CN111257177B - Gas well sand production detection experimental device - Google Patents
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
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- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention provides a gas well sand production detection experimental device, which is connected with a gas supply assembly and comprises a pipeline, wherein at least one screen is arranged on the pipeline, a plurality of first detection pieces capable of detecting vibration signals are arranged on the screen, the first detection pieces are arranged at preset intervals along the circumferential direction of the screen, the gas well sand production detection experimental device also comprises an actuator and a storage electrically connected with the actuator, a preset program is stored in the storage, and the preset program can realize the following steps when being executed by the actuator: carrying out kurtosis analysis and SD (secure digital) representation deviation analysis on time domain signals of sand production signals in the signals detected by the first detection pieces, verifying calculated values of the calculated kurtosis and SD representation deviation according to flow velocity and viscosity, comparing the verified calculated values of the kurtosis and the SD representation deviation with a preset layout, giving sand grain size coefficients and sand grain shape coefficients, and generating corresponding three-dimensional images according to the size coefficients and the sand grain shape coefficients.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling, in particular to a gas well sand production detection experimental device.
Background
The sand-containing multiphase pipe flow is widely existed in various industries such as petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy and the like, and the online representation of sand information in the sand-containing multiphase pipe flow has great significance for ensuring safe and efficient production of the sand-containing pipe flow. Because the flowing rule of the multiphase pipe flow is complex, a large number of scientific problems are yet to be deeply researched and solved, and the visualization technology of solid-phase particles in the sand-containing pipe flow is an effective tool for accelerating the process of solving the basic scientific problems.
The existing visualization system for solid-phase particles in sand-containing multiphase pipe flow mainly comprises a focused beam reflectometer and a particle image microscope, however, the two devices are very expensive in price and limited by optical principles, and a pipeline is required to be a transparent medium.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a gas well sand production detection experimental device which can realize visualization and can calibrate, optimize and regularly explore various sand production signals.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a gas well sand production detects experimental apparatus, including the air feed subassembly that can provide the sand-containing air current, with the pipeline that the air feed subassembly is connected, be equipped with at least one screen cloth on the pipeline, be equipped with a plurality of detectable vibration signal's first detection piece on the screen cloth, it is a plurality of first detection piece is followed the circumference direction of screen cloth sets up according to predetermineeing the interval, still includes with a plurality of first detection piece electric connection's executor, and with executor electric connection's accumulator, there is preset program in the accumulator, should predetermine the program quilt the executor is executed and can be realized following step: and performing kurtosis analysis and SD (secure digital) characterization deviation analysis on time domain signals of sand signals in the signals detected by the first detection pieces, verifying calculated values of the kurtosis and the SD characterization deviation according to the flow velocity and the viscosity, comparing the verified calculated values of the kurtosis and the SD characterization deviation with a preset layout, giving sand grain size coefficients and sand grain shape coefficients, and generating corresponding three-dimensional images according to the size coefficients and the sand grain shape coefficients.
As a further optimization of the present invention, the preset program, when executed by the actuator, can implement the following steps: and solving an intersection frequency band among signals detected by the first detection pieces, and filtering the frequency band to obtain a sand production signal.
As a further optimization of the invention, the number of the first detection pieces is four, and the connecting lines between the adjacent first detection pieces and the center of the screen form 90-degree included angles.
As a further optimization of the present invention, the preset program, when executed by the actuator, can implement the following steps: and performing RMS (root mean square) spectrum analysis on time domain signals of sand production signals in the signals detected by the four first detection pieces, checking according to flow velocity and viscosity, and calculating the quality and position coordinates of sand grains.
As a further optimization of the present invention, the preset program, when executed by the actuator, can implement the following steps: mass M of sand grains K, Sa, Sh { [ RMS { []2-(A0+A1·v+A2·v2+A3·v3)}p-kWherein Sa is the sand size coefficient, Sh is the sand shape coefficient, K is the content calibration factor, A0To A3Is a flow velocity polynomial fitting coefficient, v is the fluid mean velocity, and B is a fluid medium calibration factor.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the screen is provided in plural, and the mesh number of the plural screens increases in the direction of fluid movement.
As a further optimization of the present invention, the first detecting members are a plurality of sets disposed corresponding to the screens.
As a further optimization of the present invention, the duct comprises an observation section made of transparent material, the screen is arranged on the observation section, and the focused beam reflectometer is arranged at the screen.
As a further optimization of the invention, the gas supply device further comprises a first elbow pipe, a second elbow pipe and a third elbow pipe which are connected with the gas supply assembly, and second detection pieces which are respectively arranged at the first elbow pipe, the second elbow pipe and the third elbow pipe.
As a further optimization of the invention, the gas supply device further comprises two fourth bent pipes connected with the gas supply assembly, and a third detection piece arranged at the fourth bent pipes.
According to the experimental device for detecting the sand production of the gas well, kurtosis analysis and SD (secure digital) characterization deviation analysis are carried out through a time domain signal of a sand production signal, calculated values of the kurtosis and SD characterization deviation are verified according to flow velocity and viscosity, the verified calculated values of the kurtosis and the SD characterization deviation are compared with a preset layout, a sand size coefficient and a sand shape coefficient are given, a corresponding three-dimensional image is generated according to the size coefficient and the sand shape coefficient, visual processing of sand grains is effectively achieved, meanwhile, a screen with a corresponding number can be selected according to needs, and selective processing can be carried out.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for detecting sand production of a gas well according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for detecting gas well sand production according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the screen of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a preset program in the memory according to the present invention.
In the above figures, 1, an air supply assembly; 11. an air compressor; 12. a gas storage tank; 13. a sand feeder; 2. a pipeline; 21. an observation section; 22. a first bend; 23. a second bend pipe; 24. a third bend; 25. a fourth bend; 3. screening a screen; 4. a first detecting member; 5. an actuator; 6. a reservoir; 7. a second detecting member; 8. a third detecting member; 9. a first collector; 100. a second collector; 110. a three-way valve; 120. a focused beam reflection gauge; 130. and a flow measurer.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus for detecting sand production of a gas well, including a gas supply assembly 1 capable of providing a sand-containing gas flow, a pipeline 2 connected to the gas supply assembly 1, at least one screen 3 disposed on the pipeline 2, a plurality of first detecting elements 4 capable of detecting vibration signals disposed on the screen 3, the plurality of first detecting elements 4 disposed at preset intervals along a circumferential direction of the screen 3, an actuator 5 electrically connected to the plurality of first detecting elements 4, and a storage 6 electrically connected to the actuator 5, wherein the storage 6 stores a preset program, and when the preset program is executed by the actuator 5, the preset program can implement the following steps: carrying out kurtosis analysis and SD (secure digital) characterization deviation analysis on time domain signals of sand production signals in the signals detected by the first detection pieces 4, verifying calculated values of the kurtosis and the SD characterization deviation according to flow velocity and viscosity, comparing the verified calculated values of the kurtosis and the SD characterization deviation with a preset layout, giving sand grain size coefficients and sand grain shape coefficients, and generating corresponding three-dimensional images according to the size coefficients and the sand grain shape coefficients.
According to the experimental device for detecting the sand production of the gas well, the kurtosis analysis and the SD characterization deviation analysis are carried out on the time domain signal of the sand production signal, the calculated kurtosis and the calculated value of the SD characterization deviation are verified according to the flow velocity and the viscosity, the verified kurtosis and the calculated value of the SD characterization deviation are compared with the preset layout, a sand size coefficient and a sand shape coefficient are given, a corresponding three-dimensional image is generated according to the size coefficient and the sand shape coefficient, the visualization processing of sand in the gas well is effectively realized, meanwhile, a screen 3 with a corresponding number can be selected according to the requirement, and the screen can be selectively processed.
It should be noted that, the air supply component 1 is only used for providing sand-containing air, and corresponding equipment or interfaces can be selected as needed, in this embodiment, an indoor experiment is taken as an example, the air supply component 1 includes an air compressor 11, an air storage tank 12 connected to the air compressor 11, and a sand adder 13 connected to the air storage tank 12, the air pressure of the air storage tank 12 and the content of sand grains are adjusted as needed, so as to adjust the flow rate and the sand content of the air, the air compressor 11 selects air supply or stop according to the air pressure of the air storage tank 12, the preset layout in the storage 6 can be set according to experience, or can be made according to an indoor experiment, that is, calculation and analysis of a sand grain collision test signal are separately performed, then a corresponding layout is made according to the size and shape of experimental sand grains and the calculated value, the first detection element 4 is an acceleration sensor, the vibration sensor or the sound sensor is selected as required.
In the above calculation process, the kurtosis is calculated by using the following calculation formula:
the SD characterization deviation was calculated as follows:
time domain signal f of sandiThe standard deviation of (d) can be expressed as:
in the formula, average vibration signal
Can be expressed as:
in the formula, n is the length of the time domain signal.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first detecting element 4 is electrically connected to the actuator 5 through the first collector 9, so as to achieve multi-channel collection, and in addition, the functions of signal amplification and preliminary filtering can be achieved through connecting an amplifier and a filter, and in addition, the flow rate and the viscosity in the calculation process can be detected through the flow rate measuring device 130, and the data is transmitted to the actuator 5 in real time.
With continued reference to fig. 4, the predetermined program, when executed by the actuator, is capable of performing the following steps: the intersection frequency band between the signals detected by the first detection pieces 4 is obtained, the frequency band is filtered to obtain a sand production signal, when the operation is performed, the actuator 5 converts the signals detected by the first detection pieces 4 into frequency domain signals, then the intersection frequency band in the signals detected by the first detection pieces 4 is selected in a contrast mode, then the band-pass filtering mode is performed to perform filtering and denoising, and the sand production characteristic signal is extracted.
Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, four first detecting members 4 are provided, and a connecting line between adjacent first detecting members 4 and the center of the screen 3 forms an included angle of 90 °, that is, as shown in fig. 3, four first detecting members 4 are arranged on the periphery of the screen 3 in a crisscross opposite arrangement and fixed on the screen 3 in the form of a clamp, a bolt, or the like to form a coordinate system, and the above arrangement enables the preset program to be executed by the actuator to implement the following steps: performing RMS spectrum analysis on time domain signals of sand production signals in the signals detected by the four first detection parts 4, checking according to flow velocity and viscosity, and calculating the quality and position coordinates of sand grains, wherein the calculation process is as follows:
performing RMS spectrum analysis on time domain signals of the sand production characteristic signals extracted from the detection signals of the four first detection pieces 4, referring to fig. 3, the four first detection pieces 4 form a plane coordinate system because of being arranged in a cross-shaped opposite manner, and the first detection piece 4 at the upper end is No. 1 and sequentially No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 RMS-x along the clockwise directiong,RMS-ygRespectively as follows: RMS-x1＝0，RMS-y1＞0；RMS-x2＜0,RMS-y2＝0；RMS-x3＝0，RMS-y3＜0；RMS-x4＞0,RMS-y4The factor was then checked on the basis of flow rate, viscosity:
mass M of sand grains K, Sa, Sh { [ RMS { []2-(A0+A1·v+A2·v2+A3·v3)}p-kWherein K is a content calibration factor, A0To A3Is a flow velocity polynomial fitting coefficient, v is the fluid mean velocity, B is a fluid medium calibrationA quasi-factor;
the position coordinate of the sand grains is (x)g,yg) Wherein, in the step (A),
referring to fig. 1, there are a plurality of screens 3, the mesh numbers of the screens 3 sequentially increase along the fluid moving direction, the first detecting member 4 is a plurality of sets corresponding to the screens 3, so that the number and size of the sand grains can be graded according to the requirement, the sand grains can be measured more easily and respectively, and the calculated result can be compared with the size of the pores of the screens 3, in this embodiment, the number of the screens 3 is 7, and the mesh numbers of the 7 screens 3 are respectively from left to right: the sizes of the signals on the 100-mesh screen 3 are necessarily smaller than the sizes of the pores of the 80-mesh screen 3 when the signals on the 100-mesh screen 3 are calculated and detected, and the calculation abnormal conditions are effectively guaranteed through verification in the mode.
Further, the pipeline 2 comprises an observation section 21 made of a transparent material, the screen 3 is arranged on the observation section 21, the focusing beam reflection measuring instrument 120 is arranged at the screen 3, and the accuracy of the calculation result can be ensured and the calculation result can be adjusted in time through the measurement of the focusing beam reflection measuring instrument 120 and the comparison with the calculation result.
With further reference to fig. 2, still include with first return bend 22, second return bend 23 and the third return bend 24 that air feed subassembly 1 is connected, and locate respectively the second detection piece 7 of first return bend 22, second return bend 23 and third return bend 24 department, second detection piece 7, above-mentioned setting can be to the sand outlet signal contrast of different grade type elbow department, for the sensor mounting means of different grade type elbow department provides the support, in addition, still include with two fourth return bends 25 that air feed subassembly 1 is connected, and locate the third detection piece 8 of fourth return bend 25 department, above-mentioned setting can provide necessary calibration coefficient for sand output detection model, finally improves the detection precision of mixing the sand output.
Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the first elbow 22, the second elbow 23 and the third elbow 24 are sequentially connected, the first elbow 22 is a 90-degree elbow, the second elbow 23 is a T-shaped elbow, and the third elbow 24 is a right-angle elbow; two fourth return bend 25 connects in order, air feed subassembly 1 pass through three-way valve 110 respectively with first return bend 22 with fourth return bend 25 communicates, observe section 21 through three-way valve 110 respectively with third return bend 24 with fourth return bend 25 communicates, thereby realize selective will first return bend 22, second return bend 23, third return bend 24 and fourth return bend 25 communicate and carry out the verification and the calibration of different operating modes, or with fourth return bend 25 with observe section 21 intercommunication, carry out further calibration when the sand signal draws.
It should be noted that the second detecting element 7 and the third detecting element 8 are connected to the actuator 5 through the second collector 100, so as to realize the acquisition of multi-channel signals and the calculation of signals.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a gas well sand production detects experimental apparatus, its characterized in that, including providing the air feed subassembly that contains the sand air current, with the pipeline that the air feed subassembly is connected, be equipped with at least one screen cloth on the pipeline, be equipped with a plurality of detectable vibration signal's first detection piece on the screen cloth, it is a plurality of first detection piece is followed the circumference direction of screen cloth sets up according to predetermineeing the interval, still includes with a plurality of first detection piece electric connection's executor, and with executor electric connection's accumulator, the accumulator memory has preset program, should predetermine the program quilt the executor can realize following step when carrying out: carrying out kurtosis analysis and SD (secure digital) characterization deviation analysis on time domain signals of sand production signals in the signals detected by the first detection pieces, verifying calculated values of the calculated kurtosis and SD characterization deviation according to flow velocity and viscosity, comparing the verified calculated values of the kurtosis and the SD characterization deviation with a preset layout, giving sand grain size coefficients and sand grain shape coefficients, and generating corresponding three-dimensional images according to the size coefficients and the sand grain shape coefficients;
the number of the first detection pieces is four, and the connecting lines between the adjacent first detection pieces and the center of the screen form 90-degree included angles;
when executed by the actuator, the preset program can realize the following steps: and performing RMS (root mean square) spectrum analysis on time domain signals of sand production signals in the signals detected by the four first detection pieces, checking according to flow velocity and viscosity, and calculating the quality and position coordinates of sand grains.
2. A gas well sand production detection experiment device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the preset program when executed by the actuator is capable of implementing the following steps: and solving an intersection frequency band among signals detected by the first detection pieces, and filtering the frequency band to obtain a sand production signal.
3. A gas well sand production detection experiment device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the preset program when executed by the actuator is capable of implementing the following steps: mass M of sand grains K, Sa, Sh { [ RMS { []2-(A0+A1·v+A2·v2+A3·v3)}p-kWherein Sa is the sand size coefficient, Sh is the sand shape coefficient, K is the content calibration factor, A0To A3Is a flow velocity polynomial fitting coefficient, v is the fluid mean velocity, and B is a fluid medium calibration factor.
4. The gas well sand production detection experiment device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the screen is provided in plurality, and the mesh number of the screen is increased in sequence along the fluid moving direction.
5. The gas well sand production detection experiment device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first detection member is a plurality of sets arranged corresponding to the screen.
6. A gas well sand production detection experiment device as recited in claim 5, wherein the conduit includes an observation section made of a transparent material, the screen is disposed on the observation section, and the gas well sand production detection experiment device further includes a focused beam reflection measuring instrument disposed at the screen.
7. A gas well sand production detection experiment device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a first elbow, a second elbow and a third elbow connected to the gas supply assembly, and second detection members respectively disposed at the first elbow, the second elbow and the third elbow.
8. The gas well sand production detection experiment device as recited in claim 7, further comprising two fourth bent pipes connected to the gas supply assembly, and a third detection member disposed at the fourth bent pipes.
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