CN105469160B - The fan-shaped heliostat field method for arranging of tower type solar - Google Patents
The fan-shaped heliostat field method for arranging of tower type solar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of fan-shaped heliostat field method for arranging of tower type solar is proposed, heliostat layout optimization technical field is belonged to, which comprises step S1 determines heliostat characteristic size Dm；Step S2 determines the minimum range L of heliostat and power tower in Jing Chang arrangementminWith maximum distance Lmax；Heliostat field is divided into two-part Optimization Factor ρ according to distance based on the latitude determination in heliostat field location by step S3；Step S4 is located at L in heliostat at a distance from power towermin~ρ × HtowerBetween when using being suitble to small-scale Jing Chang and extensive Jing Chang to be arranged close to the method for arranging of the heliostat array of power tower；It is located at ρ × H at a distance from power tower in heliostattower~LmaxBetween when using being suitble to extensive Jing Chang to be arranged far from the method for arranging of the heliostat array of power tower.This method combines two different method for arranging that arrangement is optimized to conventional sector Jing Chang according to the different characteristics of loss of solar irradiance, improves heliostat field integrated optical efficiency.
Description
Technical field
This application involves heliostat field placement technique field more particularly to a kind of fan-shaped heliostat field cloth of tower type solar
Set method.
Background technique
Photo-thermal solar energy is to collect solar radiant energy using light and heat collection system, is translated into thermal energy；Solar energy is first
High temperature heat-carrying agent is heated, then water is heated into superheated steam by heat exchange by high temperature heat-carrying working medium, in conjunction with other process systems,
Achieve the purpose that heat supply, steam supply and power generation.This solar energy utilization system there are one advantage, exactly using melt the media such as salt will
Solar energy is stored in the form of thermal energy energy-storage system, is released again when needs.Solar energy tower type generates electricity
The tower system of application.Tower system is also known as integrated system.It is that many large sizes are housed too on the place of very large area
Positive energy reflecting mirror, commonly referred to as heliostat, every each all is equipped with follower and sunlight reflection is accurately focused on one
On recipient at the top of high tower.Concentration magnification on recipient can be more than 1000 times.The solar energy of absorption is converted herein
It is transmitted to working medium at thermal energy, then by thermal energy, by accumulation of heat link, then inputs heat power machine, expansion workmanship drives generator, finally
It is exported in the form of electric energy.Mainly it is made of parts such as optically focused subsystem, collection thermal sub-system, heat accumulation subsystem, power generation sub-systems.
Heliostat is the Optical devices that the light of the sun or other celestial bodies is reflected into fixed-direction, also known as siderostat.
Solar energy has the advantages that abundant, universal and harmless.It is resourceful, it is inexhaustible, nexhaustible；Without territory restriction,
It can directly develop, utilize, without exploitation and transport；Development and utilization solar energy will not cause any pollution to environment, be most to clean
One of energy.But the dispersibility of solar radiation is strong, energy-flux density is lower；One must can be just obtained with conversion equipment by collecting
Determine the energy of power.In the solar energy techniques route that existing slot type, tower, dish-style and linear Fresnel formula are representative
In, tower power station high, thermal technology's high conversion efficiency with its collecting efficiency, system overall efficiency is high, and cost reduction space is big, is suitble to big
The advantages that sizable application and become photo-thermal industry future large-scale application Main way.Simultaneously with this, tower photo-thermal power station
Because the setting layout and tracing control of its heliostat field are complex, still need the breakthrough of the relevant technologies at present.Tower type solar
The basic principle of photo-thermal power generation is to form reflecting mirror field by large number of, orderly aligned heliostat, regards position tracking in the sun
Azimuth and elevation angle under the control of system by adjusting individual mirrors face each in mirror field, carry out reflected solar radiation, will
Solar radiation energy accurately converges to the heat collector for being set to power tower top.Heat collector absorbs solar radiation energy, with the energy
Heat-carrying working medium is heated, high temperature and high pressure gas, the power generation of pushing turbine group are generated.Solar radiation of the heliostat field based on arrangement aspect
Loss mainly has: heliostat array screen hides and tower shadow screen hides.In middle high latitude area, light reflection certainly exists cosine losses,
Latitude is higher, and loss is bigger, and the tower heliostat field in this kind of area generallys use sector mirror field arrangement, i.e. heliostat field
Sector is arranged in central power tower north side (for the Southern Hemisphere, then heliostat field sector is arranged in central power tower southern side).
In recent years, research and exemplary assay of the China in terms of photo-thermal solar energy also has made great progress, photo-thermal hair
The localization rate of parts and components of electric equipment also steps up.Heliostat field by it is a series of can track the sun operating mirror condensers arrangement and
At being the key subsystem at tower type solar energy thermal power generation station, the cost of investment of Jing Chang accounts for about the 50% of power station overall cost of ownership.Mesh
Preceding China is still in infancy for the technology of heliostat field arrangement.Solar radiation dispersibility is strong, and energy-flux density is lower to ask
Topic can not overcome, at present heliostat field loss in efficiency about 30%~40%, and with the increase of mirror field scale, loss in efficiency
Also increase.Therefore, by improving the focusing ratio of photo-thermal solar power station light field, the loss during reduction solar radiation collection is
It is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, proposes a kind of suitable for the tower sun in middle high latitude area
Can photo-thermal power generation, heating system heliostat field design arrangement method.
It is described according to an aspect of the present invention, it proposes a kind of fan-shaped heliostat field method for arranging of tower type solar
Method includes: step S1, determines heliostat characteristic size Dm；Step S2 determines that heliostat and power tower are most in Jing Chang arrangement
Small distance LminWith maximum distance Lmax；Step S3 is determined heliostat field based on the latitude in heliostat field location according to distance
Distance is divided into two-part Optimization Factor ρ；Step S4 is located at L in heliostat at a distance from power towermin~ρ × HtowerBetween
Shi Caiyong is suitble to small-scale Jing Chang and extensive Jing Chang to be arranged close to the method for arranging of the heliostat array of power tower；?
Heliostat is located at ρ × H at a distance from power towertower~LmaxBetween when using be suitble to extensive Jing Chang far from the settled date of power tower
The method for arranging of lens array is arranged.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the step S1, the heliostat characteristic size Dm is heliostat diagonal line
Length and predetermined constant and.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the predetermined constant is 0.3m.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the step S2, using following formula determine Jing Chang arrangement in heliostat with
The minimum range L of power towerminWith maximum distance Lmax:
Lmin=0.75 × Htower；Lmax=7.5 × Htower；
Wherein, LminFor the minimum range of heliostat and power tower, LmaxFor the maximum distance of heliostat and power tower, Htower
For power tower height degree.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it in the step S3, is determined heliostat field using following formula according to distance
Distance is divided into two-part Optimization Factor ρ:
ρ=σ × 6.75+0.75
In formula:
Lat is the latitude in heliostat field location,
σ is latitude impact factor, between 30 ° of middle high latitude, that is, north and south latitude Dao 90 ° of north and south latitude, 0.1≤σ≤
0.3。
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the step S4, it is located at L at a distance from power tower in heliostatmin~ρ
×HtowerBetween when be arranged using fan-shaped interlaced arrangement mode corresponding with following first formula groups:
Wherein:
Δ R is coaxial adjacent settled date mirror spacing,
ΔAzFor the adjacent settled date mirror spacing of same ring,
DmFor heliostat characteristic size,
atFor power column overhead heat collector elevation angle,
HtowerFor tower height,
HhelFor heliostat spindle central height,
RADIUS is heliostat at a distance from power tower center.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the step S4, it is located at ρ × H at a distance from power tower in heliostattower
~LmaxBetween when be arranged using fan-shaped interlaced arrangement mode corresponding with following second formula groups:
Wherein:
Δ R is coaxial adjacent settled date mirror spacing, and definition is identical as in formula group 5,
ΔAzFor the adjacent settled date mirror spacing of same ring, definition is identical as in formula group 5,
θtFor power column overhead heat collector zenith angle,
HM is that heliostat is long,
WM is that heliostat is wide,
HtowerFor tower height,
RADIUS is heliostat at a distance from power tower center.
According to an aspect of the present invention, wherein the RADIUS of the first covering of the fan is Lmin, first heliostat position of the first covering of the fan
In power tower due north or due south direction；The Δ A for corresponding to the first covering of the fan is determined according to the first formula groupzWith Δ R, according to Δ AzWith
The position of first heliostat determines the position of other heliostats of the first covering of the fan；The is determined according to the Δ R for corresponding to the first covering of the fan
The first heliostat of the RADIUS of three covering of the fans, third covering of the fan are located at power tower due north or due south direction, true according to the first formula group
Surely correspond to the Δ A of third covering of the fanzWith Δ R, other heliostats of third covering of the fan are determined in the way of identical with the first covering of the fan
Position, and the RADIUS of the 5th covering of the fan is determined according to the Δ R for corresponding to third covering of the fan, and so on determine and all be located at Lmin
~ρ × HtowerBetween other odd number covering of the fans heliostat arrangement；Second covering of the fan is located among first and third covering of the fan to really
The RADIUS of fixed second covering of the fan, first heliostat of the second covering of the fan are located at adjacent two heliostats of the first covering of the fan and power tower angle
Angular bisector on, and determine according to the first formula group position and the 4th covering of the fan of other heliostats of the second covering of the fan
RADIUS, and so on determine it is all be located at Lmin~ρ × HtowerBetween other even number covering of the fans heliostat arrangement.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in ρ × Htower~LmaxIn the range of covering of the fan i.e. nearest with power tower
For n covering of the fan, RADIUS value is ρ × Htower, to calculate the θ of the n-th covering of the fan according to the second formula groupt, θ is calculated laterL、
Δ R and Δ Az；Determine that first heliostat of the n-th covering of the fan is located at power tower due north or due south direction according to n is odd number or even number
Or it is located on the adjacent heliostat of front-seat covering of the fan and the angular bisector of power tower angle, according to Δ AzDetermine its of the n-th covering of the fan
The position of his heliostat determines the RADIUS of the n-th+2 covering of the fan according to Δ R, and so on determine the n-th+2 covering of the fan heliostat arrangement
And other are located at Lmin~ρ × HtowerBetween the n-th+2k covering of the fan heliostat arrangement, k is integer greater than 1；(n+1)th covering of the fan
Determine that the RADIUS of the (n+1)th covering of the fan, first heliostat of the (n+1)th covering of the fan are arranged in n-th among the n-th and n-th+2 covering of the fan
On the angular bisector of adjacent two heliostats of covering of the fan and power tower angle, according to the RADIUS of the (n+1)th covering of the fan and the second formula
Group calculates θt、θL, Δ R and Δ AzThe n-th+3 covering of the fan is arranged and determined to other heliostats of the (n+1)th covering of the fan
RADIUS, and so on determine the n-th+3 covering of the fan heliostat arrangement and other be located at Lmin~ρ × HtowerBetween the n-th+2k+
The heliostat of 1 covering of the fan is arranged, and k is the integer greater than 1.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it excludes and the line at power tower center and power tower due south or direct north
Heliostat of the angle except [- 60 °, 60 °] range.
It can be seen that the present invention combines two different method for arranging to tradition according to the different characteristics of loss of solar irradiance
Arrangement is optimized in sector mirror field, improves heliostat field integrated optical efficiency, the reality for keeping tower type solar system more efficient
Existing photo-thermal solar-heating, power generation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 illustrates three kinds of arrangements of current tower heliostat field；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of mirror features size；
Fig. 3 is coaxial settled date mirror spacing and the schematic diagram with ring settled date mirror spacing；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for the heliostat arrangement arranged using method proposed by the present invention；
Fig. 5 is to illustrate the flow chart of each step of method proposed by the invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the arrangement of tower heliostat field generally comprises the arrangements side such as fan-shaped, parallel and round at present
Formula, for every kind of arrangement, and there are alternation sum noninterlaces to arrange two ways.For example, Spain's Ji Ma power station is adopted
Parallel arrangement scheme, the Chinese Academy of Sciences are used with circular arrangement scheme, CSIR, Australian National Inst Energiteknik O
Electrician research institute Badaling solar energy experiment power station, the power station Spain PS10 and PS20 are all made of fan-shaped arrangement.
Mainly in the optimization design of heliostat field, the design object of heliostat field exists the technological innovation trend of heliostat field
In raising mirror field efficiency as far as possible.Improve efficiency the optical-electronic transfer efficiency that solar tower-type thermal power station can be improved.Jing Chang
Optical efficiency may be expressed as:
ηfield=ηref×ηcos×ηbs×ηat.tr×ηint(formula 1)
In formula:
ηfieldFor mirror field optics efficiency
ηrefFor mirror-reflection efficiency,
ηcosFor cosine efficiency,
ηbsFor shade and light-blocking efficiency,
ηat.trEfficiency is penetrated for atmosphere,
ηintFor cut-off efficiency.
The reflection efficiency of Jing Chang can be set as constant, unrelated with mirror field structure, and other efficiency Xiang Junyu mirror field structures are related,
It to give in the optimization design of mirror field in consideration.Heliostat field loss in efficiency about 30%~40% at present, and with the increasing of mirror field scale
Greatly, project location latitude is higher, and loss in efficiency is also bigger.
The present invention is based on the optimization designs by arranging to Jing Chang, reduce shade and eclipsing loss, improve represented by formula 1
Jing Chang optical efficiency.Method for arranging proposed by the present invention is carried out below by one or more exemplary embodiments detailed
It introduces.
Step S1 determines heliostat characteristic size Dm.To ensure that each adjacent heliostat is annual in the design process of mirror field
Without mechanical collision in operational process.Heliostat catercorner length (by the long HM of heliostat minute surface, the wide WM of heliostat minute surface is acquired,
HM, WM are respectively the length and width of following figure rectangle) on additionally to increase predetermined constant such as 0.3m be heliostat characteristic size Dm.Fig. 2
In, rectangle indicates the practical mirror surface size of heliostat, and internal layer annulus indicates that the practical rotational circle of mirror surface, outer layer annulus indicate the settled date
Mirror characteristic size Dm.
Step S2 determines the minimum range L of heliostat and power tower in Jing Chang arrangementminWith maximum distance Lmax。
Position of the mirror surface in mirror field is positioned generally relative to power tower.As power tower height degree HtowerOne timing, it is fixed
The minimum range L of solar eyepiece and power towermin(i.e. under fan-shaped arrangement with heliostat of the power tower on nearest covering of the fan and dynamic
Spacing between power tower center) it is closer, heliostat is at a distance from power tower and the ratio of tower height is smaller, and RADIATION ANGLE COEFFICIENT is smaller,
Absorption efficiency is lower；The maximum distance L of heliostat and power towermax(with power tower apart from farthest covering of the fan i.e. under sector arrangement
On heliostat and power tower center between spacing) it is remoter, heliostat is at a distance from power tower and the ratio of tower height is bigger, light
Defocus it is bigger, by particulate in air scattering energy it is more.So science, it is efficient choose the nearest ring of heliostat field with most
Remote ring heliostat is extremely important at a distance from power tower center, and heliostat layout area is preferably between [Lmin,Lmax] between, it sees below
Formula.
Lmin=0.75 × Htower；Lmax=7.5 × Htower(formula 2)
In formula:
LminFor the minimum range of heliostat and power tower,
LmaxFor the maximum distance of heliostat and power tower,
HtowerFor power tower height degree.
Heliostat field is divided into two parts according to distance based on the latitude determination in heliostat field location by step S3
Optimization Factor ρ.
Current most classical and widest arrangement is that fan beam is staggered distribution, and the algorithm is earliest by Lipps
It is proposed with Vont-Hull.It is directed to middle high latitude area, this method is using a kind of compound formula with Optimization Factor ρ come to fixed
Solar eyepiece field radiates the distribution that is staggered, and improves mirror field efficiency.
Its codomain is 0.1≤σ≤0.3 (formula 3)
ρ=σ × 6.75+0.75 (formula 4)
In formula:
Lat is the latitude in heliostat field location,
σ is latitude impact factor.
ρ is Optimization Factor,
Weft where the north south tropic moves on to most north south when being subsolar point recurrent mutation when, latitude numerical value etc.
In ecliptic obliquity, that weft (tropic of cancer: 23.5 ° of N, 23.5 ° of S of the tropic of Capricorn) that latitude is 23.5 °.The annual winter solstice,
Latitude of the subsolar point in the Southern Hemisphere reaches maximum, at this time exactly midsummer in the Southern Hemisphere, and hereafter subsolar point is gradually moved northward,
And always in the neighbouring loopy moving again and again between 23 ° of 26 ' two neighbouring parallel of latitude of north latitude of 23 ° 26 ' of south latitude.
Middle latitude is between 30 ° of north south latitude to 60 ° of north south latitude, is high latitude between 60 ° of north south latitude to 90 ° of north south latitude
Degree.Be directed to middle high latitude area, sunray whole year can not direct projection, so this method designed latitude impact factor σ, will optimize
Factor ρ value is restricted to middle high latitude area, is optimized with this specifically for this area's method for arranging.
Step S4 is located at L in heliostat at a distance from power towermin~ρ × HtowerBetween when using being suitble to small-scale Jing Chang
And extensive Jing Chang is arranged close to the method for arranging of the heliostat array of power tower；In heliostat at a distance from power tower
Positioned at ρ × Htower~LmaxBetween when using be suitble to extensive Jing Chang far from the heliostat array of power tower method for arranging carry out
Arrangement.Heliostat field is subjected to sub-module cooperation arrangement using both methods, is conducive to play the respective of both methods
Advantage makes up the limitation of each method itself, keeps heliostat field global optimization flexible, more efficient.
In the following, being illustrated using an example to step S4 referring to Fig. 3.
Step S4.1 is located at L in heliostat at a distance from power towermin~ρ × HtowerBetween when using shown in formula group 5
Method for arranging be arranged:
(formula group 5)
Wherein:
Δ R is coaxial adjacent settled date mirror spacing, as shown in figure 3, since the present invention is using fan-shaped interlaced arrangement mode,
Coaxial adjacent heliostat is two to be located along the same line in intermediate two covering of the fans for being only spaced a covering of the fan with power tower center
A heliostat, the spacing between them are Δ R,
ΔAzFor the adjacent settled date mirror spacing of same ring, as shown in figure 3, being located at the adjacent of same covering of the fan with the adjacent heliostat of ring
Two heliostats, spacing between them is Δ Az,
DmFor heliostat characteristic size,
atFor power column overhead heat collector elevation angle (heliostat center and power column overhead heat collector line and horizontal plane
Angle),
HtowerFor tower height,
HhelFor heliostat spindle central height,
RADIUS is heliostat at a distance from power tower center.
According to one embodiment, for the first covering of the fan, RADIUS value can be Lmin, so as to calculate at, can calculate later
Δ A outz, in the due south (southern heliostat is i.e. for the heliostat of the Southern Hemisphere) at power tower center or direct north (northern heliostat
I.e. for the heliostat of the Northern Hemisphere) arrange first heliostat with the intersection of the first covering of the fan after, other heliostats can be based on Δ
AzIt is successively arranged in its left and right.Then Δ R can be calculated, and obtains the specific location of third covering of the fan, third can be obtained
The arrangement of third covering of the fan can be obtained according to identical method by the RADOIS of covering of the fan, and so on.Second covering of the fan is come
It says, due to for fan-shaped interlaced arrangement mode, then the second covering of the fan can be located among first and third covering of the fan to determine RADIUS, and
And its first heliostat can be disposed at adjacent two heliostats of the first covering of the fan (such as the first covering of the fan first heliostat and the left side or
The adjacent heliostat in the right) on the angular bisector of power tower angle, a is then calculated according to the RADIUS of the second covering of the fant、ΔAz
Etc. parameters other heliostats of the second covering of the fan are arranged, the 4th covering of the fan can be arranged according to the second covering of the fan, as third
Covering of the fan is arranged like that according to the first covering of the fan, and which is not described herein again.In this way, can lay out positioned at Lmin~ρ × HtowerBetween
Heliostat.This example is only the property illustrated, and those skilled in the art can arrange out the different settled dates according to above-mentioned formula group
Lens array, such as the specific location of the first covering of the fan can be determined as to other positions and determine first heliostat of the first covering of the fan
For other positions, this can according to need and selects, it is not necessary that centainly be set as LminDue north and due south with power tower
Direction, certainly, the second covering of the fan are also in this way, which is not described herein again.
Step S4.2 is located at ρ × H in heliostat at a distance from power towertower~LmaxBetween when using shown in formula group 6
Method for arranging be arranged:
(formula group 6)
Wherein:
Δ R is coaxial adjacent settled date mirror spacing, and definition is identical as in formula group 5,
ΔAzFor the adjacent settled date mirror spacing of same ring, definition is identical as in formula group 5,
θtFor the power column overhead heat collector zenith angle (folder at heliostat center and power column overhead heat collector line and vertical line
Angle),
HM is that heliostat is long,
WM is that heliostat is wide,
HtowerFor tower height,
RADIUS is heliostat at a distance from power tower center.
According to one embodiment, in ρ × Htower~LmaxIn the range of the covering of the fan (for example, n-th nearest with power tower
Covering of the fan) on heliostat, RADIUS value can be ρ × Htower, so as to calculate the θ of the covering of the fant, θ can be calculated laterL、ΔR
With Δ Az, according to method before, if the nearest covering of the fan is odd number covering of the fan, i.e. n is odd number, then power tower center just
The intersection of south or direct north and the nearest covering of the fan arranges first heliostat, is even number if even number covering of the fan, that is, n, then first
Platform heliostat is arranged on the angular bisector of the adjacent heliostat of front-seat covering of the fan and the angle of power tower), other heliostats can base
In Δ AzIt is successively arranged in its left and right, and obtains covering of the fan i.e. n-th+2 for being separated by a covering of the fan with nearest covering of the fan according to Δ R
The arrangement of the n-th+2 covering of the fan can be obtained according to identical method by the RADIUS of covering of the fan, and so on.(n+1)th covering of the fan is come
It says, due to for fan-shaped interlaced arrangement mode, then the (n+1)th covering of the fan can be located among the n-th and n-th+2 covering of the fan to determine RADIUS,
And its first heliostat can be disposed at adjacent two heliostats of the n-th covering of the fan (such as the n-th covering of the fan first heliostat and the left side or
The adjacent heliostat in the right) on the angular bisector of power tower angle, θ is then calculated according to the RADIUS of the (n+1)th covering of the fant、θL、
Δ R and Δ AzEtc. parameters other heliostats of the (n+1)th covering of the fan are arranged, the n-th+3 covering of the fan can according to the (n+1)th covering of the fan carry out cloth
It sets, as being arranged the n-th+2 covering of the fan the n-th covering of the fan of foundation, which is not described herein again.In this way, can lay out positioned at ρ × Htower
~LmaxBetween heliostat.This example is only the property illustrated, and those skilled in the art can arrange out according to above-mentioned formula group
Different heliostat arrays, such as the specific location of the n-th covering of the fan can be determined as to other positions and by first of the first covering of the fan
Heliostat is determined as other positions, this can according to need and selects, it is not necessary that is centainly set as ρ × HtowerAnd power
The due north of tower and due south direction, certainly, the (n+1)th covering of the fan are also in this way, which is not described herein again.
It is studied in conjunction with Practical Project, linear rule and efficiency is very when small-scale heliostat field is arranged for 5 algorithm of formula group
Good, in extensive heliostat field arrangement, heliostat array is better closer to power tower linear rule and efficiency, further away from power
Tower linear rule and efficiency are poorer.And the algorithm with project location latitude it is higher, to close to power tower heliostat battle array
Column influence is smaller, is affected to what the heliostat array far from power tower generated.It is possible thereby to determine, the formula group is more suitable
Small-scale Jing Chang and extensive Jing Chang are closed close to the array of power tower.
It is studied in conjunction with Practical Project, 6 algorithm of formula group heliostat array line far from power tower when heliostat field is arranged
Property rule and efficiency be substantially better than formula group 5.And the algorithm with project location latitude it is higher, to determining far from power tower
Solar eyepiece array effects are smaller, are affected to what the heliostat array close to power tower generated.The formula group is more suitable for advising greatly
Array of the mould Jing Chang far from power tower.
The present invention combines the advantages of two kinds of algorithms, and heliostat field is divided into two modules and is arranged, is leaned in heliostat field
The heliostat array of nearly power tower uses 5 algorithm of formula group, and the heliostat array far from power tower uses 6 algorithm of formula group.
In synchronization, the higher regional solar elevation of latitude is smaller, and heliostat field cosine losses and eclipsing loss are bigger.
Latitude is introduced to the arrangement of two modules of heliostat field as the critical parameter of heliostat field module subregion using Optimization Factor ρ
The influence of range assignment.When latitude is higher, the heliostat field modular demarcation lines of 6 algorithm of 5 algorithm of formula group and formula group are more
Far from power tower, i.e. 5 algorithm heliostat field module of formula group is bigger in entire heliostat field proportion, advantageously reduces the settled date
Jing Chang is integrally by latitude effect.
Certainly, it can also be calculated according to other modes, such as obtain every ring heliostat and power tower distance r and determine with ring
Interval angles θ between solar eyepiece, i.e., the pole coordinate parameter (r, θ) of every heliostat in heliostat field.With power tower be directed toward the positive north or
Due south ray is symmetry axis, and the every eye platform heliostat of odd loop heliostat is arranged on ray, remaining heliostat interval of the ring ± θ
Symmetry axis is symmetrical with to be arranged.The every eye platform heliostat of even loop heliostat and symmetry axis deflect the arrangement of θ/2 first, then should
Remaining heliostat interval of ring ± θ is symmetrical with the eye platform heliostat and is arranged.After the completion of polar coordinates arrangement, according to formula:
X=r cos θ；Y=r sin θ (formula 7)
The cartesian coordinate system coordinate (x, y) of every heliostat in heliostat field can be obtained, coordinate origin (0,0) is located at
Power tower center.
Further, since the fan-shaped common heat collector of heliostat field is cavity heat collector, angular aperture is generally 120 °, so
The angle of the line and y-axis at every heliostat and power tower center is necessarily less than ± 60 °, and the coordinate greater than ± 60 ° is given up.
Heliostat field whole heliostat is drawn by the above method proposed by the present invention and arranges the Jing Chang that can be obtained as shown in Figure 4.
Indicate that the flow chart of each step of the above method is as shown in Figure 5.
The invention discloses a kind of tower type solar heliostat field arrangement forms suitable for middle high latitude area, overcome
The blank of the middle efficient Jing Chang research of high latitude area photo-thermal solar power station, improves the focusing ratio of light field, reduces solar radiation
Loss during collection, to improve generating efficiency, save construction and operation expense.
Above-described embodiment as described herein proposes for illustrative, is not intended as the limit to the scope of the present invention
System, those skilled in the art can according to actual needs modify to above-described embodiment, and modified various embodiments are same
It falls under the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of fan-shaped heliostat field method for arranging of tower type solar, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Step S1 determines heliostat characteristic size Dm, the heliostat characteristic size DmFor heliostat catercorner length with it is pre- permanent
Several sums；
Step S2 determines the minimum range L of heliostat and power tower in Jing Chang arrangementminWith maximum distance Lmax；
Step S3, based on heliostat field location latitude determine heliostat field is divided into according to distance it is two-part excellent
Change factor ρ, determined using following formula and heliostat field is divided into two-part Optimization Factor ρ according to distance:
ρ=σ × 6.75+0.75；
In formula: Lat is the latitude in heliostat field location, and σ is latitude impact factor, and middle high latitude, that is, north and south latitude is arrived for 30 °
For between 90 ° of north and south latitude, 0.1≤σ≤0.3；
Step S4 is located at L in heliostat at a distance from power towermin~ρ × HtowerBetween when using be suitble to small-scale Jing Chang and
Extensive Jing Chang is arranged close to the method for arranging of the heliostat array of power tower；It is located at a distance from power tower in heliostat
Lmin~ρ × HtowerBetween when be arranged using fan-shaped interlaced arrangement mode corresponding with following first formula groups:
Wherein:
△ R is coaxial adjacent settled date mirror spacing, △ AzFor the adjacent settled date mirror spacing of same ring, DmFor heliostat characteristic size, atIt is
Power column overhead heat collector elevation angle, HtowerFor the tower height of power tower, HhelFor heliostat spindle central height, RADIUS is the settled date
Mirror is at a distance from power tower center；
It is located at ρ × H at a distance from power tower in heliostattower~LmaxBetween when using being suitble to extensive Jing Chang far from power tower
The method for arranging of heliostat array be arranged；It is located at ρ × H at a distance from power tower in heliostattower~LmaxBetween when adopt
It is arranged with fan-shaped interlaced arrangement mode corresponding with following second formula groups:
Wherein: Δ R is coaxial adjacent settled date mirror spacing, Δ AzFor the adjacent settled date mirror spacing of same ring, θtFor power column overhead heat collector
Zenith angle, HM are that heliostat is long, and WM is that heliostat is wide, HtowerFor tower height, RADIUS is heliostat at a distance from power tower center.
2. the fan-shaped heliostat field method for arranging of tower type solar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The predetermined constant is 0.3m.
3. the fan-shaped heliostat field method for arranging of tower type solar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step S2, the minimum range L of heliostat and power tower in Jing Chang arrangement is determined using following formulaminAnd maximum
Distance Lmax:
Lmin=0.75 × Htower；Lmax=7.5 × Htower；
Wherein, LminFor the minimum range of heliostat and power tower, LmaxFor the maximum distance of heliostat and power tower, HtowerIt is
Power tower height degree.
4. the fan-shaped heliostat field method for arranging of tower type solar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein the RADIUS of the first covering of the fan is Lmin, first heliostat of the first covering of the fan be located at power tower due north or due south direction；
The Δ A for corresponding to the first covering of the fan is determined according to the first formula groupzWith Δ R, according to Δ AzIt is determined with the position of first heliostat
The position of other heliostats of the first covering of the fan；The RADIUS of third covering of the fan, third fan are determined according to the Δ R for corresponding to the first covering of the fan
The first heliostat in face is located at power tower due north or due south direction, and the Δ A for corresponding to third covering of the fan is determined according to the first formula groupz
With Δ R, the position of other heliostats of third covering of the fan is determined in the way of identical with the first covering of the fan, and according to corresponding to third
The Δ R of covering of the fan determines the RADIUS of the 5th covering of the fan, and so on determine it is all be located at Lmin~ρ × HtowerBetween other odd numbers
The heliostat of covering of the fan is arranged；
Second covering of the fan is located among first and third covering of the fan so that it is determined that the RADIUS of the second covering of the fan, first settled date of the second covering of the fan
Mirror is located on the angular bisector of adjacent two heliostats of the first covering of the fan and power tower angle, and determines second according to the first formula group
The RADIUS of the position of other heliostats of covering of the fan and the 4th covering of the fan, and so on determine it is all be located at Lmin~ρ × HtowerIt
Between other even number covering of the fans heliostat arrangement.
5. the fan-shaped heliostat field method for arranging of tower type solar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
For in ρ × Htower~LmaxIn the range of for covering of the fan i.e. the n-th covering of the fan nearest with power tower, RADIUS value be ρ ×
Htower, to calculate the θ of the n-th covering of the fan according to the second formula groupt, θ is calculated laterL, Δ R and Δ Az；It is odd number or idol according to n
Number is to determine that first heliostat of the n-th covering of the fan is located at power tower due north or due south direction is still located at the adjacent settled date of front-seat covering of the fan
On the angular bisector of mirror and power tower angle, according to Δ AzThe position for determining other heliostats of the n-th covering of the fan is determined according to Δ R
The RADIUS of n-th+2 covering of the fan, and so on determine the n-th+2 covering of the fan heliostat arrangement；
(n+1)th covering of the fan is located at the RADIUS that the (n+1)th covering of the fan is determined among the n-th and n-th+2 covering of the fan, and first of the (n+1)th covering of the fan is fixed
Solar eyepiece is arranged on the angular bisector of adjacent two heliostats of the n-th covering of the fan and power tower angle, according to the RADIUS of the (n+1)th covering of the fan
And second formula group calculate θt、θL, Δ R and Δ AzN-th is arranged and determined to other heliostats of the (n+1)th covering of the fan+
The RADIUS of 3 covering of the fans, and so on determine the n-th+3 covering of the fan heliostat arrangement.
6. the fan-shaped heliostat field method for arranging of -5 any tower type solars according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It excludes with the angle of the line at power tower center and power tower due south or direct north except [- 60 °, 60 °] range
Heliostat.
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| CN107102967A (en) * | 2017-04-22 | 2017-08-29 | 常州信息职业技术学院 | Layout method and heliostat field the arrangement computing system of heliostat field |
| CN107024864A (en) * | 2017-04-22 | 2017-08-08 | 常州信息职业技术学院 | The layout method and solar generator Tower System of heliostat field |
| CN108800618B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-11-26 | 华西能源工业股份有限公司 | Tower type solar energy thermal power generation mirror field method for arranging and its shadow occlusion efficiency calculation method |
| CN109102121B (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-09-11 | 浙江大学 | Method for optimizing inclination angle of heliostat secondary mirror of tower-type solar thermal power station |
| CN110570045A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | rose map layout method for heliostat field of tower-type solar thermal power station |
| CN111191300B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2024-02-13 | 中电科蓝天科技股份有限公司 | Sheet distribution method of spherical solar cell array |
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| CN104992237A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-10-21 | 内蒙古电力勘测设计院有限责任公司 | Flat-topography tower-type photo-thermal solar power generation field heliostat optimization arrangement method |
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| CN102667656A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2012-09-12 | 勒文德拉·帕特沃尔翰 | A solar central receiver system employing common positioning mechanism for heliostats |
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