CN109444991A - A kind of tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge - Google Patents
A kind of tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge Download PDFInfo
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- CN109444991A CN109444991A CN201811375526.2A CN201811375526A CN109444991A CN 109444991 A CN109444991 A CN 109444991A CN 201811375526 A CN201811375526 A CN 201811375526A CN 109444991 A CN109444991 A CN 109444991A
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- tipping bucket
- rainfall
- measurement region
- metering device
- rainfall gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge, it is made of optical measurement region and mechanical double skip rainfall measurement region, the optical measurement region includes Bright Source Protection box and light pipe protecting box, it is equipped with rainfall gauge in mechanical double skip rainfall measurement region and measures cylinder, Bright Source Protection box and light pipe protecting box are horizontal positioned, the machinery double skip rainfall measurement region is vertically set below optical measurement region, it is successively arranged raingauge receiver from top to bottom in rainfall gauge measuring cylinder body, upper metering device and lower metering device, precipitation and precipitation micro-parameter are measured simultaneously, data result is accurate, have simultaneously and reaches a mutually confirmation inspection, the generation of false-alarm is prevented.
Description
Technical field
This application involves meteorological, hydrology field measuring devices more particularly to a kind of tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge.
Background technique
Precipitation refers to the weather phenomenon for dropping to earth's surface by different modes in condensation of the steam through atmosphere, there is liquid
Or two kinds of precipitation forms of solid-state.Since precipitation measurement is the important component of meteorological observation, be weather forecast, meteorologic information,
Climatic analysis and Meteorological Science research and social production construction provide Information Service, so accurately precipitation measurement is aobvious
It obtains particularly significant.
Rainfall gauge is the meteorologic instrument for measuring precipitation and precipitation intensity, and currently used rainfall is in respect of siphon rainfall
The mechanical rainfall gauge of meter, weighing type rain gauge, tipping-bucket rain-gauge etc. based on mechanics principle, in the measurements rain, heavy rain, sudden and violent
Rain, torrential rain, accuracy with higher in extra torrential rain, but light rain, drizzle, sleet, hail, in terms of it is accurate
Degree substantially reduces, and has and quickly judge the ability whether precipitation occurs.Booming optics rainfall gauge is based in recent years
Optical principle has been evaded some shortcomings of mechanical contact measurement, can have been accomplished the height of data using non-contact measurement
Speed output.
The working principle of tipping-bucket rain-gauge is: rainwater enters raingauge receiver by the mouth of a river of holding of the top, falls into water receiving funnel,
Upper tipping bucket is flowed into through bell mouth, when water accumulating volume reach a certain height, tipping bucket disequilibrium is overturned.Tipping bucket, which is toppled over, each time all makes
Switch connection circuit conveys a pulse signal to logger, and logger control recording pen gets off rainfall record, so past
Rainfall measurement can be got off again.In calculating assume tipping bucket room overturning when, upper tipping bucket should stop water inlet and it is quick
Water is emptied, lower tipping bucket is promptly converted to the rainwater of tipping bucket undertaking.
The frequency and phase of the scattering light that generates or transmitted light calculate grain when optics rainfall gauge passes through raindrop using laser
The size and velocity information of son.
In tipping-bucket rain-gauge measurement process, measurement funnel can intake, and then measurement error is caused in switching process,
So macroscopical rainfall of rainfall can only be measured.Optical profile type rainfall gauge can not escape repetition raindrop complexity when measuring raindrop particle dissipates
Problem is penetrated, the probability of erroneous judgement is big, and in, the measurement accuracy of the precipitations such as big, heavy rain substantially reduces.
Based on the rainfall gauge principle and its advantage and disadvantage of two kinds of measurement methods, a kind of tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge is devised, this
Rainfall gauge both can carry out precise measurement to drizzle, light rain, can also accurately be surveyed to the strong rainfall such as moderate rain, heavy rain, heavy rain
Amount.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues of solution: the present invention overcomes above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, discloses a kind of tipping bucket type light
Rainfall gauge is learned, solving mechanical rainfall gauge in the prior art, that there are measurement errors is larger, induction speed is slow, can not obtain precipitation class
The disadvantages of type and the individual optics rainfall gauge disadvantage not high to micro-parameter measurement accuracy.
Technical solution: a kind of tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge, by optical measurement region and mechanical double skip rainfall measurement region
Composition, the optical measurement region includes Bright Source Protection box and light pipe protecting box, and mechanical double skip rainfall measurement is equipped in region
Rainfall gauge measures cylinder, and Bright Source Protection box and light pipe protecting box are horizontal positioned, between Bright Source Protection box and light pipe protecting box apart
20cm, identical as the rainfall gauge measurement nozzle diameter of cylinder, Bright Source Protection box and light pipe protecting box are mounted in rainfall gauge measuring cylinder
The left and right sides above body is from left to right equipped with transmitting light-source system and light source convex lens in the Bright Source Protection box；The light
It is from left to right successively arranged in protection of pipe box and receives convex lens, concavees lens, optical filter and CCD collector；
The machinery double skip rainfall measurement region is vertically set below optical measurement region, from upper in rainfall gauge measuring cylinder body
Raingauge receiver, upper metering device and lower metering device are successively arranged under, the raingauge receiver is equipped with strainer and liquid separation column, strainer are set
At the top of raingauge receiver, liquid separation column is located at raingauge receiver bottom；
The upper metering device includes: upper accepting water funnel, upper metering tipping bucket, water receiving tank, upper bracket and supporting table；Upper metering device
Top is upper accepting water funnel, and upper accepting water funnel bottom end is equipped with switching device, and switching device is by switch water outlet and effluent switch structure
At the bottom of upper metering device is supporting table, and supporting table is equipped with upper bracket and one group of water receiving tank, the water receiving tank are located at branch
The right and left of frame is equipped with upper metering tipping bucket on upper bracket；
Lower metering device is made of lower accepting water funnel, lower metering tipping bucket, counting tipping bucket, permanent magnet, lower bracket and tongue tube；Under connect
Hyponome is located at the top of lower metering device, and lower accepting water funnel offsets with supporting table, and lower metering device bottom is equipped with tongue tube
And lower bracket, lower metering tipping bucket are located at the top of lower bracket, are counted tipping bucket and are located at lower bracket waist, are counted tipping bucket and are equipped with permanent magnetism
Body, permanent magnet are used cooperatively with tongue tube, constitute counter switch, cause tipping bucket to overturn when rainwater flows into counting tipping bucket, so that forever
Magnet touches tongue tube, and connects circuit, and counter gets off rainfall record, and lower metering device bottom is equipped with a draining leakage
Bucket.
A kind of optimal technical scheme as the application: the strainer filter diameter pore size is 5mm.
A kind of optimal technical scheme as the application: the water receiving tank is two, and two water receiving tanks are respectively provided at branch
The left and right sides of frame.
A kind of optimal technical scheme as the application: the water drain funnel water outlet is equipped with switching device.
A kind of optimal technical scheme as the application: it is equipped with baffle among the lower metering tipping bucket, by lower accepting water funnel
The rainwater lattice gear of inflow is in the counting tipping bucket side for being equipped with permanent magnet.
The utility model has the advantages that
1. the present invention combines the principle that optics measures rainfall with tipping-bucket rain-gauge principle, to precipitation and the microcosmic ginseng of precipitation
Number is carried out while being measured, and data result is accurate, while being had and being reached a mutually confirmation inspection, and the generation of false-alarm has been prevented.
2. the present invention, which has, quickly judges the ability whether precipitation occurs, even atomic small tell about also can be when extremely short
It is interior to react.
3. the present invention, which has evaded mechanical contact, measures udometric deficiency, such as the evaporation of raingauge receiver, water-supply-pipe water droplet
Attachment etc..
4. this rainfall gauge of the invention has preferable accuracy for the measurement of light rain, drizzle, snowfall, sleet.
5. time of measuring resolving power of the present invention is higher, just can make a response within instrument 10 seconds, so as to accurate response
Precipitation initial time.
6. the rainfall source that optical measurement of the present invention is measured with tipping bucket type is consistent, this just excludes the rainfall because of rainfall
Precipitation error caused by source.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the udometric overall structure diagram of tipping bucket type optics.
Description of symbols: 1, Bright Source Protection box, 2, transmitting light-source system, 3, light source convex lens, 4, light pipe protecting box, 5,
Convex lens, 6, concavees lens, 7, optical filter, 8, CCD collector, 9, raingauge receiver, 10, strainer, 11, upper accepting water funnel, 12, liquid separation
Column, 13, switch water outlet, 14, effluent switch, 15, upper bracket, 16, supporting table, 17, upper metering tipping bucket, 18, water receiving tank, 19,
Lower accepting water funnel, 20, permanent magnet, 21, lower bracket, 22, tongue tube, 23, lower metering tipping bucket, 24, counting tipping bucket, 25, draining leakage
Bucket 26, rainfall gauge measure cylinder, 27 baffles.
Specific embodiment
The following examples can make those skilled in the art that the present invention be more fully understood, but not limit this in any way
Invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge is made of two parts, by optical measurement region and mechanical double skip rainfall measurement area
Domain composition, the optical measurement region includes Bright Source Protection box 1 and light pipe protecting box 4, in mechanical double skip rainfall measurement region
Cylinder 26 is measured equipped with rainfall gauge, Bright Source Protection box 1 and light pipe protecting box 4 are horizontal positioned, Bright Source Protection box 1 and light pipe protecting box
At a distance of 20cm between 4, identical as the rainfall gauge measurement nozzle diameter of cylinder 26, Bright Source Protection box 1 and light pipe protecting box 4 are mounted in
Rainfall gauge measures the left and right sides of 26 top of cylinder, is from left to right equipped with transmitting light-source system 2 and light in the Bright Source Protection box 1
Source convex lens 3；Reception convex lens 5, concavees lens 6, optical filter 7 and CCD is from left to right successively arranged in the light pipe protecting box 4 to adopt
Storage 8；
The machinery double skip rainfall measurement region is vertically set below optical measurement region, and rainfall gauge measures cylinder 26 from upper
Raingauge receiver 9, upper metering device and lower metering device are successively arranged under, the raingauge receiver 9 is equipped with strainer 10 and liquid separation column 12,
Strainer 10 is located at 9 top of raingauge receiver, and liquid separation column 12 is located at 9 bottom of raingauge receiver, and it is 5mm that strainer 10, which filters diameter pore size,；
The upper metering device includes: upper accepting water funnel 11, upper metering tipping bucket 17, water receiving tank 18, upper bracket 15 and supporting table 16；
It is upper accepting water funnel 11 at the top of upper metering device, 11 bottom end of upper accepting water funnel is equipped with switching device, and switching device is discharged by switch
Mouth 13 and effluent switch 14 are constituted, and effluent switch is designed to that an inside has the shape of the pen of spring structure, when rainy, on
Tipping bucket overturns, and top, which touches it, causes contained spring to compress, the water outlet for the switch water outlet 13 that then control is attached thereto
Closure, it is contacted with tipping bucket disconnection again after rainwater flows into water receiving tank from upper tipping bucket, and the water outlet of switch water outlet 13 is opened,
The bottom of upper metering device is supporting table 16, and supporting table is equipped with upper bracket 15 and one group of water receiving tank 18, and the water receiving tank 18 is
Two, two water receiving tanks 18 are respectively provided at the left and right sides of upper bracket 15, and upper metering tipping bucket 17, water receiving are equipped on upper bracket 15
Slot 18 is two, and two water receiving tanks 18 are respectively provided at the left and right sides of upper bracket 15；
Lower metering device is by lower accepting water funnel 19, lower metering tipping bucket 23, counting tipping bucket 24, permanent magnet 20, lower bracket 21 and dry spring
Pipe 22 forms；Lower accepting water funnel 19 is located at the top of lower metering device, and 19 top of lower accepting water funnel offsets with supporting table 16, lower metering
Bottom of device is equipped with tongue tube 22 and lower bracket 21, and lower metering tipping bucket 23 is located at 21 top of lower bracket, counts tipping bucket 24 and be located at down
21 waist of bracket counts tipping bucket 24 and is equipped with permanent magnet 20, and permanent magnet 20 is used cooperatively with tongue tube 22, constitutes counter switch,
Cause tipping bucket to overturn when rainwater flows into counting tipping bucket, so that permanent magnet 20 touches tongue tube 22, and connects circuit, counter will
Rainfall record is got off, and lower metering device bottom is equipped with a water drain funnel 25, and 25 water outlet of water drain funnel is equipped with switching device,
For the rainwater measured to be drained, 25 bottom water outlet of water drain funnel be equipped with strainer, with prevent insect and soil energy sundries from
Bottom end enters the damage that instrument internal causes instrument, and 25 water outlet of water drain funnel is equipped with switching device, the lower metering tipping bucket
The rainwater lattice that baffle 27 flows into lower accepting water funnel are equipped among 23 to keep off in the counting tipping bucket side for being equipped with permanent magnet.
Optical measurement section is to pass through the detector induction precipitation particles that simultaneously Acquisition Detection light includes according to optical principle
Information observes precipitation, and here ours is Image Acquisition method to carry out optical detection.Emit the light source warp in light-source system
It crosses after lens system in horizontal direction again and forms two harness shapes light sheets in the same size and parallel, Bright Source Protection box and light pipe are protected
Search coverage is formed between shield box, when precipitation particles pass through search coverage, is imaged in the image planes of optical system, by CCD
Acquisition, system-computed goes out raindrop drop whithin a period of time, to obtain the speed of particle.
Precipitation particles are fallen into tipping bucket rainfall measurement system by optical sampling space.Rainwater is initially entered with filter screen
Raingauge receiver, the 5mm filter diameter filter screen being arranged on raingauge receiver is it is possible to prevente effectively from and stop the sundries such as leaf to enter device to cause
It blocks, end interface installs a liquid separation column under raingauge receiver, reduces rainwater whereabouts flowing velocity, facilitates the receipts of upper accepting water funnel
Collection, and avoid as precipitation it is excessive caused by system response slowly and caused by error.Rainwater is flowed into through water receiving funnel and is counted
Tipping bucket is measured, flows into lower metering tipping bucket by water receiving tank, after water accumulating volume reaches constant weight, lower metering tipping bucket disequilibrium is turned over
, and by rainwater down to counting in tipping bucket, counting tipping bucket, tipping bucket is toppled over each time, and magnet is all made to contact dry-reed tube switch, and
Circuit is connected, counter gets off rainfall record, and rainwater is discharged eventually by water drain funnel.The present invention by by optical system and
Counter by the measurement signals of synchronization be sent to microprocessor handled, integrate after export, can effectively carry out
Wrong report, and the rainfall signal that measures of optical system can be used as the offset of rainfall, improve data accuracy.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure made by bright specification and attached drawing or equivalent function transformation are applied directly or indirectly in other relevant technology necks
Domain is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge, it is characterised in that: by optical measurement region and mechanical double skip rainfall measurement region
Composition, the optical measurement region includes Bright Source Protection box (1) and light pipe protecting box (4), mechanical double skip rainfall measurement region
Interior to be equipped with rainfall gauge measurement cylinder (26), Bright Source Protection box (1) and light pipe protecting box (4) are horizontal positioned, Bright Source Protection box (1) and
It is identical as the rainfall gauge measurement nozzle diameter of cylinder (26) at a distance of 20cm between light pipe protecting box (4), Bright Source Protection box (1) and
Light pipe protecting box (4) is mounted in the left and right sides above rainfall gauge measurement cylinder (26), in the Bright Source Protection box (1) from a left side to
The right side is equipped with transmitting light-source system (2) and light source convex lens (3)；Reception is from left to right successively arranged in the light pipe protecting box (4)
Convex lens (5), concavees lens (6), optical filter (7) and CCD collector (8)；
The machinery double skip rainfall measurement region is vertically set below optical measurement region, and rainfall gauge measures in cylinder (26)
It is successively arranged raingauge receiver (9), upper metering device and lower metering device from top to bottom, the raingauge receiver (9) is equipped with strainer (10)
With liquid separation column (12), strainer (10) is located at the top of raingauge receiver (9), and liquid separation column (12) is located at raingauge receiver (9) bottom；
The upper metering device include: upper accepting water funnel (11), upper metering tipping bucket (17), water receiving tank (18), upper bracket (15) and
Supporting table (16)；It is upper accepting water funnel (11) that upper accepting water funnel (11) bottom end is equipped with switching device, switch at the top of upper metering device
Device is made of switch water outlet (13) and effluent switch (14), and the bottom of upper metering device is supporting table (16), in supporting table
Equipped with upper bracket (15) and one group of water receiving tank (18), the water receiving tank (18) is located at the right and left of upper bracket (15), in upper branch
Frame (15) is equipped with upper metering tipping bucket (17)；
Lower metering device is by lower accepting water funnel (19), lower metering tipping bucket (23), counting tipping bucket (24), permanent magnet (20), lower bracket
(21) it is formed with tongue tube (22)；Lower accepting water funnel (19) is located at the top of lower metering device, at the top of lower accepting water funnel (19) and is propped up
Support platform (16) offsets, and lower metering device bottom is equipped with tongue tube (22) and lower bracket (21), and lower metering tipping bucket (23) is located at lower branch
It at the top of frame (21), counts tipping bucket (24) and is located at lower bracket (21) waist, count tipping bucket (24) and be equipped with permanent magnet (20), permanent magnet
(20) it is used cooperatively with tongue tube (22), constitutes counter switch, cause tipping bucket to overturn when rainwater flows into counting tipping bucket, so that permanent magnetism
Body (20) touches tongue tube (22), and connects circuit, and counter gets off rainfall record, and lower metering device bottom is equipped with one
Water drain funnel (25).
2. tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the strainer (10) filters diameter pore size and is
5mm。
3. tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water receiving tank (18) is two, two
Water receiving tank (18) is respectively provided at the left and right sides of upper bracket (15).
4. tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: water drain funnel (25) water outlet is set
There is switching device.
5. tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be equipped among the lower metering tipping bucket (23)
Baffle (27), the rainwater lattice gear that lower accepting water funnel is flowed into is in the counting tipping bucket side for being equipped with permanent magnet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811375526.2A CN109444991A (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | A kind of tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811375526.2A CN109444991A (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | A kind of tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109444991A true CN109444991A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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| CN201811375526.2A Pending CN109444991A (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | A kind of tipping bucket type optics rainfall gauge |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110398789A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-01 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | A kind of rainfall amount detecting device of Agricultural Environmental Monitoring |
| CN111290054A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2020-06-16 | 唐山市气象局 | Automatic protector for tipping bucket type rain gauge |
| CN112033759A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Metering sampling device and method |
| CN112925047A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-08 | 河北省廊坊水文勘测研究中心(河北省廊坊水平衡测试中心) | Tipping bucket type rain gauge |
| CN114442201A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-06 | 张锦霞 | Intelligent rainfall measuring rain gauge |
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| CN205880255U (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-11 | 邓海利 | Overturning skip type udometer |
| CN206057615U (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-29 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of weighing type rain gauge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110398789A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-01 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | A kind of rainfall amount detecting device of Agricultural Environmental Monitoring |
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| CN112033759A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Metering sampling device and method |
| CN112033759B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2024-04-19 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Metering sampling device and method |
| CN112925047A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-08 | 河北省廊坊水文勘测研究中心(河北省廊坊水平衡测试中心) | Tipping bucket type rain gauge |
| CN114442201A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-06 | 张锦霞 | Intelligent rainfall measuring rain gauge |
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