CN111268198A

CN111268198A - Fruit and vegetable net sleeving machine

Info

Publication number: CN111268198A
Application number: CN202010303445.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于复江; 于复洋
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-03-02
Filing date: 2020-04-17
Publication date: 2020-06-12

Abstract

The invention relates to fruit and vegetable processing equipment, in particular to a fruit and vegetable net covering machine, which comprises a pair of rollers pivoted on a rack and used for conveying at least one net covering belt. Compared with the prior art, the fruit and vegetable net cover has a very simple structure, is very ingenious, does not directly cover the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, but falls into the middle position of the net cover by utilizing the gravity of the fruits and vegetables, so that the net cover cannot be excessively expanded, the net cover is very good in net covering effect, and the efficiency is very high.

Description

Fruit and vegetable net sleeving machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to fruit and vegetable processing equipment, in particular to a fruit and vegetable net sleeving machine.

Background

The existing fruit and vegetable net sleeving operation mostly depends on manual work, and the manual net sleeving operation is high in labor cost and low in efficiency. The prior net cover is generally a polyethylene extrusion foaming net, is very astringent even if contacting with fruits and vegetables with smooth surfaces such as apples and pears, and is not easy to be sleeved, so the net cover is required to be pre-expanded to a scale far larger than the diameter of the sleeved fruits and vegetables to complete the net covering operation in the prior art, but the retraction performance of the polyethylene extrusion foaming net is not very strong, and the problem that the net cover is easy to fall off from the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables can be caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome one of the defects or shortcomings of the prior art, the invention discloses a fruit and vegetable net sleeving machine with a novel structure, which adopts the technical scheme that:

the fruit and vegetable net covering machine comprises a pair of rollers which are pivoted on a rack and used for conveying at least one net covering belt, and is different from the prior art in that two circular plates are fixedly arranged on the rack above the pair of rollers and corresponding to each net covering belt, the distance between the lower ends of the two circular plates and contact points on two sides of the net covering belt is equal to or slightly larger than the width of the net covering belt, and the distance between the upper ends of the two circular plates and the contact points on two sides of the net covering belt is smaller than the width of the net covering belt.

The fruit and vegetable net sleeving machine further comprises opening and closing mechanical arms with the number equal to that of the net sleeving belts, when the opening and closing mechanical arms are closed, the upper ends of the net sleeving belts are circularly returned through the two circular plates and can be sleeved with the opening and closing mechanical arms, when the opening and closing mechanical arms are opened, fruits and vegetables in the opening and closing mechanical arms fall and leave the opening and closing mechanical arms to enter the net sleeving belts, meanwhile, the net sleeving belts are cut off to form net sleeving sections, and the fallen fruits and vegetables drive the net sleeving sections to be separated from the opening and closing mechanical arms.

As one specific embodiment, the fruit and vegetable netting machine comprises a sliding plate which is in sliding fit with a rack in the front-back direction, and a ring frame which surrounds all opening and closing mechanical arms, wherein circular holes which are equal to the opening and closing mechanical arms in number and are used for accommodating fruits and vegetables to pass through are formed in the sliding plate, and the ring frame is in sliding fit with the sliding plate up and down; each opening and closing mechanical arm comprises more than two petals which are wide at the upper part and narrow at the lower part, the upper ends of the petals are hinged to the lower surface of the sliding plate around the circular hole, and a 7-shaped claw is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of each petal; the ring frame is internally and fixedly connected with a deflector rod extending into each claw, the outer side, the left side and the right side of the ring frame are respectively pivoted with a roller, a horizontal rail is respectively and fixedly arranged on the machine frame corresponding to the two rollers, a boss is formed by upwards protruding the horizontal rail at a position slightly in front of the circle center of the circular hole, and the rollers can roll along the upper surface of the horizontal rail.

As one specific embodiment, the fruit and vegetable opening and closing machine further comprises a conveying device for conveying the fruits and the vegetables for each opening and closing mechanical arm, wherein the conveying device is fixedly connected with the rack and used for feeding materials in a vibrating mode.

As one specific embodiment, the fruit and vegetable harvesting machine further comprises a conveyor belt device for receiving fallen fruits and vegetables with the net sections sleeved on the surfaces.

As one specific embodiment, the device for cutting off the mesh sleeve belt comprises an electric heating wire, the installation height of the electric heating wire does not exceed the lower edge of the opening and closing manipulator, and the electric heating wire is fixed in the left and right direction of the rack and spans all the mesh sleeve belts; or the electric heating wire is fixedly arranged on a transmission mechanism which reciprocates left and right with the frame, and all the net belts are cut off when the transmission mechanism reciprocates once.

Compared with the prior art, the fruit and vegetable net cover has a very simple structure, is very ingenious, does not directly cover the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, but falls into the middle position of the net cover by utilizing the gravity of the fruits and vegetables, so that the net cover cannot be excessively expanded, the net cover is very good in net covering effect, and the efficiency is very high.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pair of rollers, a circular plate, a frame, a horizontal rail, and an electric heating wire in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the state after the mesh belt passes through the return plate.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sliding plate, an opening and closing manipulator and a ring frame in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view at B in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 4 from another view angle.

Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view at C in fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is one of the operation state diagrams of embodiment 1.

Fig. 9 is a second operation state diagram of embodiment 1.

Fig. 10 shows the third operating state diagram of embodiment 1.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a slide plate, an opening and closing robot, and a loop frame in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1, a fruit and vegetable netting machine as shown in fig. 1, includes a pair roller 1 pivoted on a frame 200 for conveying 3 netting belts 100, of course, the more the number of the netting belts 100 is, the higher the efficiency is, and 3 belts are only for convenience of explanation and brief drawing. It is well known to those skilled in the art that the so-called counter roller is formed by two rollers which are opposite in direction and one of which is driving and the other of which is driven, and although power components such as a motor and a gearbox are not shown in the drawings, these are conventional in the art. Those skilled in the art can also understand that the gap between the pair of rollers should be slightly smaller than the thickness of the double-layer net cover belt 100 to enable the net cover belt 100 to be twisted upwards in the rotating process, and the twisting height of the net cover belt 100 can be adjusted by adjusting the number of turns or angles of the rotation of the pair of rollers, so that details are not repeated for brevity of patent documents.

Two circular plates 21 are fixedly arranged on the machine frame 200 above the pair of rollers 1 at positions corresponding to each mesh belt 100, as shown in fig. 2, the distance between the lower ends of the two circular plates 21 and the contact points on both sides of the mesh belt 100 is equal to or slightly larger than the width L1 of the mesh belt 100, and the distance L2 between the upper ends and the contact points on both sides of the mesh belt 100 is smaller than the width of the mesh belt 100. Thus, as shown in fig. 3, during the upward movement of the mesh belt 100, the upper opening of the originally closed mesh belt 100 is squeezed open, which is convenient for the next station.

The fruit and vegetable netting machine of the invention also comprises opening and closing mechanical arms 3 with the same number as the netting belts 100, the opening and closing mechanical arms 3 can have various structural forms as long as the effect can be realized: that is, when the opening and closing mechanical arm 3 is closed, the upper end of the net cover belt 100 which is returned to the round shape through the two circular plates 21 can be sleeved on the net cover belt 100, when the opening and closing mechanical arm 3 is opened, fruits and vegetables located in the opening and closing mechanical arm 3 fall off the opening and closing mechanical arm 3 to enter the net cover belt 100, meanwhile, the net cover belt 100 is cut off to form a net cover section, and the fallen fruits and vegetables drive the net cover section to be separated from the opening and closing mechanical arm 3.

The embodiment provides a specific structure of the opening and closing manipulator 3 which is considered by the inventor to be ingenious, and also comprises structures which are suitable for other parts of the opening and closing manipulator 3: as shown in fig. 4-7, firstly, a sliding plate 300 which is in sliding fit with the frame 200 in the front-back direction is included, specifically, the upper ends of the two sides of the frame are also used as sliding blocks, the lower surface of the sliding plate 300 is fixedly provided with sliding grooves which are arranged in the front-back direction, the sliding blocks are in sliding fit with the sliding grooves, and of course, other sliding fit manners can be adopted; there are various mechanisms for driving the sliding plate 300 to move back and forth, such as a screw nut structure, a cylinder structure, a synchronous belt structure, and a chain structure, which are conventional means in the art, and the inventor believes that it is not worth wasting ink. The fruit and vegetable ring is characterized by further comprising a ring frame 400 for enclosing all the opening and closing mechanical arms 3, round holes 301 which are equal to the opening and closing mechanical arms 3 in number and are used for accommodating fruits and vegetables to pass through are formed in the sliding plate 300, the ring frame 400 is in up-and-down sliding fit with the sliding plate 300, and the conventional means in the field is adopted, and in the embodiment, a sliding rod and sliding sleeve structure is adopted; each opening and closing mechanical arm 3 comprises 4 wide flaps 31 with narrow lower parts, the upper ends of the flaps 31 are hinged to the lower surface of the sliding plate 300 around the circular hole 301, a 7-shaped claw 32 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of each flap 31, each claw 32 comprises a horizontal section 321 and an inclined vertical section 322, and the axial line of the inclined vertical section 322 is parallel to the side shadow line of the outer surface of the flap 31 at the position; a deflector rod 401 extending into each of the hooks 32 is fixedly connected in the ring frame 400, the outer side, the left side and the right side of the ring frame 400 are respectively pivoted with a roller 402, a horizontal rail 500 is respectively and fixedly arranged on the rack 200 corresponding to the two rollers 402, and a boss 501 is formed by upward protruding the horizontal rail 500 at a position slightly in front of the circle center of the circular hole 301, as shown in fig. 1 or 3; the roller 402 can roll along the upper surface of the horizontal rail 500.

The fruit and vegetable conveying device comprises a conveying device 600 for conveying the fruits and vegetables through the opening and closing manipulator 3, the conveying device can have multiple modes, and the conveying device has multiple modes in the prior art, for example, the fruits and vegetables are placed in a slightly inclined large conveying groove, the large conveying groove is divided into four slightly inclined small conveying grooves, the large conveying groove and the small conveying grooves are driven by power to vibrate, and the fruits and vegetables uniformly move to the round holes 301 through vibration, so that the fruits and vegetables flowing to each round hole are not empty, heavy and extruded. The rotary feeding of the rubber screw shaft, the feeding of the bowl-shaped tray conveyor belt and the like can be realized, and only one fruit and vegetable can be conveyed into the round hole 301 at a time.

Since most of the horizontal track is horizontal, when the sliding plate 300 drives the roller 402 to roll along the upper surface of the horizontal part of the horizontal track 500, the ring frame 400 has a downward force under the action of gravity to drive the shift lever 401 to squeeze the inner side of the inclined vertical section 322 of the hook claw 32, so that the lower ends of the 4 flaps 31 are folded, the whole is in a cone shape with a large top and a small bottom, and the fruits and vegetables in the leaves cannot be closed down.

When the sliding plate 300 drives the roller 402 to roll to the boss 501, the roller drives the ring frame 400 to lift, the shifting rod 401 extrudes the lower side of the horizontal section 321 of the hook claw 32, the hook claw 32 drives the petals 31 to turn upwards, the four petals 31 are opened like flowers, and the fruits and vegetables in the petals fall down without limitation. The closer the fastening position of the claw on the flap 31 is to the upper end, the smaller the amplitude of the required lifting of the ring frame 400, and the amplification of the lever.

The present embodiment also includes conveyor means for receiving fallen fruit and vegetable pieces covered with net sections, as is also conventional in the art and not shown.

The device for cutting off the mesh sleeve belt 100 in this embodiment includes a heating wire 700, the installation height of the heating wire 700 does not exceed the lower edge of the opening and closing manipulator 3, and the heating wire 700 is fixed in the left and right direction of the frame 200 and spans all the mesh sleeve belts 100;

of course it is also possible: the heating wire 700 is fixedly installed on a driving mechanism reciprocating left and right with the frame 200, and cuts off all the mesh cover strings 100 when the driving mechanism reciprocates once.

The specific net sleeving process is as follows: as shown in fig. 8, when the sliding plate 300 is located at the rear of the rack, 4 fruits and vegetables respectively pass through the four channels of the conveying device 600 and respectively enter the four opening and closing manipulators 3 in a closed state through the round holes 301, then the transmission mechanism drives the sliding plate 300 to move forward, as shown in fig. 9, when the four opening and closing manipulators 3 reach the four mesh sleeve belts 100, the four mesh sleeve belts stop moving, at this time, the pair of rollers 1 rotate, the mesh sleeve belts 100 are twisted during the upward movement, the upper opening of the originally closed net sleeve belt 100 is squeezed open by the circular returning plate 21, the net sleeve belt 100 continues to move upwards and is sleeved on the lower section of the opening and closing mechanical arm 3, the sleeved length is stopped when the sleeved length is about half of the average fruit and vegetable diameter, as shown in fig. 10, when the transmission mechanism drives the sliding plate 300 to move forward a small distance, the roller 402 touches the boss 501, and the mesh sleeve belt 100 touches the heating wire 700 and is cut off; the roller drives the ring frame 400 to lift, the deflector rod 401 extrudes the lower side of the horizontal section 321 of the hook claw 32, the hook claw 32 drives the petals 31 to turn up, the four petals 31 are opened like a flower, the part of the net sleeve section, which is positioned on the petals 31, expands, the part of the net sleeve section, which is positioned below the petals 31, is pulled, but the lower end of the net sleeve section is also contracted, the fruit and vegetable in the four petals 31 firstly touches the contracted part of the lower end of the net sleeve section in the falling process, the part wraps the lower half part of the fruit and vegetable, the fruit and vegetable continuously falls, the net sleeve section, which is positioned on the petals 31, is pulled, the part of the net sleeve section is wrapped on the upper half part of the fruit and vegetable after being contracted, the fruit and vegetable are completely sleeved on the conveying belt device when falling onto the conveying belt device, the process is completed at the brake, and then the transmission mechanism drives the sliding plate 300 to move backwards to reset, so that the next cycle.

Embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 11, is the same as embodiment 1 except that the opening and closing manipulator 3 is divided into two groups, each group has 3, and certainly there are more groups, so that the sliding plate can perform the netting operation during the back and forth stroke, and there is no idle stroke, and the efficiency is doubled.

Claims

1. The fruit and vegetable net sleeving machine comprises a pair roller (1) which is pivoted on a rack (200) and used for conveying at least one net sleeving belt (100), and is characterized in that two circular plates (21) are fixedly arranged on the rack (200) above the pair roller (1) at positions corresponding to each net sleeving belt (100), and the distance between the lower end of each circular plate (21) and contact points on two sides of each net sleeving belt (100) is equal to or slightly larger than the width (L1) of each net sleeving belt (100), and the distance (L2) between the contact points on two sides of each net sleeving belt (100) is smaller than the width of each net sleeving belt (100).

2. The fruit and vegetable netting machine according to claim 1, further comprising opening and closing mechanical arms (3) with the number equal to that of the net cover belts (100), wherein when the opening and closing mechanical arms (3) are closed, the upper ends of the net cover belts (100) which are circularly returned through the two circular plates (21) can be sleeved on the opening and closing mechanical arms (3), when the opening and closing mechanical arms (3) are opened, fruits and vegetables in the opening and closing mechanical arms (3) fall off the opening and closing mechanical arms (3) to enter the net cover belts (100), meanwhile, the net cover belts (100) are cut off to form net cover sections, and the fallen fruits and vegetables drive the net cover sections to be separated from the opening and closing mechanical arms (3).

3. The fruit and vegetable netting machine according to claim 2, further comprising a sliding plate (300) in sliding fit with the frame (200) back and forth, a ring frame (400) surrounding all the opening and closing manipulators (3), round holes (301) which are equal in number to the opening and closing manipulators (3) and are used for fruit and vegetable penetration are formed in the sliding plate (300), and the ring frame (400) is in sliding fit with the sliding plate (300) up and down; each opening and closing mechanical arm (3) comprises more than two petals (31) which are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, the upper ends of the petals (31) are hinged to the lower surface of the sliding plate (300) around the circular hole (301), and the outer surface of each petal (31) is fixedly provided with a 7-shaped claw (32); a deflector rod (401) extending into each hook claw (32) is fixedly connected into the ring frame (400), the outer side, the left side and the right side of the ring frame (400) are respectively pivoted with a roller (402), a horizontal rail (500) is fixedly arranged on the machine frame (200) corresponding to the two rollers (402), a boss (501) is formed by upward protruding positions on the horizontal rail (500) and slightly in front of the circle center of the circular hole (301), and the rollers (402) can roll along the upper surface of the horizontal rail (500).

4. The fruit and vegetable netting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the hook (32) comprises a horizontal section (321) and an inclined vertical section (322), and the axial line of the inclined vertical section (322) is parallel to the side shadow line of the outer surface of the flap (31).

5. The fruit and vegetable netting machine according to claim 2, further comprising a conveying device (600) for conveying the fruit and vegetable for each opening and closing manipulator (3), wherein the conveying device (600) is fixedly connected with the frame (200) and used for vibrating and feeding the fruit and vegetable.

6. The fruit and vegetable netting machine of claim 2, further comprising a conveyor belt device for receiving fallen fruit and vegetable with the netting sections on the surface.

7. The fruit and vegetable netting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the device for cutting off the net belt (100) comprises an electric heating wire (700), the installation height of the electric heating wire (700) does not exceed the lower edge of the opening and closing mechanical hand (3), the electric heating wire (700) is fixed on the left and right direction of the frame (200) and spans all the net belts (100); or the electric heating wire (700) is fixedly arranged on a transmission mechanism which reciprocates left and right with the frame (200), and all the net sleeve belts (100) are cut off when the transmission mechanism reciprocates once.