CN111264123A

CN111264123A - Method for improving germination rate of chenopodium quinoa seeds

Info

Publication number: CN111264123A
Application number: CN202010249211.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭金玉; 陈惠查; 黎小冰; 焦爱霞; 陈能刚; 李欢; 阮仁超
Original assignee: Guizhou Institute Of Crop Variety Resources Guizhou Institute Of Modern Chinese Medicine
Current assignee: Guizhou Institute Of Crop Variety Resources Guizhou Institute Of Modern Chinese Medicine
Priority date: 2020-04-01
Filing date: 2020-04-01
Publication date: 2020-06-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the germination rate of chenopodium quinoa seeds, which comprises the following steps: selecting mature and full chenopodium quinoa seeds without being damaged by worms, placing the chenopodium quinoa seeds in a freeze dryer for freezing until a small amount of water is lost, and quickly and uniformly drying the seeds to accelerate the growth speed of radicles and embryos of the seeds and the porosity of seed coats and accelerate the germination of the seeds; after drying, disinfecting the seeds with 1% hydrogen peroxide, cleaning the seeds with distilled water, soaking the seeds in 10% PEG solution for 60min, and cleaning the seeds with distilled water, so that the germination rate of the seeds can be obviously improved, and the unearthing time of the seeds can be shortened.

Description

Method for improving germination rate of chenopodium quinoa seeds

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for improving the germination rate of chenopodium quinoa seeds, belonging to the technical field of planting.

Background

Chenopodium quinoa, also known as catclaw bean, cibot bean, dragon claw bean, raccoon dog bean, tiger bean, etc., is an annual winding herbaceous vine plant of the genus Chenopodium of the family Leguminosae. The quinoa bean is rich in protein, vitamins and inorganic salt, and can be used for collecting tender pods or seeds for vegetable food. But the quinoa bean is slightly toxic, and is cooked before cooking, the pod skin and the villi are removed, the quinoa bean is fully soaked in clear water, and then the quinoa bean is rinsed until the quinoa bean is not black and is cooked for eating, or the quinoa bean is processed into bean curd, bean paste and the like. Chenopodium quinoa is also a medicinal plant, because its seeds are rich in levodopa, an active substance that can be used for treating parkinson's disease. However, levodopa extracted from the seeds of the chenopodium quinoa at present still can not meet the market demand, so that the planting prospect of the levodopa is very wide. The growing period of the chenopodium quinoa is long, but the traditional planting method is to directly plant seeds of the chenopodium quinoa into the ground, and 8-10 days are needed for germination, so that the planting efficiency of the chenopodium quinoa is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a treatment method for accelerating the germination of the chenopodium quinoa seeds.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

a treatment method for accelerating germination of chenopodium quinoa seeds comprises the following steps:

(1) and (3) drying: selecting mature, full, worm-eaten-free and bright-color chenopodium quinoa seeds, placing the seeds in a freeze dryer, freeze-drying the seeds until the water content is below 12%, and quickly and uniformly drying the seeds to accelerate the growth speed of radicles and embryos of the seeds and the porosity of seed coats, thereby being beneficial to the absorption of external nutrition and moisture in the later period, accelerating the germination of the seeds and obtaining the dried seeds;

(2) polishing: taking 2 pieces of woodwork sand paper, clamping the dried seeds in the middle, and performing relative rotation motion on the 2 pieces of sand paper on a horizontal plane to perform surface friction treatment on the seeds until the surfaces of the seeds are rough and the episperms are scratched for 20-30 min;

(3) and (3) disinfection: soaking the polished seeds in 1% hydrogen peroxide for sterilization for 10-20min, and then washing the seeds with distilled water;

(4) medicament treatment: soaking the sterilized seeds in 10% PEG for 60min, and cleaning with distilled water;

(5) accelerating germination: the seeds are put into an incubator for germination acceleration treatment, the temperature is 25 ℃, the humidity is 70 percent, and the seeds are all dark.

Wherein, the freeze drying in the step (1) has the following freezing temperature: -35 ℃. And (2) manually rubbing the seeds, clamping the dried seeds in the middle by using 2 pieces of woodworker sand paper, performing relative rotation motion on the 2 pieces of sand paper on a horizontal plane, performing surface rubbing treatment on the seeds, stopping for 1-2min after polishing for 4-5min, then polishing again, and circulating for 20-30 min. And (3) soaking the seeds for 10-20min by using 1% hydrogen peroxide. And (4) soaking the seeds by using 10% PEG solution.

Compared with the prior art, the treatment method for accelerating the germination rate of the chenopodium quinoa seeds provided by the invention is simple and easy to operate, the germination rate of the chenopodium quinoa seeds reaches 97%, the seeds germinate neatly, and the planting efficiency of the chenopodium quinoa seeds is obviously improved; placing the chenopodium quinoa seeds in a freeze drying box for freeze drying until a small amount of water is dissipated, rapidly and uniformly drying the seeds, enhancing the resistance of radicles and germs of the seeds, accelerating the growth of the radicles and the germs, and simultaneously increasing the porosity of seed coats; after drying, the seeds are rubbed by abrasive paper, so that cracks can be generated in the seed coats by the aid of the abrasive paper, moisture can easily enter the seed coats along the cracks, the imbibition speed of the seeds is increased, the physiological activity of the seeds is stimulated, the solidity of the seeds is broken, the seeds can absorb moisture and nutrition quickly from the external environment in the later period, and germination of the seeds is accelerated; the hydrogen peroxide has an oxidizing effect, can disinfect and sterilize seeds and improve the vitality of the seeds; the method has the advantages that the seeds are treated by PEG, PEG is a high-molecular penetrant, the seeds have enough time to repair a membrane system in the imbibition process through the permeation regulation effect, the repair of cell membranes, organelles and DNA and the activation of enzyme are promoted, the germination rate of the seeds, the seedling activity index and the activity of amylase are improved, the absorption of the seeds to nutrients is accelerated, the germination rate of the seeds is improved, the germination time of the seeds is shortened, and the planting efficiency of the chenopodium quinoa seeds is improved.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and to clearly and unequivocally define the scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

a method for improving the germination rate of chenopodium quinoa seeds comprises the following steps:

(1) and (3) drying: selecting mature, full, worm-eating-free and bright-colored chenopodium quinoa seeds, placing the chenopodium quinoa seeds in a freeze dryer, and freeze-drying the chenopodium quinoa seeds until the water content is below 12 percent to obtain dry seeds;

(2) polishing: manually rubbing seeds, clamping dried seeds in the middle of 2 pieces of woodwork sand paper, performing relative rotation on the 2 pieces of sand paper on a horizontal plane, performing surface rubbing treatment on the seeds, polishing for 4-5min, stopping for 1-2min, then polishing again, and repeating the steps for 30 min.

(3) And (3) disinfection: soaking the polished seeds in 1% hydrogen peroxide for sterilization for 10min, and then washing the seeds clean with distilled water;

(5) accelerating germination: the seeds are put into an incubator for germination acceleration treatment, the temperature is 28 ℃, the humidity is 70 percent, and the seeds are all dark.

The test proves that: by adopting the method of the embodiment, the germination rate of the seeds can reach 97 percent, and the seeds germinate neatly.

Example 2:

(2) polishing: manually rubbing seeds, clamping dried seeds in the middle of 2 pieces of woodwork sand paper, performing relative rotation on the 2 pieces of sand paper on a horizontal plane, performing surface rubbing treatment on the seeds, polishing for 4-5min, stopping for 1-2min, then polishing again, and repeating the steps for 20 min.

(3) And (3) disinfection: soaking the polished seeds in 1% hydrogen peroxide for sterilization for 20min, and then washing the seeds clean with distilled water;

Of course, the above is only a specific application example of the present invention, and other embodiments of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the germination rate of seeds of chenopodium quinoa is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) and (3) drying: selecting mature, full, worm-eating-free and bright-colored chenopodium quinoa seeds, placing the seeds in a freeze dryer, and freeze-drying the seeds until the water content is below 12 percent, so as to quickly and uniformly dry the seeds;

(2) polishing: taking 2 pieces of woodwork sand paper, clamping the dried seeds in the middle, and performing relative rotation motion on the 2 pieces of sand paper on a horizontal plane to perform surface friction treatment on the seeds;

2. The method for increasing the germination rate of the seeds of the chenopodium quinoa willd according to claim 1, wherein the germination rate of the seeds of the chenopodium quinoa willd is: freeze-drying in the step (1), wherein the freezing temperature is as follows: -35 ℃.

3. The method for increasing the germination rate of the seeds of the chenopodium quinoa willd according to claim 1, wherein the germination rate of the seeds of the chenopodium quinoa willd is: and (2) manually rubbing the seeds, clamping the dried seeds in the middle by using 2 pieces of woodworker sand paper, performing relative rotation motion on the 2 pieces of sand paper on a horizontal plane, performing surface rubbing treatment on the seeds, stopping for 1-2min after polishing for 4-5min, then polishing again, and circulating for 20-30 min.

4. The method for increasing the germination rate of the seeds of the chenopodium quinoa willd according to claim 1, wherein the germination rate of the seeds of the chenopodium quinoa willd is: and (3) soaking the seeds for 10-20min by using 1% hydrogen peroxide.

5. The method for increasing the germination rate of the seeds of the chenopodium quinoa willd according to claim 1, wherein the germination rate of the seeds of the chenopodium quinoa willd is: and (4) soaking the seeds by using 10% PEG solution.