CN109650645B - Integrated rural domestic sewage treatment equipment and sewage treatment method - Google Patents
Integrated rural domestic sewage treatment equipment and sewage treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 23
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002897 organic nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004176 ammonification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001925 catabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/106—Carbonaceous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/108—Immobilising gels, polymers or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2866—Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device and a sewage treatment method, wherein the integrated domestic sewage treatment device comprises a domestic sewage treatment integrated box body, wherein the domestic sewage treatment integrated box body is composed of an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank I, an aerobic tank II, a chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank, a sand filter tank and a device room, and 1) a chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank is arranged between the device room and the sand filter tank; 2) The anoxic tank is filled with composite filler comprising 30-40% polyurethane and 60-70% carbon fiber filler; 3) The first aerobic tank and the second aerobic tank are respectively provided with 60-64% of porous gel and 36-40% of carbon fiber filler composite filler, and the filling rate is more than 28% and less than 35%; 4) The chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank comprises a flocculation reaction zone and an inclined tube sedimentation zone, after the effluent of the aerobic tank is fully mixed with the ferric salt dephosphorization agent in the reaction zone, the effluent is sedimentated through the inclined tube sedimentation zone, supernatant fluid is discharged from an overflow weir at the upper part, and sludge sediments are pumped to a sludge tank at the bottom by a sludge pump at regular time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device and a sewage treatment method, which can provide good moving bed and fixed bed microorganism carriers for microorganism strains, fully utilize microorganisms to purify water quality, can clean sludge, avoid secondary stirring of purified water by the sludge, and can effectively improve aeration efficiency of an aeration pipe, and belongs to the field of sewage treatment device manufacture.
Background
CN106007216a, entitled "a horizontal integrated device suitable for rural domestic sewage treatment", comprises an anaerobic anoxic zone, an aerobic zone, a sludge reduction zone, a sedimentation zone, an equipment zone and a solar photovoltaic panel, wherein the anaerobic anoxic zone and the aerobic zone are both internally provided with fillers; the anaerobic anoxic zone, the aerobic zone and the sedimentation zone are sequentially connected, the aerobic zone is connected with the pollution abatement zone, the bottom of the sedimentation zone is connected with the anaerobic anoxic zone through a sludge return pipeline, the top of the sedimentation zone is provided with a central cylinder, and the water outlet of the aerobic zone is connected with the central cylinder of the sedimentation zone; an aeration system is arranged in the aerobic zone, a device zone is internally provided with a device comprising a fan, a dosing device and a control system, the solar photovoltaic panel is connected with the control system, the control system is respectively connected with the dosing device and the fan, the fan is connected with the aeration system, and the dosing device is connected with a central cylinder of the sedimentation zone.
CN103880252B, name "rural domestic sewage integration treatment facility", including hydrolytic acidification tank, contact oxidation tank, MBR membrane bioreactor and disinfection pond, the entry of hydrolytic acidification tank receives sewage, hydrolytic acidification tank's exit linkage contact oxidation tank's entry, hydrolytic acidification tank with be provided with the mud return current system between the contact oxidation tank, the mud in the contact oxidation tank is via the mud return current system is sent back in the hydrolytic acidification tank, and the reflux ratio is 2:1, an outlet of the contact oxidation tank is connected with an inlet of the MBR membrane bioreactor, an outlet of the MBR membrane bioreactor is connected with an inlet of the disinfection tank, and the outlet of the disinfection tank is used as a water outlet of the equipment; the total height of the contact oxidation pond is 3 meters, the height of the packing layer is 1.5 meters, the water depth on the packing is 0.4 meter, the super height of the pond body is 0.3 meter, and the volume load of the packing is 1500gBOD 5 /m 3 d, a step of; in the contact oxidation pond, the effective contact time is controlled to be 3h, and the gas-water ratio is 16:1, controlling the hydraulic retention time to be 5 hours and the water flow rising speed to be 0.5-0.8 m/h in the hydrolysis acidification tank, wherein a perforated pipe water distributor and a water distribution pipe branch pipe are arranged in the hydrolysis acidification tank, and the water outlets of the perforated pipe water distributor and the water distribution pipe branch pipe are 150-200 mm away from the tank bottom.
The defects of the background technology are as follows: firstly, the biological water purification effect is poor because no good moving bed and fixed bed microorganism carriers are provided for microorganism strains; pumping is directly adopted for sludge precipitation treatment, so that the sludge cannot be cleaned, and the treated water is directly discharged after being stirred during cleaning, thereby polluting the environment; thirdly, because the aeration pipe adopts upward direct blowing or downward blowing in structural design, the aeration amount is small, the water body fluidity is poor, the effect is poor, and the full utilization of the air quantity is not achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The design purpose is as follows: the integrated rural domestic sewage treatment equipment and the sewage treatment method can provide good moving bed and fixed bed microorganism carriers for microorganism strains, fully utilize biological purified water quality, prevent sludge from being stirred by water when the sludge is cleaned, and effectively improve aeration of an aeration pipe.
The design scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above design objective. 1. The design of the sand filter between the equipment and the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank is one of the technical characteristics of the invention. The purpose of this design is: because the sand filter can effectively remove pollutants such as SS and COD in water, when the effluent of the chemical phosphorus removal tank enters the sand filter, the sand filter can remove the pollutants such as SS and COD in water, and the sand filter needs to be backwashed regularly, and the backwashed is completed by adopting a structure and a method that a plurality of water spray holes are formed in the pipe wall of the pipe. 2. The carbon fiber filler is designed into a honeycomb structure, and is a second technical feature of the invention. The purpose of this design is: when the carbon fiber filler is designed into a bee-shaped structure, the specific surface area of the carbon fiber filler is several times larger than that of a curtain-shaped structure, if the carbon fiber filler is fixed at the top and the bottom of an aerobic tank, not only a warm bed is provided for microorganisms in water, but also a living and propagation fixing place is provided for microorganism strains, because the porous gel filler is a special fungus filler which is domesticated by the microorganisms and has an efficient removal effect on specific pollutants, the microorganisms and the strains are domesticated and implanted into a porous gel carrier by a certain method, when the porous gel filler is used as an aerobic tank filler, the carrier ensures that the microorganisms keep higher activity in the carrier and can proliferate rapidly under proper conditions, so that under the environment of a village sewage inflow water concentration change coefficient (2-4) is larger and a low carbon source, the concentration of the microorganisms is always kept at a higher level, and meanwhile, double-layer aeration equipment is carried, and under the condition of the same air-water ratio, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the tank is 18-29 percent higher, and the aeration efficiency is also greatly improved; secondly, porous gel filler and bee-shaped carbon fiber mixed filler are used, and under the low-temperature condition that the temperature is lower than 16 ℃, the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency can be obviously increased by 38-47% because the porous gel is planted with high-efficiency strains. 3. The bottom of the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank is provided with a sludge cleaning pushing device, the bottom of the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank is provided with a sludge storage and discharge port, and the design of the sludge transfer tank is arranged below the discharge port, which is the third technical feature of the invention. The design is as follows, and the aim is that: because the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank is the last chemical reaction unit of the rural sewage treatment equipment in the prior art, that is to say, sewage can be directly discharged after being treated by the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank, but at the same time, the tank is also a sedimentation tank of sludge, and the precipitated sludge is firmly adhered to the bottom, when the sludge is pumped by adopting a pump, the sludge cannot be pumped cleanly, the treated water is stirred, the water stirred by the pump cannot be precipitated again in a short time, and the secondary pollution to the environment is caused. This application sets up mud cleaning device in the bottom of this sedimentation tank, because this mud cleaning device comprises mud pushing shovel, push rod and power supply in structural design, and mud pushing shovel is structural design, both shovel, be the lid (the bottom width and the length of shovel can be with this pond bottom mud storage drain hole cover), consequently, when power supply (like hydro-cylinder, motor promote screw mechanism) promote shovel mud shovel motion, can push into the drain hole and cover the drain hole with settling mud, be located the drain hole below this moment and be mud in the mud transfer tank under the suction effect of pump, can be very fast with the mud suction clean, also can not stir the clear water in the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank muddy, avoided the pollution to the follow-up sand filter, the drawback that prior art exists has been solved. 4. The lower part of the aerobic tank is provided with an upper layer of aeration heads and a lower layer of aeration heads, and the design that the two layers of aeration heads are arranged in two rows and the two rows of aeration head nozzles are in cross and opposite injection and collide is the fourth technical feature of the invention. The purpose of this design is: when the high-pressure air flow sprayed out from the nozzle of the aeration head collides with water, the oxygen-containing aeration head not only plays a role of dissolving oxygen in the common air into water, but also forms a vortex by utilizing the collision between the water and the water, so that the displacement speed and circulation of the fluid in the tank can be accelerated while the dissolved oxygen in the aerobic tank is further improved.
Technical scheme 1: an integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device comprises a domestic sewage treatment integrated box body, wherein the domestic sewage treatment integrated box body is sequentially provided with an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank I, an aerobic tank II, a chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank and a device room, and a sand filter is arranged between 1) the device room and the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank; 2) The anoxic tank is filled with composite filler comprising 30-40% polyurethane and 60-70% carbon fiber filler, and the filling rate is more than 28% and less than 35%; 3) The first aerobic tank and the second aerobic tank are respectively provided with 60-64% of porous gel and 36-40% of carbon fiber filler composite filler, and the filling rate is more than 28% and less than 35%; 4) The chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank comprises a flocculation reaction zone and an inclined tube sedimentation zone, after the effluent of the aerobic tank is fully mixed with the ferric salt dephosphorization agent in the reaction zone, the effluent is sedimentated through the inclined tube sedimentation zone, supernatant fluid is discharged from an overflow weir at the upper part, and sludge sediments are pumped to a sludge tank at the bottom by a sludge pump at regular time.
Technical scheme 2: a sewage treatment method of integrated rural domestic sewage treatment equipment,
(1) a/O biological denitrification: ammonification reaction: the main forms of nitrogen present in untreated sewage are organic nitrogen compounds (proteins and amino acids), ammonia nitrogen, and the like. Under the action of ammoniation bacteria, decomposing and converting the organic nitrogen compound into ammonia nitrogen; nitration reaction: the nitrifying reaction is completed by aerobic self-oxidizing microorganism, and under the aerobic state, NH is prepared by taking inorganic carbon as a carbon source 4 + Oxidation to NO 2 - Then oxidized to NO 3 - The nitrifying bacteria in the aerobic tank are easier to enrich, and the nitrifying reaction is more thorough; denitrification reaction: the denitrification reaction is to reduce nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen into gaseous nitrogen (N) under the anoxic state 2 ) In the process of (2), denitrifying bacteria are heterotrophic microorganisms, belong to facultative bacteria, and in the anoxic state, oxygen in nitrate is used as an electron acceptor, organic matters are used as an electron donor, energy is provided and oxidized and stabilized, and NO is generated under the metabolic activity of the denitrifying bacteria 3 There are two transformation pathways for N: assimilating denitrification (synthesis), wherein the final product is an organic nitrogen compound and becomes a component part of the thallus; catabolic denitrification (decomposition) with gaseous nitrogen as the final product;
(2) Chemical dosing dephosphorization: the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank do not have the function of dephosphorization, the effluent of the aerobic tank is provided with a chemical dephosphorization tank to add a dephosphorization agent, so that the total phosphorus in the system is chemically dephosphorized, the total phosphorus of the effluent is ensured to reach the standard, and the precipitated sludge produced by the dephosphorization tank is discharged through a sludge cleaning device and is placed into a sludge sedimentation tank to be cleaned regularly by a manure suction vehicle;
(3) Sand filter tank: the effluent of the chemical dephosphorization pool enters a sand filter, and the sand filter can effectively remove pollutants such as SS and COD in water, and the effluent quality index of the sewage is as follows: COD (chemical oxygen demand) Cr Not more than mg/L, SS not more than 8mg/L, BOD not more than 8mg/L, TP not more than 0.5 mg/L; ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 4mg/L, and the sand filter is required to be backwashed regularly.
Compared with the background technology, the invention not only provides good moving bed and fixed bed carrier for microorganism strains, but also fully utilizes microorganisms to purify water quality; secondly, when the sludge is cleaned, the clean water in the pool is prevented from being secondarily stirred by the suction pump and the sludge; thirdly, the two rows of aeration head nozzles are in cross and opposite injection and collide, so that the dissolution amount of oxygen in air in water is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the lower layer of the integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a middle-layer plan view of the integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a schematic upper plane view of the integrated rural domestic sewage treatment equipment, and the reference numeral 16 is used for checking and repairing the well, 17 is used for adding medicines and checking and repairing the cover, and 18 is used for air inlets.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of an integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus.
Detailed Description
Example 1: reference is made to fig. 1-4. An integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device comprises a domestic sewage treatment box body, wherein the domestic sewage treatment box body is composed of an anoxic tank 11, an aerobic tank I12, an aerobic tank II 13, a chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank 14 and a device room, and a sand filter 15 is arranged between 1) the device room and the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank; 2) The anoxic tank is filled with composite filler comprising 30-40% polyurethane and 60-70% carbon fiber filler, and the filling rate is more than 28% and less than 35%; 3) The first aerobic tank and the second aerobic tank are respectively provided with 60-64% of porous gel and 36-40% of carbon fiber filler composite filler, and the filling rate is more than 28% and less than 35%; 4) The chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank comprises a flocculation reaction zone and an inclined tube sedimentation zone, after the effluent of the aerobic tank is fully mixed with the ferric salt dephosphorization agent in the reaction zone, the effluent is sedimentated in the inclined tube 19 sedimentation zone, supernatant fluid is discharged from an overflow weir at the upper part, and sludge sediments are pumped to a sludge tank at the bottom by a sludge pump at regular time.
The carbon fiber filler is a honeycomb filler, and the manufacturing method thereof is prior art and is not described herein. The cellular filler is distributed at the top and bottom of the aerobic tank.
An upper layer of aeration heads 1 and a lower layer of aeration heads 1 are arranged at the lower part of the aerobic tank, each layer of aeration heads 1 is two rows of aeration heads not less than 4, and the nozzles of the two rows of aeration heads 1 are in cross and opposite injection and collide, and are not shown in the figure. The lower part of the second aerobic tank is provided with an upper layer of aeration heads 1 and a lower layer of aeration heads 1, each layer of aeration heads 1 is provided with two rows of no less than 8, and the nozzles of the two rows of aeration heads 1 are in cross and opposite injection and collide. The diameter of the aeration head is more than 200mm and less than 220mm, but is not limited to the above.
The aeration heads 1 in the anoxic tank, the aerobic tank I and the aerobic tank II are respectively connected with the air pipe 2 in parallel through the branch air pipe and the branch valve, and the air pipe 2 is connected with the fan 5.
The thickness of the filter material layer is 1.1-1.5 m, the grain diameter of sand is 1.2-2 mm, and the filtering speed is 1.1-1.3 m 3 /m 2 ·h。
The chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank is characterized in that a plurality of pipes are piled into inclined pipes with angles larger than 55 degrees, and the aperture of the inclined pipes is larger than 80 mm. And mixed liquor return pipes 10 and 9 are arranged between the second aerobic tank and the anoxic tank. A sludge storage drain (not shown) is arranged at the bottom of the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank, a sludge transfer tank (not shown) is arranged below the drain, and a sludge cleaning device is arranged at the bottom of the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank. The mud cleaning device comprises a mud pushing shovel, a push rod and a power source, wherein one end of the push rod is connected with the mud pushing shovel, the other end of the push rod is connected with the power source (an oil cylinder, an air cylinder and a motor screw pushing mechanism), the power source pushes the mud pushing shovel to push the sediment at the bottom of the mud pushing shovel to a mud draining pool, meanwhile, the bottom of the mud pushing shovel just covers a sewage outlet, when the mud is pumped by a pump, the bottom of the mud pushing shovel firmly seals the sewage outlet under the action of negative pressure pumping, so that the mud in the mud draining pool can not flow backwards, the pollution to water can not be generated, and the pump positioned in the mud draining pool is used for pumping away. The water outlet side of the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank is provided with an overflow weir 3
A back flushing mechanism is arranged in the sand filter. That is, a plurality of water spray pipes 4 are distributed in the sand guide in the sand filter, and a plurality of water spray ports are distributed on the pipe body of the water spray pipe 4.
The equipment room is provided with a dosing metering pump 7 for adding the dephosphorizing agent, a fan 5, a reflux pump 6, a backwashing pump and a control cabinet. The dosing metering pump 7 is communicated with the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank through a dosing pipe 8.
Example 2: reference is made to fig. 5. Based on example 1, a sewage treatment method of an integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device, (1) a/O biological denitrification: ammonification reaction: the main forms of nitrogen present in untreated sewage are organic nitrogen compounds (proteins and amino acids), ammonia nitrogen, and the like. Under the action of ammoniation bacteria, the organic nitrogen compound is decomposed and converted into ammonia nitrogen.
Nitration reaction: the nitrifying reaction is completed by aerobic self-oxidizing microorganism, and under the aerobic state, NH is prepared by taking inorganic carbon as a carbon source 4 + Oxidation to NO 2 - Then oxidized to NO 3 - The nitrifying bacteria in the aerobic tank are easier to enrich, and the nitrifying reaction is more thorough; denitrification reaction: the denitrification reaction is to reduce nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen into gaseous nitrogen (N) under the anoxic state 2 ) In the process of (2), denitrifying bacteria are heterotrophic microorganisms, belong to facultative bacteria, and in the anoxic state, oxygen in nitrate is used as an electron acceptor, organic matters are used as an electron donor, energy is provided and oxidized and stabilized, and NO is generated under the metabolic activity of the denitrifying bacteria 3 There are two transformation pathways for N: assimilating denitrification (synthesis), wherein the final product is an organic nitrogen compound and becomes a component part of the thallus; catabolic denitrification (decomposition) with gaseous nitrogen as the final product;
(2) Chemical dosing dephosphorization: the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank do not have the function of dephosphorization, the effluent of the aerobic tank is provided with a chemical dephosphorization tank to add a dephosphorization agent, so that the total phosphorus in the system is chemically dephosphorized, the total phosphorus of the effluent is ensured to reach the standard, and the precipitated sludge produced by the dephosphorization tank is discharged through a sludge cleaning device and is placed into a sludge sedimentation tank to be cleaned regularly by a manure suction vehicle;
(3) Sand filter tank: the effluent of the chemical dephosphorization pool enters a sand filter, and the sand filter can effectively remove pollutants such as SS and COD in water, and the effluent quality index of the sewage is as follows: COD (chemical oxygen demand) Cr 35-45 mg/L, SS is less than or equal to 8mg/L and less than or equal to 10; BOD is less than or equal to 8mg/L, TP is less than or equal to 0.5 mg/L; ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 4mg/L, and the sand filter tank is backwashed regularly.
Illustrating:
1. and (3) an adjusting tank: the regulating tank is buried outside the equipment, the purpose of regulating the water quality and the water quantity is achieved, the tank is of a brick-concrete structure, a tank cover is arranged on the regulating tank, one inspection hole is arranged on the regulating tank, and the size of the inspection hole is 0.6m multiplied by 0.6m.
Design flow: 2.5m is m 3 /h; residence time: 8 hours; effective volume: 20m is m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Quantity: 1, a seat; size: 2.7x2.4x3.6. 3.6 m; accessory equipment: lift pump q=5 m 3 H, h=7m, n=0.25 kw, quantity: 2 (one for one) and number of gratings: 1 set.
2. An anoxic tank: design flow: 2.5m is m 3 /h; residence time: 3.5 h, performing H; effective volume: 8.75 m is m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Quantity: 1, a seat; size: 1.6X2.5X2.5 m; accessory equipment: and (3) filling: 35% of polyurethane and 65% of carbon fiber filler composite filler, and the filling rate is 30%; aeration head: phi = 215mm,4
3. Aerobic tank 1: design flow: 2.5m is m 3 /h; residence time: 3.5 h, performing H; effective volume: 8.75 m is m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Quantity: 1, a seat; size: 1.2X2.5X2.5 m; accessory equipment: and (3) filling: 62% of porous gel and 38% of carbon fiber filler composite filler, and the filling rate is 30%; aeration head: Φ=215 mm,8, air-water ratio 13.
4. And (2) an aerobic tank: design flow: 2.5m is m 3 /h; residence time: 3.5 h, performing H; effective volume: 8.75 m is m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Quantity: 1, a seat; size: 1.2X2.5X2.5 m; accessory equipment: and (3) filling: 62% of porous gel and 38% of carbon fiber filler composite filler, and the filling rate is 35%; aeration head: Φ=215 mm,16 (bilayer), air-water ratio 13.
The carbon fiber filler is in a snail-shaped structure or a curtain-shaped structure, is fixed at the top and the bottom of the aerobic tank up and down, is suspended in porous gel water, and provides a moving bed and a fixed bed carrier for microorganism strains. The porous gel filler is subjected to screening, domestication and expansion culture to obtain the obligate fungus with high-efficiency removal effect on specific pollutants, and the obligate fungus is fixed in porous gel molecules by a certain method. As aerobic Chi Tianliao, the carrier can make microorganisms keep higher activity in the carrier and proliferate rapidly under proper conditions, and the microorganism concentration is always kept at a higher level under the environment of larger fluctuation coefficient (2-4) of the sewage inflow concentration of villages and towns and low carbon source, and is provided with double-layer aeration equipment, so that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a tank is 18-29% higher under the condition of the same gas-water ratio, and the aeration efficiency is also greatly improved. In addition, the porous gel filler and the carbon fiber mixed filler are used, and the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency can be obviously increased by 38-47% under the low-temperature condition that the temperature is lower than 16 ℃ because the porous gel is self-seeded with efficient strains.
5. Chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank: in order to ensure that the phosphorus in the effluent reaches the standard, a chemical phosphorus removal measure is added behind the aerobic tank, and ferric salt or aluminum salt is added to ensure that the normal phosphorus is replaced by ferric phosphate and aluminum phosphate to be precipitated and removed. The precipitated sludge is discharged into a sludge tank and is treated periodically by a vehicle-mounted sludge treatment system. The dephosphorization pool comprises a flocculation reaction zone and an inclined tube sedimentation zone, after the effluent of the aerobic pool is fully mixed with the ferric salt dephosphorization agent in the reaction zone, the effluent is sedimentated through the inclined tube sedimentation zone, supernatant fluid is discharged from an overflow weir at the upper part, and sludge sediments are pumped to a sludge pool at the bottom by a sludge pump at regular time.
Design flow: 2.5m is m 3 /h; residence time: 4 h; quantity: 1, a seat; size: 1.8X2.5X2.5 m; the inclined tube is 1m long, the installation angle is 60 degrees, and the aperture of the inclined tube is 82 mm;
6. sand filter tank: the thickness of the filter material layer is 1.3m, the grain diameter of sand is 1.2-2 mm, and the filtering speed is 1.2m 3 /m 2 ·h。
Design flow: 2.5m is m 3 /h; residence time: 2 h; quantity: 1, a seat; size: 0.9X2.5X2.5 m;
7. between the devices:
(1) Dephosphorization agent dosing device: dosing metering pump: 1, performance parameters: 5L/h,5bar,0.02kw, kit: PT-500L-PE (one).
(2) And (3) a rotary fan: baishide (HC-40S) 2, q=0.6 m 3 /min，P=50 kPa，N=0.75kw。
(3) Reflux pump: 1 self priming pump q=8m 3 /h，H＝5m，P＝0.75kw ；
(4) Backwash pump: 1 self priming pump q=40m 3 /h，H=12m，N=3.5kw
(5) Control cabinet: the prior art is not described here.
It should be understood that: although the above embodiments describe the design concept of the present invention in more detail, these descriptions are merely descriptions of the design concept of the present invention, and not limitations on the design concept of the present invention, and any combination, addition or modification not exceeding the design concept of the present invention falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides an rural domestic sewage treatment equipment of integration, includes domestic sewage treatment box, and domestic sewage treatment box comprises oxygen deficiency pond, good oxygen pond first, good oxygen pond second, chemistry dephosphorization sedimentation tank, equipment room in proper order, characterized by: an upper layer of aeration heads and a lower layer of aeration heads are arranged at the lower part of the aerobic tank, each layer of aeration heads is provided with two rows of aeration heads and not less than 4 aeration heads, and the nozzles of the two rows of aeration heads are oppositely sprayed in a crossing way and collide with each other to form fluid vortex to stir liquid; an upper layer of aeration heads and a lower layer of aeration heads are arranged at the lower part of the second aerobic tank, each layer of aeration heads is provided with two rows of aeration heads which are not less than 8, the nozzles of the two rows of aeration heads are in cross and opposite injection and collide, and the diameters of the aeration heads are more than 200mm and less than 220mm; the aeration head assemblies in the anoxic tank, the aerobic tank I and the aerobic tank II are respectively communicated with the air pipe in parallel through the branch air pipe and the branch valve, and the air pipe is communicated with the fan; a sludge storage and draining port is formed in the bottom of the chemical phosphorus removal sedimentation tank, a sludge transfer tank is arranged below the draining port, a sludge cleaning device is arranged at the bottom of the chemical phosphorus removal sedimentation tank, the sludge cleaning device consists of a sludge pushing shovel, a push rod and a power source, one end of the push rod is connected with the sludge pushing shovel, the other end of the push rod is connected with the power source, and the power source pushes the sludge pushing shovel to push the sludge deposited at the bottom to the sludge draining tank through the push rod and pumps the sludge in the sludge draining tank;
1) A sand filter is arranged between the equipment and the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank;
2) The anoxic tank is filled with composite filler comprising 30-40% polyurethane and 60-70% carbon fiber filler, and the filling rate is more than 28% and less than 35%;
3) The first aerobic tank and the second aerobic tank are respectively provided with 60-64% of porous gel and 36-40% of carbon fiber filler composite filler, and the filling rate is more than 28% and less than 35%;
4) The chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank comprises a flocculation reaction zone and an inclined tube sedimentation zone, after the effluent of the aerobic tank fully reacts and flocculates with the ferric salt dephosphorization agent, the effluent is sedimentated through the inclined tube sedimentation zone, supernatant fluid is discharged from an overflow weir at the upper part, and sludge sediments are pumped to a sludge tank at the bottom by a sludge pump at regular time.
2. The integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon fiber filler is a honeycomb filler which is distributed and fixed at the top and the bottom of the aerobic tank.
3. The integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the filter material layer is 1.1-1.5 m, the grain diameter of sand is 1.2-2 mm, and the filtering speed is 1.1-1.3 m 3 /m 2 ·h。
4. The integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank adopts aeration stirring to accelerate reaction, the installation angle of the inclined tube in the inclined tube sedimentation zone is 55-60 degrees, the aperture of the inclined tube is 80-100 mm, and the length of the inclined tube is 1.0-1.2 m.
5. The integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a mixed liquid return pipe is arranged between the second aerobic tank and the anoxic tank, nitrifying bacteria in the second aerobic tank are easier to enrich, and the return denitrification effect from the second aerobic tank is better.
6. The integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a back flushing structure is arranged in the sand filter.
7. The integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of water spray pipes are distributed in the sand guide in the sand filter, and a plurality of water spray ports are distributed on the pipe body of the water spray pipes.
8. The integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the equipment room is provided with a dosing metering pump for adding the dephosphorizing agent, a rotary fan, a reflux pump, a backwashing pump and a control cabinet.
9. The integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end surfaces of the anoxic tank, the aerobic tank I and the aerobic tank II are respectively provided with a repair well.
10. The integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end surface of the chemical dephosphorization sedimentation tank is provided with a dosing area access cover.
11. The integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a ventilation opening is arranged between the devices.
12. A sewage treatment method using the integrated rural domestic sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1, characterized by:
(1) a/O biological denitrification:
ammonification reaction: the main forms of nitrogen in untreated sewage are organic nitrogen compounds and ammonia nitrogen, and under the action of ammoniated bacteria, the organic nitrogen compounds are decomposed and converted into ammonia nitrogen, wherein the organic nitrogen compounds comprise proteins and amino acids;
nitration reaction: the nitration reaction is carried out by aerobic self-oxygen typeMicroorganism is completed, under the aerobic state, NH is prepared by taking inorganic carbon as a carbon source 4 + Oxidation to NO 2 - Then oxidized to NO 3 - The nitrifying bacteria in the aerobic tank are easier to enrich, and the nitrifying reaction is more thorough;
denitrification reaction: the denitrification reaction is a process of reducing nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen into gaseous nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria in an anoxic state, the denitrifying bacteria are heterotrophic microorganisms and belong to facultative bacteria, in the anoxic state, oxygen in nitrate is used as an electron acceptor, organic matters are used as an electron donor, energy is provided and the energy is oxidized and stabilized, and under the metabolic activity of the denitrifying bacteria, NO 3 There are two transformation pathways for N: assimilating and denitrifying, wherein the final product is an organic nitrogen compound and becomes a component part of the thallus; dissimilatory denitrification is carried out, and the final product is gaseous nitrogen;
(2) Chemical dosing dephosphorization: the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank do not have the function of dephosphorization, the effluent of the aerobic tank is provided with a chemical dephosphorization tank to add a dephosphorization agent, so that the total phosphorus in the system is chemically dephosphorized, the total phosphorus of the effluent is ensured to reach the standard, and the precipitated sludge produced by the dephosphorization tank is discharged through a sludge cleaning device and is placed into a sludge sedimentation tank to be cleaned regularly by a manure suction vehicle;
(3) Sand filter tank:
the effluent of the chemical dephosphorization pool enters a sand filter, and the sand filter can effectively remove SS and COD pollutants in water, and the effluent quality index of the sewage is as follows: COD (chemical oxygen demand) Cr 45mg/L or less, SS or less than 8mg/L, BOD or less than 8mg/L, TP or less than 0.5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen or less than 4mg/L, and the sand filter is required to be backwashed periodically.
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| CN110217946A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-10 | 北京工业大学 | Three-level rotating disc type sewage-treatment plant based on biological active filling material |
| CN111217489A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-06-02 | 南京大学盐城环保技术与工程研究院 | Sewage purification equipment for strengthening ammonia nitrogen removal capability of village and town sewage |
| CN110921977A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-03-27 | 南京大学盐城环保技术与工程研究院 | Take integration sewage purification equipment of ejector |
| CN214422469U (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-10-19 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | Integrated single-family-household rural domestic sewage treatment equipment |
| CN113772897A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-10 | 中国人民大学 | Rural integrated sewage treatment device |
| CN114590955B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2023-02-03 | 山西建投晋东南建筑产业有限公司 | Integrated rural sewage treatment station and treatment method thereof |
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