CN111257356A - Detection system and method for X-ray in-situ real-time detection additive manufacturing mechanism research - Google Patents
Detection system and method for X-ray in-situ real-time detection additive manufacturing mechanism research Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/20008—Constructional details of analysers, e.g. characterised by X-ray source, detector or optical system; Accessories therefor; Preparing specimens therefor
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/20008—Constructional details of analysers, e.g. characterised by X-ray source, detector or optical system; Accessories therefor; Preparing specimens therefor
- G01N23/20025—Sample holders or supports therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/20083—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials by using a combination of at least two measurements at least one being a transmission measurement and one a scatter measurement
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/207—Diffractometry using detectors, e.g. using a probe in a central position and one or more displaceable detectors in circumferential positions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection system and a method for researching an X-ray in-situ real-time detection additive manufacturing mechanism. The system comprises an additive manufacturing cavity and an X-ray detector device; the additive manufacturing cavity is arranged on a first motion adjusting device; a second motion adjusting device and a sample bed are arranged in the additive manufacturing cavity; the second movement adjusting device is positioned at the bottom of the additive manufacturing cavity and is provided with a mounting seat, and the sample bed is mounted on the mounting seat; the additive manufacturing cavity is provided with an incidence window for enabling laser or electron beams generated by an energy source to be incident on the additive manufacturing material on the sample bed through the incidence window for additive manufacturing; an X-ray incident window and an X-ray exit window are formed in the additive manufacturing cavity, and X-rays generated by an X-ray source sequentially pass through the X-ray incident window, the sample bed and the X-ray exit window to be incident to the X-ray detection device for signal detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of X-ray detection and the field of advanced manufacturing technology, and relates to a detection system and a method for in-situ real-time detection additive manufacturing mechanism research of synchrotron radiation X-rays.
Background
Advanced manufacturing techniques, represented by additive manufacturing (3D printing), can enable complex structures that are difficult or impossible to process by traditional processes. Industrial grade 3D printing (such as metal additive manufacturing) is more important and has been widely applied in research fields such as automobiles, biomedicine, aerospace, and the like.
3D printing is a complex physical process with multiple physical field couplings and multiple space-time scales, and relates to melting and vaporization of metal powder, flowing of molten metal liquid, sputtering and redistribution of metal powder, rapid solidification, nonequilibrium phase change and the like. If not controlled reasonably, various micro-structural defects such as surface roughness, internal pores and cavities, residual stress, texture structure and the like can be generated, and the crack initiation of the material is often started from the printing defects. However, since the above-mentioned physical processes have a short duration, and the time scale is only a few milliseconds, which is difficult to observe in real time, the research on various basic physical processes related to the microstructure defects of the material has been advanced to a limited extent, and is based on trial and error experience and theoretical simulation of the printed product.
Although the printing process of additive manufacturing can be photographed and researched in real time by using a high-speed visible light camera, the method is limited to the situations of the surface of the printing process such as powder sputtering and metal solidification, and the formation of the microstructure defects in the material at the key part of the 3D printing technology cannot be well observed and researched.
The X-ray has penetration capacity, a high-flux and high-energy synchrotron radiation X-ray light source is utilized, the dynamic process of laser melting metal powder can be observed in real time through an ultrafast imaging and diffraction technology, the processes of powder sputtering on the surface, formation of a melting pool, a cavity hole and an air hole in a powder bed and the like are obtained at the same time, the phase change of the material is monitored, the additive manufacturing mechanism is detected and researched, the X-ray synchrotron radiation X-ray laser is a powerful research tool, beneficial guidance can be provided for the additive manufacturing industry, setting of various condition parameters in processing and manufacturing is optimized, and the product quality is improved.
The existing additive manufacturing equipment is directly used for X-ray detection research, and has many problems, the thickness of a measured object needs to meet X-ray transmission, and the size and the design of an equipment cavity need to meet the X-ray detection requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a detection system and a method for developing mechanism research in an X-ray in-situ real-time detection additive manufacturing process. The system comprises a sample bed to be tested, a mounting seat, a vacuum cavity, two sets of motion position adjusting mechanisms, a charging device, an X-ray detector device, a laser or electron beam source, an equipment state monitoring device, vacuum equipment and a protective gas device.
Aiming at the problem that the existing additive manufacturing equipment is not matched with X-ray detection, the invention designs a specially-made small additive manufacturing device according to the requirement of an X-ray detection device, combines the X-ray detection with the additive manufacturing device, realizes the real-time observation of the additive manufacturing process by utilizing X-ray, and relates to the design of powder bed structures and the design of a vacuum cavity combined with the X-ray detection.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a detection system for X-ray detection additive manufacturing mechanism research is characterized by comprising an additive manufacturing cavity and an X-ray detector device; the additive manufacturing cavity is arranged on a first motion adjusting device; a second motion adjusting device and a sample bed are arranged in the additive manufacturing cavity; the second movement adjusting device is positioned at the bottom of the additive manufacturing cavity and is provided with a mounting seat, and the sample bed is mounted on the mounting seat;
the first movement adjusting device is used for adjusting the horizontal position and the height of the additive manufacturing cavity;
the second motion adjusting device is used for adjusting the position and the rotation angle of the sample bed in a horizontal two-dimensional plane;
the additive manufacturing cavity is provided with an incidence window for enabling laser or electron beams generated by an energy source to be incident on the additive manufacturing material on the sample bed through the incidence window for additive manufacturing;
an X-ray incident window and an X-ray exit window are formed in the additive manufacturing cavity, and X-rays generated by an X-ray source sequentially pass through the X-ray incident window, the sample bed and the X-ray exit window to be incident to the X-ray detection device for signal detection in the additive manufacturing process.
Furthermore, the sample bed comprises a sample bed substrate to be tested for laying additive manufacturing materials, and two sides of the sample bed substrate to be tested are respectively provided with a glassy carbon layer; the X-ray vertically enters the sample bed structure and sequentially passes through the glassy carbon layer, the sample bed substrate to be detected and the glassy carbon layer.
Furthermore, the thickness of the sample bed substrate to be detected is in a sub-millimeter magnitude, and the thickness of the glassy carbon layer is in a millimeter magnitude; the X-ray source is a synchrotron radiation X-ray source.
Furthermore, the mounting seat is a tension spring type clamping and fixing device and comprises a bottom plate and a holding structure, one side of the holding structure is fixed on the bottom plate as a fixed end, the other side of the holding structure is a free end which is connected with the fixed end through a tension spring, and a powder bed substrate supporting layer is arranged between the fixed end and the free end and used for placing the sample bed.
The material additive manufacturing device further comprises a state monitoring device, wherein an observation window is formed in the material additive manufacturing cavity, and the state monitoring device obtains video information of the material additive manufacturing process through the observation window.
Furthermore, the additive manufacturing cavity further comprises a parameter monitoring device, a parameter monitoring window is formed in the additive manufacturing cavity, and the parameter monitoring device outputs set monitoring information of the additive manufacturing process through the parameter monitoring window.
Further, the powder scraping device comprises a charging device, wherein the charging device comprises a supporting rod, a sliding block, a powder bin and a powder scraper; the support rod is connected with the slide rod and used for arranging and adjusting the height of the slide rod; the slide bar is provided with a slide block, the lower end of the slide block is connected with the powder bin and the powder scraper, the lower surface of the powder bin is provided with an opening, and the slide block is driven to move along the slide bar for conveying and laying additive manufacturing materials; the powder scraper is positioned behind the powder bin and used for scraping redundant additive manufacturing materials to enable the thicknesses of the additive manufacturing materials to be uniform.
An X-ray detection additive manufacturing mechanism detection method, comprising the steps of:
1) paving an additive manufacturing material on a sample bed, and then installing and fixing the sample bed in an installation seat in an additive manufacturing cavity; the mounting seat is arranged on the second motion adjusting device in the additive manufacturing cavity;
2) mounting the additive manufacturing chamber on a first motion adjustment device; adjusting the first movement adjusting device to enable the center of a detection window of the additive manufacturing cavity to be consistent with the X-ray optical axis; the detection window comprises an X-ray incidence window and an X-ray emergence window;
3) the position of the sample bed is finely adjusted through the second motion adjusting device, and X rays generated by an X-ray source sequentially pass through the X-ray incidence window, the sample bed and the X-ray exit window to be incident on the X-ray detection device;
4) laser or electron beams generated by an energy source are incident on the additive manufacturing material on the sample bed through an incident window on the additive manufacturing cavity to perform additive manufacturing;
5) the X-ray detection device is used for collecting X-ray signals in the additive manufacturing process, and then the additive manufacturing mechanism is detected according to the collected X-ray signals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
according to the invention, the additive manufacturing mechanical system is combined with the X-ray detection technology, and the additive manufacturing powder bed structure, the mounting mode and the cavity mechanical structure are designed according to the experimental needs, so that the requirement of X-ray detection experimental research is met, and the experimental means of the X-ray detection additive manufacturing process principle is optimized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of additive manufacturing X-ray detection;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a powder bed structure and a mounting base;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a charging device.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
The invention provides a detection system for researching an X-ray detection additive manufacturing mechanism, which comprises a sample bed structure, a mounting seat, a vacuum cavity, two sets of movement position adjusting mechanisms, a charging device, an X-ray detector device, a laser or electron beam source, a monitoring device, vacuum equipment and a protective gas device.
1) The structure and the mounting seat of the sample bed are designed as follows: one of the basic conditions for realizing X-ray imaging and diffraction detection is that X-rays can penetrate through a sample to be measured, and therefore, a bed of the sample to be measured is limited in spatial size, especially, a metal material. Therefore, the sample bed structure is designed to be a sandwich biscuit structure of glassy carbon + sample bed substrate to be measured + glassy carbon, wherein the sample bed substrate to be measured and the additive manufacturing material are taken as objects to be researched in the additive manufacturing process (X-rays penetrate through the sample bed substrate to be measured and the additive manufacturing material thereon), and glassy carbon layers on two sides are taken as clamping layers. X-ray detection light vertically enters the sample bed structure and sequentially passes through the glassy carbon layer, the sample bed substrate to be detected (containing additive manufacturing materials) and the glassy carbon layer. The glassy carbon layer functions in two ways: firstly, the thickness of a sample bed substrate is reduced, so that the absorption of X-rays is reduced, and the detector can receive enough X-ray flux; another aspect is to maintain the sample bed substrate at thermal boundary conditions consistent with real additive manufacturing processes. The thickness of the sample bed substrate is determined according to the performance of the X-ray source and the characteristics of the researched material, under the conditions of the prior synchrotron radiation light source and the common additive manufacturing metal material, the thickness is usually in the sub-millimeter level, and the thickness of the glassy carbon layer is in the millimeter level. The length of the sample bed base plate is usually selected to be relatively long according to needs, for example, the length is several centimeters, the detection position is changed by moving the relative position of the sample bed structure and X rays, the sample bed can be prevented from being frequently damaged and replaced in a vacuum mode, and the experiment efficiency is improved. The sample bed with the sandwich biscuit structure is fixed by a smart tension spring type clamping and fixing device. The tension spring can provide tension to compress the sample, and the tension spring structure enables the fixing device to be kept as a whole all the time, so that the fixing device is not required to be disassembled into fine and broken parts, and is convenient to operate when a fine sample bed is replaced. In addition, the fixing device is additionally provided with a fastening screw for further fixing the sample bed. In order to match the thickness of the powder bed sample to be researched, the clamping and fixing device is also divided into three layers, wherein two sides are used for clamping (one side is fixed on the bottom plate, the other side is a free end), the middle layer is used as a powder bed substrate supporting layer, and different thicknesses can be correspondingly replaced.
2) Designing an additive manufacturing cavity: the additive manufacturing process is usually performed in a closed cavity filled with a protective gas, and as an additive manufacturing apparatus for X-ray detection (i.e. an additive manufacturing cavity), the design of the additive manufacturing cavity needs to be compatible with the requirements in X-ray detection. The cavity is designed to be a cuboid hollow sealed cavity, in order to reduce X-ray scattering loss and collect X-ray diffraction information to the maximum extent, the depth of the cavity in the X-ray transmission direction should be as small as possible, and specific parameters should be determined according to X-ray performance, detector performance and experimental research targets so as to meet the requirement of the distance from the detector to a sample. One end of the cavity can be opened to install and replace a sample, the flange at the top end is used as an energy source inlet for additive manufacturing, and the front flange port and the rear flange port are respectively used as an X-ray entrance port and an X-ray detection port. Besides, a vacuum pumping port, a protective gas charging port, an illumination window, an observation window, an intracavity parameter monitoring window and the like are arranged. During the working of the additive manufacturing cavity, low vacuum is firstly pumped to 13Pa, protective gas is filled to one atmosphere, and each window and door of the cavity can be sealed by a fluororubber rubber ring. The additive manufacturing energy source inlet is connected with a laser or electron beam protection vacuum pipeline, and a corresponding window is arranged at the top end of the vacuum pipeline and used for introducing high-power laser or electron beam to act on a sample bed substrate to be measured; the X-ray incidence and detection port adopts a Kapton film or an X-ray window, so that the additive manufacturing cavity is isolated from the external atmosphere by vacuum.
3) Designing a motion adjusting mechanism: the vacuum cavity is arranged on the two-dimensional electric control translation table and used for adjusting the horizontal position and the height. And inside the vacuum cavity, a three-dimensional electric control translation table is adopted to support a sample bed structure and is used for adjusting the horizontal position and the rotation angle of the X-Y two-dimensional plane.
4) A charging device: the material can be charged in the cavity or outside the cavity according to the experiment requirement, and the material can be charged automatically on line or manually off line. For the powdery raw materials, the paving of the metal powder material for additive manufacturing can be completed by adopting the following manual powder paving mode. The charging device consists of a supporting rod, a sliding block, a powder bin and a powder scraper. The supporting rod is used for arranging and adjusting the height of the sliding rod, and the sliding block is arranged on the sliding rod and drives the powder bin and the powder scraper to move. The powder bin is used for storing metal powder, an opening is formed in the lower surface of the powder bin, and the powder bin moves along the sliding rod under the driving of the sliding block and is used for conveying and laying the metal powder. The powder scraper is positioned behind the powder bin and is used for scraping redundant powder, so that the thickness of the powder is uniform and consistent. The gap between the powder scraper and the powder bed determines the thickness of the powder material, and the gap can be measured by a feeler gauge and adjusted by a support rod. For tape or strip samples, a suitable length of sample can be laid directly.
5) An X-ray detection device: the detector can be composed of a detector, a scintillator and the like, and signal detection is completed.
6) Laser or electron beam: for providing additive manufacturing energy.
7) A monitoring device: in the X-ray detection process, related information in the vacuum cavity in the additive manufacturing process is obtained through monitoring equipment such as video monitoring and an air pressure probe.
8) Vacuum equipment and protective gas device: and finishing the vacuum environment and the protective gas environment of the vacuum cavity.
Probing process
A synchronous radiation X-ray white light source (10-100keV) is utilized to research the Ti alloy laser additive manufacturing process. The length and width of the substrate of the sample bed to be measured are respectively 50mm and 2.8mm, the thickness is selected to be 0.6mm according to the X-ray energy range and the transmittance calculation of the main element material. The size of the glassy carbon layer is 50mm multiplied by 3mm multiplied by 1mm, and the glassy carbon + Ti alloy to-be-detected sample bed substrate + glassy carbon sample bed structure is arranged in the tension spring type mounting seat and is fixed.
After the sample bed structure is installed, the sample bed is placed on a manual charging device to spread powder. The height of the sliding rod is adjusted to enable the powder scraper to be as high as the upper surface of the glassy carbon layer, the height difference between the substrate of the sample bed to be tested and the glassy carbon layer is 200 mu m, so that the laying thickness of the metal powder is also the height difference, and the laying thickness of the metal powder can be controlled by adjusting the gap between the powder scraper and the substrate of the powder bed according to the experimental requirement. And (3) placing metal powder into the powder bin, opening a baffle at the bottom of the powder bin, and then enabling the powder bin and the powder scraper to uniformly move above the sample bed structure under the driving of the sliding block to finish the powder paving and scraping work. And after the powder spreading is finished, removing residual powder materials, and taking down the sample bed structure for later use.
A small-size vibration material disk processing seal chamber body for X ray detects, inside basic dimension is about 300mm long, and width 200mm (X ray detection direction), height 200mm, upper end design are sealed bulkhead construction for dress appearance. Because the X-ray optical axis can not be adjusted, the sealing cavity body needs to be arranged on the heavy-load lifting platform and the horizontal translation platform and used for positioning and adjusting the X-ray optical axis, and the center of the cavity detection window is adjusted to the position of the X-ray optical axis. In addition, the lifting platform also has the function of adjusting the longitudinal relative position of the powder bed substrate sample and the X-ray, and selects the observation position. An XY two-dimensional translation table and a rotation table are additionally arranged in the cavity, and the sample bed structure is directly arranged on the rotation table. The translation platform of perpendicular to X ray axis motion is used for adjusting the region of X ray detection sample among the two-dimensional translation platform, and X ray spot size is mm magnitude at most usually, and once detection area is limited, and in order to avoid frequently destroying the vacuum and change the sample, chooses for use the sample bed base plate that awaits measuring that length is 50mm, utilizes the translation platform to remove the observation area, combines laser parameter adjustment, can realize dress appearance once, many times test detection. The translation table moving along the X-ray axis direction is used for positioning the relative position of the high-power processing laser and the substrate of the sample bed to be detected, and the rotation table can correct the installation deflection angle of the substrate of the sample bed to be detected, so that the high-power processing laser can be always incident to the specified position on the substrate of the sample bed to be detected when the detection area is replaced.
After the sample loading is finished, the cavity cover plate and each flange port are sealed, the vacuum pumping is carried out, after the pressure reaches 13Pa, high-purity argon is filled to 1 atmosphere, and the process is repeated twice, so that the air in the cavity is replaced by the high-purity argon. The vacuum pumping and the air inflation are slow, and the air inflation port is prevented from being aligned with the metal powder to the greatest extent so as to prevent the metal powder from being blown away.
After the material increase manufacturing seal cavity body is prepared, a horizontal sliding table below the cavity body is adjusted, a sample is adjusted to be on an X-ray beam axis, preliminary positioning can be performed by combining an X-ray exposure paper with an external cavity positioning mark, then an X-ray imaging detector is used for collecting images, and the relative positions of a sample bed substrate to be detected, the X-ray and the detector are accurately adjusted. And adjusting a laser light path, determining the required laser power and spot size, enabling the focused laser spot to be incident on the sample bed substrate to be detected and to be superposed with the X-ray beam axis, and adjusting the imaging detector to receive the emergent X-ray signal. After the preparation work is ready, the experiment can be started, laser parameters are determined, and after the horizontal sliding table of the sample bed substrate to be detected in the cavity is set to move, signals of the material increase manufacturing process are detected and collected.
Because the density of the sample bed substrate to be detected, the metal powder and the molten metal is different, the transmitted X-ray intensity is different, the patterns with different gray scales on an X-ray imaging image are shown, and the structures such as air holes, cavities and the like are also shown due to local structural difference. The mechanism of the additive manufacturing process is researched by analyzing the influence of laser parameters, powder models and other experimental conditions on the manufacturing process in the additive manufacturing process.
In summary, the above is only the main core content of the present invention, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A detection system for X-ray in-situ real-time detection additive manufacturing mechanism research is characterized by comprising an additive manufacturing cavity and an X-ray detector device; the additive manufacturing cavity is arranged on a first motion adjusting device; a second motion adjusting device and a sample bed are arranged in the additive manufacturing cavity; the second movement adjusting device is positioned at the bottom of the additive manufacturing cavity and is provided with a mounting seat, and the sample bed is mounted on the mounting seat;
the first movement adjusting device is used for adjusting the horizontal position and the height of the additive manufacturing cavity;
the second motion adjusting device is used for adjusting the position and the rotation angle of the sample bed in a horizontal two-dimensional plane;
the additive manufacturing cavity is provided with an incidence window for enabling laser or electron beams generated by an energy source to be incident on the additive manufacturing material on the sample bed through the incidence window for additive manufacturing;
an X-ray incident window and an X-ray exit window are formed in the additive manufacturing cavity, and X-rays generated by an X-ray source sequentially pass through the X-ray incident window, the sample bed and the X-ray exit window to be incident to the X-ray detection device for signal detection in the additive manufacturing process.
2. A detection system according to claim 1, wherein the sample bed comprises a sample bed substrate to be tested for laying the additive manufacturing material, and a glassy carbon layer is respectively arranged on two sides of the sample bed substrate to be tested; the X-ray vertically enters the sample bed structure and sequentially passes through the glassy carbon layer, the sample bed substrate to be detected and the glassy carbon layer.
3. The detection system of claim 2, wherein the thickness of the sample bed substrate to be detected is of the sub-millimeter order, and the thickness of the glassy carbon layer is of the millimeter order; the X-ray source is a synchrotron radiation X-ray source.
4. A detection system according to claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the mounting means is a tension spring type clamping fixture comprising a base plate and a holding structure, one side of the holding structure being fixed to the base plate as a fixed end and the other side being a free end connected to the fixed end by a tension spring, and a powder bed substrate support layer being provided between the fixed end and the free end for placing the sample bed.
5. A detection system according to claim 1, further comprising a condition monitoring device, wherein the additive manufacturing chamber defines an observation window, and the condition monitoring device obtains video information of the additive manufacturing process through the observation window.
6. A detection system according to claim 1, further comprising a parameter monitoring device in the additive manufacturing chamber, wherein a parameter monitoring window is formed in the additive manufacturing chamber, and the parameter monitoring device outputs the set monitoring information of the additive manufacturing process through the parameter monitoring window.
7. The detection system of claim 1, further comprising a charging device comprising a support bar, a slide block, a powder bin, and a powder scraper; the support rod is connected with the slide rod and used for arranging and adjusting the height of the slide rod; the slide bar is provided with a slide block, the lower end of the slide block is connected with the powder bin and the powder scraper, the lower surface of the powder bin is provided with an opening, and the slide block is driven to move along the slide bar for conveying and laying additive manufacturing materials; the powder scraper is positioned behind the powder bin and used for scraping redundant additive manufacturing materials to enable the thicknesses of the additive manufacturing materials to be uniform.
8. An X-ray in-situ real-time detection method for an additive manufacturing mechanism comprises the following steps:
1) paving an additive manufacturing material on a sample bed, and then installing and fixing the sample bed in an installation seat in an additive manufacturing cavity; the mounting seat is arranged on the second motion adjusting device in the additive manufacturing cavity;
2) mounting the additive manufacturing chamber on a first motion adjustment device; adjusting the first movement adjusting device to enable the center of a detection window of the additive manufacturing cavity to be consistent with the X-ray optical axis; the detection window comprises an X-ray incidence window and an X-ray emergence window;
3) the position of the sample bed is finely adjusted through the second motion adjusting device, and X rays generated by an X-ray source sequentially pass through the X-ray incidence window, the sample bed and the X-ray exit window to be incident on the X-ray detection device;
4) laser or electron beams generated by an energy source are incident on the additive manufacturing material on the sample bed through an incident window on the additive manufacturing cavity to perform additive manufacturing;
5) the X-ray detection device is used for collecting X-ray signals in the additive manufacturing process, and then the additive manufacturing mechanism is detected according to the collected X-ray signals.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the sample bed comprises a sample bed substrate to be tested for laying the additive manufacturing material, and a glassy carbon layer is respectively disposed on two sides of the sample bed substrate to be tested; the X-ray vertically enters the sample bed structure and sequentially passes through the glassy carbon layer, the sample bed substrate to be detected and the glassy carbon layer.
10. The method of claim 8, further comprising a parameter monitoring device within the additive manufacturing chamber, wherein a parameter monitoring window is opened on the additive manufacturing chamber, and the parameter monitoring device outputs the set monitoring information of the additive manufacturing process through the parameter monitoring window.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010143099.6A CN111257356A (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2020-03-04 | Detection system and method for X-ray in-situ real-time detection additive manufacturing mechanism research |
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| CN113117606A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-07-16 | 中国科学技术大学 | Beam source control device for precisely adjusting direction and position of beam source in vacuum beam source cavity |
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| CN114047207B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-12-12 | 中山大学 | Device for in-situ research of laser cladding process |
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