CN111299120A

CN111299120A - Roller sand screening machine and sand screening method

Info

Publication number: CN111299120A
Application number: CN201911384479.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢杰; 李蕊; 王麟
Original assignee: Changan University
Current assignee: Changan University
Priority date: 2019-12-28
Filing date: 2019-12-28
Publication date: 2020-06-19
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-28
Also published as: CN111299120B

Abstract

The invention provides a roller sand screening machine and a sand screening method, which comprise a rotating shaft, a roller and a plurality of screen discs, wherein sand and stones are screened through the screen discs, undersize products on the upper layer are poured into the screen discs on the lower layer along the inner wall of the roller, the sand and stones can be divided into a plurality of sand and stones with different particle size specifications through layer-by-layer screening, meanwhile, partition plates are arranged in the screen discs to divide the screen discs into a plurality of screening areas, and each sand and stone is screened in the screening areas during the rotation of the screen discs, so that the contact time between the sand and the screen is prolonged, and the screening efficiency is further improved.

Description

Roller sand screening machine and sand screening method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sand screening machines, in particular to a roller sand screening machine and a sand screening method.

Background

Sieving is the process of passing the debris such as sand through one or more layers of sieve surfaces with certain sieve pore sizes and then dividing the debris into particles with different particle sizes. The sand screening machine is a mechanical device which is formed by adding a necessary power device and a material inlet and a material outlet by using the principle of screening. The sand screening machine utilizes the relative movement of the screen surface and the debris substance to screen out the particles with the particle size smaller than the screen holes. The particles that pass through the screen surface are referred to as undersize and the particles that do not pass through are referred to as oversize. There are three main types of sand screening machines at present: firstly, manual standard screening; secondly, vibrating sand screening machine; and thirdly, a roller sand screening machine.

The existing roller sand screening machine has some disadvantages, firstly, because the roller rotates, sand and stones can fall out of the aggregate hopper, which is not beneficial to collecting screened particles; secondly, the gravel only moves at the bottom of the lower roller, the utilization rate of the screen surface is not high, and the screen holes are easy to block.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that the sieve holes are blocked in the screening process of the existing roller sand screening machine, the invention provides the roller sand screening machine and the sand screening method.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a drum sand screening machine comprises a drum, a screening disc, a rotating shaft, a material guide pipe and a motor;

the roller is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is obliquely arranged, two ends of the rotating shaft are supported on the base, and one end of the rotating shaft is connected with the motor;

the plurality of sieve trays are sequentially fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and are positioned in the roller, the diameters of sieve holes on the sieve trays are sequentially reduced from top to bottom, undersize products of the upper sieve tray can enter the lower sieve tray, and a plurality of partition plates are arranged in each sieve tray to divide the sieve tray into a plurality of sieving areas;

the material guide pipe is sleeved in the rotating shaft in an empty mode and can move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the material guide pipe is used for enabling the material outlet to be opened or closed.

Preferably, the inlet end of the sieve tray is connected with the side wall of the drum, and a gap is arranged between the side wall of the sieve tray and the side wall of the drum.

Preferably, the sieve tray is a basin-shaped structure with an open upper end, a horn-shaped guide plate is arranged at the open end of the sieve tray, one end of the guide plate is connected with the end of the sieve tray, and the other end of the guide plate is connected with the inner wall of the roller.

Preferably, the diameter of the sieve tray is smaller than the inner diameter of the drum.

Preferably, the baffle sets up perpendicularly in the sieve tray, and the one end of baffle is connected with the lateral wall of sieve tray, and the other end links firmly with the outer wall of pivot, divides into a plurality of fan-shaped screening regions with the sieve tray.

Preferably, the discharge hole comprises a plurality of discharge sub-openings, the circumferences of the plurality of discharge sub-openings are uniformly distributed on the rotating shaft, and each discharge sub-opening is correspondingly communicated with a fan-shaped screening area.

Preferably, the lower end of the material guide pipe extends out of the rotating shaft and is connected with a transmission device, and the transmission device enables the material guide pipe to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft through a gear rack mechanism.

Preferably, an extrusion screw is arranged in the material guide pipe, the lower end of the extrusion screw extends out of the lower end of the material guide pipe and the driving device, and the extrusion screw rotates to extrude the oversize product out of the material guide pipe.

Preferably, the bottom of the roller is provided with a discharge hole for collecting the sunned products of the lowest layer of the sieve tray.

The invention also provides a sand screening method of the roller sand screening machine, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, pouring sand and stone into a sieve tray on the uppermost layer;

step 2, the motor drives the rotating shaft, the drum and the sieve tray to synchronously rotate;

step 3, screening the gravels layer by layer from top to bottom by a plurality of screen discs;

step 4, starting a transmission device, sequentially communicating each sieve tray with a material guide pipe from top to bottom, and guiding out and collecting oversize products of each sieve tray from the lower end of the material guide pipe;

and 5, opening a discharge hole at the bottom of the roller, and collecting undersize products of the lowermost screen tray.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the invention provides a drum sand screening machine which comprises a rotating shaft, a drum and a plurality of screen discs, wherein sand and stones are screened through the screen discs, the undersize product on the upper layer is poured into the screen discs on the lower layer along the inner wall of the drum, the sand and stones can be divided into a plurality of sand and stones with different particle size specifications through layer-by-layer screening, meanwhile, the screen discs are provided with partition plates to divide the screen discs into a plurality of screening areas, and each sand and stone is screened in the screening areas in the rotating process of the screen discs, so that the contact time of the sand and the screen is prolonged, and the screening efficiency is further improved.

Furthermore, undersize products of the upper screen mesh enter the lower screen plate through the gaps, the flow efficiency of the undersize products is improved, and the screening efficiency is further improved.

Further, set up the guide plate at the oral area of screen cloth, the entering lower floor screen cloth that the product can be accurate under the sieve of assurance upper screen cloth avoids the grit of different particle diameters to appear mixing, improves the screening quality of grit.

Furthermore, an extrusion screw is arranged in the material guide pipe, so that the blockage of the material guide pipe caused by oversize products is avoided, and the discharging efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a roller sand screening machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sieve tray according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of the rotating shaft and the draft tube of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a structural view of a rotating shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a spindle according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the transmission of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a drum; 2. a sieve tray; 3. a rotating shaft; 4. a material guide pipe; 5. a transmission device; 6. a motor; 7. a column; 8. a support pillar; 9. extruding a screw; 21. a partition plate; 22. a baffle; 31. a discharge port; 51. a gear.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the attached drawings, which are illustrative, but not limiting, of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the drum sand screening machine includes a drum 1, a screening tray 2, a rotating shaft 3, a material guiding pipe 4 and a motor 6.

The roller 1 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 3, the rotating shaft 3 is obliquely arranged, two ends of the rotating shaft 3 are supported on the base through the upright post 7, and one end of the rotating shaft 3 is connected with the motor 6;

the plurality of sieve trays 2 are sequentially fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 3 and are positioned in the roller 1, sieve holes of the plurality of sieve trays 2 are sequentially reduced progressively from top to bottom, undersize products of the upper sieve tray can enter the lower sieve tray, and a plurality of partition plates are arranged in each sieve tray 2 to divide the sieve tray 2 into a plurality of sieving areas;

the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a plurality of discharge ports 31 at intervals along the axial direction, each sieve tray 2 is correspondingly communicated with one discharge port, and the material guide pipe 4 is sleeved in the rotating shaft 3 in an empty mode and can move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3 to enable the discharge ports to be opened or closed.

Referring to fig. 2, the sieve tray 2 is a basin-shaped structure with an open upper end, the partition plate 21 is vertically arranged in the sieve tray, one end of the partition plate 21 is connected with the side wall of the sieve tray, the other end of the partition plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft, the bottom of the partition plate is connected with the bottom of the sieve tray, the discharge port of the rotating shaft is located between two adjacent partition plates, the sieving area divided by the partition plates is communicated with the discharge port, and sieved gravels can enter the material guide pipe 4 from the discharge port 31.

The quantity of baffle is confirmed according to the diameter of sieve dish, sets up two baffles at least, divides into two screening regions with the sieve dish, and same axial position that corresponds the pivot sets up two discharge gates, and two discharge gate circumferences equipartitions are in the pivot, and two discharge gates communicate with two screening regions respectively.

Be provided with the clearance between the lateral wall of sieve dish and the cylinder, be convenient for undersize the result and get into the sieve dish of adjacent lower floor, the open end of sieve dish is provided with the guide plate 22 of loudspeaker form, the one end of guide plate 22 and the end connection of sieve dish, the other end extends to the cylinder inner wall slope to with the interior wall connection of cylinder, when the undersize result of upper sieve dish passes through the clearance when flowing downwards, the guide plate of lower floor's sieve dish can be with undersize result water conservancy diversion of upper sieve dish to the sieve dish in, carry out the secondary screening.

In this embodiment, including four sieve trays, can divide into the grit of 5 different specifications with the grit.

The sieve tray and the partition plate are made of screen meshes, and the sand and stone are simultaneously sieved through the side wall and the bottom of the sieve tray, so that the sieving efficiency is greatly improved.

The baffle pipe 4 is the hollow tube, the lower extreme and the transmission of baffle pipe 4 are connected, transmission is used for driving the axial displacement of baffle pipe along the pivot, in the screening stage of grit, the baffle pipe seals all discharge gates, the back of finishing screening, drive baffle pipe 4 through transmission and move gradually downwards, the upper end and the discharge gate separation of the sieve dish intercommunication of the superiors of baffle pipe, at this moment, the sieve dish of the superiors passes through discharge gate and baffle pipe intercommunication, the product loops through the discharge gate on the sieve in the sieve dish of the superiors, the hole of pivot enters into the baffle pipe, then flow from the lower extreme of guide pipe, accomplish the collection of the product on the sieve.

The bottom of cylinder is provided with the discharge gate, and the bottom of shining down the result of lower floor sieve dish and getting into the bottom of cylinder 1 opens cylinder bottom side discharge gate, collects this undersize result.

The rolling top still is provided with the apron, avoids at the pivoted in-process, and the grit flows from the oral area.

The transmission device comprises an upright post, a gear is arranged at the top of the upright post, a rack is axially arranged on the material guide pipe 4, the gear is meshed with the rack, the gear 51 is connected with a rocker arm or a motor, the gear 51 drives the material guide pipe to axially move, the material outlet is opened and closed, the material outlet is closed, the material guide pipe 4 moves upwards, the material outlet is opened, and the material guide pipe 4 moves downwards; the material guide pipe is controlled to move through the transmission device, and products on the sieve of each sieve tray are collected from top to bottom in sequence.

Further, set up in the passage and extrude the screw rod, the lower extreme that the one end of extruding the screw rod stretches out the passage is connected with the motor, and motor drive screw rod rotates, takes out the oversize result in the passage, improves ejection of compact efficiency, and after the oversize result of a sieve tray of upper strata was collected and is accomplished, the axial downstream of passage along the pivot made the sieve tray of lower floor and the discharge gate material intercommunication that corresponds, the screw rod continues to rotate, extrudes when the oversize result of sieve tray of lower floor, accomplishes and collects.

The material guide pipe is provided with scales and used for measuring the moving distance of the material guide pipe, ensuring that the material guide pipe is moved each time, and enabling one sieve tray to be communicated with the corresponding discharge hole.

The both ends of pivot 3 are passed through the bearing and are installed on stand 7, can reduce the frictional force of pivot like this, improve rotation efficiency.

Be provided with a plurality of support columns 8 on the base, the top of support column is provided with the gyro wheel, rolls the outer wall butt with the cylinder, can effectively reduce the atress of pivot like this, improves the life of pivot.

The following is a detailed description of a sand screening method of a roller sand screening machine provided by the invention.

Step 1, pouring sand and stone into a sieve tray on the uppermost layer;

step 2, the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the roller and the sieve tray to synchronously rotate;

and step 3, under the action of the rotating force, undersize products of each layer of sieve tray enter the lower layer of sieve tray to complete the screening of the gravels.

And 4, starting the transmission device and the extrusion screw 9, sequentially communicating each screen disc with the material guide pipe from top to bottom, and guiding out and collecting the oversize products of each screen disc from the lower end of the material guide pipe.

The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drum sand screening machine is characterized by comprising a drum (1), a screening disc (2), a rotating shaft (3), a material guide pipe (4) and a motor (6);

the rotary drum (1) is fixedly sleeved on the rotary shaft (3), the rotary shaft (3) is obliquely arranged, two ends of the rotary shaft (3) are supported on the base, and one end of the rotary shaft (3) is connected with the motor (6);

the sieve trays (2) are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (3) in sequence and are positioned in the drum (1), the diameters of sieve holes on the sieve trays (2) are gradually reduced from top to bottom, undersize products of the upper sieve tray can enter the lower sieve tray, and a plurality of partition plates are arranged in each sieve tray (2) to divide the sieve tray (2) into a plurality of sieving areas;

the material guide pipe (4) is sleeved in the rotating shaft (3) in an empty mode and can move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3) and is used for enabling the discharge ports to be opened or closed.

2. A drum sand screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet end of the screening tray (2) is connected with the side wall of the drum, and a gap is provided between the side wall of the screening tray (2) and the side wall of the drum.

3. The drum sand screening machine according to claim 1, wherein the screening tray (2) is of a basin-shaped structure with an open upper end, a trumpet-shaped guide plate (22) is arranged at the open end of the screening tray, one end of the guide plate (22) is connected with the end of the screening tray, and the other end of the guide plate is connected with the inner wall of the drum.

4. A drum sander as set forth in claim 3, wherein the diameter of the screening disk is less than the inner diameter of the drum.

5. The rotary sand screening machine according to claim 1, wherein the partition plate (21) is vertically arranged in the screen tray, one end of the partition plate (21) is connected with the side wall of the screen tray, and the other end of the partition plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft, so that the screen tray is divided into a plurality of fan-shaped screening areas.

6. The drum sand screening machine according to claim 5, wherein the discharge port comprises a plurality of discharge sub-ports, the plurality of discharge sub-ports are uniformly distributed on the rotating shaft in the circumferential direction, and each discharge sub-port is correspondingly communicated with a fan-shaped screening area.

7. The rotary sand screening machine according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the material guide pipe (4) extends out of the rotating shaft and is connected with a transmission device, and the transmission device enables the material guide pipe (4) to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft through a gear rack mechanism.

8. The rotary sand screening machine according to claim 1, wherein an extrusion screw (9) is arranged in the material guide pipe, the lower end of the extrusion screw (9) extends out of the lower end of the material guide pipe and the driving device, and the extrusion screw (9) rotates to extrude oversize products out of the material guide pipe (4).

9. The drum sand screening machine according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the drum is provided with a discharge port for collecting the suntan product of the lowermost screening tray.

10. A method of screening sand in a drum sander as set forth in any of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

step 1, pouring sand and stone into a sieve tray on the uppermost layer;