CN113233607A - Multifunctional floating type constructed wetland system - Google Patents
Multifunctional floating type constructed wetland system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113233607A CN113233607A CN202110556965.9A CN202110556965A CN113233607A CN 113233607 A CN113233607 A CN 113233607A CN 202110556965 A CN202110556965 A CN 202110556965A CN 113233607 A CN113233607 A CN 113233607A
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- wetland
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional floating type artificial wetland system, which comprises a wetland system and a buoyancy body connected with the wetland system; the wetland system comprises a microorganism treatment pool, a floating wetland, a shallow water wetland and a deep water wetland which are mutually independent and communicated. The invention relates to a water treatment device for purifying polluted river and lake water bodies. The solar energy is used for providing power for the water inlet pump and the aeration equipment, and the river and lake water is pumped into the microbial treatment pool in the floating artificial wetland for primary treatment, so that organic pollutants in the water are mainly removed. Then removing suspended pollutants in water by emergent aquatic plants in the floating wetland; removing nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water by the adsorption, absorption and other actions of aquatic plants and matrixes in the shallow water wetland; finally, the treated water is discharged to the water bodies of rivers and lakes through further purification and precipitation of the deep-water wetland.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a multifunctional floating type artificial wetland system, in particular to a water treatment device which floats on the surface of a water body, is formed by combining a microorganism treatment tank and a plurality of independent types of wetlands, and realizes water purification through coupling of physicochemical-biochemical-plant absorption and the like.
Background
Artificial wetlands are widely used in water treatment processes, such as for rivers, rural sewage, non-point source pollutants, and sewage treatment plant tailwater. The artificial wetland water treatment technology is a natural and friendly method, can reduce the consumption of chemical agents, electric energy and the like in the conventional water treatment process, has lower maintenance cost and has good ecological landscape function.
However, the current artificial wetland water treatment technology is generally constructed by simulating the operation mechanism of a natural wetland and strengthening on the basis of the natural wetland, and requires a long hydraulic retention time to remove pollutants in water, so that a large amount of land is occupied for forming the wetland. Taking river and lake water bodies around town areas as an example, except for the submerged land, the available space around the urban area is small, and even if the land can be used for land compensation, the construction cost is greatly increased. In addition, due to the characteristics of imbalance of rainfall time and space in China, drought and flood problems occur occasionally. Once flood occurs, the constructed wetland is submerged by the flood, and problems such as erosion and lodging occur; under the condition of drought, the water level of the artificial wetland is reduced, so that aquatic organisms are exposed out of water and die, and the purification function of the aquatic organisms in the artificial wetland is lost. Finally, the water level of the artificial wetland is difficult to adjust, and the water quality change can be hardly responded to along with the fluctuation of the hydraulic retention time, so that the treatment effect is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional floating type artificial wetland system, which can freely adjust the hydraulic retention time according to the set inflow, and in addition, aims to improve the treatment efficiency and effect of heavily polluted rivers and lakes through the coupling of wetland aquatic plant purification and the adsorption of a substrate with a microbial water treatment method. The invention also aims to construct an artificial wetland system on the water surface, which can solve the problem that the artificial wetland needs the fields around rivers and lakes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a multifunctional floating type artificial wetland system comprises a wetland system and a buoyancy body connected with the wetland system; the wetland system comprises a microorganism treatment pool, a floating wetland, a shallow water wetland and a deep water wetland which are mutually independent and communicated.
The floating type multifunctional artificial wetland system comprises a microorganism treatment pool, a floating wetland, a shallow water wetland and a deep water wetland, and matched equipment such as a buoyancy body, a water inlet pump, a solar power generation unit, an aeration device and the like. The buoyancy body, the microbial treatment pool, the floating wetland, the shallow water wetland and the deep water wetland can be integrally assembled or independently assembled and then connected. The microorganism treatment pool in the floating type multifunctional artificial wetland system is provided with a microorganism filler attached with water treatment microorganisms and carries out primary treatment on raw water; the first-stage effluent W1 treated by the microbial treatment tank enters the floating wetland, and emergent aquatic plants in the floating wetland remove suspended pollutants in water. And the secondary effluent W2 enters a shallow water wetland, and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water are removed through the adsorption, absorption and other actions of aquatic plants and matrixes in the wetland. And finally, the third-stage effluent W3 enters the deep-water wetland for further purification and precipitation, and finally treated water W4 is discharged into the river and lake water body.
By arranging the microbial treatment pool, raw water can be treated by a biological water treatment method. Even if the water body is polluted to a higher degree, the pollutants can be efficiently removed by a biological method.
Further, a water inlet pump is arranged between the microorganism treatment pool and the buoyancy body; the water inlet pipeline of the water inlet pump extends into the microbial treatment pool. The invention can adjust the hydraulic retention time by continuously adjusting the flow of the water inlet pump so as to ensure the treatment effect of the polluted river and lake water and the stable operation of the wetland system.
Further, an aeration pipe and a microbial filler are arranged in the microbial treatment tank; the aeration pipe is provided with air by an aeration device arranged on the buoyancy body.
Various microorganisms in the microbial treatment tank are attached to the microbial fillers by growth, the number of microorganisms is increased, and oxygen is continuously supplied from the aeration tube (tray) to improve water treatment efficiency. In order to actively cope with the concentration of the contaminated raw water, the microbial treatment tank is preferably disposed on an initial path of the inflow of the raw water R.
Furthermore, a solar power generation unit is arranged on the buoyancy body; the solar power generation unit provides electric energy for the water inlet pump and the aeration device. The solar power generation provides electric energy for the water inlet pump and the aeration device, and underwater cables for power supply do not need to be arranged, so that the construction steps are simplified, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
Furthermore, a plant cultivation floating body is arranged in the floating wetland; emergent aquatic plants are planted on the plant planting floating bodies.
Furthermore, a plurality of first planting matrixes with gaps are arranged in the shallow water wetland; a guide plate is arranged between the first planting matrixes, and submerged plants are planted on the first planting matrixes.
The shallow water wetland unit is in a water tank form with the depth of 0.5m, a primary aquatic plant substrate with the thickness of 30-40 cm is arranged at the lower part of the shallow water wetland unit, a surface flow type wetland structure is formed after submerged aquatic plants are planted, and secondary effluent W2 introduced by the floating wetland is treated. In the shallow water wetland, a plurality of aquatic plant substrates are arranged in series, and in the flowing process, river and lake water is contacted with the aquatic plants and the substrates and is subjected to three-stage treatment. Gaps are reserved between the adjacent first vegetation matrixes, and water flows between the first vegetation matrixes (18a, 18b and 18c) through the flow guiding effect of the flow guide plates, so that the retention time of the three-stage treated water is adjusted and changed.
Further, the thickness of the first planting substrate is 30-40 cm.
Further, a second planting matrix is arranged on the inner wall of the deepwater wetland; aquatic plants are planted on the second planting substrate.
Furthermore, the microorganism treatment tank, the floating wetland, the shallow water wetland and the deep water wetland are all light water tank forming components made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, PVC or PE.
Furthermore, the water level heights in the microbial treatment pool, the floating wetland, the shallow water wetland and the deep water wetland are consistent, and are kept consistent with the water level height of the external environment.
The floating type multifunctional artificial wetland system main body is immersed in water, the water level inside the system main body is consistent with that of an external water body, so that excessive load cannot be generated, the size of the buoyancy bodies and mutual stress can be reduced, the connection state of the buoyancy bodies is stably maintained, and damage is avoided.
Meanwhile, the immersion depth of the aquatic plants is kept consistent, the influence of water level changes of rivers and lakes caused by seasonal rainfall and other factors is avoided, and the treatment effect of the aquatic plants on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants is further ensured. In addition, the system is arranged on the surface of the water body of the river channel and the lake, so that an additional onshore site is not needed, and the limit of land use is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the multifunctional floating type artificial wetland designed by the invention can adjust the inflow water quantity through the inflow pump, so that the water quantity and water quality change can be responded by adjusting the hydraulic retention time, and the purpose of stabilizing the treatment effect is achieved. In addition, the method of pumping the polluted river and lake water by the water inlet pump is adopted, so that the device can be arranged at different positions according to the arrangement of the water inlet.
2. The floating artificial wetland designed by the invention floats on the water surface and keeps a constant water level in the wetland, so that aquatic organisms cannot be influenced by seasonal changes of the water surface of the water body in which the wetland is positioned (except for the case of water body cutoff caused by extreme drought), and better treatment effects can be kept in a dry period, a rich period and a flat period.
3. The floating artificial wetland designed by the invention is arranged above the water surface of the water body of rivers and lakes, and is not limited by site conditions on the premise of not influencing water traffic and hydraulic structures. In addition, the water inlet pump and the aeration device which need electric power are both provided by the solar power generation unit, and an external power supply is not needed, so that an underwater cable for supplying power does not need to be arranged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
4. The constructed wetland designed by the invention is provided with the microorganism treatment pool in the inflow path of the raw water, so that the raw water is treated by a microorganism water treatment method. Therefore, even if the water bodies in rivers and lakes are polluted to a high degree, organic pollutants in the water can be efficiently removed through biological treatment, and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the water can be greatly degraded through further purification of the subsequent floating wetland, shallow wetland and deep wetland.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, a buoyancy body; 2. a microbial treatment tank; 3. floating the wetland; 4. shallow water wetland; 5. deep water wetlands; 6. a water inlet pump; 7. a water inlet pipeline; 8. a solar power generation unit; 9. an aeration device; 10. an air line; 11. an aeration pipe; 12. microbial fillers; 13. a first connecting pipe; 14. emerging plants; 15. Planting floating bodies on plants; 16. a second connecting pipe; 17. submerged plants; 18. a first vegetation substrate; 19. a third connecting pipe; 20. an aquatic plant; 21. a second vegetation substrate; 22. a drain pipe; 23. a baffle.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the multifunctional floating type artificial wetland system comprises a buoyant body 1, a microorganism treatment tank 2, a floating wetland 3, a shallow wetland 4 and a deep-water wetland 5, wherein the arrangement sequence and the scale size of each unit of the microorganism treatment tank 2, the floating wetland 3, the shallow wetland 4 and the deep-water wetland 5 can be adjusted according to the use position and purpose, and the water quality of inlet water and the target water quality of outlet water.
The multi-functional floating artificial wetland system described in this embodiment includes a buoyant body 1, a microbial treatment tank 2, a floating wetland 3, a shallow wetland 4, a deep wetland 5, and a buoyant body 1 in this order from left to right.
The multifunctional floating artificial wetland floats on the water surface through the buoyancy body 1, and a plurality of independent reaction tanks are manufactured according to the structures and the sizes suitable for respective purification functions and are connected with the buoyancy body 1. The river and lake water R enters the floating artificial wetland through the water inlet pump 6 and is purified in each independent wetland reaction tank in sequence according to the flowing direction. Comprises a microorganism treatment tank 2 for treating raw water by biochemical action of water treatment microorganisms, a floating wetland 3 for strongly purifying pollutants by the root system of emergent aquatic plants, a shallow wetland 4 for purifying raw water by contacting with aquatic plants and a substrate, and a deep wetland 5 for discharging treated water to the outside. The water flow sequence of the invention is microbial treatment pool 2-floating wetland 3-setting shallow wetland 4-deep wetland 5.
The buoyancy body 1 is a rectangular frame as shown in fig. 2, and can accommodate the whole artificial wetland system. A plurality of wetland reaction tanks are arranged in the space surrounded by the buoyant body 1. At this time, the buoyant body 1 is connected to the microbial treatment tank 2, the floating wetland 3, the shallow wetland 4, and the deep wetland 5, and fixed in position to each other to form a whole.
A water inlet pump 6 for supplying raw water R to the microbial treatment tank 2 is provided at one side of the buoyant body 1. The intake pump 6 supplies the raw water R to the microbial treatment tank 2 through the intake pipe 7. Therefore, the water quantity of the raw water R entering the microorganism treatment pool 2 can be controlled by adjusting the flow of the water inlet pump 6, so that the hydraulic retention time is adjusted, and the stable effect of raw water treatment is ensured.
The aeration device 9 is arranged on the upper surface of the buoyant body 1. The aeration device 9 supplies air into the microorganism-treating tank 2. The air generated by the aeration device 9 is an air pipeline 10, and the air is diffused into the microorganism treatment tank 2 by an aeration pipe (or an aeration disc) 11 immersed in the water, so that the water treatment microorganisms are kept in an aerobic state, and the treatment efficiency of the raw water R is improved.
In addition to forming buoyancy to support the plurality of wetland reaction tanks to float on the water surface, the buoyant body 1 also carries the solar power generation unit 8. The solar power generation unit 8 includes a solar receiving panel, an electric energy converter, and a storage battery, wherein the electric energy converter is a conventional converter that converts solar energy into electric energy. The electric power generated by the solar power generation unit 8 is supplied to the intake pump 6 and the aeration device 9.
The microorganism treatment tank 2 biochemically treats the raw water R with water treatment microorganisms. The microorganism treatment tank 2 is an open-topped water tank, and inside thereof, a microorganism packing 12 is installed and provided to increase the number of microorganisms in the reaction tank and facilitate sufficient contact between raw water and the microorganisms.
The aeration pipe 11 can continuously supply oxygen to the microorganism treatment tank 2 to ensure that the microorganisms are in an aerobic state, so that the microorganisms attached to the microorganism packings 12 can stably remove the contaminants from the raw water R even if the concentration of the contaminants in the raw water is high. The primary effluent W1 treated by the microorganism treatment tank 2 enters the floating wetland 3 through the first connecting pipe 13 in a gravity flow mode.
The floating wetland 3 removes suspended particle pollutants in water mainly through the sedimentation and adsorption of plant root systems. The floating wetland 3 is made into a rectangular water tank with the depth of 1.2m or more, a plant planting floating body 15 is arranged in the floating wetland, emergent aquatic plants 14 are planted on the floating wetland, and suspended particulate pollutants are removed through sedimentation and adsorption brought by root systems of the emergent aquatic plants 14.
When the granular organic pollutants with slower settling speed collide, block, adhere and aggregate into large particles under the interference of 14 root systems of emergent aquatic plants, and then precipitate to the bottom of the reaction tank. In addition, the roots of the emergent aquatic plants 14 act as a medium for the microorganisms to contact, thereby allowing the microorganisms to attach to and diffuse from the roots into the water. The secondary effluent W2 after being treated by the floating wetland 3 is connected to the shallow wetland 4 through a second connecting pipe 16.
The structure form of the shallow water wetland 4 is similar to that of a surface flow wetland, and the shallow water wetland 4 is a water tank structure with the depth of about 0.5m (h 1). And a plurality of first vegetation matrixes 18 with the thickness of 30-40 cm are distributed on the bottom. The first vegetation matrix 18 is formed by paving gravel, broken stone, sand, ceramic balls, vesuvianite, coconut fiber, cashmere, artificial fiber and the like in groups according to different grain size (10-30mm) gradation according to requirements, and submerged plants 17 are planted on the top of the first vegetation matrix 18.
When the secondary treated water (W2) introduced from the floating wetland 3 passes between the submerged plant 17 and the first vegetation substrate 18, nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the water are removed by the aggregation, adsorption, absorption and redox of the submerged plant and the substrate. In addition, according to the pollution condition of water quality, a flow guide plate 23 with the flow control function can be arranged between the first vegetation matrixes 18, so that the secondary effluent W2 flows in an S shape among the first vegetation matrixes 18a, 18b and 18c, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged, and the purification effect is improved.
The shallow water wetland 4 discharges the tertiary effluent W3 to the deep water wetland 5 through the third connecting pipe 19.
The deep-water wetland 5 mainly plays a role of a sedimentation tank, the part of the deep-water wetland 5 is designed into a water tank with the depth of about 1m (h2), the second vegetation substrate 21 is arranged on the inner side of the water tank along the water level line, and the aquatic plants 20 are planted on the second vegetation substrate 21, so that the purification function of the aquatic plants is less, and the landscape beautifying function is mainly played. The third-level effluent W3 contacts with the second vegetation base 21 and the second aquatic plant 20 of the deep-water wetland 5, and finally the precipitated suspended impurities are discharged into the external river and lake water body.
Claims (10)
1. A multifunctional floating type artificial wetland system is characterized by comprising a wetland system and a buoyancy body connected with the wetland system; the artificial wetland system comprises a microbial treatment pool, a floating wetland, a shallow water wetland and a deep water wetland which are mutually independent and communicated.
2. The multifunctional floating artificial wetland system of claim 1 wherein a water inlet pump is arranged between the microorganism treatment tank and the buoyant body; and a water inlet pipeline of the water inlet pump extends into the microbial treatment pool.
3. The multifunctional floating artificial wetland system of claim 2 wherein an aerator pipe and microbial fillers are arranged in the microbial treatment tank; the aeration pipe is provided with air by an aeration device arranged on the buoyancy body.
4. The multifunctional floating artificial wetland system of claim 3 wherein the buoyant body is provided with a solar power generation unit; the solar power generation unit provides electric energy for the water inlet pump and the aeration device.
5. The multifunctional floating artificial wetland system of claim 1 wherein plant growing floats are provided in the floating wetland; emergent aquatic plants are planted on the plant planting floating bodies.
6. The multifunctional floating type artificial wetland system according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of first planting matrixes with gaps are arranged in the shallow water wetland; a guide plate is arranged between the first planting matrixes, and submerged plants are planted on the first planting matrixes.
7. The multifunctional floating artificial wetland system of claim 6 wherein the thickness of the first planting substrate is 30-40 cm.
8. The multifunctional floating artificial wetland system of claim 1 wherein the deep water wetland is provided with a second planting substrate on the inner wall; aquatic plants are planted on the second planting substrate.
9. The multifunctional floating type artificial wetland system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microorganism treatment tank, the floating wetland, the shallow water wetland and the deep water wetland are formed by lightweight water tank molding members made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, PVC or PE.
10. The multifunctional floating artificial wetland system of claim 1 wherein the internal water level of the microbial treatment pond, the floating wetland, the shallow water wetland and the deep water wetland is consistent and at the same time is consistent with the external environment water level.
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| CN202110556965.9A CN113233607A (en) | 2021-05-21 | 2021-05-21 | Multifunctional floating type constructed wetland system |
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| CN202110556965.9A CN113233607A (en) | 2021-05-21 | 2021-05-21 | Multifunctional floating type constructed wetland system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115490400A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-12-20 | 长江生态环保集团有限公司 | Constructed wetland clean system suitable for mountain region |
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2021
- 2021-05-21 CN CN202110556965.9A patent/CN113233607A/en active Pending
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| CN211035405U (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2020-07-17 | 奕江山环境科技(北京)有限公司 | Integrated installation floating wetland system |
| CN111268804A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-12 | 上海同瑞环保科技有限公司 | Method for removing pollutants in tail water of sewage plant by using wetland system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115490400A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-12-20 | 长江生态环保集团有限公司 | Constructed wetland clean system suitable for mountain region |
| CN115490400B (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-06-27 | 长江生态环保集团有限公司 | Constructed wetland clean system suitable for mountain region |
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