CN111299120B

CN111299120B - Roller sand screening machine and sand screening method

Info

Publication number: CN111299120B
Application number: CN201911384479.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢杰; 李蕊; 王麟
Original assignee: Changan University
Current assignee: Changan University
Priority date: 2019-12-28
Filing date: 2019-12-28
Publication date: 2023-06-16
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-28
Also published as: CN111299120A

Abstract

The invention provides a roller sand screening machine and a sand screening method, comprising a rotating shaft, a roller and a plurality of screen plates, wherein sand is screened through the screen plates, and the undersize products on the upper layer are poured into the screen plates on the lower layer along the inner wall of the roller, so that the sand can be separated into sand with different particle size specifications through layer-by-layer screening, meanwhile, a baffle plate is arranged in the screen plates, the screen plates are divided into a plurality of screening areas, and each sand is screened in the screening area in the rotating process of the screen plates, so that the contact time of the sand and a screen is improved, and further the screening efficiency is improved.

Description

Roller sand screening machine and sand screening method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sand screening machines, in particular to a roller sand screening machine and a sand screening method.

Background

Screening is a process of passing the sand and other debris materials through one or more layers of screen surfaces with certain screen hole sizes and then dividing the sand and other debris materials into particles with different particle sizes. The sand screening machine is a mechanical device which is formed by adding a necessary power device and a feeding and discharging port by using the screening principle. The sand screening machine screens out particles with a particle size smaller than that of the screen holes by utilizing the relative movement of the screen surface and the clastic materials. The above-mentioned particles passing through the screening surface are referred to as undersize products, and the particles not passing through are referred to as oversize products. Currently, there are three main types of sand screening machines: firstly, a manual standard sieve; secondly, a vibrating sand screening machine; thirdly, a roller sand screening machine.

The existing roller sand screening machine has some defects, firstly, because the discharge roller rotates, sand and stone can fall out of the collecting hopper, and the screened particles are not collected easily; secondly, the sand and stone only moves at the bottom of the lower roller, the utilization rate of the screen surface is not high, and the screen holes are easy to be blocked.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that the existing roller sand screening machine blocks screen holes in the screening process, the invention provides the roller sand screening machine and the sand screening method, and sand is divided into particles with different particle sizes through relative rolling between debris matters and the roller.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a roller sand screening machine comprises a roller, a screen disc, a rotating shaft, a material guide pipe and a motor;

the rotary drum is fixedly sleeved on the rotary shaft, the rotary shaft is obliquely arranged, two ends of the rotary shaft are supported on the base, and one end of the rotary shaft is connected with the motor;

the screen plates are sequentially and fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and positioned in the roller, the diameters of screen holes on the screen plates are sequentially decreased from top to bottom, and the undersize products of the screen plates on the upper layer can enter the screen plates on the lower layer, and each screen plate is provided with a plurality of baffle plates to divide the screen plate into a plurality of screening areas;

the rotary shaft is provided with a plurality of discharge ports along the axial interval, and every sieve tray corresponds and communicates with a discharge port, the empty cover of material guiding pipe is in the rotary shaft to can follow the axial displacement of rotary shaft, be used for making the discharge port open or close.

Preferably, the inlet end of the screen disc is connected with the side wall of the roller, and a gap is arranged between the side wall of the screen disc and the side wall of the roller.

Preferably, the screen tray is of a basin-shaped structure with an opening at the upper end, a horn-shaped guide plate is arranged at the opening end of the screen tray, one end of the guide plate is connected with the end part of the screen tray, and the other end of the guide plate is connected with the inner wall of the roller.

Preferably, the diameter of the sieve tray is smaller than the inner diameter of the drum.

Preferably, the baffle sets up perpendicularly in the sieve tray, and the one end of baffle is connected with the lateral wall of sieve tray, and the other end links firmly with the outer wall of pivot, cuts apart the sieve tray into a plurality of fan-shaped screening areas.

Preferably, the discharge port comprises a plurality of discharge sub-ports, the circumferences of the plurality of discharge sub-ports are uniformly distributed on the rotating shaft, and each discharge sub-port is correspondingly communicated with a sector screening area.

Preferably, the lower end of the material guiding pipe extends out of the rotating shaft and is connected with a transmission device, and the transmission device enables the material guiding pipe to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft through a gear rack mechanism.

Preferably, an extrusion screw is arranged in the material guide pipe, the lower end of the extrusion screw extends out of the lower end of the material guide pipe and the driving device, and the extrusion screw rotates to extrude the product on the screen out of the material guide pipe.

Preferably, a discharge hole is arranged at the bottom of the roller and used for collecting sun-cured products of the lowest layer of screen plate.

The invention also provides a sand screening method of the roller sand screening machine, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, pouring sand into a screen disc at the uppermost layer;

step 2, the motor drives the rotating shaft, the roller and the screen disc to synchronously rotate;

step 3, screening the sand from top to bottom layer by a plurality of screening discs;

step 4, starting a transmission device, enabling each screen disc to be communicated with a material guiding pipe from top to bottom in sequence, and guiding out and collecting the product on the screen of each screen disc from the lower end of the material guiding pipe;

and 5, opening a discharge hole at the bottom of the roller, and collecting undersize products of the lowest layer of screen tray.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the invention provides a roller sand screening machine which comprises a rotating shaft, a roller and a plurality of screen plates, wherein sand is screened through the screen plates, and an upper-layer undersize product is poured into a lower-layer screen plate along the inner wall of the roller, so that the sand can be separated into sand with various different particle sizes through layer-by-layer screening, meanwhile, a baffle plate is arranged in the screen plate, the screen plate is divided into a plurality of screening areas, and each sand is screened in the screening area in the rotating process of the screen plate, so that the contact time of the sand and a screen is improved, and further the screening efficiency is improved.

Further, the undersize products of the upper screen mesh enter the screen tray of the lower layer through the gap, so that the flow efficiency of the undersize products is improved, and the screening efficiency is further improved.

Further, the guide plate is arranged at the opening part of the screen, so that the undersize products of the upper screen can accurately enter the lower screen, the mixing of sand and stones with different particle sizes is avoided, and the screening quality of sand and stones is improved.

Further, set up the extrusion screw in the passage, avoid the product to cause the jam of passage on the sieve, improve ejection of compact efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a drum sand screen of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the screen tray of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of the shaft and draft tube of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of the rotating shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a spindle of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the transmission of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a roller; 2. a screen tray; 3. a rotating shaft; 4. a material guiding pipe; 5. a transmission device; 6. a motor; 7. a column; 8. a support column; 9. extruding a screw; 21. a partition plate; 22. a deflector; 31. a discharge port; 51. a gear.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate but do not limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a roller sand screen includes a roller 1, a screen pan 2, a rotating shaft 3, a feed pipe 4, and a motor 6.

The rotary drum 1 is fixedly sleeved on the rotary shaft 3, the rotary shaft 3 is obliquely arranged, two ends of the rotary drum are supported on the base through upright posts 7, and one end of the rotary shaft 3 is connected with the motor 6;

the screen plates 2 are sequentially and fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 3 and are positioned in the roller 1, the screen holes of the screen plates 2 are sequentially decreased from top to bottom, and the undersize products of the screen plates on the upper layer can enter the screen plates on the lower layer, and each screen plate 2 is provided with a plurality of baffle plates to divide the screen plate 2 into a plurality of screening areas;

the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a plurality of discharge ports 31 along the axial interval, each sieve tray 2 is correspondingly communicated with one discharge port, and the material guide pipe 4 is sleeved in the rotating shaft 3 and can move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3 so that the discharge ports are opened or closed.

Referring to fig. 2, the screen tray 2 is a basin-shaped structure with an open upper end, the partition plate 21 is vertically arranged in the screen tray, one end of the partition plate 21 is connected with the side wall of the screen tray, the other end of the partition plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft, the bottom of the partition plate is connected with the bottom of the screen tray, and the discharge hole of the rotating shaft is positioned between two adjacent partition plates, so that the screening area divided by the partition plates is communicated with the discharge hole, and the screened sand and stone can enter the material guiding pipe 4 from the discharge hole 31.

The quantity of baffle is confirmed according to the diameter of sieve tray, sets up two at least baffles, cuts apart the sieve tray into two screening areas, corresponds the same axial position of pivot and sets up two discharge gates, and two discharge gate circumferences equipartition are in the pivot, and two discharge gates communicate with two screening areas respectively.

The utility model discloses a screen tray, including the upper screen tray, the lateral wall of screen tray, the cylinder, be provided with the clearance between lateral wall of screen tray and the cylinder, in the screen tray of the adjacent lower floor of screen tray of being convenient for get into, the open end of screen tray is provided with loudspeaker form guide plate 22, the one end and the end connection of screen tray of guide plate 22, the other end extends to the slope of cylinder inner wall to with the inner wall connection of cylinder, when the screen tray of upper screen tray's screen tray lower product flows downwards through the clearance, the guide plate of lower floor screen tray can be with the screen tray's screen tray lower product water conservancy diversion to the secondary screening.

In this embodiment, including four sieve trays, can divide into the grit of different specifications in 5.

The screen tray and the partition plate are made of screens, sand and stone are screened simultaneously through the side wall and the bottom of the screen tray, and screening efficiency is greatly improved.

The material guiding pipe 4 is a hollow pipe, the lower end of the material guiding pipe 4 is connected with a transmission device, the transmission device is used for driving the material guiding pipe to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, in the stage of screening sand, the material guiding pipe seals all discharge holes, after screening, the transmission device drives the material guiding pipe 4 to move downwards step by step, when the upper end of the material guiding pipe is separated from the material outlet communicated with the uppermost layer of the screen disc, at the moment, the uppermost layer of the screen disc is communicated with the material guiding pipe through the material outlet, and the on-screen products in the uppermost layer of the screen disc sequentially enter the material guiding pipe through the material outlet and the inner hole of the rotating shaft and then flow out from the lower end of the material guiding pipe, so that the collection of the on-screen products is completed.

The bottom of the roller is provided with a discharge hole, the sun-cured product of the lowermost layer of sieve tray enters the bottom of the roller 1, and the lateral discharge hole at the bottom of the roller is opened to collect the sun-cured product.

The rolling top is also provided with a cover plate, so that sand and stone are prevented from flowing out of the mouth in the rotating process.

The transmission device comprises a stand column, a gear is arranged at the top of the stand column, a rack is arranged on the material guiding pipe 4 along the axial direction, the gear is meshed with the rack, the gear 51 is connected with a rocker arm or a motor, the gear 51 is driven to enable the material guiding pipe to axially move, a material outlet is opened and closed, the material outlet is closed, the material guiding pipe 4 moves upwards, the material outlet is opened, and the material guiding pipe 4 moves downwards; the material guiding pipe is controlled to move through the transmission device, and the products on the screen of each screen disc are collected from top to bottom.

Further, set up the extrusion screw in the passage, the lower extreme that the one end of extrusion screw stretched out the passage is connected with the motor, and motor drive screw rotates, takes out the product on the sieve in the passage, improves ejection of compact efficiency, and after the product was collected on the sieve of upper strata one sieve tray was accomplished, the passage was followed the axial down of pivot and is moved, makes the sieve tray of lower floor and the discharge gate material intercommunication that corresponds, and the screw rod continues to rotate, and the product is extruded on the sieve of lower floor's sieve tray, accomplishes and collects.

The scale is arranged on the material guide pipe and used for measuring the moving distance of the material guide pipe, so that each time the material guide pipe is moved, one screen disc can be communicated with a corresponding discharge hole.

The two ends of the rotating shaft 3 are arranged on the upright posts 7 through bearings, so that the friction force of the rotating shaft can be reduced, and the rotating efficiency is improved.

Be provided with a plurality of support columns 8 on the base, the top of support column is provided with the gyro wheel, roll the outer wall butt with the cylinder, can effectively reduce the atress of pivot like this, improve the life of pivot.

The sand screening method of the roller sand screening machine provided by the invention is described in detail below.

Step 1, pouring sand into a screen disc at the uppermost layer;

step 2, the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the roller and the screen disc to synchronously rotate;

and 3, under the action of the rotating force, the undersize products of each layer of screening disc enter the lower layer of screening disc to finish the screening of sand and stones.

And 4, starting a transmission device and an extrusion screw 9, sequentially enabling each sieve tray to be communicated with the material guiding pipe from top to bottom, and guiding out and collecting products on the sieve tray from the lower end of the material guiding pipe.

The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The roller sand screening machine is characterized by comprising a roller (1), a screen disc (2), a rotating shaft (3), a material guide pipe (4) and a motor (6);

the rotary drum (1) is fixedly sleeved on the rotary shaft (3), the rotary shaft (3) is obliquely arranged, two ends of the rotary shaft are supported on the base, one end of the rotary shaft (3) is connected with the motor (6), and a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the rotary drum and used for collecting undersize products of the lowermost screen tray;

the plurality of screen trays (2) are sequentially and fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (3) and are positioned in the rotary drum (1), the diameters of screen holes on the screen trays (2) are sequentially decreased from top to bottom, and the undersize products of the screen trays on the upper layer can enter the screen trays on the lower layer, and at least two partition plates are arranged in each screen tray (2) to divide the screen tray (2) into a plurality of screening areas;

the rotary shaft (3) is provided with a plurality of discharge holes (31) at intervals along the axial direction, each screen disc (2) is correspondingly communicated with one discharge hole, and the material guide pipe (4) is sleeved in the rotary shaft (3) in a hollow mode and can move along the axial direction of the rotary shaft (3) so as to enable the discharge holes to be opened or closed;

the baffle (21) is vertically arranged in the screen disc, one end of the baffle (21) is connected with the side wall of the screen disc, the other end of the baffle is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft, the screen disc is divided into a plurality of sector screening areas, the discharge port comprises a plurality of discharge sub ports, the circumferences of the discharge sub ports are uniformly distributed in the rotating shaft, and each discharge sub port is correspondingly communicated with one sector screening area.

2. A roller sand screen as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the inlet end of the screen disc (2) is connected to the side wall of the roller, a gap being provided between the side wall of the screen disc (2) and the side wall of the roller.

3. A roller sand screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the screen disc (2) is of a basin-shaped structure with an opening at the upper end, the opening end of the screen disc is provided with a horn-shaped deflector (22), one end of the deflector (22) is connected with the end of the screen disc, and the other end is connected with the inner wall of the roller.

4. A roller sand screen as claimed in claim 3, wherein the diameter of the screen is less than the inner diameter of the roller.

5. A roller sand screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the feed tube (4) extends out of the rotary shaft and is connected to a transmission device, which causes the feed tube (4) to move in the axial direction of the rotary shaft by means of a rack-and-pinion mechanism.

6. A roller sand screen as claimed in claim 1, wherein an extrusion screw (9) is provided in the feed conduit, the lower end of the extrusion screw (9) extending beyond the lower end of the feed conduit and the drive means, the extrusion screw (9) being rotatable for extruding the product on the screen out of the feed conduit (4).

7. A sand screening method of a roller sand screen as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:

step 1, pouring sand into a screen disc at the uppermost layer;