CN111268881A - Sludge reduction system charcoal system - Google Patents
Sludge reduction system charcoal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111268881A CN111268881A CN202010166115.3A CN202010166115A CN111268881A CN 111268881 A CN111268881 A CN 111268881A CN 202010166115 A CN202010166115 A CN 202010166115A CN 111268881 A CN111268881 A CN 111268881A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sludge reduction and charcoal making system which comprises a drying and crushing module, a pyrolysis and incineration module, a product collection module, a circulation module, an automatic control module and a movable vehicle-mounted module. The method comprises the steps of feeding high-water-content sludge into a drying and crushing module for collection, drying and crushing to obtain sludge particles, feeding the sludge particles into a pyrolysis and incineration module for pyrolysis, separation and incineration to obtain high-quality carbon, and collecting, cooling and storing the high-water-content sludge by using a product collection module; utilize the mud pyrolysis to produce oil gas in pyrolysis and burning module and burn and provide the heat for the pyrolysis, realize the circulation. The system has compact structure, is convenient to move, disassemble and replace, has high heating efficiency, has the characteristics of strong reduction capacity, cleanness and no pollution for sludge treatment, can be applied to the places of small and medium-sized enterprises with certain sludge treatment requirements, and realizes the on-site harmless, resource and reduction treatment of sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage and sludge treatment, in particular to a sludge reduction and carbon preparation system.
Background
With the rapid advance of the urbanization construction step in China in recent years, the construction of urban infrastructure obtains the leap-type development achievement, the sewage treatment capacity and treatment rate in China are continuously improved, and the output of urban sludge which is a main byproduct of sewage treatment is also rapidly increased. The sludge is not only huge in quantity, but also complex in components, contains a large amount of bacteria, microorganisms, toxic and harmful heavy metals and other substances, and causes serious pollution to the environment when being improperly disposed.
At present, sludge treatment mainly comprises modes of landfill, composting, incineration and pyrolysis; the landfill method not only occupies a large amount of land, but also causes pollution of underground water, air, soil and the like due to leakage of percolate; the compost treatment period is long, the productivity is low, the compost is greatly influenced by raw materials and the environmental temperature, the quality of the compost is low at present, the heavy metal contained in the compost easily causes secondary pollution of soil, and the large-scale and intensification are difficult to realize; incineration is used as a mature thermochemical treatment technology, but carcinogens such as dioxin, furan and the like are generated and heavy metal pollutants are discharged during incineration, and in addition, the problems of low energy conversion rate, serious alkali metal corrosion and the like exist in the incineration process; in contrast, oil gas with fuel utilization value and resource products such as carbon residue with a porous structure and capable of being used as an adsorbent substitute product can be obtained through pyrolysis, the generation of pollutants is effectively controlled, and the method is an effective way for sludge reduction and resource utilization.
However, at present, in any mode, sludge needs to be collected and transported for centralized treatment; however, the sludge has high water content, is difficult to collect, dry, store and transport and has high cost, most large-scale sewage discharge enterprises select to install sludge dewatering and drying equipment at the tail of sewage treatment for drying, collect and intensively treat the dried sludge, and the transportation cost and difficulty are reduced as much as possible by the method; however, the method is not suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises which do not continuously discharge sewage, and causes overhigh enterprise cost, serious resource waste and poor economic benefit; due to the large number and wide dispersion, if the sludge is transported to a designated place for centralized treatment, the transportation and storage cost is extremely high, and the problem of secondary pollution is likely to occur once the untreated sludge is not treated properly in the process of storage and transportation.
Therefore, the sludge in-situ reduction and carbon preparation system is designed to solve the problem that the sludge is on site, the sludge is reduced and carbon preparation is carried out by utilizing the energy of the sludge as much as possible, the reduction and resource utilization of the sludge are realized, and the sludge treatment cost is reduced, which is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a sludge reduction and charcoal making system which is compact in structure, has the clear modularization characteristic, is convenient to move, disassemble and replace, has strong sludge treatment and reduction capacity, is clean and pollution-free, can be applied to the places of small and medium-sized enterprises with certain sludge treatment requirements, realizes the on-site treatment of sludge, reduces the sludge treatment cost of the small and medium-sized enterprises, and solves the problems that the sludge is large in number and wide in dispersion, and if the sludge is uniformly transported to a specified place for centralized treatment, the extremely high transportation and storage cost is brought, and secondary pollution is likely to occur once the untreated sludge is improperly treated in the storage and transportation process.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a sludge reduction and carbon production system, which comprises a drying and crushing module, a carbon production module and a carbon production module, wherein the drying and crushing module is used for drying, crushing and screening sludge; the pyrolysis and incineration module is used for sludge pyrolysis and pyrolysis oil gas incineration; the circulation module is used for supporting a heat carrier and oil-gas circulation;
the drying and crushing module comprises a drying box, a crusher and a vibrating screen separator; the pyrolysis and incineration module comprises a pyrolysis chamber, an isolation air chamber, an incineration chamber, a second cyclone separator and a second air compressor; the circulating module comprises a first cyclone separator, a high-temperature material storage tank, a high-temperature discharge valve, a first induced draft fan, a spiral conveyor, a first air compressor and a second induced draft fan;
the pyrolysis chamber of the pyrolysis and incineration module comprises a high-temperature heat carrier inlet, a first pyrolysis oil gas inlet, a pyrolysis oil gas outlet and a low-temperature heat carrier outlet, wherein the high-temperature heat carrier inlet is connected with the high-temperature material storage tank, the first pyrolysis oil gas inlet is connected with an outlet of a first induced draft fan, the pyrolysis oil gas outlet is connected with an inlet of a second cyclone separator, and the low-temperature heat carrier outlet is connected with an inlet of a spiral conveyor;
the incineration chamber of pyrolysis and incineration module includes low temperature heat carrier import, second pyrolysis oil gas import, air intlet, exhanst gas outlet, high temperature heat carrier export, and wherein low temperature heat carrier import links to each other with first air compressor export, and second pyrolysis oil gas import links to each other with second draught fan export, and air intlet links to each other with the export of keeping apart the air chamber, and keeps apart the air inlet second air compressor export of air chamber and link to each other, and high temperature heat carrier export links to each other with first cyclone entry.
Furthermore, the pyrolysis chamber of the pyrolysis and incineration module is a bubbling fluidized bed, and the incineration chamber of the pyrolysis and incineration module is a fast fluidized bed. Mud carries out pyrolytic reaction in the pyrolysis chamber, and the oil gas that the pyrolysis produced burns in the incineration chamber, provides the heat for the pyrolytic reaction in the pyrolysis chamber, carries the heat through the heat carrier.
Furthermore, the isolation air chamber is positioned between the pyrolysis chamber and the incineration chamber, and an outlet of the isolation air chamber is connected with an air inlet of the incineration chamber. The temperature difference between the pyrolysis chamber and the incineration chamber is kept by the isolation air chamber through flowing gas, so that the pyrolysis chamber and the incineration chamber are not influenced mutually, and the system structure is compact; the arrangement of the heat-insulating layer is reduced, so that the system is light and convenient, and convenience is provided for movement; the air is preheated by utilizing the heat dissipation of the pyrolysis chamber and the incineration chamber, and the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved.
Furthermore, a high-temperature discharge valve is arranged below the high-temperature material storage tank, and the discharge rate of the high-temperature material storage tank is controlled by the high-temperature discharge valve. The high-temperature discharge valve can accurately and quickly control the input speed of the heat carrier, and the continuous and reliable operation of the system is ensured.
Further, the system also comprises a product collection module for collecting the carbon product, an automatic control module for controlling the system and a mobile vehicle-mounted module for carrying the system.
Furthermore, the product collection module comprises a closed high-temperature conveyer belt conveyor and a water-cooling storage tank, wherein an inlet of the closed high-temperature conveyer belt conveyor is connected with an outlet of the second cyclone separator, and an inlet of the water-cooling storage tank is connected with an outlet of the closed high-temperature conveyer belt conveyor. The whole collection process system is kept closed, the reducing atmosphere is kept, and the carbon product is prevented from being burnt at high temperature to influence the product quality.
Further, the automation control module comprises an integrated electronic control cabinet, and the integrated electronic control cabinet is respectively connected with the drying box, the crusher, the vibrating screen separator, the high-temperature discharge valve, the first induced draft fan, the spiral conveyor, the first air compressor, the second air compressor and the second induced draft fan. The integrated electronic control cabinet is used for controlling the temperature of the drying box, the rotating speed of a motor of the crusher, the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen separator, the opening degree of the high-temperature baiting valve, the air volume and pressure of the first and second induced draft fans, the air volume and pressure of the first and second air compressors and the start and stop of the system.
Furthermore, the mobile vehicle-mounted module is an electric flat car. The mobility of the system is realized.
Has the advantages that: the system of the invention has the following characteristics and advantages:
(1) the system can directly treat the sludge which is not treated in advance on site, saves the cost of sludge collection, storage and transportation and avoids the environmental hazard caused by the cost;
(2) the system of the invention separately arranges the sludge pyrolysis and the oil gas incineration in different reactors, ensures that the two reaction chambers are at different temperatures, and is beneficial to the respective reaction at the optimal temperature without mutual influence;
(3) according to the system, the isolation air chamber is arranged between the pyrolysis chamber and the incineration chamber, and heat is taken away through air flow required by the incinerator, so that a heat insulation effect is achieved; the arrangement of the system heat-insulating layer is reduced, so that the weight of the system is reduced, and the moving performance of the system is improved; the air is preheated by utilizing the heat dissipation of the pyrolysis chamber and the incineration chamber, and the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved.
(4) The system of the invention utilizes the mechanical structures of the high-temperature discharge valve and the screw conveyor to control the heat carrier delivery capacity, and can ensure the control precision, the response speed and the continuous operation capacity of the system;
(5) according to the system, the induced draft fan is used for feeding oil gas generated by sludge pyrolysis into the pyrolysis chamber to serve as fluidized air, so that the reducing atmosphere in the pyrolysis chamber is ensured, and the heat contained in the pyrolysis oil gas is fully utilized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sludge reduction char-making system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:
as shown in FIG. 1, the sludge reduction and carbon production system comprises a drying and crushing module for drying, crushing and screening sludge, and conveying sludge particles to a pyrolysis and incineration module; the drying and crushing module comprises a drying box 1, a crusher 2 and a vibrating screen separator 3, wherein an outlet of the drying box 1 is connected with an inlet of the crusher 2, and an outlet of the crusher 2 is connected with an inlet of the vibrating screen separator 3;
still including the pyrolysis that is used for carrying out the pyrolysis to the mud granule that dry crushing module sent out with burn the module and cooperate the pyrolysis and burn the module, send into pyrolysis chamber 7 with the high temperature heat carrier, the low temperature heat carrier is sent into incineration chamber 9 and is sent into incineration chamber 9 with the pyrolysis oil gas simultaneously and burn, and partial pyrolysis oil gas is used for guaranteeing pyrolysis chamber 7 atmosphere, guarantees the circulation module of system circulation operation.
The pyrolysis and incineration module comprises a pyrolysis chamber 7, an isolation air chamber 8, an incineration chamber 9, a second cyclone separator 10 and a second air compressor 16; the pyrolysis chamber 7 of the pyrolysis and incineration module is a bubbling fluidized bed, the incineration chamber 9 of the pyrolysis and incineration module is a fast fluidized bed, sludge is subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis chamber 7, oil gas generated by pyrolysis is incinerated in the incineration chamber 9 to provide heat for the pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis chamber 7, and heat is carried by a heat carrier; meanwhile, an isolation air chamber 8 is positioned between the pyrolysis chamber 7 and the incineration chamber 9, and the outlet of the isolation air chamber 8 is connected with the air inlet of the incineration chamber 9. The temperature difference between the pyrolysis chamber 7 and the incineration chamber 9 is kept by the isolation air chamber 8 through flowing gas, so that the two chambers are not influenced with each other, and the system structure is compact; the arrangement of the heat-insulating layer is reduced, so that the system is light and convenient, and convenience is provided for movement; the heat dissipation of the pyrolysis chamber 7 and the incineration chamber 9 is used for preheating the air, so that the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved.
The circulating module comprises a first cyclone separator 4, a high-temperature material storage tank 5, a high-temperature discharge valve 6, a first induced draft fan 13, a spiral conveyor 14, a first air compressor 15 and a second induced draft fan 17;
the pyrolysis chamber 7 of the pyrolysis and incineration module comprises a high-temperature heat carrier inlet, a first pyrolysis oil gas inlet, a pyrolysis oil gas outlet and a low-temperature heat carrier outlet, wherein the high-temperature heat carrier inlet is connected with the high-temperature material storage tank 5, the discharging speed of the high-temperature material storage tank 5 is controlled by a high-temperature discharging valve 6, and the high-temperature discharging valve 6 controls the speed of the heat carrier entering the pyrolysis chamber 7, so that the operating temperature in the pyrolysis chamber 7 is controlled; the first pyrolysis oil gas inlet is connected with the outlet of a first induced draft fan 13, and the fan is used for overcoming the pipeline resistance to ensure that the oil gas smoothly enters the pyrolysis chamber 7 to be used as fluidized air; the pyrolysis oil gas outlet is connected with the inlet of the second cyclone separator 10, the low-temperature heat carrier outlet is connected with the inlet of the screw conveyor 14, and smooth flow of the low-temperature heat carrier is ensured by the screw conveyor 14; the mechanical structures of the high-temperature discharge valve 6 and the screw conveyor 14 are utilized to control the heat carrier conveying capacity, so that the control precision, the response speed and the continuous operation capacity of the system can be ensured;
the incineration chamber 9 of the pyrolysis and incineration module comprises a low-temperature heat carrier inlet, a second pyrolysis oil gas inlet, an air inlet, a flue gas outlet and a high-temperature heat carrier outlet, wherein the low-temperature heat carrier inlet is connected with the outlet of the first air compressor 15, the second pyrolysis oil gas inlet is connected with the outlet of the second induced draft fan 17, and the pressure of the induced draft fan is utilized to overcome the resistance of a pipeline, so that pyrolysis oil gas is guaranteed to smoothly enter the incineration chamber 9 for incineration; the air inlet is connected with the outlet of the isolation air chamber 8, the air inlet of the isolation air chamber 8 is connected with the outlet of the second air compressor 16, the air compressor is used for providing the air quantity required by the incineration chamber 9, and the high-temperature heat carrier outlet is connected with the inlet of the first cyclone separator 4.
The sludge reduction charcoal making system also comprises a product collecting module for collecting charcoal products produced by the pyrolysis and incineration module, wherein the product collecting module comprises a closed high-temperature conveyer belt conveyor 11 and a water-cooling storage tank 12, an inlet of the closed high-temperature conveyer belt conveyor 11 is connected with an outlet of the second cyclone separator 10, and the pyrolysis charcoal is conveyed to an outlet of the closed high-temperature conveyer belt conveyor 11 by mechanical conveying; an inlet of the water-cooling storage tank 12 is connected with an outlet of the closed high-temperature conveyer belt conveyor 11, and the pyrolytic carbon enters the water-cooling storage tank 12 and then is cooled; the whole collection process system is kept closed, the reducing atmosphere is kept, and the carbon product is prevented from being burnt at high temperature to influence the product quality.
The system also comprises an automatic control module for controlling the drying and crushing module, the pyrolysis and incineration module, the circulation module and the product collection module, wherein the automatic control module comprises an integrated electronic control cabinet 18, and the integrated electronic control cabinet 18 is respectively connected with the drying box 1, the crusher 2, the vibrating screen separator 3, the high-temperature discharge valve 6, the first induced draft fan 13, the spiral conveyor 14, the first air compressor 15, the second air compressor 16 and the second induced draft fan 17; the integrated electronic control cabinet 18 is used for controlling the temperature of the drying box 1, the rotating speed of a motor of the crusher 2, the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen separator 3, the opening degree of the high-temperature baiting valve 6, the air volume and pressure of the first and second induced draft fans, the air volume and pressure of the first and second air compressors and the start and stop of the system.
The system also comprises a mobile vehicle-mounted module used for bearing the drying and crushing module, the pyrolysis and incineration module, the circulation module, the product collection module and the automation control module, wherein the mobile vehicle-mounted module can be an electric flat car or other mobile devices, and the mobility of the system is realized.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a mud minimizing system charcoal system which characterized in that: comprises a drying and crushing module used for drying, crushing and screening the sludge; the pyrolysis and incineration module is used for sludge pyrolysis and pyrolysis oil gas incineration; the circulation module is used for supporting a heat carrier and oil-gas circulation;
the drying and crushing module comprises a drying box, a crusher and a vibrating screen separator; the pyrolysis and incineration module comprises a pyrolysis chamber, an isolation air chamber, an incineration chamber, a second cyclone separator and a second air compressor; the circulating module comprises a first cyclone separator, a high-temperature material storage tank, a high-temperature discharge valve, a first induced draft fan, a spiral conveyor, a first air compressor and a second induced draft fan;
the pyrolysis chamber of the pyrolysis and incineration module comprises a high-temperature heat carrier inlet, a first pyrolysis oil gas inlet, a pyrolysis oil gas outlet and a low-temperature heat carrier outlet, wherein the high-temperature heat carrier inlet is connected with the high-temperature material storage tank, the first pyrolysis oil gas inlet is connected with an outlet of a first induced draft fan, the pyrolysis oil gas outlet is connected with an inlet of a second cyclone separator, and the low-temperature heat carrier outlet is connected with an inlet of a spiral conveyor;
the incineration chamber of pyrolysis and incineration module includes low temperature heat carrier import, second pyrolysis oil gas import, air intlet, exhanst gas outlet, high temperature heat carrier export, and wherein low temperature heat carrier import links to each other with first air compressor export, and second pyrolysis oil gas import links to each other with second draught fan export, and air intlet links to each other with the export of keeping apart the air chamber, and keeps apart the air inlet second air compressor export of air chamber and link to each other, and high temperature heat carrier export links to each other with first cyclone entry.
2. The system for reducing and preparing the charcoal by the sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the pyrolysis chamber of pyrolysis and incineration module is bubbling fluidized bed, and the incineration chamber of pyrolysis and incineration module is fast fluidized bed.
3. The system for reducing and preparing the charcoal by the sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the isolation air chamber is positioned between the pyrolysis chamber and the incineration chamber, and an outlet of the isolation air chamber is connected with an air inlet of the incineration chamber.
4. The system for reducing and preparing the charcoal by the sludge according to claim 1, wherein: and a high-temperature discharge valve is arranged below the high-temperature material storage tank, and the discharge rate of the high-temperature material storage tank is controlled by the high-temperature discharge valve.
5. The sludge reduction and carbon production system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the system also comprises a product collection module for collecting the carbon product, an automatic control module for controlling the system and a mobile vehicle-mounted module for carrying the system.
6. The system for reducing and preparing the charcoal by the sludge according to claim 5, wherein: the product collecting module comprises a closed high-temperature conveyer belt conveyor and a water-cooling storage tank, wherein the inlet of the closed high-temperature conveyer belt conveyor is connected with the outlet of the second cyclone separator, and the inlet of the water-cooling storage tank is connected with the outlet of the closed high-temperature conveyer belt conveyor.
7. The system for reducing and preparing the charcoal by the sludge according to claim 5, wherein: the automatic control module comprises an integrated electronic control cabinet, and the integrated electronic control cabinet is respectively connected with the drying box, the crusher, the vibrating screen separator, the high-temperature discharge valve, the first induced draft fan, the spiral conveyor, the first air compressor, the second air compressor and the second induced draft fan.
8. The system for reducing and preparing the charcoal by the sludge according to claim 5, wherein: the mobile vehicle-mounted module is an electric flat car.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112108249A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal slime drying and crushing device and drying and crushing method |
CN114772882A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 东南大学 | Device and method for preparing charcoal by virtue of two-stage fluidized bed pyrolysis of sewage sludge |
CN114772882B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2024-05-31 | 东南大学 | Device and method for preparing carbon by pyrolysis of sewage sludge two-stage fluidized bed |
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