CN111264160A - Water pump and fertilizer applicator maintenance method in agricultural irrigation and fertilization system - Google Patents
Water pump and fertilizer applicator maintenance method in agricultural irrigation and fertilization system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111264160A CN111264160A CN202010007457.0A CN202010007457A CN111264160A CN 111264160 A CN111264160 A CN 111264160A CN 202010007457 A CN202010007457 A CN 202010007457A CN 111264160 A CN111264160 A CN 111264160A
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- Prior art keywords
- water pump
- fertilizer applicator
- maintenance
- water
- pipeline
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/007—Details, component parts, or accessories especially adapted for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/72—Maintenance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/95—Preventing corrosion
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water pump and a fertilizer applicator maintenance method in an agricultural irrigation and fertilization system, which comprises fertilizer applicator maintenance and water pump maintenance, wherein the fertilizer applicator is maintained in a way that pressure in a pipeline is firstly discharged after the fertilizer applicator stops irrigating in winter, an EC or PH probe discharged from the fertilizer applicator is immersed in a debugging solution for storage, a movable joint at the lower part of the fertilizer applicator pipeline is finally loosened, residual water in the pipeline is emptied, before the irrigation is started in spring, the EC or PH probe is recalibrated and installed back on the fertilizer applicator again, the water pump is maintained in a way of powering off, cleaning, flushing and oil sealing under the conditions of freezing period and non-freezing climate by a maintenance way that the pipeline is filled with water through the water pump, the maintenance of the water pump and the fertilizer applicator can be well realized, the problem that the existing technology has no detailed method for maintaining the water pump and the fertilizer applicator in the agricultural irrigation and fertilization system is solved, and personnel only depend on experience judgment during maintenance, improper maintenance leads to the performance reduction of water pump and fertilizer distributor, the problem that life shortens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation and fertilization, in particular to a water pump and a fertilizer applicator maintenance method in an agricultural irrigation and fertilization system.
Background
The process that the fertilizer enters the field along with irrigation water is called fertigation, namely, the fertilizer is accurately supplemented and uniformly applied near the root system according to the nutrient requirement of each stage of the crop growth and climatic conditions and the like while irrigation is carried out, and is directly absorbed and utilized by the root system, so that the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be improved by fertigation, and the using amount of the fertilizer is saved; the labor force of fertilization is saved; flexibly, conveniently and accurately master the fertilization time and quantity; the nutrient absorption speed is high; improving the environmental condition of the soil; is particularly suitable for the application of trace elements; the maximum benefit of water and fertilizer is brought into play; the drip irrigation is a commonly used irrigation and fertilization mode, the drip irrigation is a water-saving irrigation mode which utilizes a plastic pipeline to send water to the roots of crops through orifices or drippers on capillary tubes with the diameter of about 10mm for local irrigation, the drip irrigation is the most effective water-saving irrigation mode in arid water-deficient areas at present, the utilization rate of the water can reach 95 percent, the drip irrigation has higher water-saving and yield-increasing effects than the spray irrigation, and meanwhile, the drip irrigation can be combined with fertilization to improve the fertilizer efficiency by more than one time, is suitable for irrigation of fruit trees, vegetables, economic crops and greenhouses, can also be used for irrigation of field crops in arid water-deficient places, the drip irrigation system mainly comprises a fertilizer applicator, a water pump, a filter and the like, can properly maintain the water pump system under the conditions of freezing period and non-freezing climate which are not used for a long time, and is very important for maintaining the performance, the detailed maintenance method of the water pump and the fertilizer applicator is not available, people only need to judge through experience to maintain the water pump and the fertilizer applicator, the service life of the water pump and the fertilizer applicator is easily reduced due to improper maintenance, and meanwhile the performance of the water pump and the fertilizer applicator is also greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for maintaining a water pump and a fertilizer applicator in an agricultural irrigation and fertilization system, and solves the problems that the prior art has no detailed method for maintaining the water pump and the fertilizer applicator in the agricultural irrigation and fertilization system, and the performance of the water pump and the fertilizer applicator is reduced and the service life is shortened easily due to improper maintenance because people only judge by experience during maintenance.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a water pump and a fertilizer applicator maintenance method in an agricultural irrigation and fertilization system comprise fertilizer applicator maintenance and water pump maintenance, wherein the fertilizer applicator maintenance comprises maintenance measures after irrigation is stopped in winter and maintenance measures before irrigation is started in spring, and the maintenance measures after irrigation is stopped in winter comprise the following steps;
s1: firstly, closing a valve of a water inlet and outlet pipeline of the fertilizer applicator, opening a sampling valve on the fertilizer applicator, and emptying the pressure in the pipeline;
s2: secondly, loosening the EC or PH probe from the fertilizer applicator, and immersing the EC or PH probe in a potassium chloride solution, or immersing the EC or PH probe in a regulating solution with the pH value of 4, and storing the EC or PH probe in an environment with the temperature of 18-25 ℃;
s3: finally, loosening the movable joint at the lower part of the fertilizer applicator pipeline, and emptying the residual water in the pipeline;
the maintenance measures before the irrigation is started in spring comprise the following steps;
s1: firstly, recalibrating and installing an EC or PH probe back to the fertilizer applicator;
s2: secondly, slowly opening a valve of a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline of the fertilizer applicator, and filling the pipeline with water by starting a water pump;
s3: finally, adding the fertilizer into a fertilizer tank according to a certain proportion, stirring and fully dissolving, and then starting a fertilization program to fertilize;
the water pump maintenance comprises the following steps;
s1: before any operation is started, the power supply of the water pump system is disconnected, the water pump with the anti-freezing device is ensured not to be powered on accidentally, and the exposed electric wire is wrapped by the insulating adhesive tape to prevent electric leakage;
s2: cleaning dust and dirt or any other moisture-absorbing sundries on the surface of the motor ventilation net, processing an oxide layer on the motor ventilation net and painting again if necessary to ensure that the motor ventilation net has no sundries;
s3: washing the water supply and drainage pipelines, checking whether a water leakage place exists or not by the way, and replacing a damaged gasket;
s4: opening a screwed plug at the top of an exhaust valve or a volute of the water pump, then opening the screwed plug closest to the bottom, inserting a suction pipe, connecting the suction pipe with a suction pump, and draining water in the pump body;
s5: flushing the water pump and removing rust and other debris that may have accumulated in the water pump volute;
s6: draining the residual water in the exposed water bucket and the pipeline system;
s7: when the water pump is stored by a wet method, a propylene glycol antifreezing agent is coated on the surface of the water pump to carry out antifreezing protection on the water pump;
s8: lubricating oil is added to the bearing to prevent the bearing from being oxidized and corroded;
s9: keeping the components clean and dry during storage to prevent corrosion, and shading the water supply pump to prevent exposure;
s10: the water pump is stored by adopting the box body, a certain gap is reserved between the box body and the water pump, and small holes are reserved on the box body, so that the circulation of air around the water pump is convenient to keep;
s11: the rotating shaft is periodically rotated to prevent the internal components from being frozen and to maintain the bearings in a sufficient amount of lubricating oil to prevent oxidation and corrosion.
Preferably, the time period for stirring the fertilizer in the maintenance measure S3 before the beginning of the spring and the irrigation is started is between 10 and 15 minutes.
Preferably, in the water pump maintenance S6, the piping must be buried under the frozen soil, and a low-pressure high-capacity blower is used to discharge the water remaining in the exposed water tub and the piping.
Preferably, the propylene glycol antifreeze solution is non-toxic and does not damage the water pump or any components of the water pump system in the pump service S7, and is prepared by mixing 40% propylene glycol with 60% aqueous solution.
Preferably, in the water pump maintenance S12, the member with the flush valve is maintained by adding grease to the flush valve using a grease gun.
Preferably, in the maintenance process of the water pump, when the water pump is stored in a packaging mode, the package is opened firstly, and the surface of the water pump is coated with lubricating oil and then packaged again for packaging.
Preferably, in the maintenance process of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator is arranged at a place with the temperature lower than 5 ℃ in winter and without a heating facility.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a water pump and fertilizer applicator maintenance method in an agricultural irrigation and fertilization system, which has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the fertilizer applicator, after the fertilizer applicator enters winter and irrigation is stopped, pressure in the pipeline is firstly discharged, the EC or PH probe discharged from the fertilizer applicator is immersed in a debugging solution for storage, finally, a movable joint at the lower part of the pipeline of the fertilizer applicator is loosened, residual water in the pipeline is emptied, before irrigation is started in spring, the EC or PH probe is corrected again and installed back on the fertilizer applicator, and the pipeline is filled with water through the water pump.
(2) The invention can maintain the water pump system in the ways of power off, cleaning, flushing, oil sealing and the like under the conditions of freezing period and non-freezing climate which are not used for a long time, thereby prolonging the performance life of the water pump system.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a water pump and a fertilizer applicator maintenance method in an agricultural irrigation and fertilization system comprise fertilizer applicator maintenance and water pump maintenance, wherein the fertilizer applicator maintenance comprises maintenance measures after irrigation is stopped in winter and maintenance measures before irrigation is started in spring, and the maintenance measures after irrigation is stopped in winter comprise the following steps;
s1: firstly, closing a valve of a water inlet and outlet pipeline of the fertilizer applicator, opening a sampling valve on the fertilizer applicator, and emptying the pressure in the pipeline;
s2: secondly, loosening the EC or PH probe from the fertilizer applicator, and immersing the EC or PH probe in a potassium chloride solution, or immersing the EC or PH probe in a regulating solution with the pH value of 4, and storing the EC or PH probe in an environment with the temperature of 18-25 ℃;
s3: finally, loosening the movable joint at the lower part of the fertilizer applicator pipeline, and emptying the residual water in the pipeline;
the maintenance measures before starting irrigation in spring comprise the following steps;
s1: firstly, recalibrating and installing an EC or PH probe back to the fertilizer applicator;
s2: secondly, slowly opening a valve of a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline of the fertilizer applicator, and filling the pipeline with water by starting a water pump;
s3: finally, adding the fertilizer into a fertilizer tank according to a certain proportion, stirring and fully dissolving, and then starting a fertilization program to fertilize;
the maintenance of the water pump comprises the following steps;
s1: before any operation is started, the power supply of the water pump system is disconnected, the water pump with the anti-freezing device is ensured not to be powered on accidentally, and the exposed electric wire is wrapped by the insulating adhesive tape to prevent electric leakage;
s2: cleaning dust and dirt or any other moisture-absorbing sundries on the surface of the motor ventilation net, processing an oxide layer on the motor ventilation net and painting again if necessary to ensure that the motor ventilation net has no sundries;
s3: washing the water supply and drainage pipelines, checking whether a water leakage place exists or not by the way, and replacing a damaged gasket;
s4: opening a screwed plug at the top of an exhaust valve or a volute of the water pump, then opening the screwed plug closest to the bottom, inserting a suction pipe, connecting the suction pipe with a suction pump, and draining water in the pump body;
s5: flushing the water pump and removing rust and other debris that may have accumulated in the water pump volute;
s6: draining the residual water in the exposed water bucket and the pipeline system;
s7: when the water pump is stored by a wet method, a propylene glycol antifreezing agent is coated on the surface of the water pump to carry out antifreezing protection on the water pump;
s8: lubricating oil is added to the bearing to prevent the bearing from being oxidized and corroded;
s9: keeping the components clean and dry during storage to prevent corrosion, and shading the water supply pump to prevent exposure;
s10: the water pump is stored by adopting the box body, a certain gap is reserved between the box body and the water pump, and small holes are reserved on the box body, so that the circulation of air around the water pump is convenient to keep;
s11: the rotating shaft is periodically rotated to prevent the internal components from being frozen and to maintain the bearings in a sufficient amount of lubricating oil to prevent oxidation and corrosion.
Preferably, the stirring time of the fertilizer in the maintenance measure S3 before the irrigation is started in spring is 10-15 minutes, and the fertilizer can be better mixed with the aqueous solution through the stirring time of the time, so that the effect of the irrigation and fertilization is improved, and the crops can be better grown.
Preferably, in the water pump maintenance S6, the pipeline system must be buried under the frozen soil layer, and the remaining water in the exposed water tank and the pipeline system is discharged by the low-pressure high-capacity blower, and the pipeline system is buried under the frozen soil layer, so that the pipeline system can be prevented from being cracked passively in the freezing period, and the remaining water in the exposed water tank and the pipeline system is discharged by the low-pressure high-capacity blower, so that the pipeline and the water tank can be prevented from being cracked due to the expansion of the water in the water tank and the pipeline system caused by freezing.
Preferably, in the water pump maintenance step S7, the propylene glycol antifreeze is nontoxic and does not damage the water pump or the components possibly existing in the water pump system, and is prepared by mixing 40% of propylene glycol and 60% of aqueous solution, so that the antifreeze prepared by adopting the proportion can well realize the antifreeze protection of the water pump, avoid the waste of excessive antifreeze and reduce the maintenance cost.
Preferably, in water pump maintenance S12, the part of taking the flushometer will use the grease gun to add the butter on the flushometer and maintain, carries out the oil blanket through carrying out the butter with the flushometer, can avoid the flushometer to rust with air and water long-term contact.
Preferably, in the water pump maintenance process, when the water pump adopts the encapsulation mode to preserve, open the packing at first, repack and encapsulate after coating lubricating oil to the surface of water pump, cover after the oil can avoid arousing the water pump surface rust because of the moist in the encapsulation space in the encapsulation, improve the life of water pump.
Preferably, in the fertilizer distributor maintenance process, the fertilizer distributor is installed in the place that winter temperature is less than 5 degrees centigrade and do not have the facility of heating, sets up like this and can avoid giving birth to the too big fertilizer distributor pipe fitting expend with heat and contract with cold degree and break that causes of the difference in temperature round the clock too big.
Working principle; when the fertilizer applicator is used, after the fertilizer applicator stops irrigating in winter, the pressure in the pipeline is firstly discharged, then the EC or PH probe discharged from the fertilizer applicator is immersed in a debugging solution for storage, finally the movable joint at the lower part of the pipeline of the fertilizer applicator is loosened, the residual water in the pipeline is emptied, before the fertilizer applicator is started to irrigate in spring, the EC or PH probe is recalibrated and installed back on the fertilizer applicator, thus the rust in the fertilizer applicator and the rust of the joint of the fertilizer applicator can be avoided, for the water pump in the freezing period and the non-freezing climate condition which are not used for a long time, the power supply of a water pump system is firstly cut off, the exposed electric wires are wrapped by using an insulating tape, then the dust and the dirt on the surface of a motor ventilating net are cleaned, the water supply and drainage pipelines are washed, the water pump is washed, the rust in the volute of the water pump and other fragments which possibly accumulate in the volute of the water pump are cleaned, therefore, the water pump can be better protected in the freezing period and the non-freezing climate condition when not used for a long time.
In conclusion, the invention solves the problems that the prior art has no detailed method for maintaining the water pump and the fertilizer applicator in the agricultural irrigation and fertilization system, and the performance of the water pump and the fertilizer applicator is reduced and the service life is shortened easily due to improper maintenance because people only judge according to experience during maintenance by adopting various ways of powering off, cleaning, flushing and sealing the fertilizer applicator and the water pump.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A water pump and a fertilizer applicator maintenance method in an agricultural irrigation and fertilization system comprises fertilizer applicator maintenance and water pump maintenance, and is characterized in that: the maintenance of the fertilizer applicator comprises maintenance measures after the irrigation is stopped in winter and maintenance measures before the irrigation is started in spring, wherein the maintenance measures after the irrigation is stopped in winter comprise the following steps;
s1: firstly, closing a valve of a water inlet and outlet pipeline of the fertilizer applicator, opening a sampling valve on the fertilizer applicator, and emptying the pressure in the pipeline;
s2: secondly, loosening the EC or PH probe from the fertilizer applicator, and immersing the EC or PH probe in a potassium chloride solution, or immersing the EC or PH probe in a regulating solution with the pH value of 4, and storing the EC or PH probe in an environment with the temperature of 18-25 ℃;
s3: finally, loosening the movable joint at the lower part of the fertilizer applicator pipeline, and emptying the residual water in the pipeline;
the maintenance measures before the irrigation is started in spring comprise the following steps;
s1: firstly, recalibrating and installing an EC or PH probe back to the fertilizer applicator;
s2: secondly, slowly opening a valve of a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline of the fertilizer applicator, and filling the pipeline with water by starting a water pump;
s3: finally, adding the fertilizer into a fertilizer tank according to a certain proportion, stirring and fully dissolving, and then starting a fertilization program to fertilize;
the water pump maintenance comprises the following steps;
s1: before any operation is started, the power supply of the water pump system is disconnected, the water pump with the anti-freezing device is ensured not to be powered on accidentally, and the exposed electric wire is wrapped by the insulating adhesive tape to prevent electric leakage;
s2: cleaning dust and dirt or any other moisture-absorbing sundries on the surface of the motor ventilation net, processing an oxide layer on the motor ventilation net and painting again if necessary to ensure that the motor ventilation net has no sundries;
s3: washing the water supply and drainage pipelines, checking whether a water leakage place exists or not by the way, and replacing a damaged gasket;
s4: opening a screwed plug at the top of an exhaust valve or a volute of the water pump, then opening the screwed plug closest to the bottom, inserting a suction pipe, connecting the suction pipe with a suction pump, and draining water in the pump body;
s5: flushing the water pump and removing rust and other debris that may have accumulated in the water pump volute;
s6: draining the residual water in the exposed water bucket and the pipeline system;
s7: when the water pump is stored by a wet method, a propylene glycol antifreezing agent is coated on the surface of the water pump to carry out antifreezing protection on the water pump;
s8: lubricating oil is added to the bearing to prevent the bearing from being oxidized and corroded;
s9: keeping the components clean and dry during storage to prevent corrosion, and shading the water supply pump to prevent exposure;
s10: the water pump is stored by adopting the box body, a certain gap is reserved between the box body and the water pump, and small holes are reserved on the box body, so that the circulation of air around the water pump is convenient to keep;
s11: the rotating shaft is periodically rotated to prevent the internal components from being frozen and to maintain the bearings in a sufficient amount of lubricating oil to prevent oxidation and corrosion.
2. The method for maintaining the water pump and the fertilizer applicator in the agricultural fertigation system according to claim 1, wherein; the stirring time of the fertilizer in the maintenance measure S3 before the beginning of spring and the start of irrigation is between 10 and 15 minutes.
3. The method for maintaining the water pump and the fertilizer applicator in the agricultural fertigation system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the water pump maintenance S6, the piping must be buried below the frozen earth, and a low-pressure high-capacity blower is used to discharge the exposed water tub and the remaining water in the piping.
4. The method for maintaining the water pump and the fertilizer applicator in the agricultural fertigation system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the water pump service S7, the propylene glycol antifreeze is non-toxic and does not damage the water pump or the components that may be present in the water pump system, and is made by mixing 40% propylene glycol with a 60% aqueous solution.
5. The method for maintaining the water pump and the fertilizer applicator in the agricultural fertigation system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the water pump maintenance S12, the parts with the flush valve are maintained by adding grease to the flush valve using a grease gun.
6. The method for maintaining the water pump and the fertilizer applicator in the agricultural fertigation system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the water pump maintenance process, when the water pump is stored in an encapsulation mode, firstly, the package is opened, and the surface of the water pump is coated with lubricating oil and then is packaged again for encapsulation.
7. The method for maintaining the water pump and the fertilizer applicator in the agricultural fertigation system according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the maintenance process of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilizer applicator is arranged at a place with the temperature lower than 5 ℃ in winter and without heating facilities.
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Application publication date: 20200612 |