CN111262610A - 一种基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法,包括:步骤1,基站根据原始信道训练的结果设计模拟预编码矩阵;步骤2,基站发送经过模拟预编码A的等效信道训练序列;步骤3,用户根据接收信号估计与基站之间的等效信道状态信息,使用具备信道统计特征的码本对等效信道状态信息进行量化,并将量化后的有效信道反馈给基站;步骤4,基站计算信噪比门限值;判断当前信噪比小于信噪比门限值时执行步骤5;否则执行步骤6;步骤5,基站根据等效信道设计数字预编码矩阵;步骤6,基站将数字预编码矩阵设置为缺省矩阵设计方式。本发明能够有效提升系统性能,对信道信息不完美时的系统速率进行了分析,更加符合实际情况。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于大规模天线技术领域,涉及通信编码方法,尤其涉及一种基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法。
背景技术
大规模天线作为5G移动通信中的一项关键技术受到人们的广泛关注。由于它具备消除干扰和抑制噪声的能力,即使用简单的线性预编码方案也可以实现近乎理想的性能。然而在传统预编码方案中,每个天线都需要由一个专用的射频链来驱动,因此在天线大规模部署时系统的成本和能耗很高。针对这一问题,学术界提出了纯模拟预编码和混合预编码两种设计方案。前者完全依赖于模拟域处理,因此可以降低对射频硬件的要求,而后者结合了数字处理和模拟处理的优点,牺牲了少量复杂度以获取更多的自由度。尽管现有文献中大多考虑的是混合预编码,但已有学者证明纯模拟预编码在一些特定设置下可以取得比混合预编码更优的性能。因此,根据系统参数自适应的调整预编码方案以取得更优的性能成为了一个值得研究的问题。
现有的比较纯模拟与混合预编码性能的方案是基于基站端具有完美信道信息的假设,由于成本和硬件工艺的限制这在实际中很难实现,因此在不完美信道信息下比较纯模拟预编码和混合预编码的性能更具有实际意义。而目前,尚缺乏令人满意的解决方案。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明提出了一种实际情况中比较纯模拟预编码与混合预编码性能的定量指标,定量地比较信道信息不完美时纯模拟预编码与混合预编码的性能优劣,从而可以根据系统参数的不同自适应调整预编码方案,由此提供的基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法能够在降低成本的同时提升系统性能。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1,基站向所有用户发送原始信道的训练序列,根据训练获得的信道估计结果来设计模拟预编码矩阵A;
步骤2,基站向所有用户发送经过模拟预编码A的等效信道训练序列;
步骤4,基站根据发送天线数、子阵列结构、用户数和反馈比特数B计算信噪比门限值;若当前信噪比小于信噪比门限值,则采用混合预编码方案,执行步骤5;否则采用纯模拟预编码方案,执行步骤6;
步骤5,基站根据等效信道设计数字预编码矩阵;
步骤6,基站将数字预编码矩阵设置为缺省矩阵设计方式。
进一步的,在步骤1中,A=[a1,a2,…,aK],用户k的模拟预编码向量ak为:
ak={ak,i|i=1,2,…,M}
进一步的,在步骤3中,对于用户k而言,基于信道统计量的码本Γ定义如下:
其中,Rk为用户k等效信道的自相关阵,vi为服从独立同分布的随机复高斯向量,B为反馈比特数。
进一步的,在步骤3中,用户k到基站之间等效信道的自相关阵Rk为:
进一步的,在步骤4中,信噪比门限值根据下面公式计算:
进一步的,在步骤5中,基站采用最大比传输预编码设计方式。
进一步的,在步骤6中,基站直接取数字预编码矩阵为单位阵。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点和有益效果:
1、本发明考虑到系统中采用量化信道状态信息反馈的情况,提出根据系统参数自适应调整混合预编码方案,能够有效提升系统性能。
2、本发明方法对信道信息不完美时的系统速率进行了分析,更加符合实际情况;其中提出的针对信道不完美时的系统性能分析可以拓展至基站端有完美信道状态信息的情况,适用范围广。
3、本发明方法为通信系统提供了一种根据系统参数自适应调整预编码方案的机制,保证了系统性能的最优性。
4、本发明方法计算出的指标只取决于系统信噪比,实现方便。
附图说明
图1是本发明提出的基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法的流程图;
图2是本发明提出的基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法的系统框图。
图3是本发明与纯模拟预编码和混合预编码在信道状态信息完美时的性能对比图。
图4是本发明与纯模拟预编码和混合预编码在信道状态信息不完美时的性能对比图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细说明,应理解下述具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
本发明提出的基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法,其系统框图如图2所示,流程如图1所示,包括以下步骤:
(1)基站向所有用户发送原始信道的训练序列,根据训练获得的信道估计结果来设计模拟预编码矩阵A,其中A=[a1,a2,…,aK]。用户k的模拟预编码向量ak为:
ak={ak,ii|=1,2,…,M}
其中,Rk为用户k等效信道的自相关阵,vi为服从独立同分布的随机复高斯向量。Rk满足:
(4)根据基站天线数、子阵列结构、用户数和反馈比特数B计算信噪比门限值,若当前信噪比小于信噪比门限值,则采用混合预编码方案,执行步骤(5);否则采用纯模拟预编码方案,执行(6)。信噪比门限值根据下面公式计算为:
(5)基站根据等效信道设计数字预编码矩阵,如采用最大比传输预编码设计方式;
(6)基站将数字预编码矩阵设置为缺省矩阵设计方式,如直接取数字预编码矩阵为单位阵。
图3和图4分别是信道信息完美和不完美时本发明所提出的基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法与单独纯模拟和单独混合预编码的性能对比图。从图中可以明显看出,本发明所提的自适应预编码方案结合了原有的两种预编码的优点,通过判断系统参数与给定门限的关系切换预编码方案,从而有效地提升了系统性能。
本发明方案所公开的技术手段不仅限于上述实施方式所公开的技术手段,还包括由以上技术特征任意组合所组成的技术方案。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤1,基站向所有用户发送原始信道的训练序列,根据训练获得的信道估计结果来设计模拟预编码矩阵A;
步骤2,基站向所有用户发送经过模拟预编码A的等效信道训练序列;
步骤4,基站根据发送天线数、子阵列结构、用户数和反馈比特数B计算信噪比门限值;若当前信噪比小于信噪比门限值,则采用混合预编码方案,执行步骤5;否则采用纯模拟预编码方案,执行步骤6;
步骤5,基站根据等效信道设计数字预编码矩阵;
步骤6,基站将数字预编码矩阵设置为缺省矩阵设计方式。
7.根据权利要求1所述的基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法,其特征在于,在步骤5中,基站采用最大比传输预编码设计方式。
8.根据权利要求1所述的基于等效信道码本反馈的自适应混合预编码方法,其特征在于,在步骤6中,基站直接取数字预编码矩阵为单位阵。
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