CN111269487A - Communication cable - Google Patents

Communication cable Download PDF

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CN111269487A
CN111269487A CN202010154193.1A CN202010154193A CN111269487A CN 111269487 A CN111269487 A CN 111269487A CN 202010154193 A CN202010154193 A CN 202010154193A CN 111269487 A CN111269487 A CN 111269487A
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layer
insulating layer
thin film
film layer
cable
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张宏涛
孙文
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张宏涛
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/08Copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/0807Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
    • C08L23/0815Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00Communication cables or conductors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/24Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/292Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/295Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/42Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction
    • H01B7/421Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction for heat dissipation
    • H01B7/423Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction for heat dissipation using a cooling fluid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2231Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of tin
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    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C08K2003/262Alkali metal carbonates
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/01Magnetic additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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    • C08L2201/08Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of power equipment, and particularly relates to a communication cable which comprises a wire core, an insulating layer, a thin film layer and an outer protective sleeve; the insulating layer is in a round tube shape, and the surface of the insulating layer is fixedly connected with evenly distributed bearing plates; uniform bubbles are distributed in the bearing plate; the bearing plate is uniformly filled with inert gas at intervals in the extrusion molding process, so that bubbles filled with the inert gas are formed; a wire core formed by a plurality of communication wires is wrapped in the insulating layer cavity; the thin film layer is uniformly covered on the surface of the insulating layer; the film layer is made of PET or fluororesin and has a thickness of more than 4 μm; the surface of the thin film layer is designed to be rough; fillers are filled between the thin film layer and the outer layer protective sleeve; according to the invention, the cooling cavity is arranged in the outer sheath tube to isolate the external temperature from the inside, so that the inner insulation layer, the wire core and the like are prevented from being influenced by high temperature, accelerated aging is realized, and the service life of the cable is shortened.

Description

Communication cable
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power equipment, and particularly relates to a communication cable.
Background
A cable is a cable that transmits telephone, telegraph, facsimile documents, television and radio programs, data and other electrical signals. Is formed by twisting more than one pair of mutually insulated wires. Compared with an overhead open wire, the communication cable has the characteristics of large communication capacity, high transmission stability and good confidentiality, along with the development of science and technology, the use environment of the communication cable is diversified, the existing communication cable only can generate a flame-retardant effect when facing to sudden high-temperature environments such as fire disasters and the like, and the influence of high temperature on the inside cannot be effectively isolated, so that the cable is accelerated to age under the high-temperature environment and even is directly damaged.
A communication cable, patent No. 201280017519, issued in chinese patent, comprising: one or more conductors; an insulator overlying the conductor; a shield layer formed on the outer periphery of the insulator; an insulating sheath covering the shielding layer; and locate between insulator and sheath, and cover the thin layer that the peripheral process is stretched vertically and horizontally of insulator, this scheme is effective to isolate between insulating layer and the volatile plasticizer, but can't the direct accelerated aging that causes of high temperature of effective prevention inside, influence such as performance reduction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a communication cable, which aims to make up for the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that the prior communication cable cannot effectively isolate high temperature from the inside of the cable while resisting flame in a high-temperature environment, and the influence of external high temperature on accelerated aging and performance reduction of the inside is reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a communication cable, which comprises an outer layer protective sleeve; the outer sheath pipe is composed of the following raw materials:
85-90 parts by weight of polyolefin; 5-8 parts of glass fiber yarns; 6-10 parts by weight of clay; 3-4 parts of plant ash; 2-3 parts of acetyl tributyl citrate; 2-4 parts of gum; 0.6-1 part by weight of a silane coupling agent; 1.5-2 parts by weight of stearic acid; 0.7-0.9 parts of white carbon black; 4-5 parts by weight of electrolytic zinc acid leaching residues;
the polyolefin is an ethylene-1-octene copolymer; the gum is acacia;
the preparation method of the outer sheath pipe comprises the following steps:
s1: introducing polyolefin, clay, glass fiber yarns, plant ash, a silane coupling agent, stearic acid and electrolytic zinc acid leaching residue into a high-speed stirrer according to the proportion, stirring at the speed of 600r/min for 10min, and then melting and blending at 170 ℃ for 10min to obtain a sizing material; firstly, the raw materials are stirred when in a solid powder state, so that the components are uniformly mixed and then are heated, melted and blended, the difficulty of uniformly mixing the raw materials can be effectively reduced, and the problem that the polyolefin is not favorable for dispersion due to high viscosity after being melted into colloid is avoided;
s2: crosslinking the rubber material obtained in the step S1 at 170-180 ℃ for 30min, adding acetyl tri-n-butyl citrate, gum and white carbon black according to the proportion, controlling a high-speed stirrer to slowly stir at the speed of 280-320 r/min for 15-20 min, standing for 10-15 min after stirring is finished, and waiting for the completion of the physicochemical reaction to obtain a mixture;
s3: adding the mixture obtained in the step S2 into a double-screw extruder for melt blending, repeatedly melting, blending and extruding for 2-3 times at the operating temperature of the double-screw extruder of 150-180 ℃ and the screw rotating speed of 60-80 r/min, and then granulating to obtain granules; the mixture is subjected to two to three times of melt blending extrusion in a double-screw extruder, so that the compactness of the finally extruded granular material can be effectively enhanced, the finally prepared double-layer sheath pipe has higher density, and the toughness and the mechanical strength of the double-layer sheath pipe are effectively enhanced;
s4: adding the granules obtained in the step S3 into a basic forming machine, forming, sizing, drawing, cutting and cooling to obtain an outer-layer protective sleeve for later use;
the polyolefin selected from the raw materials is the copolymer of ethylene-1-octene, the copolymer has the outstanding characteristics of soft performance, good toughness, high bonding strength, strong tensile skin and tearing strength of the film, puncture resistance, good heat sealability and the like, so that the copolymer can be widely applied to the manufacture of the outer sheath pipe, meanwhile, the glass fiber yarns selected from the raw materials are used as a filamentous material with excellent toughness, the filamentous material is added into the raw materials, the toughness of the outer sheath pipe can be effectively enhanced, meanwhile, the glass fiber yarns are used as an excellent heat insulation material, the heat insulation effect of the outer sheath pipe can be effectively enhanced, the clay and plant ash selected from the raw materials are used as high temperature resistant materials, the melting point of the outer sheath pipe can be enhanced by uniformly mixing the materials in the outer sheath pipe, meanwhile, the heat conductivity is lower, and the copolymer can be effectively used as a heat insulation material, the influence of external high temperature on the inner wire core is avoided;
silane coupling agent, stearic acid and electrolytic zinc acid leaching residue selected from the raw materials can generate cross-linking reaction with polyolefin in the raw materials, so that the polyolefin substrate is modified to greatly improve the mechanical strength and the flame retardant coefficient, and meanwhile, the outer protective sleeve has excellent resistance to a high-temperature environment by being matched with plant ash and clay mixed in the raw materials;
the raw materials are selected from white carbon black white powdery X-ray amorphous silicic acid and silicate products, which are collectively called as water-insoluble, solvent and acid, and the acid resistance and water resistance of the outer-layer protective sleeve can be effectively enhanced by adding the white carbon black white powdery X-ray amorphous silicic acid and silicate products into the raw materials, so that the aging rate of the outer-layer protective sleeve can be slowed down in a humid and acidic environment, and meanwhile, the high heat resistance of the outer-layer protective sleeve is effectively enhanced by the high heat resistance of the outer-layer protective sleeve, and gum is used as a conjunctiva material and added into the raw materials, so that the components can be tightly combined, and the performances of the outer.
Preferably, the raw materials also comprise a static electricity removing additive; the static electricity removing additive is a mixture of graphene powder, tin dioxide nano powder and glycerol; graphene powder is as a high-quality conducting material, cooperate tin dioxide nanometer powder to add together in the raw materials of outer sheath pipe, can utilize its high-quality electric conduction ability that own possessed effectively, produce weak static direction ground because the line is felt to magnetism on the outer sheath pipe of cable conductor, thereby reduce outer sheath pipe surface static influence effectively, and add glycerine, can assist graphite alkene powder and tin dioxide powder to diffuse in the mixed colloid that the raw materials formed effectively, thereby promote the electrically conductive homogeneity of outer sheath pipe effectively.
Preferably, the raw materials also comprise metal wires and iron-silicon-aluminum wave-absorbing magnetic powder; the metal wire is a metal wire formed by melting and stretching aluminum alloy; the length of the metal wire is greater than the maximum diameter of the outer sheath pipe; the metal wire which is prepared by drawing metal liquid smelted by waste aluminum alloy is selected from the raw materials, the metal material of the metal wire can effectively reduce electromagnetic waves emitted from the wire core when the wire core is electrified, the iron-silicon-aluminum wave-absorbing magnetic powder is matched to effectively enable the outer-layer protective sleeve to have the property of shielding the electromagnetic waves, and the mechanical strength of the outer-layer protective sleeve can be effectively enhanced due to the properties of toughness, wear resistance and the like of the metal wire.
Preferably, cooling cavities which are longitudinally distributed are uniformly arranged in the outer sheath layer; the cooling cavity is designed in an annular mode; capillary pipelines which are uniformly arranged are arranged between every two adjacent cooling cavities, and expansion plugs are fixedly connected to openings of the capillary pipelines, which are positioned in the cooling cavities; the expansion plug has one-way conductivity and is in a closed state in an initial state; the cooling cavity is filled with ethanol solution; the ethanol solution accounts for half of the volume of the cooling cavity; when the cable works, the cooling cavities which are uniformly distributed are arranged in the outer sheath tube, 50% ethanol solution is infused inside the outer sheath tube to effectively enable the cable to be in a high-temperature environment, the high temperature transmitted into the outer sheath tube enables the ethanol solution to be evaporated, so that heat is absorbed, the phenomenon that the normal work of the cable is influenced when the inner core is in a high-temperature state is avoided, meanwhile, the evaporated ethanol solution enables the air pressure in the cooling cavities to be increased, the increased air pressure enables the expansion plugs to be opened, so that the ethanol solution enters the capillary tubes, so that the cooling cavities are in a conduction state, the outer sheath tube in the high-temperature environment not only generates a flame retardant effect, but also can isolate the external high temperature from the inside, so that the cable works normally, meanwhile, a certain amount of heat can be generated when the inside of the cable is electrified, particularly, the temperature of the cable is rapidly increased due to, the cooling chamber can also cool down the inside this moment and handle, and then reduces inside temperature, and when the inside electric current of cable surpassed its working range of itself and leads to the cable to blow, cooling chamber and outer sheath pipe can be kept apart high temperature and external world effectively simultaneously, avoid inside electric wire to burn through outer sheath pipe and cause the conflagration.
Preferably, the cable also comprises a wire core, an insulating layer and a film layer; the insulating layer is in a round tube shape, and the surface of the insulating layer is fixedly connected with evenly distributed bearing plates; uniform bubbles are distributed in the bearing plate; the bearing plate is uniformly filled with inert gas at intervals in the extrusion molding process, so that bubbles filled with the inert gas are formed; a wire core formed by a plurality of communication wires is wrapped in the insulating layer cavity; the thin film layer is uniformly covered on the surface of the insulating layer; the film layer is made of PET or fluororesin and has a thickness of more than 4 μm; the surface of the thin film layer is designed to be rough; fillers are filled between the thin film layer and the outer layer protective sleeve; when the cable works, the wire core is wrapped by the insulating layer, the bearing plate uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the insulating layer can effectively enhance the bearing and pressure resistance of the cable by utilizing the flexibility of the bearing plate, the uniform bubbles in the bearing plate enhance the flexibility of the bearing plate to match with the filler between the film layer and the outer sheath pipe, the influence of external pressure on the inside of the cable can be effectively relieved, meanwhile, the inert gas filled in the bubbles can effectively relieve the heat generated when the inner wire core normally works, meanwhile, when the cable is in a high-temperature environment, because the plasticizer and the coupling agent added in the outer sheath pipe are baked in the external high-temperature environment, the plasticizer is easily gasified and is diffused to the inside under the high temperature difference, the plasticizer diffused to the inside of the cable is intercepted by the film layer, thereby avoiding the plasticizer from slowly permeating into the insulating layer, if the plasticizer and the coupling agent penetrate into the insulating layer, the dielectric constant of the insulating layer can be changed, so that the shielding performance of the insulating layer on electromagnetic waves generated by the wire core is reduced.
Preferably, the filler is mixed powder of nano ceramic powder and talcum powder which are mixed according to a ratio of 1: 1; when the cable is in work, the outer-layer protective sleeve is baked in an external high-temperature environment, the internal plasticizer and the coupling agent are gasified under the action of a large temperature difference, the gasified plasticizer and the coupling agent are not contacted with an insulating layer delivery station under the interception of a thin layer, meanwhile, when the gas passes through the filler, the planned plasticizer and the planned coupling agent are adsorbed by the nano ceramic material and the talcum powder due to excellent adsorption performance, the phenomenon that the gasified plasticizer and the coupling agent directly permeate into the insulating layer to weaken the shielding performance of the insulating layer when the thin layer is damaged is avoided, meanwhile, the talcum powder and the nano ceramic powder are filled between the insulating layer and the outer-layer protective sleeve layer, so that the outer layer can effectively adsorb external moisture when the outer-layer protective sleeve is damaged, the outer layer is condensed into a shell, and the phenomenon that the external moisture and the.
Preferably, a heat conduction silica gel layer is fixedly connected between the wire core and the insulating layer; the surface of one side, away from the wire core, of the heat-conducting silica gel layer is fixedly connected with heat-conducting wires which are uniformly distributed; the heat conducting wires penetrate through the insulating layer and the thin film layer; expansion balls which are uniformly distributed are arranged between the thin film layer and the outer layer protective sleeve; a first cavity is formed in the expansion ball; solid iodine is filled in the first cavity; the expansion balls correspond to the heat conducting wires one by one, and the heat conducting wires penetrate through the expansion balls and extend into the first cavity; the expansion ball is made of thermal expansion materials; when the cable works, heat can be generated when current passes through the cable core, the heat is radiated outwards and absorbed by the heat-conducting silica gel layer, so that the heat is conducted to the inside of the expansion ball through the heat-conducting wires on the heat-conducting silica gel layer, after the heat is continuously conducted to the inside of the expansion ball, the expansion ball is made of thermal expansion materials, the continuous heat enables the expansion ball to expand, meanwhile, solid iodine in a first cavity in the expansion ball continuously absorbs the heat, so that the iodine which is in a solid state at normal temperature is evaporated into iodine steam, the effect of cooling the inside of the cable is achieved, when the temperature inside the cable is overhigh, the whole evaporation of the solid iodine is converted into the iodine steam which is matched with the expansion ball to absorb heat and expand, the volume of the expansion ball is obviously increased, the expansion ball with the increased volume extrudes the outer sheath pipe, so that the outer sheath pipe is locally deformed, thereby effectively increasing the surface area of the outer sheath pipe and further enhancing the heat dissipation capacity of the outer sheath pipe.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the communication cable, the melting point and the flame retardant property of the outer sheath pipe are enhanced by adding the glass fiber yarns, the plant ash, the clay and the like into the raw material of the outer sheath pipe, and the silane coupling agent and the stearic acid are crosslinked to modify the substrate, so that the high-temperature resistance of the outer sheath pipe is enhanced under the condition that the mechanical strength of the outer sheath pipe is not changed.
2. According to the communication cable, the cooling cavity in the outer-layer sheath pipe is arranged, and the principle that ethanol solution in the cooling cavity evaporates and absorbs heat is adopted, so that the cable is in a high-temperature environment, the outer-layer sheath pipe is used for resisting flame and isolating most of high temperature, the outer-layer sheath pipe and the inner part of the cable are cooled through the evaporation of ethanol, and meanwhile, the plurality of cooling cavities are communicated, so that the high temperature entering the inner part of the cable is uniformly spread on the cable, and the line fault in the cable caused by overhigh local temperature is avoided.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a communications cable;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a communications cable;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 taken along line A;
in the figure: outer sheath pipe 1, cooling chamber 11, capillary 12, inflation stopper 13, sinle silk 2, insulating layer 3, thin layer 4, accept board 31, bubble 32, heat conduction silica gel layer 5, heat conduction silk 51, inflation ball 52, first cavity 53.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a communication cable according to the present invention includes an outer sheath tube; the outer sheath pipe 1 is composed of the following raw materials:
85-90 parts by weight of polyolefin; 5-8 parts of glass fiber yarns; 6-10 parts by weight of clay; 3-4 parts of plant ash; 2-3 parts of acetyl tributyl citrate; 2-4 parts of gum; 0.6-1 part by weight of a silane coupling agent; 1.5-2 parts by weight of stearic acid; 0.7-0.9 parts of white carbon black; 4-5 parts by weight of electrolytic zinc acid leaching residues;
the polyolefin is an ethylene-1-octene copolymer; the gum is acacia;
the preparation method of the outer sheath pipe 1 comprises the following steps:
s1: introducing polyolefin, clay, glass fiber yarns, plant ash, a silane coupling agent, stearic acid and electrolytic zinc acid leaching residue into a high-speed stirrer according to the proportion, stirring at the speed of 600r/min for 10min, and then melting and blending at 170 ℃ for 10min to obtain a sizing material; firstly, the raw materials are stirred when in a solid powder state, so that the components are uniformly mixed and then are heated, melted and blended, the difficulty of uniformly mixing the raw materials can be effectively reduced, and the problem that the polyolefin is not favorable for dispersion due to high viscosity after being melted into colloid is avoided;
s2: crosslinking the rubber material obtained in the step S1 at 170-180 ℃ for 30min, adding acetyl tri-n-butyl citrate, gum and white carbon black according to the proportion, controlling a high-speed stirrer to slowly stir at the speed of 280-320 r/min for 15-20 min, standing for 10-15 min after stirring is finished, and waiting for the completion of the physicochemical reaction to obtain a mixture;
s3: adding the mixture obtained in the step S2 into a double-screw extruder for melt blending, repeatedly melting, blending and extruding for 2-3 times at the operating temperature of the double-screw extruder of 150-180 ℃ and the screw rotating speed of 60-80 r/min, and then granulating to obtain granules; the mixture is subjected to two to three times of melt blending extrusion in a double-screw extruder, so that the compactness of the finally extruded granular material can be effectively enhanced, the finally prepared double-layer sheath pipe has higher density, and the toughness and the mechanical strength of the double-layer sheath pipe are effectively enhanced;
s4: adding the granules obtained in the step S3 into a basic forming machine, forming, sizing, drawing, cutting and cooling to obtain an outer-layer protective sleeve for later use;
the polyolefin selected from the raw materials is the copolymer of ethylene-1-octene, the copolymer has the outstanding characteristics of soft performance, good toughness, high bonding strength, strong tensile skin and tearing strength of the film, puncture resistance, good heat sealability and the like, so that the copolymer can be widely applied to the manufacture of the outer sheath pipe 1, meanwhile, the glass fiber yarns selected from the raw materials are used as a filamentous material with excellent toughness, the filamentous material is added into the raw materials, the toughness of the outer sheath pipe can be effectively enhanced, meanwhile, the glass fiber yarns are used as an excellent heat insulation material, the heat insulation effect of the outer sheath pipe can be effectively enhanced, the clay and plant ash selected from the raw materials are used as high temperature resistant materials, the melting point of the outer sheath pipe can be enhanced by uniformly mixing the clay and the plant ash in the outer sheath pipe, the heat conductivity is low, and the copolymer can be effectively used as a heat insulation material, the influence of external high temperature on the inner wire core is avoided;
silane coupling agent, stearic acid and electrolytic zinc acid leaching residue selected from the raw materials can generate cross-linking reaction with polyolefin in the raw materials, so that the polyolefin substrate is modified to greatly improve the mechanical strength and the flame retardant coefficient, and meanwhile, the outer protective sleeve has excellent resistance to a high-temperature environment by being matched with plant ash and clay mixed in the raw materials;
the raw materials are selected from white carbon black white powdery X-ray amorphous silicic acid and silicate products, which are collectively called as water-insoluble, solvent and acid, and the acid resistance and water resistance of the outer-layer protective sleeve can be effectively enhanced by adding the white carbon black white powdery X-ray amorphous silicic acid and silicate products into the raw materials, so that the aging rate of the outer-layer protective sleeve can be slowed down in a humid and acidic environment, and meanwhile, the high heat resistance of the outer-layer protective sleeve is effectively enhanced by the high heat resistance of the outer-layer protective sleeve, and gum is used as a conjunctiva material and added into the raw materials, so that the components can be tightly combined, and the performances of the outer.
As an embodiment of the invention, the raw materials also comprise a static electricity removing additive; the static electricity removing additive is a mixture of graphene powder, tin dioxide nano powder and glycerol; graphene powder is as a high-quality conducting material, cooperate tin dioxide nanometer powder to add together in the raw materials of outer sheath pipe, can utilize its high-quality electric conduction ability that own possessed effectively, produce weak static direction ground because the line is felt to magnetism on the outer sheath pipe of cable conductor, thereby reduce outer sheath pipe surface static influence effectively, and add glycerine, can assist graphite alkene powder and tin dioxide powder to diffuse in the mixed colloid that the raw materials formed effectively, thereby promote the electrically conductive homogeneity of outer sheath pipe effectively.
As an implementation mode of the invention, the raw materials also comprise metal wires and iron-silicon-aluminum wave-absorbing magnetic powder; the metal wire is a metal wire formed by melting and stretching aluminum alloy; the length of the metal wire is greater than the maximum diameter of the outer sheath pipe; the metal wire which is prepared by drawing metal liquid smelted by waste aluminum alloy is selected from the raw materials, the metal material of the metal wire can effectively reduce electromagnetic waves emitted from the wire core when the wire core is electrified, the iron-silicon-aluminum wave-absorbing magnetic powder is matched to effectively enable the outer-layer protective sleeve to have the property of shielding the electromagnetic waves, and the mechanical strength of the outer-layer protective sleeve can be effectively enhanced due to the properties of toughness, wear resistance and the like of the metal wire.
As an embodiment of the invention, cooling cavities 11 which are longitudinally arranged are uniformly arranged in the outer sheath layer; the cooling cavity 11 is designed in an annular shape; capillary pipelines 12 which are uniformly arranged are arranged between every two adjacent cooling cavities 11, and the capillary pipelines 12 are fixedly connected with expansion plugs 13 at the openings in the cooling cavities 11; the expansion plug 13 has one-way conductivity, and the expansion plug 13 is in a closed state in an initial state; the cooling cavity 11 is filled with ethanol solution; the ethanol solution accounts for half of the volume of the cooling cavity 11; when the cable is in work, the cooling cavities 11 which are uniformly distributed are arranged in the outer-layer protecting sleeve 1, 50% ethanol solution is infused into the inner part to effectively enable the cable to be in a high-temperature environment, the high temperature transmitted into the outer-layer protecting sleeve 1 enables the ethanol solution to be evaporated, so that heat is absorbed, the phenomenon that the normal work of the cable is influenced when the inner wire core 2 is in a high-temperature state is avoided, meanwhile, the evaporated ethanol solution enables the air pressure in the cooling cavities 11 to be increased, the expansion plug 13 is opened by the increased air pressure, so that the ethanol solution enters the capillary pipeline 12, and the cooling cavities 11 are in a conduction state, so that the outer-layer protecting sleeve 1 in the high-temperature environment not only generates a flame retardant effect, but also can isolate the external high temperature from the inside, so that the cable works normally, meanwhile, a certain amount of heat can be generated when the inside of the cable is electrified, and the temperature of the cable is rapidly, cooling chamber 11 can also cool down the processing to inside this moment, and then reduce inside temperature, and when the inside electric current of cable surpassed its working range of self and lead to the cable to blow simultaneously, cooling chamber 11 and outer protecting pipe 1 can be kept apart high temperature and external world effectively, avoids inside electric wire to burn through outer protecting pipe 1 and causes the conflagration.
As an embodiment of the invention, the cable further comprises a wire core 2, an insulating layer 3 and a thin film layer 4; the insulating layer 3 is in a round tube shape, and the surface of the insulating layer is fixedly connected with evenly distributed bearing plates 31; uniform air bubbles 32 are distributed in the bearing plate 31; the bearing plate 31 is filled with inert gas at uniform intervals in the extrusion molding process of the bearing plate 31, and then bubbles 32 filled with the inert gas are formed; a wire core 2 consisting of a plurality of communication wires is wrapped in the cavity of the insulating layer 3; the thin film layer 4 is uniformly covered on the surface of the insulating layer 3; the film layer 4 is made of PET or fluororesin and has a thickness of 4 μm or more; the surface of the thin film layer 4 is designed to be rough; fillers are filled between the thin film layer 4 and the outer layer protective sleeve 1; when the cable works, the wire core 2 is wrapped by the insulating layer 3, the bearing plate 31 uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the insulating layer 3 can effectively enhance the bearing and pressure resistance of the cable by utilizing the flexibility of the bearing plate 31, the uniform bubbles 32 in the bearing plate 31 enhance the flexibility of the bearing plate 31 to be matched with the filler between the thin film layer 4 and the outer sheath tube 1, the influence of external pressure on the inside of the cable can be effectively relieved, meanwhile, the inert gas filled in the bubbles 32 can effectively relieve the heat generated when the inner wire core 2 normally works, meanwhile, when the cable is in a high-temperature environment, under the baking of the external high-temperature environment, the plasticizer and the coupling agent added in the outer sheath tube 1 are gasified and easily diffused to the inside under the high temperature difference between the inside and the outside, and the plasticizer diffused to the inside of the cable is blocked through the thin film layer 4, therefore, the plasticizer is prevented from slowly permeating into the insulating layer 3, and if the plasticizer and the coupling agent permeate into the insulating layer 3, the dielectric constant of the insulating layer 3 can be changed, so that the shielding performance of the insulating layer 3 on the electromagnetic waves generated by the wire core 2 is reduced.
As an embodiment of the invention, the filler is mixed powder of nano ceramic powder and talcum powder which are mixed according to a ratio of 1: 1; when the cable sheath pipe works, the outer-layer sheath pipe 1 is baked in an external high-temperature environment, the internal plasticizer and the coupling agent are gasified under the action of a large temperature difference, the gasified plasticizer and the coupling agent are not contacted with the insulating layer 3 under the interception of the thin film layer 4, meanwhile, when gas passes through the filler, the planned plasticizer and the coupling agent are adsorbed by the nano ceramic material and the talcum powder with excellent adsorption performance, the phenomenon that when the thin film is damaged, the gasified plasticizer and the coupling agent directly permeate into the insulating layer 3 to cause the reduction of the shielding performance of the insulating layer 3 is avoided, meanwhile, the talcum powder and the nano ceramic powder are filled between the insulating layer 3 and the outer-layer sheath layer to effectively adsorb external moisture when the outer-layer sheath layer is damaged, so that the outer layer is condensed into a shell, and the external moisture and the like are prevented from entering the inside.
As an embodiment of the invention, a heat-conducting silica gel layer 5 is fixedly connected between the wire core 2 and the insulating layer 3; the surface of one side, far away from the wire core 2, of the heat-conducting silicon adhesive layer 5 is fixedly connected with heat-conducting wires 51 which are uniformly distributed; the heat conducting wires 51 penetrate through the insulating layer 2 and the thin film layer 4; expansion balls 52 which are uniformly distributed are arranged between the thin film layer 4 and the outer-layer protective sleeve 1; a first cavity 53 is formed inside the expansion ball 52; the first cavity 53 is filled with solid iodine; the expansion balls 52 correspond to the heat conducting wires 51 one by one, and the heat conducting wires 51 penetrate through the expansion balls 52 and extend into the first cavity 53; the expansion ball 52 is made of thermal expansion material; when the cable works, heat is generated when current passes through the cable core 2, the heat is dissipated outwards and absorbed by the heat-conducting silica gel layer 5, so that the heat is conducted to the inside of the expansion ball 52 through the heat-conducting wires 51 on the heat-conducting silica gel layer 5, after the heat is conducted to the inside of the expansion ball 52 continuously, the expansion ball 52 is made of thermal expansion materials, the expansion ball 52 expands due to continuous heat, meanwhile, solid iodine in the first cavity 53 in the expansion ball 52 continuously absorbs the heat, so that the iodine which is solid at normal temperature is evaporated into iodine steam, the effect of cooling the inside of the cable is achieved, when the temperature in the cable is overhigh, all the solid iodine is evaporated into the iodine steam which is matched with the expansion ball 52 to absorb heat and expand, the volume of the expansion ball 52 is obviously increased, the expansion ball 52 with the increased volume extrudes the outer sheath tube 1, so that the outer sheath tube 1 is locally deformed, and the outer surface of the outer sheath tube, thereby effectively increasing the surface area of the outer sheath pipe 1 and further enhancing the heat dissipation capacity of the outer sheath pipe 1.
The specific working process is as follows:
when the cable is in work, the cooling cavities 11 which are uniformly distributed are arranged in the outer-layer protecting sleeve 1, 50% ethanol solution is infused into the inner part to effectively enable the cable to be in a high-temperature environment, the high temperature transmitted into the outer-layer protecting sleeve 1 enables the ethanol solution to be evaporated, so that heat is absorbed, the phenomenon that the normal work of the cable is influenced when the inner wire core 2 is in a high-temperature state is avoided, meanwhile, the evaporated ethanol solution enables the air pressure in the cooling cavities 11 to be increased, the expansion plug 13 is opened by the increased air pressure, so that the ethanol solution enters the capillary pipeline 12, and the cooling cavities 11 are in a conduction state, so that the outer-layer protecting sleeve 1 in the high-temperature environment not only generates a flame retardant effect, but also can isolate the external high temperature from the inside, so that the cable works normally, meanwhile, a certain amount of heat can be generated when the inside of the cable is electrified, and the temperature of the cable is rapidly, cooling chamber 11 can also cool down the processing to inside this moment, and then reduce inside temperature, simultaneously when the inside electric current of cable surpasss its self working range and leads to the cable to blow, cooling chamber 11 and outer protecting pipe 1 can be effectively keep apart high temperature and external world, avoid inside electric wire to burn through outer protecting pipe 1 and cause the conflagration, simultaneously because plasticizer and the coupling agent that add in outer protecting pipe 1 are under the toast of external high temperature environment, the plasticizer is very easily gasified and inside diffusion under the higher difference in temperature inside and outside, the plasticizer to the inside diffusion of cable is intercepted when thin layer 4, thereby avoid in the slow infiltration insulating layer 3 of plasticizer, plasticizer and coupling agent if in infiltration insulating layer 3, can make insulating layer 3 dielectric constant change, lead to insulating layer 3 to the electromagnetic wave's that sinle silk 2 produced shielding performance reduces.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (7)

1. A communications cable, characterized by: comprises an outer layer protective sleeve (1); the outer sheath pipe (1) is composed of the following raw materials:
85-90 parts by weight of polyolefin; 5-8 parts of glass fiber yarns; 6-10 parts by weight of clay; 3-4 parts of plant ash; 2-3 parts of acetyl tributyl citrate; 2-4 parts of gum; 0.6-1 part by weight of a silane coupling agent; 1.5-2 parts by weight of stearic acid; 0.7-0.9 parts of white carbon black; 4-5 parts by weight of electrolytic zinc acid leaching residues;
the polyolefin is an ethylene-octene copolymer; the gum is acacia;
the preparation method of the outer sheath pipe (1) comprises the following steps:
s1: introducing polyolefin, clay, glass fiber yarns, plant ash, a silane coupling agent, stearic acid and electrolytic zinc acid leaching residue into a high-speed stirrer according to the proportion, stirring at the speed of 600r/min for 10min, and then melting and blending at 170 ℃ for 10min to obtain a sizing material;
s2: crosslinking the rubber material obtained in the step S1 at 170-180 ℃ for 30min, adding acetyl tri-n-butyl citrate, gum and white carbon black according to the proportion, controlling a high-speed stirrer to slowly stir at the speed of 280-320 r/min for 15-20 min, standing for 10-15 min after stirring is finished, and waiting for the completion of the physicochemical reaction to obtain a mixture;
s3: adding the mixture obtained in the step S2 into a double-screw extruder for melt blending, repeatedly melting, blending and extruding for 2-3 times at the operating temperature of the double-screw extruder of 150-180 ℃ and the screw rotating speed of 60-80 r/min, and then granulating to obtain granules;
s4: and (4) adding the granules obtained in the step (S3) into a basic forming machine for forming, sizing, drawing, cutting and cooling to obtain the outer-layer protective sleeve (1) for later use.
2. A communications cable according to claim 1, wherein: the raw materials also comprise a static electricity removing additive; the static electricity removing additive is a mixture of graphene powder, tin dioxide nano powder and glycerol.
3. A communications cable according to claim 1, wherein: wherein the raw materials also comprise metal wires and iron-silicon-aluminum wave-absorbing magnetic powder; the metal wire is a metal wire formed by melting and stretching aluminum alloy; the length of the metal wire is larger than the maximum diameter of the outer layer protecting sleeve (1).
4. A communications cable according to claim 1, wherein: cooling cavities (11) which are longitudinally distributed are uniformly arranged in the outer sheath layer; the cooling cavity (11) is designed in an annular shape; capillary pipelines (12) which are uniformly arranged are arranged between every two adjacent cooling cavities (11), and expansion plugs (13) are fixedly connected to the capillary pipelines (12) at the openings in the cooling cavities (11); the expansion plug (13) has one-way conductivity, and the expansion plug (13) is in a closed state in an initial state; the cooling cavity (11) is filled with ethanol solution; the ethanol solution accounts for half of the volume of the cooling cavity (11).
5. A communications cable according to claim 1, wherein: the cable also comprises a wire core (2), an insulating layer (3) and a thin film layer (4); the insulating layer (3) is in a round tube shape, and the surface of the insulating layer is fixedly connected with evenly distributed bearing plates (31); the bearing plate (31) is internally distributed with uniform bubbles (32); the bearing plate (31) is filled with inert gas at uniform intervals in the extrusion molding process of the bearing plate (31), and then bubbles (32) filled with the inert gas are formed; a wire core (2) formed by a plurality of communication wires is wrapped in the cavity of the insulating layer (3); the thin film layer (4) is uniformly covered on the surface of the insulating layer (3); the film layer (4) is made of PET or fluororesin and has a thickness of more than 4 mu m; the surface of the thin film layer (4) is designed to be rough; and a filler is filled between the thin film layer (4) and the outer layer protecting sleeve (1).
6. A communications cable according to claim 5, wherein: the filler is mixed powder of nano ceramic powder and talcum powder which are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 1.
7. A communications cable according to claim 4, wherein: a heat-conducting silica gel layer (5) is fixedly connected between the wire core (2) and the insulating layer (3); the surface of one side, away from the wire core (2), of the heat-conducting silica gel layer (5) is fixedly connected with heat-conducting wires (51) which are uniformly distributed; the heat conducting wires (51) penetrate through the insulating layer (3) and the thin film layer (4); expansion balls (52) which are uniformly distributed are arranged between the thin film layer (4) and the outer layer protecting sleeve (1); a first cavity (53) is formed in the expansion ball (52); solid iodine is filled in the first cavity (53); the expansion balls (52) are in one-to-one correspondence with the heat conducting wires (51), and the heat conducting wires (51) penetrate through the expansion balls (52) and extend into the first cavity (53); the expansion ball (52) is made of a thermal expansion (53) material.
CN202010154193.1A 2020-03-07 2020-03-07 Communication cable Pending CN111269487A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112397235A (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-02-23 居盛文 Self-supporting high-flame-retardant metal shielding monitoring type flexible cable for coal mine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105237867A (en) * 2014-04-21 2016-01-13 赵月 Cable sheath tube preparation method
CN108831613A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-11-16 张锐 A kind of core is displaced small power cable
CN109401028A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-03-01 徐州利恒电气工程有限公司 The preparation method of environment protection type high-strength fireproof cable line

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105237867A (en) * 2014-04-21 2016-01-13 赵月 Cable sheath tube preparation method
CN105237866A (en) * 2014-04-21 2016-01-13 赵月 Electric cable
CN108831613A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-11-16 张锐 A kind of core is displaced small power cable
CN109401028A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-03-01 徐州利恒电气工程有限公司 The preparation method of environment protection type high-strength fireproof cable line

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112397235A (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-02-23 居盛文 Self-supporting high-flame-retardant metal shielding monitoring type flexible cable for coal mine
CN112397235B (en) * 2020-10-12 2022-03-08 居盛文 Self-supporting high-flame-retardant metal shielding monitoring type flexible cable for coal mine

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