CN111283195A

CN111283195A - Powder spraying and collecting equipment for additive manufacturing

Info

Publication number: CN111283195A
Application number: CN202010118607.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张觉灵; 张华�; 刘博�; 赵景飞; 程业; 郄晓静
Original assignee: Hebei Jingye Additive Material Manufacturing Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hebei Jingye Additive Material Manufacturing Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-26
Filing date: 2020-02-26
Publication date: 2020-06-16

Abstract

The invention relates to auxiliary equipment used in a laser cladding process, in particular to integrated equipment combining powder spraying and powder collecting, which is particularly suitable for cladding of metal powder or repairing and processing workpieces by using the metal powder. The additive manufacturing equipment at least comprises a powder spraying device and a powder collecting device, wherein a spray head in the powder spraying device can move randomly in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, so that different parts of the special-shaped workpiece are treated, and the powder collecting device can recycle redundant waste powder. The combination of the two processes realizes the treatment of complex workpieces and the recovery of waste powder.

Description

Powder spraying and collecting equipment for additive manufacturing

Technical Field

The invention relates to auxiliary equipment used in a laser cladding process, in particular to integrated equipment combining powder spraying and powder collecting, which is particularly suitable for cladding of metal powder or repairing and processing workpieces by using the metal powder.

Background

Additive manufacturing is a technology for manufacturing solid parts by adopting a material layer-by-layer accumulation method through CAD design data, and is a manufacturing method of material accumulation from bottom to top compared with the traditional material removal technology. Compared with the traditional manufacturing technology, the additive manufacturing not only can mold parts with complex shapes, but also has high molding precision and saves materials. In addition, the additive manufacturing can also carry out effective repair on a specific position of a damaged part.

The existing additive powder spraying equipment has the following defects: firstly, the equipment is large in size, occupies space and is not beneficial to small size; secondly, the method cannot be suitable for cladding or repairing parts with complex structures; thirdly, a small amount of residual powder is attached to the periphery of the part after powder spraying, so that the subsequent repair or processing is influenced; fourthly, residual powder can not be effectively recycled, and the expenditure of production cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a powder spraying and collecting device used in an additive manufacturing process.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a powder spraying and collecting device for additive manufacturing at least comprises a powder spraying device and a powder collecting device.

The powder spraying device at least comprises a combination of a first screw nut pair and a second screw nut pair which enable the spray head to move in the horizontal direction, and a push rod motor which enables the spray head to move and rotate in the vertical direction.

The nozzle can be fixed at different positions under the action of the first screw-nut pair, the second screw-nut pair and the push rod motor, so that the cladding treatment or laser repair of workpieces to be treated with different shapes and heights can be realized. Such as non-planar turbine components, machine tool bits of complex construction, and the like. If the conventional cladding equipment is adopted, the workpiece to be processed must be placed on a horizontal plane and fixed, the application field of laser cladding is limited by the method, and the spray head capable of being rotated and positioned in multiple directions realizes an additive processing means for different positions.

For a more detailed understanding of the invention, the structure of the powder spraying device in the apparatus is described in detail below.

The powder spraying device comprises: the device comprises a base, a to-be-processed part is placed on the base, a vertical support rod is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the base, a fixing plate in the same horizontal shape is fixedly connected at the upper end of the support rod, a first horizontal lead screw nut pair is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the fixing plate, a cross rod is fixedly connected at the lower end of a sliding table of the first lead screw nut pair, a second horizontal lead screw nut pair is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the cross rod, the sliding table of the second lead screw nut pair is cylindrical, a speed reduction motor is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the second lead screw nut pair, an output shaft of the speed reduction motor is connected with a first gear, the first gear is meshed with a second gear, the second gear is sleeved on the sliding table of the second lead screw nut pair, a vertical push rod motor is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second gear, and a spray head is arranged at the telescopic end of the push rod motor, the spray head is connected with one end of the material conveying pipe. And the second gear is connected with the sliding table of the second lead screw nut pair through a bearing.

When the sprayer is used, the first gear is driven to rotate through the speed reducing motor, the first gear drives the second gear to rotate, the push rod motor is inclined, and therefore the distance between the sprayer and the base plate is adjusted.

Further, the first lead screw nut pair is perpendicular to the second lead screw nut pair. When in operation, the first screw-nut pair and the second screw-nut pair drive the spray head to move in the horizontal direction.

Further, the center of gravity of the spray head is located right below the center of the spray head. When in use, the push rod motor drives the spray head to move in the vertical direction.

Further, the spray head is a coaxial spray nozzle, and a focusing lens and a laser are connected with the spray nozzle, so that the aim of reducing the influence on the workpiece range of the spray head caused by the fact that the spray head is connected with more equipment in use is achieved.

Since the device does not spray powder in a vertical mode when the device is used for workpieces, more powder is wasted than usual, redundant powder can be gathered on the surface, inside or corners of the processed workpieces, and a powder collecting device can be additionally arranged in the additive manufacturing device for recovering the powder.

The powder collecting equipment at least comprises a blowing opening and a containing device, wherein the blowing opening is adjacent to the spray head, and the containing device is used for collecting powder.

The air blowing port connected with the spray head is connected with the outlet end of the air blower through a second hose, and the outlet end of the air blower is further connected with a first hose. And valves are arranged on the first hose and the second hose.

The containing device can be arranged at the bottom of the equipment, namely the base is arranged as the containing device.

Specifically, a drawer is arranged in the base, and a plurality of through holes are formed between the drawer and the upper end face of the base. And a filter screen is arranged on the inner wall of the drawer through a clamping groove.

Furthermore, the periphery of the base can be provided with a shielding platform higher than the substrate, so that the powder is prevented from falling off from the base and is convenient to recycle.

After the additive manufacturing is finished, firstly, blowing openings connected through a second hose are used for blowing and sweeping residual powder on a manufactured product, and the positions of the spray head and the blowing openings can be driven by the first screw-nut pair, the second screw-nut pair and the push rod motor to move.

After blowing is completed by using the blowing port, aiming at a small amount of residual powder gathered at the corner of the equipment, the first hose connected with the air blower can be used for continuously blowing, the residual dust is finally collected into the drawer through the through hole, so that the cleaning and the recovery of the residual powder are completed, and proper powder is selected for continuous reutilization through the screening of the subsequent link.

In addition, the invention also provides an additive manufacturing process using the equipment.

The additive manufacturing process comprises additive processing of the special-shaped component, and the additive processing of parts to be processed at different angles is realized by lifting and rotating a spray head.

Further, after the manufacturing process is completed, the powder remaining on the processing workpiece and the pedestal is subjected to recovery processing using an air blower.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the defect that the existing material increase equipment can only spray powder on a plane is overcome, and the application range is enlarged;

2. the cladding or repair of parts with complex structures can be realized, and the cladding or repair of the interior of the parts can be realized;

3. the waste of spraying powder is reduced, and the process cost can be reduced through a recovery device.

4. The combination of powder spraying and powder collecting processes is realized, so that the original two processes are completed in one set of equipment.

5. The powder collecting device has universal applicability, and can be used for the transformation of common powder spraying equipment besides the powder spraying device.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a powder spraying and collecting device for additive manufacturing;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of the first and second gears;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the first gear and the second gear;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the internal structure of the base;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a spray head;

FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of the nozzle part when the powder collecting device is connected.

In the figure: the device comprises a base 1, a base plate 2, a supporting rod 3, a fixing plate 4, a first screw nut pair 5, a cross rod 6, a second screw nut pair 7, a speed reducing motor 8, a first gear 9, a second gear 10, a push rod motor 11, a spray head 12, a material conveying pipe 13, a blowing port 14, a first hose 15, a second hose 16, an air blower 17, a drawer 18, a through hole 19 and a filter screen 20.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Best mode of carrying out the invention: the powder spraying and collecting apparatus used in the additive manufacturing process described with reference to figures 1-6.

Wherein powder spray device's structure includes at least: a base 1, a base plate 2 is placed at the upper end of the base 1, a vertical support rod 3 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the base 1, a fixing plate 4 with the same horizontal shape is fixedly connected at the upper end of the support rod 3, a first horizontal lead screw nut pair 5 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the fixing plate 4, a cross rod 6 is fixedly connected at the lower end of a sliding table of the first lead screw nut pair 5, a second horizontal lead screw nut pair 7 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the cross rod 6, the sliding table of the second lead screw nut pair 7 is cylindrical, a speed reduction motor 8 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the second lead screw nut pair 7, a first gear 9 is connected to an output shaft of the speed reduction motor 8, the first gear 9 is meshed with a second gear 10, the second gear 10 is sleeved on the sliding table of the second lead screw nut pair 7, a vertical push rod motor 11 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second gear 10, the telescopic end of the push rod motor 11 is provided with a spray head 12 through a rotating shaft, and the spray head 12 is connected with one end of a material conveying pipe 13. The first screw-nut pair 5 is perpendicular to the second screw-nut pair 7. The center of gravity of the spray head 12 is located directly below the center of the spray head 12, and the outlet end of the spray head 12 can always be kept vertically downward. The second gear 10 is connected with the sliding table of the second lead screw nut pair 7 through a bearing. The maximum rotation angle of the reduction motor 8 is 180 °, that is, the reduction motor 8 rotates 90 ° clockwise or 90 ° counterclockwise at most. The material conveying pipe 13 is connected with the material storage tank through the material pump, and conveys the material to the spray head 12 through the material storage tank, the material pump and the material conveying pipe 13, so that additive manufacturing is realized. The nozzle head uses a coaxial nozzle and is connected with a focusing lens (not shown) and a laser (not shown).

The powder spraying device can also be connected with a blower 17, and an air outlet of the blower 17 is connected with the first hose 15 and the second hose 16. Wherein the second hose 16 is connected to the blow opening 14, the blow opening 14 being placed together with the spray head 12 and being movable together with the spray head 12. Wherein the other end of the first hose 15 can be directly vented.

The base 1 can be set as a storage device, the drawer 18 which can be drawn is arranged in the base 1, the inner wall of the drawer 18 is provided with a filter 20 through a clamping groove, and the periphery of the base is provided with a shielding platform which is higher than the base plate.

When powder spraying is carried out, powder enters the spray head through the material conveying pipe, the laser is started, and the powder removes laser and reaches the surface of the workpiece to be processed at the same time, so that additive processing of the workpiece is realized. When the processed workpiece is of a special-shaped structure, the first lead screw nut pair and the second lead screw nut pair drive the spray head to move in the horizontal direction, the spray head is driven by the push rod motor to move in the vertical direction, the first gear can be driven by the speed reduction motor to rotate, the first gear drives the second gear to rotate, and the inclination of the push rod motor is realized. By the mode, the spray head can be aligned to the part to be processed of the workpiece to be processed, so that the additive processing of the region difficult to process is realized.

After the powder spraying operation is finished, a second hose connected with the air blower is started, and powder remained on the surface of the manufactured product is blown by using the air blowing opening, wherein the position and the blowing angle of the air blowing opening can be adjusted in the same manner as the adjustment manner of the spray head. When powder on a processing workpiece is swept completely, a valve on the second hose is closed, a valve of the first hose is opened, the first hose is used for sweeping the powder on the base and the substrate, the residual powder is received into a drawer of the base through the through hole, and the powder with a certain powder granularity is obtained through screening of the filter screen, so that the cleaning and the recovery of the powder are completed. The obtained powder can be recycled through screening in subsequent links.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A powder spraying and collecting device for additive manufacturing at least comprises a powder spraying device and a powder collecting device;

the powder spraying device at least comprises a first screw nut pair and a second screw nut pair which are used for enabling the spray head to move in the horizontal direction, and a push rod motor which can enable the spray head to move and rotate in the vertical direction;

2. The powder spraying and collecting device for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the first screw nut pair is fixedly connected to a fixing plate, and the fixing plate is connected to a support rod vertically arranged at a side of the base for realizing movement of the spray head in a horizontal direction;

the second lead screw nut is connected with the cross rod, the lower end of the sliding table of the first lead screw nut pair is fixedly connected with the cross rod, the upper end of the second lead screw nut pair is fixed with a speed reducing motor, and the speed reducing motor is connected with the push rod motor through two gears, so that the spray head can move in the vertical direction.

3. Powder spraying and collecting device for additive manufacturing according to claims 1-2, characterised in that the spray head is a coaxial nozzle.

4. Additive manufacturing process characterized by using the powder spraying and collecting apparatus for additive manufacturing according to claims 1-3.