CN111264453B - Cooling and refrigerating device for stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond - Google Patents

Cooling and refrigerating device for stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111264453B
CN111264453B CN202010149561.3A CN202010149561A CN111264453B CN 111264453 B CN111264453 B CN 111264453B CN 202010149561 A CN202010149561 A CN 202010149561A CN 111264453 B CN111264453 B CN 111264453B
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China
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air
vent pipe
stichopus japonicus
box body
cooling
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CN111264453A (en
Inventor
王卫军
杨建敏
孙国华
张同华
刘兆存
解秀春
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Shandong Huachun Fisheries Co ltd
Shandong Yellow River Delta Ocean Technology Co ltd
Ludong University
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Shandong Huachun Fisheries Co ltd
Shandong Yellow River Delta Ocean Technology Co ltd
Ludong University
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Priority to CN202010149561.3A priority Critical patent/CN111264453B/en
Publication of CN111264453A publication Critical patent/CN111264453A/en
Priority to AU2021101190A priority patent/AU2021101190A4/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/06Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/065Heating or cooling devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cooling and refrigerating device for a stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond, which comprises a box body, wherein the bottom wall of an inner cavity of the box body is provided with a bottom plate, one side end of the box body is communicated with an air inlet hole, the other side end of the box body is communicated with an air outlet hole, the outer side end of the air inlet hole is communicated with an air blower, a vent pipe is arranged above the bottom plate, the air inlet end of the vent pipe is communicated with the air inlet hole, the air outlet end of the vent pipe is communicated with the air outlet hole, and the top end of the bottom plate is provided with an ice block layer; according to the invention, the air blower is matched with the air inlet hole to blow air into the vent pipe, the air exchanges heat with the ice cake layer through the vent pipe, so that the air is cooled, low-temperature air is discharged from the air outlet hole, the water in the culture pond is cooled, and the cold air is filled into the water to cool in the whole cooling process, so that the water can be rapidly and fully cooled, and the summer high-temperature defense capacity of the stichopus japonicus can be improved; meanwhile, a large amount of air is injected into the pond, so that the dissolved oxygen of pond water is increased, and the growth environment of the stichopus japonicus is improved.

Description

Cooling and refrigerating device for stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stichopus japonicus pond culture, in particular to a cooling and refrigerating device for a stichopus japonicus culture pond.
Background
Stichopus japonicus, also known as Apostichopus japonicus, has developed into an important breeding variety for mariculture in China through the continuous development of 20 years. Coastal areas of Shandong province and Liaoning province are main production areas of stichopus japonicus in China, and the stichopus japonicus can be cultured all the year round; the Fujian province mainly carries out the south cultivation of the north ginseng in winter, and the yield is also larger. In 2018, the stichopus japonicus breeding area in China is 23.81 million hectares and the yield reaches 17.43 million tons. The pond culture area in the stichopus japonicus culture is large, wherein the stichopus japonicus culture area in the yellow sea delta area exceeds 40 ten thousand mu, but the water temperature in the area is greatly influenced by weather, and particularly in summer, once the stichopus japonicus cultured in the pond meets continuous high-temperature weather, large-area death and even dead production in local areas occur.
In 2013, particularly in 2018, the water temperature of the bottom layer of the stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond reaches 33-34 ℃ in the high-temperature period in summer, the aquaculture yield of the stichopus japonicus major production area in Shandong province and Liaoning province is greatly reduced, and the pond aquaculture loss is heavy. Therefore, the high-temperature-resistant facility equipment in the pond stichopus japonicus culture process is a key technical link in the summer-time stichopus japonicus culture process. In order to cope with high temperature in summer, technical measures such as a sunshade net, a microecological preparation, an oxygen increasing agent, stepped culture and the like are adopted in the stichopus japonicus culture pond in sequence, but the control of low water temperature at the bottom of the pond still cannot be realized, and the existing cooling equipment has high dependence on electric energy and high energy consumption. In order to effectively change the current situation, the invention designs the air cooling and refrigerating device for the stichopus japonicus culture pond, which can effectively reduce the temperature of water at the bottom of the pond in the pond culture pond, improve the defense capability of stichopus japonicus against high temperature in summer and realize the safe summer of stichopus japonicus.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cooling and refrigerating device for a stichopus japonicus culture pond, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a cooling and refrigerating device for a stichopus japonicus culture pond comprises a box body, wherein the box body is made of a container cold storage, a bottom plate is arranged on the bottom wall of an inner cavity of the box body, the bottom plate is made of stainless steel, the bottom plate is arranged obliquely, the included angle alpha between the bottom plate and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the box body is 1-3 degrees, one side end of the box body is communicated with an air inlet hole, the other side end of the box body is communicated with an air outlet hole, the outer side end of the air inlet hole is communicated with the air blower, the distance between the air outlet hole and the bottom wall of the box body is 10cm-20cm, the ventilating pipe is arranged above the bottom plate, the ventilating pipe is a heat exchange pipe and is of a snake-shaped structure, the diameter of the ventilating pipe is 10cm, the thickness of one side of the ventilating pipe is 1mm, and the ventilating pipe with a larger diameter is beneficial to preventing the internal pressure of air in the ventilating pipe from increasing to raise the air temperature due to extrusion; the single-side wall of the vent pipe is thin, which is beneficial to heat exchange; the vent pipe is made of stainless steel materials, so that corrosion and damage can be prevented; the air inlet end of the vent pipe is communicated with the air inlet hole, the air outlet end of the vent pipe is communicated with the air outlet hole, one side of the top end of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the fence, the length between the fence and the air outlet hole is one fifth of the length of the bottom end of the box body, the top end of the bottom plate is provided with an ice block layer which is respectively matched with the vent pipe and the fence, air is blown into the vent pipe through the air inlet hole matched with the air blower, the air is subjected to heat exchange with the ice block layer through the vent pipe, so that the air is cooled, the cooled air continuously flows to the air outlet hole through the vent pipe, meanwhile, an ice water mixture generated by melting the ice block layer flows through the fence and is subjected to secondary heat exchange with the vent pipe, the air is continuously cooled, so that the air temperature can be further reduced, the air after secondary cooling is discharged from the air outlet hole and injected into the pond, so as to further cool the water in the culture pond, the whole cooling process is to fill cold air into water for cooling, so that the water can be quickly and fully cooled, the cooling quality can be greatly improved, the high-temperature defense capacity of the stichopus japonicus in summer can be improved, and the safety of the stichopus japonicus in summer can be realized; the whole cooling process mainly utilizes the ice blocks to cool the air through the vent pipes, only a small amount of electric energy is consumed in the whole cooling process, the energy consumption of the whole device can be greatly reduced, and the cooling cost is favorably reduced; meanwhile, the injection of a large amount of air into the pond is beneficial to improving the dissolved oxygen of pond water, improving the growth environment of the stichopus japonicus and improving the cultivation effect of the stichopus japonicus.
In further embodiment, the one end through connection that the box is close to the venthole has the apopore with ice-cube layer matched with, the apopore is higher than the venthole, and the air passes through the heat of breather pipe to the intraformational exchange of ice-cube for the ice-cube layer gradually melts, melts the frozen water that produces and flows through the apopore and discharges, utilizes the apopore to discharge frozen water, can effectually prevent frozen water accumulation in the box, thereby guarantees the heat exchange cooling effect of ice-cube layer to the air, guarantees the cooling quality to the pond.
In a further embodiment, the height of fence is 10cm, and the fence includes a plurality of steel pipes, all the steel pipes are parallel arrangement side by side, utilize fence cooperation bottom plate to limit ice cube layer to guarantee that ice cube layer passes through the breather pipe and cools down the air smoothly, and the ice water seepage flow fence that the ice cube layer melts the production, and continue to carry out the heat exchange with the breather pipe, carry out the secondary cooling to the air in the breather pipe, guarantee the cooling quality, carry out the reuse to the ice water mixture simultaneously, the low temperature that can furthest's utilization melts water is favorable to reducing resource consumption.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, air is blown into the vent pipe through the air blower matched with the air inlet hole, the air exchanges heat with the ice block layer through the vent pipe, so that the air is cooled, the cooled air continuously flows to the air outlet hole through the vent pipe, meanwhile, an ice-water mixture generated by melting the ice block layer flows through the fence and exchanges heat with the vent pipe for the second time, the air is continuously cooled, so that the air temperature can be further reduced, and the air after the second time of cooling is input into the stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond through the air outlet hole. The cold air is filled into the seawater for cooling in the whole cooling process, so that the seawater can be quickly and fully cooled, and the cooling quality can be greatly improved; meanwhile, a large amount of air is injected into the pond, so that dissolved oxygen in pond water is favorably dissolved, the cultivation environment of the stichopus japonicus is favorably improved, the high-temperature defense capacity of the stichopus japonicus in summer is improved, and the safety of the stichopus japonicus in summer is realized; and whole cooling process mainly utilizes the ice-cube to pass through the breather pipe and cools down the air, and whole cooling process only needs to consume a small amount of electric energy, can reduce the energy consumption of whole device by a wide margin, is favorable to reducing the cooling cost.
2. According to the invention, the ice cube layer is gradually melted by heat exchanged from air to the ice cube layer through the vent pipe, ice water generated by melting is discharged through the water outlet hole, and the heated water after heat exchange is discharged through the water outlet hole, so that the accumulation of the melted heated water in the box body can be effectively prevented, the heat exchange cooling effect of the ice cube layer on the air is ensured, and the cooling quality of the pond is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling and refrigerating device for a stichopus japonicus culture pond;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vent pipe of a cooling and refrigerating device for a stichopus japonicus culture pond.
In the figure: 1-box body, 2-bottom plate, 3-vent pipe, 4-air outlet hole, 5-air inlet hole, 6-blower, 7-fence, 8-ice block layer and 9-water outlet hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, a cooling and refrigerating device for a stichopus japonicus culture pond comprises a box body 1, wherein the box body 1 is made of a container cold storage, a bottom plate 2 is arranged on the bottom wall of an inner cavity of the box body 1, the bottom plate 2 is made of stainless steel, the bottom plate 2 is arranged in an inclined manner, an included angle alpha between the bottom plate 2 and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the box body 1 is 1-3 degrees, one side end of the box body 1 is communicated with an air inlet hole 5, the other side end of the box body 1 is communicated with an air outlet hole 4, the outer side end of the air inlet hole 5 is communicated with an air blower 6, the distance between the air outlet hole 4 and the bottom wall of the box body 1 is 10cm-20cm, a ventilating pipe 3 is arranged above the bottom plate 2, the ventilating pipe 3 is a heat exchange pipe, the ventilating pipe 3 is of a serpentine shape, the diameter of the ventilating pipe 3 is 10cm, and the unilateral thickness of the ventilating pipe 3 is 1mm, the vent pipe 3 with a larger diameter is beneficial to preventing the air temperature from being raised due to the increase of the internal pressure caused by the extrusion of the air in the vent pipe 3; the ventilating pipe 3 is made of stainless steel, the air inlet end of the ventilating pipe 3 is communicated with the air inlet hole 5, the air outlet end of the ventilating pipe 3 is communicated with the air outlet hole 4, one side of the top end of the bottom plate 2 is fixedly connected with the fence 7, the length between the fence 7 and the air outlet hole 4 is one fifth of the length of the bottom end of the box body 1, the top end of the bottom plate 2 is provided with an ice cube layer 8 which is respectively matched with the ventilating pipe 3 and the fence 7, air is blown into the ventilating pipe 3 through the air blower 6 in cooperation with the air inlet hole 5, the air is subjected to heat exchange with the ice cube layer 8 through the ventilating pipe 3 so as to cool the air, the cooled air continuously flows to the air outlet hole 4 through the ventilating pipe 3, meanwhile, an ice water mixture generated by melting of the ice cube layer 8 flows through the fence 7 and is subjected to secondary heat exchange with the ventilating pipe 3 so as to continuously cool the air, and the air temperature can be further reduced, air after secondary cooling is discharged from the air outlet holes 4 and injected into the pond, so that water in the culture pond is cooled, cold air is filled into the water for cooling in the whole cooling process, so that the water can be quickly and fully cooled, the cooling quality can be greatly improved, the high-temperature defense capability in summer of the stichopus japonicus can be improved, and the safety summer of the stichopus japonicus is realized; the whole cooling process mainly utilizes ice blocks to cool the air through the vent pipe 3, only a small amount of electric energy is consumed in the whole cooling process, the energy consumption of the whole device can be greatly reduced, and the cooling cost is favorably reduced; meanwhile, a large amount of air is injected into the pond, so that the dissolved oxygen in the pond water is increased, the growth environment of the stichopus japonicus is improved, and the cultivation effect of the stichopus japonicus is improved.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is: the one end through connection that box 1 is close to venthole 4 has apopore 9 with ice cube layer 8 matched with, apopore 9 is higher than venthole 4, and the air passes through the heat of breather pipe 3 to the interior exchange of ice cube layer 8 for ice cube layer 8 gradually melts, melts the frozen water that produces and discharges through apopore 9, utilizes apopore 9 discharge frozen water, can effectually prevent frozen water accumulation in box 1, thereby guarantees ice cube layer 8 to the heat exchange cooling effect of air, guarantees the cooling quality to the pond.
The height of fence 7 is 10cm, and fence 7 includes a plurality of steel pipes, all the steel pipe is parallel arrangement side by side, utilizes fence 7 cooperation bottom plate 2 limit ice cube layer 8, thereby guarantee ice cube layer 8 and cool down the air smoothly through breather pipe 3, and ice cube layer 8 melts the frozen water seepage flow fence 7 that produces, and continue to carry out the heat exchange with breather pipe 3, carry out the secondary to the air in the breather pipe 3, guarantee the cooling quality, carry out reuse to the ice water mixture simultaneously, can furthest's utilization melt the low temperature of water, be favorable to reducing resource consumption.
Working principle of examples 1-2: air is blown into the vent pipe 3 through the air blower 6 in cooperation with the air inlet 5, the air exchanges heat with the ice cube layer 8 through the vent pipe 3, so that the air is cooled, the cooled air continuously flows to the air outlet 4 through the vent pipe 3, meanwhile, an ice water mixture generated by melting the ice cube layer 8 flows through the fence 7 and exchanges heat with the vent pipe 3 for the second time, the air is continuously cooled, so that the air temperature can be further reduced, the air after the second time cooling is discharged from the air outlet 4 and injected into the pond, so that the water in the culture pond is cooled, the cold air is filled into the water for cooling in the whole cooling process, so that the water can be rapidly and fully cooled, the cooling quality can be greatly improved, the high-temperature defense capability of the stichopus japonicus in summer can be improved, and the safety of the stichopus japonicus in summer can be realized; the whole cooling process mainly utilizes ice blocks to cool the air through the vent pipe 3, only a small amount of electric energy is consumed in the whole cooling process, the energy consumption of the whole device can be greatly reduced, and the cooling cost is favorably reduced; meanwhile, the injection of a large amount of air into the pond is beneficial to improving the dissolved oxygen of pond water, improving the growth environment of the stichopus japonicus and improving the cultivation effect of the stichopus japonicus; simultaneously, the air passes through the heat exchanged in the air pipe 3 to the ice cake layer 8, so that the ice cake layer 8 is gradually melted, the ice water generated by melting is discharged through the water outlet hole 9, the ice water can be effectively prevented from being accumulated in the box body 1, the heat exchange cooling effect of the ice cake layer 8 on the air is ensured, and the cooling quality of the pond is ensured.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (6)

1. A cooling and refrigerating device for a stichopus japonicus culture pond, which comprises a box body (1) and is characterized in that, the container body (1) is made of a container type refrigeration house, the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the container body (1) is provided with a bottom plate (2), the bottom plate (2) is obliquely arranged, one side end of the box body (1) is communicated with an air inlet hole (5), the other side end of the box body (1) is communicated with an air outlet hole (4), the outer side end of the air inlet hole (5) is communicated with an air blower (6), a vent pipe (3) is arranged above the bottom plate (2), the air inlet end of the vent pipe (3) is communicated with the air inlet hole (5), the air outlet end of the vent pipe (3) is communicated with the air outlet hole (4), one side of the top end of the bottom plate (2) is fixedly connected with a fence (7), the top end of the bottom plate (2) is provided with an ice block layer (8) which is respectively matched with the vent pipe (3) and the fence (7);
the diameter of the vent pipe (3) is 10cm, and the thickness of a single side of the vent pipe (3) is 1 mm;
one end of the box body (1) close to the air outlet hole (4) is connected with a water outlet hole (9) matched with the ice block layer (8) in a penetrating mode, and the water outlet hole (9) is higher than the air outlet hole (4).
2. The cooling and refrigerating device for the stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond according to claim 1, wherein the bottom plate (2) is made of stainless steel, and an included angle alpha between the bottom plate (2) and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the box body (1) is 1-3 degrees.
3. The cooling and refrigerating device for the stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the air outlet holes (4) and the bottom wall of the box body (1) is 10cm-20 cm.
4. The cooling and refrigerating device for the stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond according to claim 1, wherein the vent pipe (3) is a heat exchange pipe, the vent pipe (3) is of a serpentine structure, and the vent pipe (3) is made of stainless steel.
5. A cooling and refrigerating device for a stichopus japonicus culture pond according to claim 3, wherein the length between the fence (7) and the air outlet hole (4) is one fifth of the length of the bottom end of the box body (1).
6. The cooling and refrigerating device for the stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond according to claim 5, wherein the height of the fence (7) is 10cm, the fence (7) comprises a plurality of steel pipes, and all the steel pipes are arranged in parallel side by side.
CN202010149561.3A 2020-03-06 2020-03-06 Cooling and refrigerating device for stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond Active CN111264453B (en)

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AU2021101190A AU2021101190A4 (en) 2020-03-06 2021-03-05 Cooling and Refrigeration Device for Apostichopus Japonicus Aquaculture Pond

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CN114365710A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-04-19 江苏海洋大学 In-situ resource utilization method for tail water of stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond

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