CN103162298A - Processing method of rubbish or dirt - Google Patents
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- CN103162298A CN103162298A CN2013100765117A CN201310076511A CN103162298A CN 103162298 A CN103162298 A CN 103162298A CN 2013100765117 A CN2013100765117 A CN 2013100765117A CN 201310076511 A CN201310076511 A CN 201310076511A CN 103162298 A CN103162298 A CN 103162298A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method of rubbish or dirt. The processing method of the rubbish and the dirt is characterized in that distillation fission is conducted on the rubbish or the dirt and the processing method of the rubbish and the dirt comprises the following steps: 1, the rubbish or the dirt is crushed; 2, a spiral squeezing device is applied to automatically convey the rubbish and the dirt; 3, gas generated by biomass particles in a hypoxia and incomplete combustion condition is sufficiently burnt in a high temperature layer, enough heat energy is generated to dry the rubbish or the dirt, and then destructive distillation fission is conducted on the rubbish or the dirt in a destructive distillation fission processing zone; 4, after the destructive distillation fission is conducted on the rubbish or the dirt, obtained solid is cooled, the gas is stored, the solid and the gas are reused through a burning process, the reusing comprises power generation, power supply and inorganic slag powder brick making. The processing method of the rubbish or the dirt is environmental-friendly, energy-saving, low in cost, high in reuse ratio, and capable of saving a large quantity of land resources, reducing burden of environmental protection bureaus and improving city life quality, and capable of promoting city economy development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of rubbish or Treatment of Sludge, is the processing method of rubbish or mud specifically.
Background technology
Rubbish is a kind of renewable resource, if effective resources integration can be created huge economic benefit, government department also more and more payes attention to the recovery problem of waste resources at present.Along with the urbanization process of industrialization is accelerated, the construction dynamics of following China Municipal Solid-state Garbage-disposal Facilities will significantly increase.
The garbage disposal industry is having the huge market capacity, according to statistics, nearly 500,000,000 tons of all kinds of rubbish of the annual discharging in the whole world, Chinese main cities is produced 1500000000 tons of house refuses per year, and soaring in the speed with annual 8%～10%.Ministry of Construction's investigation result in 2010 shows in city, more than 600, the whole nation have just be absorbed in the rubbish tight encirclement by the enemy more than 1/3, and rubbish is stored up accumulative total and occupied with 500,000,000 square metres of land areas.Chinese city every year because of recrementitious loss up to 25,000,000,000 to 30,000,000,000 yuan.Be subjected to the restricted influence of technology of garbage disposal.By 2010, the municipal refuse of China 97% can only adopt the mode simple process of stacking or landfill.This rubbish quagmire, degree of spreading out becomes an industrial crisis that sweeps across the whole society.
The problem that common garbage disposal faces is: 1) processing method is simple, single, and many renewable rubbish are difficult to reclaim.2) the rubbish increment can't bear the heavy load, organic matter, and combustible content, refuse thermal value constantly rises.3) backward in technique, Introduced From Abroad equipment, the investment high yield is low.4) generating efficiency is low, causes the ample resources waste, 5) face the severe contamination problem, cause the huge injury of environment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of environmental protection, energy-conservation, cost is low, the rubbish that the recycling rate is high or the processing method of mud.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The processing method of a kind of rubbish or mud is characterized in that rubbish or mud are carried out destructive distillation fission processing, comprises the following steps:
1) rubbish or mud carry out fragmentation;
2) use helix extrusion device that rubbish or mud automation are transmitted;
3) gas that utilizes biological particles to produce in the unburnt situation of hypoxemia is fully burned at heat zone, produces enough heat energy and makes rubbish or mud carry out drying, and then at destructive distillation fission treatment region, rubbish or mud are carried out the destructive distillation fission;
4) after rubbish or mud destructive distillation fission, the gained solid carries out cooling, and gained gas stores, and recycles after gained solid and gas are processed by burning.
Described recycling comprises generating power supply and inorganic pulverized slag brickmaking.
described step 3) in, the destructive distillation of rubbish or mud fission is to carry out in a low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant, described low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant comprises body of heater and control system, be provided with air inlet on body of heater, the hot blast delivery outlet, the fuel input port, also be provided with feed conveying system and discharge pipe system on body of heater, be provided with the low oxygen combustion district in body of heater, high temperature combustion zone and heat energy output area, the low oxygen combustion district is positioned at the bottom of body of heater, high temperature combustion zone is positioned at the middle part of body of heater, the heat energy output area is positioned at the top of body of heater, the hot blast delivery outlet is connected with the heat energy output area, air inlet, the fuel input port all is connected with the low oxygen combustion district, described high temperature combustion zone is the destructive distillation fissile region.
Described body of heater is provided with the flame-observing hole in low oxygen combustion district, and high temperature combustion zone is provided with humiture and detects and governor motion.
The fuel that burns in described low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant is biomass granule fuel, biomass granule fuel and rubbish or mud destructive distillation fission respectively two independently the space be that low oxygen combustion district and high temperature combustion zone carry out, stage intensification by the biological particles combustion chamber, with the evaporation of the moisture in rubbish or mud, organic matter solidifies and carbonization gradually.
described helix extrusion device is screw conveyer device, comprise auger, conveyance conduit, drive unit and charging aperture, charging aperture is connected with conveyance conduit, the screw extrusion structure for conveying is arranged in conveyance conduit, drive unit and screw extrusion structure for conveying are in transmission connection, conveyance conduit is provided with the gas collection pipeline, the gas collection pipeline comprises the aiutage that is arranged side by side, also be connected with the heat delivery pipe-line system at described conveyance conduit, comprise blower fan, tube connector, tube connector, conveyance conduit passes through tube connector, blower fan is connected with the low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant, rubbish or mud carry out preliminarily dried taste removal processing in transmission like this.
Described step 2 and step 3) also have outer hot heating stove and temperature-control circuit thereof so that heat energy to be provided.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages.
Do not have chimney when 1) rubbish or mud destructive distillation are processed, not waste air and dioxin, the link of baking bricks in recycling, every cube of detection dioxins concentration of its tail gas is 0.023～0.029 nanogram only, and existing national standard 1 nanogram/every cube, as seen European Union's standard 0.1 nanogram/every cube meets national standard and European Union's standard fully.
2) rubbish or mud are processed in overall process in destructive distillation fission, non-exhaust emission, without other pollution.Show according to related data, 4000～7000 cubic metres of the about discharging waste gas of waste incineration per ton are all greenhouse gases, cause the climate change of the earth, also are being mingled with NOX, SOX etc. in large quantity of exhaust gas, and this can consist of the pollution to atmosphere.Organic matter decomposes in low temperature distillation rubbish of the present invention generates fuel gas, is all collected and utilizes, and this does not just have toxic emission and other pollution fully.
3) investment of present device and technology, operation, maintenance cost are low.Rubbish or mud destructive distillation fission are processed does not have toxic emission, need not to build smokestack, need not dust treatment; There is no flying dust, need not flying dust and process; There is no the murder by poisoning of dioxin, need not lime-ash and process; Crude waste enters the stove destructive distillation, need not the rubbish pre-treatment, and the heat of consumption is few, need not to add combustion adjuvant.Waste incineration investment is large with regard to having solved for this, operating cost and the high problem of maintenance cost.
4) rubbish need not classification, need not to change the custom of China's disposal of refuse; The garbage disposal reconnaissance is unrestricted, and rubbish can digest on the spot; Low temperature distillation only needs that rubbish is heated to 600～750 ℃ can thorough cracking.Therefore, this processing mode is not only saved the energy, is saved time, but also has improved speed and the efficient of garbage disposal.
5) low temperature distillation can digest various garbage.Because low temperature distillation does not have toxic emission, do not pollute, not only can process the house refuse of mixing, can also process industrial refuse, as waste plastics, junked tire, changing food waste, even medical waste etc.
In a word, environmental-protecting performance of the present invention and effect are remarkable, can save a large amount of land resources, reduce environmental administration's burden, improve Urban life quality, the Driving Urban Economic development.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the functional-block diagram of the processing method of rubbish of the present invention or mud;
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the processing method of rubbish of the present invention or mud;
Fig. 3 uses the structural representation of equipment in the processing method of rubbish of the present invention or mud;
Fig. 4 is the helix extrusion device structural representation that uses in the processing method of rubbish of the present invention or mud;
Fig. 5 is the low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant structural representation that uses in the processing method of rubbish of the present invention or mud.
The specific embodiment
The below is described in further detail the processing method of rubbish of the present invention or mud.
The processing method of rubbish of the present invention or mud is carried out destructive distillation fission processing to rubbish or mud exactly, comprises the following steps:
1) rubbish or mud carry out fragmentation;
2) use helix extrusion device that rubbish or mud automation are transmitted;
3) gas that utilizes biological particles to produce in the unburnt situation of hypoxemia is fully burned at heat zone, produces enough heat energy and makes rubbish or mud carry out drying, and then at destructive distillation fission treatment region, rubbish or mud are carried out the destructive distillation fission;
4) after rubbish or mud destructive distillation fission, the gained solid carries out cooling, and gained gas stores, and recycles after gained solid and gas are processed by burning, recycles wherein that comprising generates electricity powers and inorganic pulverized slag brickmaking.
In step 2 and step 3) in also have outer hot heating stove and temperature-control circuit thereof so that heat energy to be provided.
As Fig. 1, it is the processing method functional-block diagram of rubbish of the present invention or mud, be after rubbish or mud carry out fragmentation, carrying out the destructive distillation fission through the destructive distillation unit processes, the mist that produces is that forming gas passes through to discharge after the gas washing device processes, also can carry out the energy utilization, the oils of generation and organic matter, carbon, inorganic matter carry out the energy utilization, and wherein the energy utilization is mainly for generating by the steam turbine boiler.Can also carry out from destructive distillation unit extension heat energy the drying use of rubbish or mud.
Fig. 2 is process chart in the processing method of rubbish of the present invention or mud, expect conveyer belt wherein, conveyer belt comprises helix extrusion device, and the gradient drying refers to pass through the stage intensification of biological particles combustion chamber in the low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant, the moisture in rubbish or mud is evaporated.Main technique technical research and design relate to the processing procedure of expecting conveyer belt, gradient drying and destructive distillation fission on rubbish or mud.
Fig. 3 is use equipment in the processing method of rubbish of the present invention or mud, comprise helix extrusion device 1, low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant 2 and Material collecting box for harvesting 4, helix extrusion device 1 is connected with low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant 2, discharge nozzle 3 between low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant 2 and Material collecting box for harvesting 4, discharge nozzle 3 has three layers, the middle level is water, take water as medium, the carbide of high temperature is carried out cold true.Be provided with pipeline 210, pipeline 16 on low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant 2, the heat that output produces carries out carbonization to the material after cleaning.
Step 3) in, the destructive distillation of rubbish or mud fission is to carry out in a low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant.as shown in Figure 1, the low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant comprises body of heater 21 and control system, be provided with air inlet 24 on body of heater, hot blast delivery outlet 22, fuel input port 23, also be provided with feed conveying system and discharge pipe system on body of heater, be provided with low oxygen combustion district 25 in body of heater, high temperature combustion zone 26 and heat energy output area 27, low oxygen combustion district 25 is positioned at the bottom of body of heater, the middle part of high-temp combustion position 26 in body of heater, heat energy output area 27 is positioned at the top of body of heater, hot blast delivery outlet 22 is connected with heat energy output area 27, air inlet 24, fuel input port 22 all is connected with low oxygen combustion district 25, described high temperature combustion zone is the destructive distillation fissile region.Be provided with the flame-observing hole 28 in low oxygen combustion district on body of heater, high temperature combustion zone is provided with humiture and detects and governor motion 29.The fuel that burns in the low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant is biomass granule fuel, biomass granule fuel and rubbish or mud destructive distillation fission respectively two independently the space be that low oxygen combustion district and high temperature combustion zone carry out, stage intensification by the biological particles combustion chamber, with the evaporation of the moisture in rubbish or mud, organic matter solidifies and carbonization gradually.All combustion apparatus in low oxygen combustion district 25 are provided with destructive distillation fission device in high temperature combustion zone 26.
As Fig. 2, helix extrusion device is screw conveyer device, comprise auger 14, conveyance conduit 15, drive unit and charging aperture 11, charging aperture 11 is connected with conveyance conduit 15, auger 14 is arranged in conveyance conduit 15, and drive unit and auger 14 are in transmission connection, and conveyance conduit 15 is provided with the gas collection pipeline, the gas collection pipeline comprises the aiutage 13 that is arranged side by side, and wherein aiutage 13 steam that will produce in transport tape is extracted into the outside.Conveyance conduit 15 also is connected with the heat delivery pipe-line system, comprises blower fan 12, tube connector 121, and conveyance conduit 15 is connected with low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant 2 by tube connector 121, blower fan 12, and rubbish or mud carry out preliminarily dried taste removal processing in transmission like this.The heat that low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant 2 is produced through blower fan namely from anterior exhausting to the rear portion.
Core of the present invention is that the exploitation biological particles carries out the low-oxygen high-temperature combustion technology; Be rubbish and the heat supply of mud destructive distillation thermal cracking, this combustion chamber on average per hour consumes biological particles 5-10kg, burning produces the destructive distillation unit of high temperature and exports the high temperature hot gas of 1100 ℃ of left and right, the destructive distillation unit has enough heat energy that the chemical reaction process of rubbish destructive distillation can be carried out fast, the cracking of rubbish destructive distillation unit, process is highly stable.
Low-oxygen high-temperature combustion know-why wherein: the gas that utilizes biological particles to produce in the unburnt situation of hypoxemia is fully burned at heat zone, thereby produce huge heat energy, high temperature furnace is carried out the Split type structure design, the bottom is the low oxygen combustion district, the middle part is high temperature combustion zone, the top is the heat energy output area, reclaim at a part of imflammable gas of destructive distillation fissile region collection and be transported to outer hot combustion furnace, enough heat energy is provided, use this technology to reduce in a large number the use of biological particles, reduce material cost.
The present invention is a kind of production technology equipment that is adapted to all types of rubbish and sludge hot cracking, will need not as traditional trash processing way, rubbish to be classified again; Be adapted to the processing of all domestic wastes and mud:
It is aforementioned low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant that structure is independently processed in the present invention design, also can be referred to as combustion furnace, with the destructive distillation of biomass granule fuel and rubbish respectively two independently the space carry out; By the stage intensification technology of biological particles combustion chamber, with the evaporation of the moisture in rubbish, organic matter solidifies and carbonization gradually, carries out the maximization of component of refuse economic worth;
The present invention designs one and transmits production line, uses the screw extrusion technology that rubbish and mud automation are transferred to destructive distillation fission treatment region, per hour can transmit rubbish or the mud of 10 cubic metres, has originality, energy free of discontinuities production operation in 24 hours;
The present invention is a kind of destructive distillation fission treatment technology, will not produce the pernicious gases such as sulfide, oxycarbide and heavy metal to the processing of rubbish;
By technical scheme of the present invention, have following advantage:
1) the garbage waste material reduction is remarkable.It is lower that burning electricity generation produces efficiency, and heat utilization efficiency is below 80%, and needs constantly add adminicle, be that gigantic project is time-consuming again, and the dangerous refuse poor processing effect of some industrial classes, cause the poisonous danger of this class to be banished in atmosphere, environment is caused significant damage.Rubbish destructive distillation thermal cracking reduction is remarkable, can disposable decrement more than 80%, and disposal of refuse diversification of varieties, can process various solid wastes, comprise long-pending bar that house refuse, industrial refuse, agricultural are discarded and the dangerous refuses such as solid of sewage treatment plant of government, water content is up to the low heat value solid of 80% left and right, and discarded object etc. have reduced the storage capacity of domestic waste.
2) stop dioxin severe contamination problem.As everyone knows, the dioxin contamination of burning electricity generation is serious, even repeatedly breaks out the protest of masses collective.Rubbish destructive distillation thermal cracking project is in manufacturing process, by reducing the hereby generation of body thing of dioxin, fundamentally suppress the generation of dioxin, and the valuable metal in rubbish does not have oxidized, the metals such as the Cu in rubbish, Fe are difficult for generating the dioxin catalyst that promotes generation, crude waste is processed through thermal cracking gasification, can kill various harmful bacterias, really accomplish innoxious, thereby really got rid of the injury of dioxin material to environment and human body, met country fully to the requirement of mark dioxin standard.
3) solving the toxic heavy metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium pollutes.Flying ash is a kind ofly to have simultaneously Leaching Heavy Metals and the highly toxic dual hazardous waste of dioxin-like chemical, and enrichment 92% discharge capacity dioxin in the burning process.From lower boiling mercury, lead, cadmium to other high boiling heavy metals, all has strong genotoxic potential, remain in air, what have is transformed into gaseous state or particulate solid, as pellet PM10, PM2.5, PM2.5 is difficult to breathe out after entering human body by respiratory tract again, ultra-fine grain is deposited on deep lung and enters blood circulation, and its entrained pollutant directly threatens human body, and health is caused great injury.Rubbish destructive distillation thermal cracking process itself is not burning just, does not discharge so just have flying dust to produce, and human body and environment is not impacted.
4) non-secondary pollution, harmless discharge reduces the human injury.Rubbish destructive distillation thermal cracking is to carry out under anoxic, non-burning condition, does not produce sulfide and nitrogen oxide, produces H
2, CO, CH
4Deng imflammable gas, and the fuel of combustion chamber is biological particles, and the biological particles burning only produces CO
2It is harmless discharge, carrying out thermal cracking, rubbish is not carried out sorting yet, so also do not cause secondary pollution, reached the effect without reaching processing, not only be conducive to environment, and reduced injury to health, and meet the direction of social development, more can adapt to the following stricter pollutant emission standard of country.
Claims (7)
1. the processing method of a rubbish or mud is characterized in that rubbish or mud are carried out the destructive distillation fission to be processed, and comprises the following steps:
1) rubbish or mud carry out fragmentation;
2) use helix extrusion device that rubbish or mud automation are transmitted;
3) gas that utilizes biological particles to produce in the unburnt situation of hypoxemia is fully burned at heat zone, produces enough heat energy and makes rubbish or mud carry out drying, and then at destructive distillation fission treatment region, rubbish or mud are carried out the destructive distillation fission;
4) after rubbish or mud destructive distillation fission, the gained solid carries out cooling, and gained gas stores, and recycles after gained solid and gas are processed by burning.
2. the processing method of rubbish according to claim 1 or mud is characterized in that: described recycling comprises generating power supply and inorganic pulverized slag brickmaking.
3. the processing method of rubbish according to claim 1 or mud, it is characterized in that: described step 3), the destructive distillation of rubbish or mud fission is to carry out in a low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant, described low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant comprises body of heater and control system, be provided with air inlet on body of heater, the hot blast delivery outlet, the fuel input port, also be provided with feed conveying system and discharge pipe system on body of heater, be provided with the low oxygen combustion district in body of heater, high temperature combustion zone and heat energy output area, the low oxygen combustion district is positioned at the bottom of body of heater, high temperature combustion zone is positioned at the middle part of body of heater, the heat energy output area is positioned at the top of body of heater, the hot blast delivery outlet is connected with the heat energy output area, air inlet, the fuel input port all is connected with the low oxygen combustion district, described high temperature combustion zone is the destructive distillation fissile region.
4. the low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant on rubbish according to claim 3 or mud destructive distillation apparatus for thermal cleavage, it is characterized in that: described body of heater is provided with the flame-observing hole in low oxygen combustion district, and high temperature combustion zone is provided with humiture and detects and governor motion.
5. the processing method of rubbish according to claim 3 or mud, it is characterized in that: the fuel that burns in described low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant is biomass granule fuel, biomass granule fuel and rubbish or mud destructive distillation fission respectively two independently the space be that low oxygen combustion district and high temperature combustion zone carry out, stage intensification by the biological particles combustion chamber, with the evaporation of the moisture in rubbish or mud, organic matter solidifies and carbonization gradually.
6. the processing method of rubbish according to claim 3 or mud, it is characterized in that: described helix extrusion device is screw conveyer device, comprise auger, conveyance conduit, drive unit and charging aperture, charging aperture is connected with conveyance conduit, auger is arranged in conveyance conduit, drive unit and auger are in transmission connection, conveyance conduit is provided with the gas collection pipeline, the gas collection pipeline comprises the aiutage that is arranged side by side, also be connected with the heat delivery pipe-line system at described conveyance conduit, comprise blower fan, tube connector, tube connector, conveyance conduit passes through tube connector, blower fan is connected with the low-oxygen high-temperature calciner plant, rubbish or mud carry out preliminarily dried taste removal processing in transmission like this.
7. the processing method of rubbish according to claim 1 or mud is characterized in that: described step 2 and step 3) also have outer hot heating stove and temperature-control circuit thereof so that heat energy to be provided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013100765117A CN103162298A (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | Processing method of rubbish or dirt |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013100765117A CN103162298A (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | Processing method of rubbish or dirt |
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| CN103162298A true CN103162298A (en) | 2013-06-19 |
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| CN2013100765117A Pending CN103162298A (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | Processing method of rubbish or dirt |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103486594A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-01-01 | 吴庆元 | New technique for using low-temperature carbonization in coordination with high-temperature disintegration to treat urban household garbage |
| CN106424101A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-02-22 | 湖北环太生物质设备有限公司 | Method for harmlessly treating household garbage by carbonization, pyrolysis and gasification |
| CN109163328A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2019-01-08 | 廖云波 | Refuse gasification using energy source technique |
| CN113531538A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-10-22 | 湖南省欣洁环保科技有限公司 | Household garbage treatment method and system |
| CN114046510A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-02-15 | 广州市凯卫莎环保科技有限公司 | Garbage thermal cracking equipment |
| CN114180796A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-15 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method for reducing water content of sludge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109163328A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2019-01-08 | 廖云波 | Refuse gasification using energy source technique |
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| CN114180796A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-15 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method for reducing water content of sludge |
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