CN111291517A - Subway induced vibration monitoring method and sensor fixing device - Google Patents
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- CN111291517A CN111291517A CN202010263183.1A CN202010263183A CN111291517A CN 111291517 A CN111291517 A CN 111291517A CN 202010263183 A CN202010263183 A CN 202010263183A CN 111291517 A CN111291517 A CN 111291517A
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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Abstract
The invention provides a monitoring method for subway induced vibration and a sensor fixing device, relates to the technical field of underground engineering and vibration signal acquisition, and solves the technical problems that an effective monitoring mode and method are not formed for subway train operation induced vibration in the prior art, and a corresponding sensor fixing device is not provided. The monitoring method comprises the following steps: setting an intensity threshold of the sensor; fixing the sensor; carrying out subway line vibration test on the influence of the subway train on the stability of the tunnel lining structure, and carrying out subway surrounding environment vibration test on the influence of the subway train on surrounding buildings, structures and environments; continuously acquiring data information through a sensor; and establishing a vibration prediction mathematical model through the data information. The invention provides accurate vibration information for the research of the subway vibration effect in the later period, ensures the safe and efficient operation of the subway, and the sensor fixing device realizes the accurate acquisition of the sensor information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering and vibration signal acquisition, in particular to a monitoring method for subway induced vibration and a sensor fixing device.
Background
Along with the development of economic construction in China, the urban scale is enlarged, the population is multiplied, and subway construction becomes a necessary way for solving the problem of urban ground traffic congestion. The problem of the coexistence of economy-society-environment harmony in the long-term operation process of urban subways is important to the research in the engineering and scientific research fields.
While urban subways bring convenience for traffic trips, the vibration problem caused by train operation is also concerned widely. The vibration induced in the operation process of the subway train not only damages the tunnel lining structure and the surrounding rock body, but also has certain influence on surface subsidence, stability of ground building (structure) and living comfort of urban residents. The subway operation vibration is one of the main obstacles on green development roads for realizing safe and efficient operation, harmonious coexistence of environment and continuous development of economy of urban rail transit. Therefore, in order to realize scientific and effective control on the operation vibration of the subway train, accurate acquisition of vibration signals becomes a prerequisite problem to be solved urgently.
The applicant has found that the prior art has at least the following technical problems:
the existing vibration monitoring is generally focused on the aspect of blasting vibration, less vibration monitoring and analysis are induced during the operation of a subway train, an effective monitoring mode and method are not formed, and a corresponding sensor fixing device is not provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a monitoring method for subway induced vibration and a sensor fixing device, and aims to solve the technical problems that vibration monitoring in the prior art is generally concentrated on blasting vibration, less vibration monitoring and analysis are performed on subway train operation induced vibration, no effective monitoring mode and method are formed, and no corresponding sensor fixing device is provided. The technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the invention are described in detail in the following.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for monitoring subway induced vibration, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring stratum information of a region to be monitored, subway tunnel structural characteristics and physical and mechanical parameters of each part;
step 2: acquiring the distribution states of affected buildings and structures in a region to be monitored and the relative position relationship between the affected buildings and subway lines;
and step 3: judging a main vibration interference signal source in an area to be monitored, setting an intensity threshold value of a sensor, and filtering an interference vibration signal;
and 4, step 4: establishing dynamic finite element tunnel-earth surface-building and tunnel-earth surface-structure models, inputting vibration waves, dividing vibration influence areas according to simulation results, determining the arrangement positions of monitoring points, and fixing the sensors;
and 5: carrying out subway line vibration test on the influence of the subway train on the stability of the tunnel lining structure, and carrying out subway surrounding environment vibration test on the influence of the subway train on surrounding buildings, structures and environments;
step 6: continuously acquiring data information through the sensor to acquire data information of the ground surface, the vibration speed, the acceleration and the frequency of the building and the structure induced by the subway train;
and 7: after data information is acquired, the sensor is dismantled, and the data information is transmitted to a computer end;
and 8: and establishing a vibration prediction mathematical model considering the terrain pinch effect and the elevation amplification effect through the data information.
Optionally, the vibration prediction mathematical model is:
wherein,v is the surface vibration velocity, K0And for a geological influence coefficient, epsilon is a terrain clipping action factor, gamma is a distance from a point with obvious terrain elevation change, β is a terrain vibration amplification factor, H is a terrain elevation difference, R is a vibration source distance, and α is a distance attenuation factor.
Optionally, the sensor comprises a first sensor and a second sensor; the first sensor is a self-storage and self-powered cylinder wireless three-dimensional vibration sensor and is used for acquiring data information of the subway line vibration test; the second sensor is a cubic three-dimensional vibration sensor and is used for acquiring data information of the vibration test of the surrounding environment of the subway.
Optionally, the first sensors are fixed on the wall surface of a tunnel lining of the subway line, and 4-6 sensors are distributed at equal intervals along the subway line; the second sensors are fixed on the ground right above the subway line, and the number of the second sensors is 4-6.
Optionally, the monitoring method further comprises: and when the sensor continuously collects the real-time data, different test time periods are divided according to the subway operation interval.
A sensor fixing device is used for fixing a sensor for vibration testing of the surrounding environment of the subway, and is in rigid connection with the sensor, and the sensor fixing device is in rigid connection with the ground.
Optionally, the sensor fixation device comprises a first link, a second link, a web, a threaded head, and a prong; the second connecting rod and the pointed end are of an integral structure and are fixed with the ground; the second connecting rod can slide in the first connecting rod to adjust the height of the sensor fixing device; the first connecting rod is fixedly connected with the connecting plate; the connecting plate is welded with the threaded head; the sensor fixing device is in threaded connection with the sensor through the threaded head.
Optionally, the first connecting rod is a hollow rod with a length of 200 mm; the second connecting rod is a solid rod, and the length of the second connecting rod is 100 mm; the length of the tip is 50 mm.
Optionally, a round hole is formed in the first connecting rod, and a telescopic buckle is welded at one end of the second connecting rod; the round hole is mutually matched with the buckle, and the second connecting rod can be fixed in the first connecting rod through the buckle and the round hole.
Optionally, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the connecting plate, the screw head and the pointed head are all made of metal.
Any technical scheme can at least produce the following technical effects:
according to the monitoring method for the subway induced vibration, provided by the invention, the subway vibration prediction mathematical model considering the terrain clamping effect and the elevation amplification effect is obtained, accurate vibration information is provided for the research of the later subway vibration effect, and the safe and efficient operation of the subway is ensured. Meanwhile, the sensor fixing device realizes accurate acquisition of sensor information, is convenient for accurately acquiring corresponding data information of subway induced vibration, and lays a foundation for the realization of a monitoring method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a sensor fixture;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first link;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a second link and a tip.
Fig. 1, a first link; 2. a second link; 3. a connecting plate; 4. a screw head; 5. a tip; 6. a circular hole; 7. and (5) buckling.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for monitoring subway induced vibration, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring stratum information of a region to be monitored, subway tunnel structural characteristics and physical and mechanical parameters of each part; the physical mechanical parameters mainly comprise elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, internal friction angle, cohesion, density and the like, and provide a foundation for establishing a vibration prediction mathematical model;
step 2: acquiring the distribution states of affected buildings and structures in a region to be monitored and the relative position relationship between the affected buildings and subway lines;
and step 3: judging a main vibration interference signal source in an area to be monitored, setting an intensity threshold value of a sensor, and filtering an interference vibration signal; the vibration signals lower than the intensity threshold value are not collected so as to avoid interference signals from influencing the accuracy of the final data information;
and 4, step 4: establishing dynamic finite element tunnel-earth surface-building and tunnel-earth surface-structure models, inputting vibration waves, dividing vibration influence areas according to simulation results, determining the arrangement positions of monitoring points, and fixing sensors; the finite element model is an index value model and is a numerical model established by utilizing simulation software, and the vibration wave is a sine wave for simulating subway vibration;
and 5: carrying out subway line vibration test on the influence of the subway train on the stability of the tunnel lining structure, and carrying out subway surrounding environment vibration test on the influence of the subway train on surrounding buildings, structures and environments; due to the strict requirements of subway engineering monitoring, external equipment and radiation and signals generated by the external equipment do not allow the subway operation to be interfered, so different implementation schemes are required for subway line vibration testing and subway surrounding environment vibration;
step 6: continuously acquiring data information through a sensor, and acquiring data information of the ground surface, the vibration speed, the acceleration and the frequency of the building and the structure induced by the subway train;
and 7: after the data information is acquired, the sensor is dismantled, and the data information is transmitted to the computer end; the transmission mode can be wireless network, Bluetooth, etc.;
and 8: and establishing a vibration prediction mathematical model considering the terrain pinch effect and the elevation amplification effect through data information.
As an alternative embodiment, the vibration prediction mathematical model is:
wherein V is the surface vibration velocity, K0The method comprises the steps of obtaining a surface vibration speed caused by subway induced vibration through a prediction mathematical model, wherein the surface vibration speed is a geological influence coefficient, epsilon is a terrain clamping effect factor, gamma is a distance from a terrain elevation obvious change point, β is a terrain vibration amplification factor, H is a terrain altitude difference, R is a vibration source distance, α is a distance attenuation factor, and accurate vibration information is provided for the research of the subway vibration effect.
As an alternative embodiment, the sensor comprises a first sensor and a second sensor. The first sensor is a self-storage and self-powered cylinder wireless three-dimensional vibration sensor and is used for acquiring data information of subway line vibration tests, and the first sensor is preferably 7cm in height and 5cm in diameter and does not interfere with the normal operation of a subway. The first sensors are fixed on the tunnel lining wall surface of the subway line, 4-6 first sensors are distributed at equal intervals along the subway line, data collected by 1 first sensor can be used as verification data of a vibration prediction mathematical model, and data of the other 3-5 first sensors are used as a data collection basis for researching the propagation rule of the vibration wave of the subway in the test area. If the subway tunnel is a straight line segment, the first sensors are arranged at equal intervals, and the intervals are 10-50 m; if the subway tunnel is a curve segment, the first sensors are arranged at equal intervals at intervals of 5-10 m. The second sensor is a cubic three-dimensional vibration sensor and is used for acquiring data information of vibration test of the surrounding environment of the subway. The side length of the cube is 10-15 cm, and the cube is installed at the visible height of the earth's surface, so that accidental touch and damage are prevented. The second sensors are fixed on the ground right above the subway line, the number of the second sensors is 4-6, the second sensors are linearly arranged, and the formed straight line is perpendicular to the subway line in the test area; the first second sensor is arranged right above or right below the subway, the second sensor is arranged at a distance of 30m from the first sensor, and the second sensor, the second sensor and the sixth sensor are arranged at equal intervals. If a subway curve is met, the measuring line formed by the first sensor or the second sensor is also ensured to be approximately vertical to the tangent line of the curve segment, the surface with undulating terrain exists, and the quantity of the first sensor or the second sensor is properly increased at the surface part with obvious elevation change.
As an optional embodiment, the monitoring method further comprises: when the real-time data are continuously collected through the sensors, different test time periods are divided according to the subway operation interval, the test time periods can be selected according to the subway operation interval, if the test time periods can be respectively 7-9 points and 14-16 points, the former is an early peak time period, the subway operation interval is short, the latter is a normal time period, and the subway operation interval is relatively long.
A sensor fixing device is used for fixing a sensor for vibration testing of the surrounding environment of a subway, the sensor fixing device is rigidly connected with the sensor, the rigid connection ensures accurate acquisition of subway vibration signals by the sensor, and the sensor fixing device is rigidly connected with the ground, so that accurate transmission of the vibration signals is ensured. If the earth surface is a hard ground, adopting quick-setting gypsum or glue to stably couple and contact the sensor and the wall surface of the tunnel lining; if the earth surface is a non-hardened surface, the coupling contact is carried out in an anchoring mode.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-3, the sensor fixture includes a first link 1, a second link 2, a web 3, a threaded head 4, and a prong 5. The second connecting rod 2 and the tip 5 are of an integral structure and are fixed with the ground, the second connecting rod 2 and the tip 5 can be integrally manufactured or can be manufactured respectively and welded and fixed, and the tip 5 structure is convenient for the sensor fixing device to be fixed on the ground better; second connecting rod 2 can slide the height of regulation sensor fixing device in first connecting rod 1 (i.e. first connecting rod 1, second connecting rod 2, connecting plate 3, total length after the assembly of thread head 4 and tip 5), height-adjustable has improved sensor fixing device's suitability, because the soft degree of soil layer is indefinite probably to appear, sensor fixing device and soil layer are difficult to establish good rigid connection sometimes, need increase the installation depth when the soil layer is comparatively soft in the test area, adopt first connecting rod 1, behind the structure of second connecting rod 2 adjusts whole sensor fixing device's height, whole installation depth can suitably adjust as required, ensure that the sensor can stable work. The first connecting rod 1 is fixed with the connecting plate 3, the first connecting rod 1 and the connecting plate 3 can be integrally manufactured or welded and fixed, and the connecting plate 3 has the same size with the bottom surface of a sensor (particularly a second sensor) fixed above, so that the sensor can be better fixed; the connecting plate 3 is welded with the threaded head 4, preferably, the threaded head 4 is positioned in the center of the connecting plate 3, the threaded head 4 is an external thread and is matched with an internal thread arranged at the opening position at the bottom of the sensor to realize fixation, the connecting plate 3 is preferably 5mm in thickness, and both the length and the width are 100 mm; the sensor fixing device is in threaded connection with the sensor through the threaded head 4, is firm and reliable in connection, and is convenient to mount and dismount.
As an alternative embodiment, the first connecting rod 1 is a hollow rod with a diameter of 12mm and a wall thickness of 3mm and a length of 200 mm; the second connecting rod 2 is a solid rod with the diameter of 6mm and the length of 100 mm; the length of the tip 5 is 50 mm. Therefore, the second link 2 can slide within the first link 1. These size length are suitable, and sensor fixing device length is the shortest when second connecting rod 2 embolias first connecting rod 1 completely, and sensor fixing device length is the longest otherwise, can satisfy most service conditions. Of course, the lengths of the first connecting rod 1, the second connecting rod 2 and the tip can be adjusted according to the soil layer condition on site.
As an optional embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a round hole 6 is provided in the first connecting rod 1, the round hole 6 is 90mm away from the other end connected to the connecting plate 3, the diameter is 5mm, a telescopic buckle 7 is welded at one end of the second connecting rod 2, the buckle 7 is cylindrical, the diameter is 5mm, and the length is 3 mm; round hole 6 and buckle 7 mutually support, can be at first connecting rod 1 internal fixation through buckle 7 and 6 second connecting rods 2 of round hole, and buckle 7 flushes with first connecting rod 1's border after stretching out, can not cause first connecting rod 1, second connecting rod 2 to drop off each other because of the soil layer extrusion when ensureing to get into the soil layer.
In an alternative embodiment, the first connecting rod 1, the second connecting rod 2, the connecting plate 3, the threaded head 4 and the pointed head 5 are all made of metal. The metal can be copper, stainless steel, aluminum alloy and the like, and an anti-corrosion coating such as epoxy resin and the like is arranged on the outer surface, so that the high strength of the whole sensor fixing device is facilitated, and the service life is prolonged.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for monitoring the induced vibration of the subway is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: acquiring stratum information of a region to be monitored, subway tunnel structural characteristics and physical and mechanical parameters of each part;
step 2: acquiring the distribution states of affected buildings and structures in a region to be monitored and the relative position relationship between the affected buildings and subway lines;
and step 3: judging a main vibration interference signal source in an area to be monitored, setting an intensity threshold value of a sensor, and filtering an interference vibration signal;
and 4, step 4: establishing dynamic finite element tunnel-earth surface-building and tunnel-earth surface-structure models, inputting vibration waves, dividing vibration influence areas according to simulation results, determining the arrangement positions of monitoring points, and fixing the sensors;
and 5: carrying out subway line vibration test on the influence of the subway train on the stability of the tunnel lining structure, and carrying out subway surrounding environment vibration test on the influence of the subway train on surrounding buildings, structures and environments;
step 6: continuously acquiring data information through the sensor to acquire data information of the ground surface, the vibration speed, the acceleration and the frequency of the building and the structure induced by the subway train;
and 7: after the data information is acquired, the sensor is dismantled, and the data information is transmitted to a computer end;
and 8: and establishing a vibration prediction mathematical model considering the terrain pinch effect and the elevation amplification effect through the data information.
2. A method of monitoring induced vibrations in a subway according to claim 1, wherein said vibration prediction mathematical model is:
wherein V is the surface vibration velocity, K0And for a geological influence coefficient, epsilon is a terrain clipping action factor, gamma is a distance from a point with obvious terrain elevation change, β is a terrain vibration amplification factor, H is a terrain elevation difference, R is a vibration source distance, and α is a distance attenuation factor.
3. A method of monitoring induced vibrations in a subway according to claim 1, wherein said sensors include a first sensor and a second sensor; the first sensor is a self-storage and self-powered cylinder wireless three-dimensional vibration sensor and is used for acquiring data information of the subway line vibration test; the second sensor is a cubic three-dimensional vibration sensor and is used for acquiring data information of the vibration test of the surrounding environment of the subway.
4. A method for monitoring subway induced vibration according to claim 3, wherein said first sensors are fixed on the wall surface of the tunnel lining of said subway line and are arranged at equal intervals of 4-6 along said subway line; the second sensors are fixed on the ground right above the subway line, and the number of the second sensors is 4-6.
5. The method of monitoring subway induced vibration as claimed in claim 1, wherein said method further comprises: and when the sensor continuously collects the real-time data, different test time periods are divided according to the subway operation interval.
6. A sensor fixing device for fixing the sensor for the vibration test of the surrounding environment of the subway as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein said sensor fixing device is rigidly connected with said sensor, and said sensor fixing device is rigidly connected with the ground.
7. The sensor fixture of claim 6, wherein the sensor fixture comprises a first link, a second link, a web, a threaded head, and a pointed head; the second connecting rod and the pointed end are of an integral structure and are fixed with the ground; the second connecting rod can slide in the first connecting rod to adjust the height of the sensor fixing device; the first connecting rod is fixedly connected with the connecting plate; the connecting plate is welded with the threaded head; the sensor fixing device is in threaded connection with the sensor through the threaded head.
8. The sensor fixture of claim 7, wherein the first link is a hollow rod having a length of 200 mm; the second connecting rod is a solid rod, and the length of the second connecting rod is 100 mm; the length of the tip is 50 mm.
9. The sensor fixing device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first connecting rod is provided with a round hole, and one end of the second connecting rod is welded with a telescopic buckle; the round hole is mutually matched with the buckle, and the second connecting rod can be fixed in the first connecting rod through the buckle and the round hole.
10. The sensor fixing device of claim 7, wherein the first link, the second link, the connecting plate, the screw head and the pointed tip are made of metal.
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| WO2022082882A1 (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-04-28 | 光华临港工程应用技术研发(上海)有限公司 | Vibration detecting instrument capable of adjusting length of detecting head |
| CN115262664A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-11-01 | 中煤江南建设发展集团有限公司 | Subway traffic near-field engineering pile monitoring device and method |
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