CN111290442B - Method for scheduling safety channel of tower-type heliostat - Google Patents
Method for scheduling safety channel of tower-type heliostat Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
- G05D3/20—Control of position or direction using feedback using a digital comparing device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for scheduling a safe channel for a tower-type heliostat, which belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation technology and comprises the following steps: setting the setting position coordinates Pos _1[ U ], [ V ], [ W ] of the heliostat]The central coordinates R0, h of the heat absorber rec ]Height h of the top of the column tower (ii) a The heliostat adopts double standby points and divides the double standby points into a main priority standby point and a sub-optimal priority standby point, and the double standby points are positioned on the same standby ring, so that: the master priority reserve point Pos _2[ x2, y2, h rec ]The second priority backup point Pos _5[ x5 ], [ y5 ],h rec ](ii) a Designing and calculating safe channel process points Pos _3 and Pos _4, and Pos _4= [ x ] 5 ,y 5 ,h tower ]，Pos_3＝[0,0,h]Wherein
The execution sequence is Pos _5, pos _4, pos _3 to Pos _1, and a safe channel of the heliostat between a suboptimal-priority standby point and a placement position is formed, so that the aim of providing guarantee for safe operation of a power station is fulfilled by designing and planning the operation track of the heliostat to avoid power station buildings and equipment outside a heating surface of a heat absorber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation technology, and particularly relates to a method for scheduling a safe channel of a tower-type heliostat.
Background
The tower type solar thermal power generation technology is characterized in that a large number of heliostats which independently track the sun are utilized to reflect solar radiation to a heat absorber arranged at the top of a high tower to heat working media in the heat absorber, so that the heat energy of a high-temperature medium is utilized to generate power, and the tower type solar thermal power generation technology has the advantages of large light condensation ratio and high operating temperature.
In a tower-type solar thermal power generation system, heliostats track the sun under the control of corresponding control systems and concentrate solar energy to a heat absorber located at the top of the tower. The energy reflected by thousands of heliostats can reach the high temperature of more than 500 ℃, and a heat absorber, a header, a protection plate, a calibration target and the like are integrated on the heat absorption tower, so that the high temperature has great influence on the safety of equipment, the control requirement is higher, and a control system is required to strictly control the solar energy focused by a mirror field to the heat absorber or a standby point so as to protect the safe operation of other equipment on a tower body and the tower. However, in the scheduling process of the heliostat group, the reflected light spots may be superposed and focused on the heat absorption tower body and its accessory devices (such as cables, etc.), which brings potential safety hazards to the heat absorption tower and its devices on the tower.
In a tower-type photo-thermal power station, in the tracking operation process of thousands of heliostats, particularly in the moving process of the heliostats between a placement position and a heat absorber, reflected light spots of the heliostats are easy to focus, so that the temperature of a focusing area is overhigh, if the focusing area is formed on a heat absorption tower body and auxiliary equipment thereof, potential safety hazards are brought to the heat absorption tower and the equipment on the tower, and the safety operation of the power station is not allowed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for scheduling a safe passage for a tower-type heliostat, so as to achieve the purpose of planning the operation trajectory of the heliostat so as to avoid power station buildings and equipment outside the heating surface of the heat absorber, and provide guarantee for the safe operation of the power station.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for tower heliostat dispatch safe aisles, the method comprising:
setting the setting position coordinates Pos _1[ U ], [ V ], [ W ] of the heliostat]The central coordinates R0, h of the heat absorber rec ]Absorb heatHeight h of the top of the column tower ；
The heliostat adopts double standby points and divides the double standby points into a main priority standby point and a sub-optimal priority standby point, and the double standby points are positioned on the same standby ring, so that: the master priority reserve point Pos _2[ x2, y2, h rec ]The second priority backup point Pos _5[ x5 ], [ y5 ],h rec ]；
Designing and calculating safe channel process points Pos _3 and Pos _4, and Pos _4= [ x ] 5 ,y 5 ,h tower ]，Pos_3＝[0,0,h]Wherein
And forming a safe channel of the heliostat between the next-priority standby point and the placement position by using the execution sequence of Pos _5, pos _4, pos _3 to Pos _ 1.
Furthermore, the virtual standby points which are arranged near the heat absorber and are used for the heliostat to go in and out of the heat absorber are used as standby points, the standby points are respectively arranged on two sides of the heat absorber to form the double standby points, so that the phenomenon that the light spots pass through the critical areas when the light spots leave the surface of the heat absorber is prevented, the local overtemperature phenomenon is likely to be caused, and the service life of the heat absorber is influenced by frequent thermal fatigue loss.
Furthermore, the main priority standby point meets the condition that a reflection light spot does not pass through a heat absorption tower in the process that the heliostat moves from the installation position to the main priority standby point, and the heliostat does not need a safety channel between the main priority standby point and the installation position; the other standby point is a sub-optimal standby point, so that the problem that the heliostat needs to select one standby point for standby when the heliostat field is started is solved.
Furthermore, the installation position of the heliostat is a preset posture of the heliostat during non-operation and optical safety or a preset posture of the heliostat during strong wind for wind shielding installation.
Furthermore, a forbidden zone mathematical model is established in the inaccessible area around the heat absorption tower and the power generation island according to the reflection light spots of the heliostat in the scheduling process, and the range of the spare circle is larger than the range of the corresponding forbidden zone mathematical model, so that the reflection light spots of the heliostat can not be projected on power station buildings, equipment and the heat absorption tower except for the specified heating surface and the calibration target.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. by adopting the method for scheduling the safe channels for the tower-type heliostats, provided by the invention, the safe channels can be designed for each heliostat, and the safe channels can quickly reach the scheduling target end point by the shortest path on the premise of avoiding forbidden zones of heat absorption towers and other equipment outside a heated area in the operation process of the heliostats, so that the method has the advantages of safety, reliability and shortest path scheduling, and the aim of guaranteeing the safe operation of a power station is provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a forbidden zone mathematical model in a method for scheduling a safe passage for a tower heliostat provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a safety corridor during operation of a heliostat in the method for scheduling the safety corridor for a tower-type heliostat provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of FIG. 2 in the direction F;
the figures are labeled as follows:
1-power generation island, 2-heat absorption tower, 3-power generation island exclusion zone, 4-heat absorption tower exclusion zone, 5-heliostat, 6-heat absorption tower, 7-heat absorber, 8-standby ring, pos _ 1-heliostat placement position, pos _ 2-main priority standby point, pos _ 3-first safe passage process point, pos _ 4-second safe passage process point, pos _ 5-sub priority standby point.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar modules or modules having the same or similar functionality throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the application include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
Example 1
The noun defines:
(1) Heliostat installation position: the heliostat is divided into two types, wherein one type is an optical safe parking gesture of the heliostat when not working, and the other type is a wind-sheltering arrangement gesture of the heliostat when in strong wind;
(2) Heliostat standby point: the system comprises a heat absorber, a plurality of heliostats, a plurality of solar collectors and a plurality of heat absorbers, wherein the heliostats are arranged on the two sides of the heat absorber;
(3) Absorber target point: the designated day lens is aimed at a target point on the heat sink during operation.
During normal operation of the mirror field of the tower-type photothermal power station, the moving target of the heliostat is closely related to the heliostat installation position, the heliostat standby point and the heliostat target point, or in fact, the heliostat is the target switching among the three. The heliostat must pass through a safe channel to avoid the reflected light spot of the heliostat from being focused on a power generation island building, a heat absorption tower, auxiliary equipment thereof and the like in the switching process of the three types of target points. The tower type photo-thermal power station comprises a heliostat, a heat absorption tower and a heat absorber arranged on the heat absorption tower, wherein the heat absorption tower is vertically arranged at the central position of the power generation island, and the heliostat aims at a target point on the heat absorber in the operation process.
Because the principle of proximity is adopted when each heliostat withdraws from a heat absorber target point to a heliostat standby point, a part of heliostats are withdrawn to a suboptimal priority standby point, and if the part of heliostats return to the heliostat installation position, the part of heliostats can sweep the heat absorption tower body/heat absorber, which is not allowed, so that a safety channel needs to be arranged to ensure that the heliostats are withdrawn according to the safety channel. And the heliostat aiming at the main standby point can be directly switched between the heliostat setting position and the main priority standby point without a safety channel.
According to the method, in the scheduling process of the heliostat, a reflection light spot of the heliostat cannot be projected to a power station building, equipment and a heat absorption tower except a specified heating surface and a calibration target, a forbidden zone mathematical model is established in a region where the reflection light spot cannot enter around the heat absorption tower and a power generation island, as shown in fig. 1, and the range of a spare circle is larger than the range of the corresponding forbidden zone mathematical model, so that a basis is provided for setting the position of a spare point through the forbidden zone mathematical model, the design and calculation method of the spare point is not the improvement point of the technical scheme in the embodiment, the coordinates of the spare point of the heliostat can be calculated by adopting the existing mode of the technicians in the field, and the details are not repeated here.
Based on the above, in this embodiment, a method for scheduling a safe passage for a tower-type heliostat is specifically provided, taking a certain heliostat in a mirror field of a certain tower-type photothermal power station as an example, the method includes:
1. setting the coordinates Pos _1[ U ], [ V ], [ W ] of the heliostat installation position]The heliostat installation position is a preset attitude which is optically safe when the heliostat does not work, is stored in the heliostat local controller, and is only one installation instruction in the safe channel; let the central coordinate R0, h of the heat absorber rec ]Let the height h of the top of the heat absorption tower tower (ii) a The coordinate design and calculation of the heliostat installation position are not the improvement point of the technical scheme in the embodiment, and the coordinate of the heliostat installation position can be calculated by adopting the existing mode of the technical personnel in the field, which is not described herein again.
2. The virtual standby points which are arranged near the heat absorber and enter and exit the heat absorber by the heliostat are used as standby points, and the standby points are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the heat absorber to form the double standby points. Based on the consideration of safe defocusing of the heat absorber, double standby points are adopted, because the surface temperature of the heat absorber is higher and the local position temperature is likely to tend to critical values in the operation process of a mirror field, if light spots pass through the critical areas when the surface of the heat absorber is withdrawn, the local overtemperature phenomenon is likely to be caused, the service life of the heat absorber is affected by frequent thermal fatigue loss, the double standby points on the left side and the right side are adopted, the heliostat can be withdrawn to the nearest standby point when the heliostat is withdrawn to the standby point, and the problem can be reduced to a certain extent.
When the heliostat field is started, in order to overcome the problem that the heliostat needs to select one standby point for standby, the heliostat adopts double standby points and divides the double standby points into a main priority standby point and a secondary priority standby point, the double standby points are positioned on the same standby ring, and the standby ring and the central axis of the heat absorption tower are concentrically arranged.
Order: the master priority reserve point Pos _2[ x2, y2, h rec ]The second priority backup point Pos _5[ x5 ], [ y5 ],h rec ](ii) a The main priority backup point meets the condition that a reflection light spot does not pass through a heat absorption tower in the process that the heliostat moves from the heliostat mounting position to the main priority backup point, and the heliostat does not need a safety channel between the main priority backup point and the heliostat mounting position; the other standby point is a second-priority standby point; since the primary priority alternate point Pos _2 and the secondary priority alternate point Pos _5 are both located on the same alternate circle, therefore,
wherein r _ standby represents the radius of the standby ring, namely the distance from the standby point to the center of the heat absorber; d _ hel _ tower represents the distance between the heliostat and the heat absorption tower,
3. designing and calculating a first safe channel process point Pos _3 and a second safe channel process point Pos _4, wherein Pos _4= [ x = [) 5 ,y 5 ,h tower ]Namely Pos _4 is positioned right above the secondary priority standby point Pos _5 and on the height plane of the top of the heat absorption tower;
pos _3 is a position right above the heat absorption tower, and the coordinates thereof are Pos _3= [0, h]The calculation process is as follows: (h-h) tower ) H = r _ standby/D _ hel _ tower, then h = (D _ hel _ tower = h) tower ) /(D _ hel _ tower-r _ standby), therefore, take
In practical application, pos _3 may be a height greater than the calculated value h.
4. Forming a safe channel of the heliostat between a secondary priority standby point and a setting position by the execution sequence of Pos _5, pos _4, pos _3 to Pos _1, wherein the execution path of the safe channel is as follows: the heliostat is evacuated to a suboptimal priority standby point from a heliostat target point by a near principle, the suboptimal priority standby point is moved to a second safe passage process point Pos _4, the second safe passage process point Pos _4 is moved to a first safe passage process point Pos _3, and then the heliostat is evacuated to a heliostat installation position Pos _1 from the first safe passage process point Pos _3, and in the process, the heliostat cannot sweep through a heat absorption tower body/a heat absorber, so that the safety operation of the power station is guaranteed.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Further, in the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" means at least two unless otherwise specified.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps in the process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.
It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.
Claims (2)
1. A method for tower heliostat dispatch safe aisles, the method comprising:
setting the setting position coordinates Pos _1[ U ], [ V ], [ W ] of the heliostat]The central coordinates R0, h of the heat absorber rec ]Height h of the top of the column tower ；
The heliostat adopts double standby points and divides the double standby points into a main priority standby point and a sub-optimal priority standby point, and the double standby points are positioned on the same standby ring, so that: main priority backup Point Pos _2[ x ] 2 ,y 2 ,h rec ]The second priority backup point Pos _5[ x ] 5 ,y 5 ,h rec ]；
Designing and calculating safe channel process points Pos _3 and Pos _4, and Pos _4= [ x ] 5 ,y 5 ,h tower ]，Pos_3＝[0,0,h]Wherein
Wherein U represents an x-axis coordinate of a location where the heliostat is installed, V represents a y-axis coordinate of the location where the heliostat is installed, W represents a z-axis coordinate of the location where the heliostat is installed, hrec represents a z-axis coordinate of the center of the heat absorber, and x 2 X-axis coordinate, y, representing primary priority alternate points 2 Y-axis coordinate, x, representing primary priority alternate points 5 X-axis coordinate, y, representing secure channel process point Pos _4 5 Y-axis coordinates representing a safe channel process point Pos _ 4;
forming a safe channel of the heliostat between a secondary priority standby point and a setting position by using the execution sequence of Pos _5, pos _4, pos _3 to Pos _ 1;
the heliostat enters and exits the heat absorber, and a virtual standby point arranged near the heat absorber is taken as a standby point, and the two standby points are respectively arranged on two sides of the heat absorber to form the double standby points;
the main priority standby point meets the condition that a reflection light spot does not pass through a heat absorption tower in the process that the heliostat moves from the installation position to the main priority standby point, and the heliostat does not need a safety channel between the main priority standby point and the installation position; the other standby point is a second-priority standby point;
the installation position of the heliostat is a preset posture of the heliostat during non-operation and optical safety or a preset posture of the heliostat during strong wind for wind shielding installation.
2. The method for scheduling the safe passage for the tower-type heliostat according to claim 1, wherein a forbidden zone mathematical model is established according to the inaccessible area of the reflection light spot of the heliostat around the heat absorption tower and the power generation island in the scheduling process, and the range of the standby ring is larger than the range of the corresponding forbidden zone mathematical model.
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