CN105700009A - Quasi-holographic dense monitoring system for forecast and fast reporting of earthquakes - Google Patents
Quasi-holographic dense monitoring system for forecast and fast reporting of earthquakes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105700009A CN105700009A CN201610090855.7A CN201610090855A CN105700009A CN 105700009 A CN105700009 A CN 105700009A CN 201610090855 A CN201610090855 A CN 201610090855A CN 105700009 A CN105700009 A CN 105700009A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005358 geomagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G01V1/01—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/20—Arrangements of receiving elements, e.g. geophone pattern
Abstract
The invention discloses a quasi-holographic dense monitoring system for forecast and fast reporting of earthquakes. The quasi-holographic dense monitoring system comprises ultra-microearthquake observation stations arranged at an interval of 10+/-5 km, strong earthquake observation stations arranged at an interval of 30+/-10 km, earthquake mass prediction and prevention centers set in prefecture-level cities, and provincial earthquake mass prediction and prevention centers that are built in all provinces, wherein the earthquake mass prediction and prevention centers set in prefecture-level cities are used for receiving and displaying in real time data information transmitted by the ultra-microearthquake observation stations and the strong earthquake observation stations, and the provincial earthquake mass prediction and prevention centers are used for receiving in real time the data information of earthquakes with a magnitude greater than 6 in prefecture-level cities. Thus an intensive quasi-holographic monitoring system for forecast and fast reporting of earthquakes is formed and can be used for monitoring local earthquakes with a magnitude ranging from -1 to +9. The quasi-holographic dense monitoring system is advantageous in that monitoring spots are densely arranged, earthquake information can be quickly obtained through networks, the position of the epicentral area of a local earthquake with a magnitude greater than 4 can be reported quickly within one minute with epicenter error being +/-5 km, and the efficiency of disaster rescue and relief work can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring system of a kind of earthquake, particularly to the intensive monitoring system of quasi-holographic of a kind of earthquake prediction and speed report。
Background technology
Since nearly half a century, the existing hundreds of thousands of them of China dies in earthquake disaster, and earthquake prediction work progress is slow, and its main cause has 2 points:
1) earthquake has very strong provincial characteristics, and each violent earthquake situation is different, the way that earthquake prediction is not all suitable for；
2) the front information of shake is very little, it is difficult to forecast。It is above the place that patent of the present invention needs to improve emphatically。
Earthquake has occurred that, it is necessary to determine epicentral location as early as possible, in order to rescue in time, but rapid earthquake information report generally needs dozens of minutes at present。This is the place that patent of the present invention needs to improve emphatically。
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide for a kind of earthquake prediction and the intensive monitoring system of quasi-holographic of speed report, the earthquake that earthquake magnitude is-1 grade to+9 grades that this locality occurs can be monitored, the epicentral intensity earthquake more than 4 degree, it is within one minute that speed calls time, earthquake centre error ± 5km。
In order to solve above technical problem, the invention provides a kind of earthquake prediction and the intensive monitoring system of quasi-holographic of speed report, including: intensive ultra microearthquake survey station, lay a ultra microearthquake survey station every 10 ± 5km spacing；
Strong-motion earthquake observation station, lays a strong-motion earthquake observation station every 30 ± 10km spacing；
Prefecture-level city is provided with earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center, the data message that ultra microearthquake survey station near real-time reception and strong-motion earthquake observation station are transmitted, and show this area earthquake intensity of the nearest period earthquake intensity scattergram more than 4 degree, earthquake development trend figure simultaneously and the earthquake epicenter scattergram in this area occurs, constitute prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center；
Each province is provided with province's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center, the earthquake intensity above-mentioned data message more than 6 in real-time reception prefecture-level city, form a quasi holographic earthquake prediction of intensity and the monitoring system of speed report, monitoring the earthquake of-1 grade to+9 grades, this area, and in one minute the position, epicentral area of rapid determination magnitude this area earthquake more than 4 degree。
Described ultra microearthquake survey station includes moving-coil type vibrating sensor, data acquisition unit and microprocessor, ultra microearthquake survey station is for monitoring the earthquake of-1 grade to+4 grades, this area, described moving-coil type vibrating sensor is embedded in the wellhole of outdoor, and earthquake motion information is sent to local microenvironment datatron by data acquisition unit, microprocessor differentiates trigger recording seismic waveform by shock event, and calculate earthquake intensity value, broadcasted by voice；For the earthquake intensity earthquake more than 4 degree, it is immediately communicated to prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center。
The natural frequency of described moving-coil type vibrating sensor is 10Hz。Being speed instrument characteristic when frequency f is more than 10Hz frequency range, transducing sensitivity nominal value is 300V s/m, when namely vibration velocity is 1m/s, produces 300V induction electromotive force, for monitoring the earthquake of-1 grade to+4 grades；It is the characteristic of smooth acceleration first order derivative when frequency f is less than 10Hz frequency range, bigger earthquake can be monitored in this frequency range。
Described strong-motion earthquake observation station includes becoming capacitive displacement transducer, data acquisition unit and microprocessor, strong-motion earthquake observation station is for monitoring the earthquake of+4 grades to+9 grades, this area, on described change capacitive displacement transducer earth's surface disposed within, earthquake motion information is sent to local microenvironment datatron by data acquisition unit, microprocessor differentiates trigger recording seismic waveform by shock event, calculate earthquake intensity value, be simultaneously transferred to prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center, and broadcasted by voice。
The natural frequency of described change capacitive displacement transducer is 80Hz。Having accelerograph characteristic under 80Hz to direct current (DC), transducing sensitivity nominal value is 200mv/g。
The sensing device of other relevant geophysics, geochemical information is also laid at described strong-motion earthquake observation station, as crust deformation, tilt, ground temperature, earth's magnetic field, infrasonic sound and radioactivity sensing device。
Owing to frequency of seismic wave is relevant with earthquake size, adopt above-mentioned dot spacing and above two vibrating sensor, the earthquake of local-1 grade to+9 grades can be monitored。
Described data acquisition unit sample rate every passage 1 sample/second is optional to 500 samples/second, 24 A/D conversions, is provided with optional 1-16 passage。
The microprocessor function at ultra microearthquake survey station and strong-motion earthquake observation station is to adopt seismic events triggering mode seismic waveform record on local microprocessor, and forms log file；Process function by local microenvironment and automatically calculate the earthquake intensity value more than 4 degree, and provide corresponding audio alert: " earthquake XX degree "。When earthquake intensity value is more than 4 degree, reported for work prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center by network immediately；When earthquake intensity value is more than 6 degree, reported for work provincial earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center by network immediately；Earthquake intensity value more than 8 degree, immediately by network report for work central authorities relevant department。Can consulting seismic events file in time at ultra microearthquake survey station and strong-motion earthquake observation station, observe seismic waveform, estimate earthquake centre distance according to ripple time difference in length and breadth, for monitoring point, the masses understand earthquake conditions。Seismic events file shake hinterland resumes prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center, for earthquake prediction work。
Superior effect of the present invention is in that:
1) present invention adopts interval about 10km to lay ultra microearthquake survey station, and interval about 30km lays strong-motion earthquake observation station, intensive has laid monitoring point, can promptly obtain earthquake information by network；
2) monitoring point that the present invention is intensive, according to INTENSITY DISTRIBUTION figure, can in one minute the position, epicentral area of rapid determination magnitude this area earthquake more than 4 degree, earthquake centre error ± 5km, improve the efficiency of rescue and relief work。
Accompanying drawing explanation
The Figure of description constituting the part of the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, is not intended that inappropriate limitation of the present invention。In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is principles of the invention block diagram；
Fig. 2 is the curve chart of lgN and M。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in detail, but the multitude of different ways that the present invention can be defined by the claims and cover is implemented。
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing。
Fig. 1 illustrates principles of the invention block diagram。As it is shown in figure 1, the invention provides a kind of earthquake prediction and the intensive monitoring system of quasi-holographic of speed report, including:
Intensive ultra microearthquake survey station, lays a ultra microearthquake survey station every 10 ± 5km spacing, i altogether；
Strong-motion earthquake observation station, lays a strong-motion earthquake observation station every 30 ± 10km spacing, j altogether；
Prefecture-level city is provided with earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center, the data message that ultra microearthquake survey station near real-time reception and strong-motion earthquake observation station are transmitted, and show this area earthquake intensity of the nearest period earthquake intensity scattergram more than 4 degree, earthquake development trend figure simultaneously and the earthquake epicenter scattergram in this area occurs, constitute prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center；
Each province is provided with province's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center, the earthquake intensity above-mentioned data message more than 6 in real-time reception prefecture-level city, form a quasi holographic earthquake prediction of intensity and the monitoring system of speed report, monitoring the earthquake of-1 grade to+9 grades, this area, and in one minute the position, epicentral area of rapid determination magnitude this area earthquake more than 4 degree。
Described ultra microearthquake survey station includes moving-coil type vibrating sensor, data acquisition unit and microprocessor, ultra microearthquake survey station is for monitoring the earthquake of-1 grade to+4 grades, this area, described moving-coil type vibrating sensor is embedded in the wellhole of outdoor, and earthquake motion information is sent to local microenvironment datatron by data acquisition unit, microprocessor differentiates trigger recording seismic waveform by shock event, and calculate earthquake intensity value, broadcasted by voice；For the earthquake intensity earthquake more than 4 degree, it is immediately communicated to prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center。
The natural frequency of described moving-coil type vibrating sensor is 10Hz。Being speed instrument characteristic when frequency f is more than 10Hz frequency range, transducing sensitivity nominal value is 300V s/m, when namely vibration velocity is 1m/s, produces 300V induction electromotive force, for monitoring the earthquake of-1 grade to+4 grades；It is the characteristic of smooth acceleration first order derivative when frequency f is less than 10Hz frequency range, bigger earthquake can be monitored in this frequency range。
Described moving-coil type vibrating sensor diameter only has 38mm, is embedded in the wellhole of outdoor, and after adding preposition amplification, signal passes to indoor record by cable。Wellhole Luoyang Spade is manually drawn and is dug, and digs the deep left and right of 5m, if digging basement rock, is just placed directly on basement rock。Meanwhile, this wellhole also can be placed to inclination sensor, crust deformation sensor and ground temperature sensor。Geomagnetic field sensors, infrasound sensor etc. are positioned over indoor。
Described strong-motion earthquake observation station includes becoming capacitive displacement transducer, data acquisition unit and microprocessor, strong-motion earthquake observation station is for monitoring the earthquake of+4 grades to+9 grades, this area, on described change capacitive displacement transducer earth's surface disposed within, earthquake motion information is sent to local microenvironment datatron by data acquisition unit, microprocessor differentiates trigger recording seismic waveform by shock event, calculate earthquake intensity value, be simultaneously transferred to prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center, and broadcasted by voice。
The natural frequency of described change capacitive displacement transducer is 80Hz。Having accelerograph characteristic under 80Hz to direct current (DC), transducing sensitivity nominal value is 200mv/g。
The sensing device of other relevant geophysics, geochemical information is also laid at described ultra microearthquake survey station and strong-motion earthquake observation station, as crust deformation, tilt, ground temperature, earth's magnetic field, infrasonic sound and radioactivity sensing device。These sensing devices are to monitor slow variable quantity, and sample rate adopts 10sps(sample/second), the total data transmitting one-time continuous to prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center in every 12 hours or 24 hours。
Owing to frequency of seismic wave is relevant with earthquake size, adopt above-mentioned dot spacing and above two vibrating sensor, the earthquake of local-1 grade to+9 grades can be monitored, it is achieved quasi-holographic is observed。
Described data acquisition unit sample rate every passage 1 sample/second is optional to 500 samples/second, 24 A/D conversions, is provided with optional 1-16 passage。
The microprocessor function at ultra microearthquake survey station and strong-motion earthquake observation station is to adopt seismic events triggering mode seismic waveform record on local microprocessor, and forms log file；Process function by local microenvironment and automatically calculate the earthquake intensity value more than 4 degree, and provide corresponding audio alert: " earthquake XX degree "。When earthquake intensity value is more than 4 degree, reported for work prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center by network immediately；When earthquake intensity value is more than 6 degree, reported for work provincial earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center by network immediately；Earthquake intensity value more than 8 degree, immediately by network report for work central authorities relevant department。Can consulting seismic events file in time at ultra microearthquake survey station and strong-motion earthquake observation station, observe seismic waveform, estimate earthquake centre distance according to ripple time difference in length and breadth, for monitoring point, the masses understand earthquake conditions。Seismic events file shake hinterland resumes prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center, for earthquake prediction work。
Prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center includes a display screen and shows the earthquake intensity occurred the recently earthquake intensity scattergram more than 4 degree throughout the year, the earthquake intensity value of each measuring point is represented with the round dot of different-diameter, different colours, and showing on GIS-Geographic Information System (GIS) figure, so that it is determined that epicentral area。
Prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center also includes a display screen and shows that the earthquake epicenter scattergram in this area occurs nearest certain time period throughout the year, and shows containing earthquake magnitude, and earthquake magnitude converts by the rule-of-thumb relation of epicentral intensity value with earthquake magnitude。
Prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center also includes a display screen and shows nearest a certain period (being defaulted as 7 days) earthquake development trend figure throughout the year, for work of forecasting earthquake, including N-t curve (relation curve of earthquake every day number of times and time), M-t figure (the largest magnitude earthquake of generation every day and the relation curve of time), and the relation curve of b value and time。
B value is the parameter that earthquake development trend is conventional, calculates by lgN=a+bM relation, as shown in Figure 2。B is slope, actually negative value。Take the data statistics of 7 days, every day one curve, every day one b value, every day all takes the value of first 7 days, namely within one day one, smooths。
N chooses, because the interval of M is with 0.5, e.g., 0.5 grade of these shelves, the number of times of the shake of all 0.5 ± 0.25 grade is all calculated at these shelves, the like。
A is intercept, the 10 of the times N of-1 grade ± 0.25 earthquake is namely the logarithm at the end in add up first 7 days this day。
Prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center also includes a display screen and shows measuring point scattergram throughout the year。
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations。All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention。
Claims (6)
1. the intensive monitoring system of quasi-holographic of earthquake prediction and speed report, including:
Intensive ultra microearthquake survey station, lays a ultra microearthquake survey station every 10 ± 5km spacing, and described ultra microearthquake survey station includes moving-coil type vibrating sensor, data acquisition unit and microprocessor, and described moving-coil type vibrating sensor is embedded in the wellhole of outdoor；
Strong-motion earthquake observation station, lays a strong-motion earthquake observation station every 30 ± 10km spacing, and described strong-motion earthquake observation station includes becoming capacitive displacement transducer, data acquisition unit and microprocessor, on described change capacitive displacement transducer earth's surface disposed within；
Prefecture-level city is provided with earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center, the data message that ultra microearthquake survey station near real-time reception and strong-motion earthquake observation station are transmitted, and show this area earthquake intensity of the nearest period earthquake intensity scattergram more than 4 degree, earthquake development trend figure simultaneously and the earthquake epicenter scattergram in this area occurs, constitute prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center；
Each province is provided with province's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center, the earthquake intensity above-mentioned data message more than 6 in real-time reception prefecture-level city, form a quasi holographic earthquake prediction of intensity and the monitoring system of speed report, monitoring the earthquake of-1 grade to+9 grades, this area, and in one minute the position, epicentral area of rapid determination magnitude this area earthquake more than 4 degree。
2. the intensive monitoring system of quasi-holographic of earthquake prediction according to claim 1 and speed report, it is characterized in that: described ultra microearthquake survey station is for monitoring the earthquake of-1 grade to+4 grades, this area, described moving-coil type vibrating sensor is embedded in the wellhole of outdoor, and earthquake motion information is sent to local microenvironment datatron by data acquisition unit, microprocessor differentiates trigger recording seismic waveform by shock event, and calculate earthquake intensity value, broadcasted by voice；For the earthquake intensity earthquake more than 4 degree, it is immediately communicated to prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center。
3. the intensive monitoring system of quasi-holographic of earthquake prediction according to claim 2 and speed report, it is characterised in that: the natural frequency of described moving-coil type vibrating sensor is 10Hz。
4. the intensive monitoring system of quasi-holographic of earthquake prediction according to claim 1 and speed report, it is characterized in that: described strong-motion earthquake observation station is for monitoring the earthquake of+4 grades to+9 grades, this area, on described change capacitive displacement transducer earth's surface disposed within, earthquake motion information is sent to local microenvironment datatron by data acquisition unit, microprocessor differentiates trigger recording seismic waveform by shock event, calculate earthquake intensity value, it is simultaneously transferred to prefecture-level city's earthquake mass presdiction and disaster prevention center, and is broadcasted by voice。
5. the intensive monitoring system of quasi-holographic of earthquake prediction according to claim 4 and speed report, it is characterised in that: the natural frequency of described change capacitive displacement transducer is 80Hz。
6. the intensive monitoring system of quasi-holographic of earthquake prediction according to claim 2 or 4 and speed report, it is characterised in that: described data acquisition unit sample rate every passage 1 sample/second is optional to 500 samples/second, 24 A/D conversions, is provided with optional 1-16 passage。
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109917456A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-21 | 山西省地震局 | Earthquake information rapid extracting method and system |
| CN111090114A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-01 | 廊坊市安次区龙港科技开发公司 | Global-range forecasting system for strong impending earthquake in seven days in future |
| CN112233382A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-15 | 成都市美幻科技有限公司 | Earthquake early warning broadcasting method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN112882089A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-01 | 太原美信达科技有限公司 | Earthquake forecasting system based on earth change magnetic field |
| CN113126143A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-16 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Portable micro-motion and strong-vibration real-time monitor system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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