CN111290054A - Automatic protector for tipping bucket type rain gauge - Google Patents
Automatic protector for tipping bucket type rain gauge Download PDFInfo
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- CN111290054A CN111290054A CN201910822587.7A CN201910822587A CN111290054A CN 111290054 A CN111290054 A CN 111290054A CN 201910822587 A CN201910822587 A CN 201910822587A CN 111290054 A CN111290054 A CN 111290054A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic protection device of a tipping bucket type rain gauge, which belongs to the field of meteorological element rain measurement and comprises a protection cover, a rotating motor, a lifting motor, a rotating lifting rod, a main controller and a receiver for receiving radar echo, wherein the protection cover, the rotating motor, the lifting motor, the rotating lifting rod and the main controller are arranged on the upper surface of a water bearing device of the tipping bucket type rain gauge; the corresponding output ends of the main controller are respectively and electrically connected with the rotating motor and the lifting motor; the rotating motor and the lifting motor are connected in a matched mode and used for driving the rotating lifting rod to move, an output shaft of the rotating motor or the lifting motor is coaxially fixed with one end of the rotating lifting rod, and a protective cover is fixed at the other end of the rotating lifting rod; the device of the invention adds a protective cover which can realize automatic control on the basis of the original tipping bucket rain gauge, thus preventing fallen leaves, dust or insects from blocking the rain sensor to influence the measurement of data. Not only can the rainfall data be accurately and timely measured, but also the workload of platform workers can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic protection device of a tipping bucket type rain gauge, and belongs to the field of meteorological element rainfall measurement.
Background
The China weather service provides intelligent weather for developing observation intelligence, accurate forecast, open service and scientific management, is an important support for the fusion development of weather and the economic society, is an important way for changing the development mode of weather, and is an important breakthrough for comprehensively promoting the modernization of weather. At present, according to investigation of observers at experimental stations and stations, the largest daily maintenance workload of operators on duty is the rainfall sensor, at present, the national meteorological observation station in China uses the double-tipping-bucket rainfall sensor, the structure is complex, one-time rainfall counting needs to be completed through a water bearing device, a funnel, a gathering funnel and a metering tipping bucket, and one-time rainfall data acquisition is completed.
Generally, a traditional rain measuring cylinder without a protective cover needs a technician at an observation station to manually clean sundries in the rain measuring cylinder at regular time, and when the rainfall appears when the worker is not in time to clean the rain measuring cylinder, the accuracy of measurement is affected when dust or leaves and other sundries exist in the rain measuring cylinder. This both wastes time on the staff and affects the measurement of the data. The traditional rain measuring cylinder with the protective cover can prevent sundries such as fallen leaves from blocking the rain measuring cylinder to influence data measurement. However, the workload of platform staff for manually opening or closing the protective cover is increased, and the staff cannot timely open the protective cover of the rain measuring cylinder before each rainfall, which may cause inaccuracy of the measurement data or directly influence the measurement to a great extent so that the data of the measurement influences the weather research of the weather bureau.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an automatic protection device of a tipping bucket type rain gauge.
In order to solve the technical problems, the following technical scheme is adopted:
an automatic protection device of a tipping bucket type rain gauge comprises a protection cover, a rotating motor, a lifting motor, a rotating lifting rod, a main controller and a receiver, wherein the protection cover is arranged on the upper surface of a water bearing device of the tipping bucket type rain gauge; the corresponding output ends of the main controller are respectively and electrically connected with the rotating motor and the lifting motor;
the rotary motor and the lifting motor are connected in a matched mode and used for driving the rotary lifting rod to move, the output shaft of the rotary motor or the lifting motor and one end of the rotary lifting rod are coaxially fixed, and a protective cover is fixed to the other end of the rotary lifting rod.
Furthermore, the invention also comprises a D/A converter, and the corresponding output end of the main controller is respectively and electrically connected with the rotating motor and the lifting motor through the D/A converter.
Furthermore, the invention also comprises an electric control switch K1 and an electric control switch K2, wherein the corresponding output end of the main controller is electrically connected with the rotating motor and the lifting motor through a D/A converter and an electric control switch K2 and an electric control switch K1 respectively.
Furthermore, the invention also comprises a travel switch on the lifting path and/or a travel switch on the rotating path.
The travel switch on the lifting path is arranged on a telescopic node of the rotary lifting rod or on a position where the rotary lifting rod drives the protective cover or the protective cover touches the rotary lifting rod in the lifting process.
The travel switch on the rotating path is arranged on a position where the rotating lifting rod drives the protective cover or the protective cover touches the rotating lifting rod in the rotating process.
Furthermore, the invention also comprises a travel switch on the lifting path and a travel switch on the rotating path, wherein the rotating lifting rod is a nested multilayer sleeve, and the travel switch on the lifting path, the travel switch on the rotating path and a bulge for shifting the travel switch on the lifting path and the travel switch on the rotating path are arranged between two adjacent layers of sleeves; the bulge is arranged on one side between two adjacent layers of sleeves, and the travel switch on the lifting path and the travel switch on the rotating path are arranged on the other side between two adjacent layers of sleeves.
Furthermore, the invention also comprises a wireless communication module, and the communication end on the main controller is electrically connected with the wireless communication module.
Further, the model of the wireless communication module is M30232.
The main controller uploads and downloads data from the cloud server through the wireless communication module, and the weather bureau accesses the cloud server through logging in the cloud platform system.
Furthermore, the invention also comprises a weather phenomenon instrument and/or a rain sensor, wherein the signal output end of the weather phenomenon instrument and/or the rain sensor is electrically connected with the I/O end of the master controller.
Furthermore, the weather phenomenon instrument is PWS100 in model, and the rain sensor is RS-100 optical rain sensor.
Furthermore, an output shaft of the rotating motor drives the lifting motor to rotate through a transmission mechanism, so that the output shaft of the lifting motor is driven to rotate, and the rotating lifting rod is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output shaft of the lifting motor.
The transmission mechanism includes, but is not limited to, a pulley or a gear.
Furthermore, a rotating motor is mounted on an output shaft of the lifting motor and drives the rotating motor to lift, the output shaft of the rotating motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rotating lifting rod, and the output shafts of the lifting motor and the rotating motor are arranged in the same direction.
Furthermore, the invention also comprises a rainfall dynamic process display mechanism, wherein the rainfall dynamic process display mechanism comprises a camera, a microphone, an audio coder/decoder and a data processing module; the microphone is electrically connected with the audio signal input end of the data processing module through the audio coder/decoder, and the video signal output end of the camera is electrically connected with the video signal input end of the data processing module.
Furthermore, the rainfall dynamic process display mechanism further comprises a high-resistance matching circuit and a reed switch, a power line of the high-resistance matching circuit is connected with a binding post of the tipping bucket type rain gauge, and a 555 chip in the high-resistance matching circuit is connected with the reed switch. The high-impedance matching circuit is only a high-impedance state circuit, and the circuit is characterized in that the circuit is equivalent to an isolation state when the resistance is large.
Furthermore, rainfall developments process display mechanism still includes the communication interface who is connected with data processing module, the data communication interface is the USB interface, is a universal serial bus, is the interface of connecting inside MCU of wifi module and camera.
Furthermore, the invention also comprises a generator, wherein the output end of the generator is electrically connected with the power supply controlled ends of the rotating motor and the lifting motor.
Furthermore, the tipping bucket type rain gauge belongs to one kind of rain gauge, and is a device for measuring the rain quantity.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device of the invention adds a protective cover which can realize automatic control on the basis of the original tipping bucket rain gauge, thus preventing fallen leaves, dust or insects from blocking the rain sensor to influence the measurement of data. Not only can the rainfall data be accurately and timely measured, but also the workload of platform workers can be reduced.
The invention can prevent fallen leaves, dust or insects from invading when there is no rainfall, judge the opening time according to the radar echo before the rainfall, use the data of the weather phenomenon appearance and rain-sensing sensor as the on-site emergency standby opening control information, ensure the normal operation of the tipping bucket type rain gauge; after the rainfall stops, the protective cover is closed. And then the automatic protection function and the monitoring function of the tipping bucket type rain gauge are realized by utilizing a rainfall dynamic process display mechanism.
The invention realizes automatic control by realizing the automatic opening of the protective cover of the rain gauge, and transmits signals by using three modes of a radar echo instrument, a weather phenomenon instrument and a rain sensing sensor to enable the protective cover to be opened or closed in time, so that the protective cover is in a closed state in rainy weather, dust, fallen leaves and other sundries can be effectively prevented from falling into the rain gauge to influence the measurement result, and the protective cover is in an open state in rainy weather. Therefore, the measurement is not influenced by untimely opening or early closing of the protective cover, and the accuracy of the measurement data is ensured. Meanwhile, the rainfall dynamic display mechanism can monitor whether the tipping bucket type rain gauge works normally or not in real time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the protective cover of the present invention in operation.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the working state of the rotary motor and the lifting motor driving the rotary lifting rod in this embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a structural schematic block diagram of a rainfall dynamic process display mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the dump-bucket rain gauge in this embodiment.
The rain gauge comprises a water bearing device 1, a mesh enclosure 2, a funnel 3, a skip bucket 4, a collecting funnel 5, a counting skip bucket 6, a horizontal bubble 7, an adjusting hexagon screw 8, a chassis 9, a reed pipe 10, a red and black binding post 11, a metering skip bucket 12, a capacity adjusting screw 13, a positioning screw 14, a cleaning and disassembling nut 15, a skip bucket type rain gauge barrel body 16, a drainage funnel 17, a camera 18 and an MIC audio sensor, a 190.1 mm rain monitoring module, a skip type rain gauge 20, a rotary lifting rod 21, a protective cover 22, a protective cover 23, a protective cover closing position, a protective cover lifting position 24, a protective cover opening position 25, a rotary motor 26, a lifting motor 27, a transmission mechanism 28, a travel switch on a lifting path 29, a travel switch on a rotating path 30 and a bulge 31.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-5 and the following detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment relates to an automatic protection device of a skip rain gauge, which comprises a rainfall start/stop control mechanism and a rainfall dynamic process display mechanism, and can realize automatic control of the automatic protection device of a rainfall sensor and remote monitoring of rainfall dynamics.
The rainfall start-stop control mechanism comprises a protective cover 22, a rotating motor 26, a lifting motor 27, a rotating lifting rod 21, a main controller and a receiver for receiving radar echo, wherein the protective cover 22 is arranged on the upper surface of a water bearing device of the tipping bucket type rain gauge; the corresponding output ends of the main controller are respectively and electrically connected with a rotating motor 26 and a lifting motor 27;
the rotary motor 26 is connected with the lifting motor 27 in a matching mode and is used for driving the rotary lifting rod 21 to move, the output shaft of the rotary motor 26 or the lifting motor 27 is coaxially fixed to one end of the rotary lifting rod 21, and the other end of the rotary lifting rod 21 is fixed with the protective cover 22.
The receiver receives the radar echo through the antenna, and the intensity, the moving speed and the moving direction of the radar echo and the time of reaching the station are judged, so that the tipping bucket type rain gauge protection device is automatically started in advance. The weather phenomenon instrument and the rain sensor are used as field emergency opening control information, and the protective cover is opened immediately once rainfall occurs; and when the weather phenomenon instrument and the rain sensor monitor the information of rainfall stopping and compare the information with radar echo for confirmation, closing the protective device of the tipping bucket type rain gauge.
The rainfall dynamic process display mechanism comprises a video moving target, an audio identification module and a 0.1mm rainfall monitoring module. The rainfall dynamic process display mechanism displays the dynamic working process of the tipping bucket type rain gauge in real time by utilizing video, audio and 0.1mm rainfall information, thereby realizing the rainfall remote dynamic monitoring function.
The monitoring of the rainfall start-stop mechanism and the rainfall dynamic process display mechanism is controlled, so that the rainfall measurement accuracy can be greatly improved. The rainfall data of the tipping bucket rain gauge measured at the moment can not be interfered by the accumulation of sundries in the bucket and the lack of measurement data caused by untimely opening of the protective cover by a worker.
The control device of the precipitation start-stop mechanism in the embodiment is a control core of the protection mechanism, and consists of a main controller, a D/A (digital/analog) lifting and rotating mechanism control and I/O (input/output) switch state input, and the precipitation start-stop mechanism completes the protection task of the tipping bucket type rain gauge under the control of start-stop information. The main controller is a singlechip.
As shown in fig. 5, the position of the camera is shot by the camera, and a 1-minute video uploaded in a video moving target recognition module is taken as a moving target by combining a rainfall dynamic process display mechanism, the module mainly recognizes the motion condition of the left-right counting tipping bucket and judges whether the operation is normal, if the operation is normal, the operation is described as that the operation is normal after the left tipping bucket is used once and then the right tipping bucket is used once, and if the operation is not normal after the left tipping bucket is used once and then the right tipping bucket is used once and then the operation is described as that the operation is abnormal. And sound information during working judges the working state of each tipping bucket through sound identification. The working state identified by the video is integrated, and the comprehensive judgment is carried out, so that the influence of the misjudgment on the measurement result is avoided. And finally, taking the rainfall value of 0.1mm as an uploading file, uploading the file once every time the rainfall value reaches, calculating the rainfall through the uploading times, recording the rainfall process in real time, and acquiring the 0.1mm rainfall value to indicate that the tipping bucket type rain gauge works normally.
The generator in this embodiment is a device responsible for emergency power supply to the precipitation start-stop mechanism in the absence of the mains supply.
The embodiment also comprises an alarm module which is responsible for making a sound and giving a light alarm when the precipitation start-stop mechanism does not work normally.
The method comprises the steps of firstly, selecting the reflectivity in a PPI form as the time for judging the moving direction and speed of radar echo and reaching an automatic station, acquiring radar PPI data from a single elevation angle, representing the data in a polar coordinate form, representing the position of an observation station in longitude and latitude, and converting the longitude and latitude into the polar coordinate by using a formula. And superposing the observation station and the radar echo in the same coordinate system, and continuously judging the echo position. When the radar echo is estimated to reach 30 minutes before the observation station, opening information is automatically sent to the automatic protection device of the tipping bucket type rain gauge, the dustproof cover is lifted and separated from the tipping bucket type rain gauge, and the protection cover rotates 180 degrees and descends to a stop position. At the moment, the tipping bucket type rain gauge is in a normal working state. If the test of the radar echo is inaccurate, and the protective cover is not opened before rainfall, the on-site weather phenomenon instrument and the rain sensor are opened in an emergency mode, and the protective cover is ensured to be opened in time through three pieces of information. And after the protection device is normally opened, the opening state information is automatically uploaded. When rainfall stops, and the weather phenomenon instrument and the rain sensor do not acquire rainfall data, in order to prevent the device from misdetection caused by misoperation, before the closing action is started, closing action request information is uploaded to a county bureau platform, and closing information is sent out after no rainfall is confirmed by comparing with radar echo, at the moment, the protective cover is lifted to be 180 degrees above the tipping bucket rain gauge and rotates to reach the upper part of the tipping bucket rain gauge, and the protective cover descends to a working position to complete the closing work.
Among them, PPIs are generally called plane Position Indicator, flat panel display, and are the most common radar display method.
The rainfall dynamic display mechanism comprises a video moving target identification module, an audio identification module, a 0.1mm rainfall monitoring module and an alarm module.
The video moving object identification module starts to upload a video for 1 minute when rainfall begins, each left and right skip bucket is used as a moving object, and the video stream moving object identification system mainly comprises moving object detection, shadow removal and object identification.
The audio recognition module is characterized in that a tipping bucket rain gauge is internally provided with an MIC audio sensor, sound information of the upper and lower tipping buckets and the counting tipping bucket during working is collected, 3 pieces of audio information of the upper and lower tipping buckets and the counting tipping bucket are used as an uploading file, and the working state of each tipping bucket is judged through sound recognition.
The 0.1mm rainfall monitoring module takes a 0.1mm rainfall value as an uploading file, records the rainfall process in real time, and acquires the 0.1mm rainfall value to indicate that the rainfall sensor works normally.
The alarm module automatically generates alarm information when the MIC audio sensor works abnormally.
A tipping bucket type rain gauge structure model is used as a dynamic display graph, a Flash tool is adopted for development, a PHP technology is used for connecting a background database, and the database adopts MS-SQLServer 2000. The extracted video, audio and 0.1mm rainfall monitoring data dynamically display the working process of the tipping bucket type rain gauge
The process monitoring camera and the MIC audio sensor of the tipping bucket rain gauge are arranged on the funnel support. The video camera can monitor the working running states of the tipping bucket, the gathering funnel, the counting tipping bucket, the horizontal bubble and the like. The camera is provided with an LED lamp to ensure that clear image data is obtained; the MIC audio sensor can collect audio information of each tipping bucket action. The video, audio and 0.1mm rainfall information are collected into a whole, and a miniature camera is adopted for video information collection and an LED lamp is configured for illumination; the audio acquisition module is composed of a microphone and an audio codec, and an MIC audio sensor, namely the microphone, selects WM62A for acquisition and carries out digital processing on sound signals. Selecting a UDA1380 single-chip stereo audio coder/decoder module of Philips, obtaining working audio information of an upper tipping bucket, a lower tipping bucket and a counting tipping bucket through data processing, and automatically judging the working state of the rainfall sensor by utilizing the audio information; the 0.1mm rainfall is connected in parallel with the high-resistance matching circuit at the binding post of the rainfall sensor, so that the collection precision of the sensor is prevented from being influenced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic protection device of a tipping bucket rain gauge is characterized by comprising a protection cover (22) arranged on the upper surface of a water bearing device of the tipping bucket rain gauge, a rotating motor (26), a lifting motor (27), a rotating lifting rod (21), a main controller and a receiver for receiving radar echo; the corresponding output ends of the main controllers are respectively and electrically connected with a rotating motor (26) and a lifting motor (27);
rotating electrical machines (26) and elevator motor (27) cooperation are connected and are used for driving rotatory lifter (21) motion, the output shaft and the coaxial fixed of rotatory lifter (21) one end of rotating electrical machines (26) or elevator motor (27), be fixed with protective cover (22) on the other end of rotatory lifter (21).
2. The automatic protector of a dump box rain gauge according to claim 1, further comprising a D/a converter, wherein the respective outputs of the master controller are electrically connected to the rotating motor (26) and the lifting motor (27) via the D/a converter, respectively.
3. The automatic protection device of a dump box rain gauge according to claim 2, further comprising an electric control switch K1 and an electric control switch K2, wherein the corresponding output end of the master controller is electrically connected to the rotating motor (26) and the lifting motor (27) through a D/a converter via the electric control switch K2 and the electric control switch K1, respectively.
4. The automatic safety device of a dump box rain gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a travel switch (29) on the lifting path and/or a travel switch (30) on the rotation path.
5. The automatic protector of the skip type rain gauge according to claim 1, further comprising a travel switch (29) on a lifting path and a travel switch (30) on a rotating path, wherein the rotating lifting rod (21) is a nested multi-layer sleeve, and the travel switch (29) on the lifting path, the travel switch (30) on the rotating path and a protrusion (31) for toggling the travel switch (29) on the lifting path and the travel switch (30) on the rotating path are installed between two adjacent layers of sleeves; the bulge (31) is arranged on one side between two adjacent layers of sleeves, and the travel switch (29) on the lifting path and the travel switch (30) on the rotating path are arranged on the other side between two adjacent layers of sleeves.
6. The automatic protection device of a dump box rain gauge according to claim 1, further comprising a wireless communication module, wherein the communication terminal on the main controller is electrically connected with the wireless communication module.
7. The automatic protection device of the skip bucket rain gauge according to claim 1, further comprising a weather phenomenon instrument and/or a rain sensor, wherein the signal output end of the weather phenomenon instrument and/or the rain sensor is electrically connected with the I/O end of the master controller.
8. The automatic protector of a dump box rain gauge according to claim 1, wherein the output shaft of the rotating motor (26) drives the lifting motor (27) to rotate through the transmission mechanism (28), so as to drive the output shaft of the lifting motor (27) to rotate, and the rotating lifting rod (21) and the output shaft of the lifting motor (27) are coaxially and fixedly connected.
9. The automatic protector of a dump box rain gauge according to claim 1, wherein the output shaft of the lifting motor (27) is provided with a rotating motor (26) to drive the rotating motor (26) to lift, the output shaft of the rotating motor (26) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rotating lifting rod (21), and the output shafts of the lifting motor (27) and the rotating motor (26) are arranged in the same direction.
10. The automatic protection device of a skip bucket rain gauge according to claim 1, further comprising a rainfall dynamics course display mechanism, wherein the rainfall dynamics course display mechanism comprises a camera, a microphone, an audio codec and a data processing module; the microphone is electrically connected with the audio signal input end of the data processing module through the audio coder/decoder, and the video signal output end of the camera is electrically connected with the video signal input end of the data processing module.
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| CN112526643A (en) * | 2020-12-19 | 2021-03-19 | 河南安宏信息科技有限公司 | Automatic shielding device for rain gauge collecting port |
| CN112788232A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-11 | 合肥信杰科技发展有限公司 | Camera capable of automatically adjusting working mode according to precipitation change |
| CN113945999A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-18 | 安徽省大气探测技术保障中心 | Analog detection device and metering method for optical rainfall sensor |
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