CN111268804A - Method for removing pollutants in tail water of sewage plant by using wetland system - Google Patents
Method for removing pollutants in tail water of sewage plant by using wetland system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111268804A CN111268804A CN202010104435.6A CN202010104435A CN111268804A CN 111268804 A CN111268804 A CN 111268804A CN 202010104435 A CN202010104435 A CN 202010104435A CN 111268804 A CN111268804 A CN 111268804A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for removing pollutants in tail water of a sewage plant by utilizing a wetland system, wherein the wetland system comprises a reinforced facultative wetland, a biological purification wetland and a submerged plant wetland, and the reinforced facultative wetland comprises emergent aquatic plants, a composite fiber floating bed and biological fillers; when the polluted water body passes through the biological filler, the attached microorganisms carry out biological denitrification, and the total nitrogen concentration in the water body is reduced; air is introduced into the biological purification wetland through a fan, so that dissolved oxygen in the water body is increased, the dissolved oxygen in the wetland is improved, and organic pollutants in the water body flowing through the wetland are reduced in an aerobic environment; the tail water after two-stage purification enters a submerged plant wetland with good removal effect on pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, so that various pollutants in the water body are further reduced; the whole tail water treatment system is stable, convenient to operate, good in pollutant removal effect and low in investment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a method for treating tail water of a sewage plant by using a wetland system.
Background
Tail water of a sewage plant in China as replenishing water of an underground water source can be directly discharged into a river channel, but the discharge limit values of primary A standard TN, COD and BOD of pollutant discharge standard of a municipal sewage plant (GB18918-2002) are 15mg/L, 50mg/L and 10mg/L respectively; discharge limit values of TN, COD and BOD of IV-type water of surface water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) are 1.5mg/L, 30mg/L and 6mg/L respectively; therefore, the water discharged by the sewage treatment plant can pollute the river water body when being discharged into the river channel.
The traditional tertiary treatment method of the sewage treatment plant is only relied on, so that a large amount of medicament is used, secondary pollution of the medicament is possibly caused, the problem of water pollution is difficult to be solved fundamentally, and the development trend of the water pollution can only be delayed. The proposal and the development of the artificial wetland treatment technology provide a new effective method for comprehensively solving the problems and simultaneously promote the harmonious development of human and nature.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a sewage plant tail water treatment wetland system, which is used for reducing pollutants in sewage tail water, aims to solve the influence of the sewage plant tail water directly discharged into a river channel on a river channel water body in the prior art and avoids secondary pollution caused by the large-scale use of medicaments.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for removing pollutants in tail water of a sewage plant by using a wetland system comprises the steps of adopting the wetland system comprising a reinforced facultative wetland, a biological purification wetland and a submerged plant wetland; the reinforced facultative wetland comprises a surface covering layer and a biological carrier; the water outlet of the enhanced facultative wetland is communicated with the biological purification wetland, a biological carrier is arranged in the water body of the biological purification wetland and used for the attachment and growth of microorganisms, and an aeration device is also arranged in the biological purification wetland; the water outlet of the biological purification wetland is communicated with the submerged plant wetland, and submerged plants for absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus are arranged in the submerged plant wetland;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) the surface covering layer is covered on the surface of the water body of the reinforced facultative wetland in a floating manner and is used for isolating air and the water body and preventing oxygen in the air from dissolving into water;
2) introducing tail water of a sewage plant into the enhanced facultative wetland, introducing a carbon source or microorganisms capable of consuming dissolved oxygen in a water body, and performing biological denitrification, wherein the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the water body is lower than 1.5 mg/L;
3) when the water body treated by the enhanced facultative wetland is introduced into the biological purification wetland, air is introduced into the biological purification wetland through a fan to increase dissolved oxygen in the water body, so that the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the wetland is more than 1.5mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen and COD are removed;
4) and (4) introducing the water body treated by the biological purification wetland into the submerged plant wetland to remove nitrogen and phosphorus.
Furthermore, the microorganism in the enhanced facultative wetland is one or two of domesticated formed microorganism, added functional microorganism and indigenous microorganism subjected to enrichment culture.
Furthermore, the indigenous microorganisms are subjected to enrichment culture by a culture device and are put into the intensified facultative wetland.
Furthermore, the added functional microorganisms are denitrifying bacteria, and when the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body in the enhanced facultative wetland is lower than 1.5mg/L, the added functional microorganisms are added into the enhanced facultative wetland.
Further, the carbon source comprises one or more of methanol, sodium acetate, glucose, molasses, flour, sucrose and sludge hydrolysis supernatant.
Further, the surface covering layer comprises a water lifting plant layer and a floating bed frame from top to bottom; the floating bed frame comprises an emergent aquatic plant planting layer and a buoyancy layer, and the emergent aquatic plant planting layer is used for planting and culturing emergent aquatic plants; the buoyancy layer floats on the water body and is used for supporting the emergent aquatic plant planting layer and the emergent aquatic plant, and is provided with water permeable holes.
Furthermore, the emergent aquatic plant planting layer is composed of composite fibers and plant fibers.
Furthermore, the biological carrier in the biological purification wetland is in a rope shape, a buoy is arranged above the biological carrier, and a counterweight is hung below the biological carrier for straightening the biological carrier.
Furthermore, non-woven fabrics are arranged in the enhanced facultative wetland and the submerged plant wetland to divide the enhanced facultative wetland and the submerged plant wetland into a treatment area and a buffer area, the top of the non-woven fabrics is provided with a buoy, and the bottom of the non-woven fabrics is provided with a counterweight so as to straighten the non-woven fabrics; the surface covering layer, the biological carrier and the submerged plant are all located in the corresponding treatment areas, the cache area of the enhanced facultative wetland is connected with the water inlet end of tail water of a sewage plant, and the cache area in the submerged plant wetland is communicated with the water outlet pipe.
Furthermore, the wetland system also comprises a mixer and a microorganism pre-dissolving tank communicated with the mixer, and the pipeline mixer is used for mixing the tail water and the microorganism water body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. in order to treat pollutants in tail water of a sewage plant, firstly, a water body is introduced into the enhanced facultative wetland, after the concentration of total nitrogen (nitrate nitrogen) is reduced, the water body enters the biological purification wetland to remove ammonia nitrogen and COD, finally enters the submerged plant wetland, the residual nitrogen and phosphorus are removed by utilizing plants with good nitrogen and phosphorus removal effects, and the effluent is ecologically stabilized.
2. The composite fiber floating bed is covered on the upper surface of the reinforced facultative wetland, so that the heat preservation performance of the wetland is improved, and the growth and treatment effects of microorganisms are facilitated; isolated from air, not easy to breed mosquitoes and flies, and good sanitary condition; the composite fiber floating bed separates the wetland water body from the air, creates a facultative condition and can improve the removal effect of total nitrogen (nitrate nitrogen).
3. The tail water of the sewage plant is treated by three processes of the enhanced facultative wetland, the biological purification wetland and the submerged plant wetland, the whole tail water treatment system is stable and convenient to operate, and secondary pollution caused by the large-scale use of medicaments is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a wetland system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the surface coating layer according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the wetland system for treating the tail water of the sewage plant of the present invention comprises an enhanced facultative wetland, a biological purification wetland and a submerged plant wetland; the enhanced facultative wetland comprises a surface covering layer 41 and biological carriers 42, wherein the surface covering layer 41 floats on the surface of a water body, and the biological carriers 42 are positioned below the surface covering layer 41. The surface covering layer 41 has a specific structure as shown in fig. 2, and includes, from top to bottom, a emergent aquatic plant layer 411, an emergent aquatic plant growing layer 412, a composite fiber layer 413, and a buoyancy plate 414, and is provided with water permeable holes. The emergent aquatic plant planting layer at the initial stage can provide landscape effect, and after the emergent aquatic plant planting layer is used for a period of time, the emergent aquatic plant planting layer serves as a root base for plant growth, and plants can grow on the emergent aquatic plant planting layer. The composite fiber layer 413 is composed of composite fibers and plant fibers, wherein the plant fibers can adopt one or a combination of a plurality of palm fiber layers, coconut fiber layers and straw layers, can provide a growth space for microorganisms, and can be used as a slow-release carbon source to provide a certain nutrient substance for the growth of plants. The buoyancy plate has certain hardness and water permeability, not only can provide certain buoyancy for whole structure, guarantees that the structure can float in the surface of water, still can provide stability for it, and the floating bed part sinks when avoiding manual operation, has guaranteed the inside and outside water conservancy of structure simultaneously and has exchanged.
Before the sewage tail water is introduced, microorganisms capable of consuming water body dissolved oxygen are added into the water body of the enhanced facultative wetland, wherein the microorganisms can be saccharomycetes, when the dissolved oxygen is stabilized at 1.0-1.5mg/L, the tail water of a sewage plant is introduced into the enhanced facultative wetland, a carbon source and microorganisms are added while sewage is introduced, the microorganisms are one or two of domesticated microorganisms, added functional microorganisms and enriched and cultured indigenous microorganisms, the functional microorganisms are denitrifying bacteria capable of removing total nitrogen, and the microorganisms in the enhanced facultative wetland carry out biological denitrification to reduce the concentration of the total nitrogen (nitrate nitrogen) in the water body. Can set up pipeline mixer 3 on sewage tailwater pipeline, pipeline mixer 3 connects the microorganism and dissolves the pond in advance, and pipeline mixer mixes tail water and microorganism water, and the mixed liquid lets in the intensive facultative wetland after the completion of mixing. The carbon source comprises one or more of methanol, sodium acetate, glucose, molasses, flour, sucrose and sludge hydrolysis supernatant.
The water outlet of the enhanced facultative wetland is communicated with a biological purification wetland, the bottom of the biological purification wetland is provided with an aeration pipeline 71, and a biological carrier 72 is arranged in the water body of the wetland; the biological carrier is in a rope shape, a buoy 61 is arranged above the biological carrier, and a counterweight is hung below the biological carrier and used for straightening the biological carrier 63. Air is introduced into the biological purification wetland through the fan 73, dissolved oxygen in the water body is increased, the dissolved oxygen in the wetland is kept in a range of more than 1.5mg/L, on one hand, biological carriers in the wetland can provide sufficient growth space for microorganisms, on the other hand, air bubbles can be cut, aeration is uniformly distributed in the wetland, and the aerobic environment can reduce organic pollutants in the water body flowing through the wetland.
The water outlet of the biological purification wetland is communicated with the submerged plant wetland, and the submerged plant 81 for absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus is arranged in the submerged plant wetland. The water purified by the first two stages enters a submerged plant wetland with good removal effect on pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, so that various pollutants in the water are further reduced;
the reinforced facultative wetland and the submerged plant wetland are both provided with non-woven fabrics 62 which are divided into a treatment area and a buffer area, the top of the non-woven fabrics is provided with a buoy, and the bottom of the non-woven fabrics is provided with a counterweight so as to straighten the non-woven fabrics; the surface covering layer, the biological carrier and the submerged plant are all located in the corresponding treatment areas, the cache area of the enhanced facultative wetland is connected with the water inlet end 10 of the tail water of the sewage plant, and the cache area in the submerged plant wetland is communicated with the water outlet pipe 9.
Introducing tail water of a sewage plant into the wetland system for treatment, wherein the volume of the tail water is 6m3The hydraulic retention time is 2 days, emergent aquatic plants comprise lentinus edodes, calamus and iris, and submerged plants comprise tape grass and waterweed. The added microorganisms were yeast and denitrifying bacteria, the amounts of the added microorganisms were each 5ppm, the carbon source was sodium acetate, and the amount was 10 ppm. The nitrogen and phosphorus contents before and after the treatment are shown in the following table.
According to the data, the total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, COD, BOD and total phosphorus can be effectively removed by the wetland system, and the concentration of the total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, COD, BOD and total phosphorus can be reduced to meet the standard through the multi-stage wetland system.
Claims (10)
1. A method for removing pollutants in tail water of a sewage plant by using a wetland system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the adopted wetland system comprises a reinforced facultative wetland, a biological purification wetland and a submerged plant wetland; the reinforced facultative wetland comprises a surface covering layer and a biological carrier; the water outlet of the enhanced facultative wetland is communicated with the biological purification wetland, a biological carrier is arranged in the water body of the biological purification wetland and used for the attachment and growth of microorganisms, and an aeration device is also arranged in the biological purification wetland; the water outlet of the biological purification wetland is communicated with the submerged plant wetland, and submerged plants for absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus are arranged in the submerged plant wetland;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) the surface covering layer is covered on the surface of the water body of the reinforced facultative wetland in a floating manner and is used for isolating air and the water body and preventing oxygen in the air from dissolving into water;
2) introducing tail water of a sewage plant into the enhanced facultative wetland, introducing a carbon source or microorganisms capable of consuming dissolved oxygen in a water body, and performing biological denitrification, wherein the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the water body is lower than 1.5 mg/L;
3) when the water body treated by the enhanced facultative wetland is introduced into the biological purification wetland, air is introduced into the biological purification wetland through a fan to increase dissolved oxygen in the water body, so that the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the wetland is more than 1.5mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen and COD are removed;
4) and (4) introducing the water body treated by the biological purification wetland into the submerged plant wetland to remove nitrogen and phosphorus.
2. The method for removing pollutants in the tail water of a sewage plant by using the wetland system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the microorganism in the enhanced facultative wetland is one or two of domesticated formed microorganism, added functional microorganism and indigenous microorganism subjected to enrichment culture.
3. The method for removing pollutants in the tail water of a sewage plant by using the wetland system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the indigenous microorganisms are subjected to enrichment culture by a culture device and are put into the enhanced facultative wetland.
4. The method for removing contaminants from wastewater from a sewage plant using a wetland system as set forth in claim 2, wherein the added functional microorganisms are denitrifying bacteria, and the enhanced facultative wetland is added after the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water in the enhanced facultative wetland is less than 1.5 mg/L.
5. The method for removing pollutants in the tail water of a sewage plant by using the wetland system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the carbon source comprises one or more of methanol, sodium acetate, glucose, molasses, flour, sucrose and sludge hydrolysis supernatant.
6. The method for removing pollutants in the tail water of a sewage plant by using the wetland system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the surface covering layer comprises a water lifting plant layer and a floating bed frame from top to bottom; the floating bed frame comprises an emergent aquatic plant planting layer and a buoyancy layer, and the emergent aquatic plant planting layer is used for planting and culturing emergent aquatic plants; the buoyancy layer floats on the water body and is used for supporting the emergent aquatic plant planting layer and the emergent aquatic plant, and is provided with water permeable holes.
7. The method for removing pollutants in the tail water of a sewage plant by using the wetland system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the emergent aquatic plant planting layer is composed of composite fibers and plant fibers.
8. The method for removing pollutants in the tail water of a sewage plant by using the wetland system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the biological carrier in the biological purification wetland is in a rope shape, a buoy is arranged above the biological carrier, and a counterweight is hung below the biological carrier for straightening the biological carrier.
9. The method for removing pollutants from wastewater from a sewage plant using the wetland system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reinforced facultative wetland and the submerged plant wetland are both provided with non-woven fabrics which are divided into a treatment area and a cache area, the top of the non-woven fabrics is provided with a buoy, and the bottom of the non-woven fabrics is provided with a counterweight so as to straighten the non-woven fabrics; the surface covering layer, the biological carrier and the submerged plant are all located in the corresponding treatment areas, the cache area of the enhanced facultative wetland is connected with the water inlet end of tail water of a sewage plant, and the cache area in the submerged plant wetland is communicated with the water outlet pipe.
10. The method for removing pollutants in the tail water of a sewage plant by using the wetland system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the wetland system also comprises a mixer and a microorganism pre-dissolving tank communicated with the mixer, and the pipeline mixer is used for mixing the tail water and the microorganism water body.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN112305164A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-02 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | Method for measuring water body restoration capacity of aquatic plant and multifunctional dynamic device |
| CN112441704A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-05 | 重庆大学 | Modular combined enhanced denitrification constructed wetland system |
| CN113233607A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Multifunctional floating type constructed wetland system |
| CN113277625A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-20 | 深圳市水务规划设计院股份有限公司 | Artificial wetland modular device for sewage treatment and treatment method |
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Application publication date: 20200612 |