CN111297808A - 一种可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111297808A
CN111297808A CN202010291770.1A CN202010291770A CN111297808A CN 111297808 A CN111297808 A CN 111297808A CN 202010291770 A CN202010291770 A CN 202010291770A CN 111297808 A CN111297808 A CN 111297808A
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汪安国
田玉虎
李凤华
李梁梁
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉,属于兽药制剂技术领域。本发明可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉的组成为:盐酸大观霉素40份、盐酸林可霉素20份、油/水型乳化剂3~6份、水/油型乳化剂7~10份、免疫多糖2~4份、辅料20~28份。本发明的可溶性粉不需要任何油苗稀释液即可实现直接溶于油苗且均匀;解决现有技术中需要溶于油苗稀释液、溶解效果差、均匀度低、生物利用率低且使用成本较高等问题。本发明在保证了此类产品的质量和疗效的基础上,方便养殖临床操作和应用,降低了使用成本。

Description

一种可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉及其制备 方法
技术领域
本发明属于兽药制剂技术领域,具体涉及一种可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉及其制备方法。
背景技术
林可霉素(lincomycin)属林可胺类抗生素,对大多数厌氧菌和革兰氏阳性菌有较强抗菌作用。大观霉素(spectinomycin)属氨基糖苷类抗生素,对革兰氏阳性菌、阴性菌及支原体均有明细的抑制作用。盐酸林可霉素与盐酸大观霉素复方配伍具有协同作用,抗菌谱较广,作用快速,毒副作用小,使用治疗剂量对鸡、猪等养殖动物无不良影响,对支原体引起的鸡慢性呼吸道病和大肠杆菌引起的腹泻、肠炎都有很好的预防和治疗效果。
目前,盐酸林可霉素与盐酸大观霉素复方剂型有预混剂、可溶性粉以及水性注射液。注射液长时间放置后药液稳定性变差,药液中盐酸大观霉素的效价和pH值快速下降,不利于运输、长期储存和使用,而可溶性粉稀释后可以作为注射液,也可以直接进行饮水服用,被广泛应用于养殖环节,一般在养殖动物幼龄阶段与油苗混合均匀后一同肌肉注射,既起到防病治病的功效,又避免了对动物的二次应激。市场上使用的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉一般为盐酸大观霉素和盐酸林可霉素混合后制备,在与油苗联合使用时需先溶于油苗稀释液再与油苗混合均匀使用,溶解效果差、均匀度低、生物利用率低且油苗稀释液使用成本较高,给养殖临床应用造成诸多不便。因此,如何解除对油苗稀释液的依赖性而能直接溶于油苗成为制备盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉的关键。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉及其制备方法,解决现有技术中需要溶于油苗稀释液、溶解效果差、均匀度低、生物利用率低且使用成本较高等问题。本发明保证了此类产品的质量和疗效,方便养殖临床操作和应用,同时降低了使用成本。
为了实现以上目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:
一种可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉,由盐酸大观霉素、盐酸林可霉素、助溶剂、水/油型乳化剂、免疫多糖和辅料组成,各组分按重量百分比组成:
盐酸大观霉素40份、盐酸林可霉素20份、油/水型乳化剂3~6份、水/油型乳化剂7~10份、免疫多糖2~4份、辅料20~28份。
在上述方案的基础上,
所述油/水型乳化剂为泊洛沙姆、月桂醇硫酸钠、硬脂酸钠中的一种或几种;
所述水/油型乳化剂为胆甾醇、可可豆脂、羊毛脂、卵磷脂中的一种或几种;
所述免疫多糖为黄芪多糖、大豆多糖、香菇多糖中的一种或几种;
所述辅料为无水葡萄糖。
上述可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉的制备方法,步骤为:
将油/水型乳化剂与无水葡萄糖混合、粉碎后过五号筛,称量备用;将水/油型乳化剂在研钵中研磨后过五号筛,称量备用;称取盐酸大观霉素、盐酸林可霉素、免疫多糖,与粉碎、过筛后的油/水型乳化剂和无水葡萄糖以及研磨、过筛后的水/油型乳化剂通过三维混合机混合均匀,即得。
本发明技术方案的优点
可可豆脂是从梧桐科植物可可树未炒熟的种子用挥发性溶剂提取而制得的一种固体脂肪,熔点较低,是栓剂有价值的基质;主要由98%甘三酯、1%游离脂肪酸、0.3%甘二酯、0.2%单甘酯、150mg/kg~250mg/kg生育酚和0.05%~0.13%磷脂组成,其中甘三酯是可可豆脂的主要成分;配合油/水型乳化剂(泊洛沙姆、月桂醇硫酸钠、硬脂酸钠等)以及(胆甾醇、羊毛脂、卵磷脂等)水/油型乳化剂可以做成可溶性粉与油苗的互溶乳化剂基质。
免疫多糖如大豆多糖是一种糖蛋白,具有表面活性,乳化性能要优于阿拉伯胶,经酶解、过柱后经电泳分析表明蛋白分子质量为50KDa左右,能快速吸附到油滴表面,而糖链部分伸到水相在油滴周围形成一层厚厚的水化膜通过空间位阻作用使油滴稳定;同时,免疫多糖可以增强机体对油苗的免疫应答,提高抗体效价水平,从而增强动物的免疫力和抗病力。
本发明创造性地以可可豆脂和免疫多糖作为油苗乳化剂,同时联合油/水型乳化剂配合主药盐酸大观霉素、盐酸林可霉素,实现可溶性粉直接溶于油苗且均匀的目标,解决了一直以来可溶性粉溶于油苗使用时需先溶于油苗稀释液的限制。本发明盐酸大观林可霉素的可溶性粉不需要任何油苗稀释液即可直接溶于油苗且均匀,同时可提高油苗使用后的效价。溶解试验表明,本发明得到的可溶性粉在油苗中的溶解性(溶解程度、溶解时间、溶液稳定性)均优于市场上的同类产品;组方中添加可可豆脂和免疫多糖可明显增加可溶性粉在油苗中的溶解性(溶解程度、溶解时间、溶液稳定性);稳定性试验(加速试验)表明,本发明有效地提高了盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉的稳定性。临床应用表明,本发明可有效应用于鸡场实际操作,简化了操作,减少了使用成本,同时增加了生物利用度和抗体效价水平,促进了养殖业高速高效的发展。
具体实施方式
在本发明中所使用的术语,除非有另外说明,一般具有本领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义。
下面结合具体实施例,并参照数据进一步详细的描述本发明。以下实施例只是为了举例说明本发明,而非以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
下述实施例中所使用的试验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所使用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,为可从商业途径得到的试剂和材料。实施例中所述百分比浓度如无特别说明均为重量/重量(W/W)百分比浓度。
实施例1
Figure BDA0002450674090000031
制备方法:
将月桂醇硫酸钠、硬脂酸钠按配方比例与无水葡萄糖混合、粉碎后过五号筛,称量备用;将胆甾醇、卵磷脂和可可豆脂按配方比例混合、在研钵中充分研磨后过五号筛,称量备用;称取盐酸大观霉素、盐酸林可霉素、黄芪多糖,与粉碎、过筛后的月桂醇硫酸钠、硬脂酸钠和无水葡萄糖以及研磨、过筛后的胆甾醇、卵磷脂和可可豆脂通过三维混合机混合均匀,即得。
实施例2
Figure BDA0002450674090000032
Figure BDA0002450674090000041
制备方法:
将泊洛沙姆188、硬脂酸钠按配方比例与无水葡萄糖混合、粉碎后过五号筛,称量备用;将胆甾醇、羊毛脂和可可豆脂按配方比例混合、在研钵中研磨后过五号筛,称量备用;称取盐酸大观霉素、盐酸林可霉素、大豆多糖,与粉碎、过筛后的泊洛沙姆188、硬脂酸钠和无水葡萄糖以及研磨、过筛后的胆甾醇、羊毛脂和可可豆脂通过三维混合机混合均匀,即得。
实施例3
Figure BDA0002450674090000042
制备方法:
将硬脂酸钠按配方比例与无水葡萄糖混合、粉碎后过五号筛,称量备用;将胆甾醇、卵磷脂和可可豆脂按配方比例混合、在研钵中研磨后过五号筛,称量备用;称取盐酸大观霉素、盐酸林可霉素、大豆多糖、黄芪多糖,与粉碎、过筛后的硬脂酸钠和无水葡萄糖以及研磨、过筛后的胆甾醇、卵磷脂和可可豆脂通过三维混合机混合均匀,即得。
实施例4
Figure BDA0002450674090000043
Figure BDA0002450674090000051
制备方法:
将泊洛沙姆188、硬脂酸钠按配方比例与无水葡萄糖混合、粉碎后过五号筛,称量备用;将羊毛脂和可可豆脂按配方比例混合、在研钵中研磨后过五号筛,称量备用;称取盐酸大观霉素、盐酸林可霉素、大豆多糖,与粉碎、过筛后的泊洛沙姆188、硬脂酸钠和无水葡萄糖以及研磨、过筛后的羊毛脂脂和可可豆脂通过三维混合机混合均匀,即得。
实施例5
Figure BDA0002450674090000052
制备方法:
将月桂醇硫酸钠、硬脂酸钠按配方比例与无水葡萄糖混合、粉碎后过五号筛,称量备用;将卵磷脂和可可豆脂按配方比例混合、在研钵中研磨后过五号筛,称量备用;称取盐酸大观霉素、盐酸林可霉素、大豆多糖、香菇多糖,与粉碎、过筛后的月桂醇硫酸钠、硬脂酸钠和无水葡萄糖以及研磨、过筛后的卵磷脂和可可豆脂通过三维混合机混合均匀,即得。
实施例6
按实施例1~5制备的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉与油苗混合的溶解效果。
对照品:目前市场上常用的3个配方样品:对照1、对照2和对照3。
试验方法:将500mL油苗预热到37℃备用,分别称取10g可溶性粉样品,倒入瓶中与油苗混合,盖紧盖子用力摇晃10~30s,静置后观察是否溶解、溶解时间和溶解后溶液稳定性。
试验结果:按实施例1~5制备的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉和对照品直接与油苗混合后结果如下表所示:
表1
Figure BDA0002450674090000061
实施例7
添加可可豆脂和免疫多糖(以黄芪多糖为例)对组方疫苗溶解性的影响。
样品:按是否添加可可豆脂和免疫多糖以及不同的添加量分为样品6、样品7、样品8、样品9和样品10。
试验方法:将500mL油苗预热到37℃备用,分别称取10g可溶性粉样品,倒入瓶中与油苗混合,盖紧盖子用力摇晃10~30s,静置后观察是否溶解、溶解时间和溶解后溶液稳定性。
试验结果:按样品6~10组方制备的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉直接与油苗混合后结果如下表所示:
表2
Figure BDA0002450674090000071
实施例8
药物稳定性试验:按实施例1~5制备盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉样品,各称取20克装入100mL棕色玻璃瓶中,压盖封口,置于药物稳定性试验箱中做加速试验,调节温度至温度40±2℃,湿度至相对湿度75±5%,定期观察6个月,在试验期间第0、1、3、6个月末取样检测考察项目。试验结果如下表所示。
表3
Figure BDA0002450674090000081
实施例9
临床应用:在辽宁某肉鸡养殖场进行临床对比试验,待肉鸡生长到7日龄时,对照组先用3mL稀释液将10g盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉溶解,再用注射器转移到500mL新城疫禽流感二联苗中混合;试验组将10克本发明制备的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉直接加入到500mL新城疫禽流感二联苗(先预热到37℃)中混合均匀。使用时均按0.2毫升/羽注射量,颈部注射,1周后检测新城疫和禽流感抗体效价水平。结果表明,相比于对照组,试验组给药时鸡的应激反应明显减少,注射油苗当天死淘率下降0.52%,第二天腹泻率减少10.72%,1周后抗体效价明显提高,同时节省油苗稀释液使用成本,具体如下表。
表4
Figure BDA0002450674090000091

Claims (3)

1.一种可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉,其特征在于,由以下组分按重量份数组成:
盐酸大观霉素40份、盐酸林可霉素20份、油/水型乳化剂3~6份、水/油型乳化剂7~10份、免疫多糖2~4份、辅料20~28份。
2.根据权利要求1所述可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉,其特征在于,
所述油/水型乳化剂为泊洛沙姆、月桂醇硫酸钠、硬脂酸钠中的一种或几种;
所述水/油型乳化剂为胆甾醇、可可豆脂、羊毛脂、卵磷脂中的一种或几种;
所属免疫多糖为大豆多糖、黄芪多糖、香菇多糖中的一种或几种;
所述辅料为无水葡萄糖。
3.权利要求1或2所述可直接溶于油苗的盐酸大观林可霉素可溶性粉的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤为:
将油/水型乳化剂与无水葡萄糖混合、粉碎后过五号筛,称量备用;将水/油型乳化剂在研钵中研磨后过五号筛,称量备用;称取盐酸大观霉素、盐酸林可霉素、免疫多糖,与粉碎、过筛后的油/水型乳化剂和无水葡萄糖以及研磨、过筛后的水/油型乳化剂通过三维混合机混合均匀,即得。
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CN108245489A (zh) * 2017-12-15 2018-07-06 合肥中龙神力动物药业有限公司 一种盐酸大观霉素盐酸林可霉素可溶性粉生产方法

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CN114748495B (zh) * 2022-05-18 2023-02-03 广东温氏大华农生物科技有限公司 一种油水双溶的兽用林可大观复方制剂及其制备方法和应用

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