CN111254505B - Super bright polyester fiber, spinneret plate for spinning same and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Super bright polyester fiber, spinneret plate for spinning same and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111254505B CN111254505B CN202010101433.1A CN202010101433A CN111254505B CN 111254505 B CN111254505 B CN 111254505B CN 202010101433 A CN202010101433 A CN 202010101433A CN 111254505 B CN111254505 B CN 111254505B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/096—Humidity control, or oiling, of filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large lustrous polyester fiber, a spinneret plate used for spinning the large lustrous polyester fiber and a preparation method of the spinneret plate, wherein the cross section of the large lustrous polyester fiber is in a cross shape, the structure enables the large lustrous polyester fiber to simultaneously have flat diamond super-bright characteristics and moisture absorption and sweat releasing characteristics, the cross section of a spinneret hole on the used spinneret plate is in the cross shape, and the transverse spinneret hole and the longitudinal spinneret hole of the cross-shaped spinneret hole are different in length, so that the prepared polyester fiber simultaneously has the flat diamond super-bright characteristics of the polyester fiber prepared by the straight spinneret hole and the polyester fiber prepared by the conventional cross-shaped spinneret hole with equal length, namely the transverse spinneret hole and the longitudinal spinneret hole, has the moisture absorption and sweat releasing characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical fiber materials, in particular to a bright polyester fiber, a spinneret plate for spinning the bright polyester fiber and a preparation method of the spinneret plate.
Background
China is a big chemical fiber country, the production quantity and the use quantity of chemical fibers reach 60% of the world, more than 80% of the chemical fiber production quantity and the use quantity are terylene, which is the general trend of the development of chemical fiber technology, but the terylene market is seriously homogenized, a brand-new production concept oriented to functions is deeply focused in remodeling textile products by science and technology, and the functional and differentiated polyester fibers become the mainstream of the future market. In the current market, developed functional bright polyester fibers have single function, poor production stability and low post-processing efficiency, and cannot meet the requirement of the market on the multifunctionalization of fiber textiles.
The 'one' -shaped polyester filament has high profile degree, high glossiness, dyeing uniformity and other excellent characteristics. The cross-shaped polyester filament has the excellent characteristics of large specific surface area, self-contained drainage groove, strong moisture absorption and quick drying, and the like. At present, fiber products in the market only have single function, the one-shaped polyester filament has the characteristic of ultra-bright flashing, and the ten-shaped polyester filament has the characteristic of moisture absorption and quick drying. If the two characteristics are simultaneously possessed, the mixed weaving can be carried out only in the subsequent processing, so that the production procedures are increased, the production cost is increased, and the effect of the two characteristics cannot be well highlighted due to the poor control of the mixing uniformity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large bright polyester fiber, a spinneret plate used for spinning the large bright polyester fiber and a preparation method of the spinneret plate, the large bright polyester fiber has the advantages of ultra-brightness, low shrinkage, moisture absorption and quick drying, the preparation process of the polyester fiber can prepare yarn meeting double characteristics without subsequent stranding, the production process and the production cost are reduced, and the specific contents of the invention are as follows:
the cross section of the large lustrous polyester fiber is in a cross shape, the cross-shaped cross section is composed of a blade a, a blade b, a blade c and a blade d, the lengths of the blade a, the blade b and the blade c are equal, the length of the blade d is 2 times of the lengths of the other three blades, the lengths of the blade a, the blade b and the blade c are 0.51mm, and the length of the blade d is 1.02 mm.
The invention relates to a spinneret plate for spinning large lustrous polyester fibers, wherein a first guide groove, a second guide groove, a third guide groove and a plurality of spinning mechanisms are arranged on the spinneret plate, the spinning mechanisms are uniformly distributed on each guide groove, the axes of the first guide groove, the second guide groove and the third guide groove are concentric, each spinning mechanism consists of an extrusion cavity, a transition cavity and a spinning hole, the transition cavity is communicated with the extrusion cavity and the spinning hole, the depth of the spinning hole is 0.5mm, and the diameter of the spinning hole is 1.6 mm;
the cross-sectional shape of the spinneret orifice is in a cross shape, the spinneret orifice is formed by overlapping and communicating a transverse spinneret orifice and a longitudinal spinneret orifice, the transverse spinneret orifice is different from the longitudinal spinneret orifice in length, the transverse spinneret orifice is 1.09mm in length, the longitudinal spinneret orifice is 1.6mm in length, the longitudinal spinneret orifice is divided into a short blade and a long blade, the short blade is 0.51mm in length, the long blade is 1.02mm in length, the transverse spinneret orifice and the longitudinal spinneret orifice are both 0.07mm in width, and the long blades of the spinneret orifice face the axis of the flow guide groove uniformly.
The invention is further improved in that: the guide groove that the charge level of spinneret set up is first guide groove, second guide groove and third guide groove in proper order from the outside to the inboard, follows first guide groove evenly is provided with 12 and spouts a mechanism, follows second guide groove evenly is provided with 8 and spouts a mechanism, follows third guide groove evenly is provided with 4 and spouts a mechanism.
The invention is further improved in that: the flow guide grooves on the spinneret plate are formed by two quadrangles, the two quadrangles are staggered and concentric, and the quadrangles are squares or rhombuses.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a bright polyester fiber, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing raw materials: placing the bright polyester slices in drying equipment for drying for 12-13 h;
step 2: melting and discharging: melting and discharging: the method comprises the following steps of (1) extruding the large bright polyester chips dried in the step (1) through a screw extruder after sectional melting to form a large bright polyester melt, wherein the melting temperature is 270-320 ℃, and then filtering the large bright polyester melt after high-temperature melting through a melt filter to obtain the large bright polyester melt which can be used for direct spinning;
and step 3: and (3) stretching and forming: and (3) enabling the bright polyester melt prepared in the step (2) to enter a spinning box body through a melt distributor, metering the melt by a metering pump, conveying the melt to a spinning assembly for spinning, extruding the melt from a spinneret plate, and then cooling by a circular air blowing system, oiling by an oil nozzle, drafting by two hot rollers, and winding by a winding machine to obtain the bright polyester fiber.
The invention is further improved in that: the water content of the large bright section dried in the step 1 is 10-20 PPM.
The invention is further improved in that: the oil preparation agent containing crown ether is adopted in the oil nozzle oiling process in the step 3, and the content of the crown ether is 67.30-85.58 wt%.
The invention is further improved in that: the oil agent containing crown ether is one or a mixture of 2-hydroxymethyl-12-crown-4 and 15-crown ether-5 or 2-hydroxymethyl-15-crown-5.
The invention is further improved in that: the spinning parameters of the bright polyester fiber in the step 3 are as follows: the spinning temperature is 270-300 ℃, the cooling temperature is 18-25 ℃, the network pressure is 0.25-0.32 MPa, the speed of the first group of hot rollers is 1600-2200 m/min, the temperature of the first group of hot rollers is 80-90 ℃, the speed of the second group of hot rollers is 3500-4300 m/min, the temperature of the second group of hot rollers is 135-185 ℃, and the winding speed is 3500-4200 m/min.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the large lustrous polyester chip does not contain a flatting agent, and polyester fibers prepared by using the large lustrous polyester chip have stronger luster, but the luster may not be good in normal aesthetic sense, and the light reflection effect of the polyester fibers is too dazzling.
(2) In the preparation method of the bright polyester fiber, the oiling process uses an oiling agent containing crown ether, the content of the crown ether is 67.30-85.58 wt%, and the oiling agent containing the crown ether has the characteristics of low viscosity, good heat resistance, high oil film strength, good smoothness and strong antistatic property, so that higher temperature can be set in the hot roller stretching process, the uniform heating of the filament bundle is facilitated, the low shrinkage purpose is achieved, and the spinning stability and the fiber processing performance are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a large bright polyester fiber or spinneret orifice of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the feed side of a spinneret plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the discharge surface of a spinneret plate according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a spinneret orifice of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for making a macrogloss polyester fiber of the present invention;
11-blade a; 12-blade b; 13-blade c; 14-blade d; 21-a second guiding gutter; 22-spinneret feed face; 23-a spinning mechanism; 24-a first guiding gutter; 25-a third guiding gutter; 26-spinneret plate discharge surface; 41-extrusion chamber; 42-a transition chamber; 43-spinneret holes; 44-a diversion trench; 431-longitudinal spinneret holes; 432-transverse spinneret holes; 61-screw extruder; 62-a melt filter; 63-a melt distributor; 64-spinning beam; 65-a metering pump; 66-a spin pack; 67-ring blowing box; 68-extension air duct; 69-oil nozzle; 610-a spinning shaft; 611-pre-network; 612-first set of hot rolls; 613-second set of hot rolls; 614 — primary network; 615-a winder; 616-biphenyl evaporator.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further understood by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. To the extent that a definition of a particular term disclosed in the prior art is inconsistent with any definitions provided herein, the definition of the term provided herein controls.
As used herein, a feature that does not define a singular or plural form is also intended to include a plural form of the feature unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the term "prepared from …," as used herein, is synonymous with "comprising," including, "comprising," "having," "including," and/or "containing," when used in this specification means that the recited composition, step, method, article, or device is present, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other compositions, steps, methods, articles, or devices. Furthermore, the use of "preferred," "preferably," "more preferred," etc., when describing embodiments of the present application, is meant to refer to embodiments of the invention that may provide certain benefits, under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may be preferred, under the same or other circumstances. In addition, the recitation of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a large bright polyester fiber, the cross section of which is of a cross shape as shown in figure 1, the cross section of the large bright polyester fiber is of a cross shape, the cross section of the cross shape is composed of a blade a11, a blade b12, a blade c13 and a blade d14, the lengths of the blade a11, the blade b12 and the blade c13 are equal, the length of the blade d14 is 2 times of the lengths of the other three blades, the lengths of the blade a11, the blade b12 and the blade c13 are 0.51mm, and the length of the blade d14 is 1.02 mm. The large lustrous polyester fiber has the flat diamond super-bright characteristic of polyester fiber prepared by straight spinneret orifices and the moisture absorption and sweat releasing characteristic of polyester fiber prepared by regular cross spinneret orifices with equal length of conventional transverse spinneret orifices and longitudinal spinneret orifices.
The invention also provides a spinneret plate for spinning the large lustrous polyester fiber, wherein the feed surface 22 of the spinneret plate is shown in figure 2, the spinneret plate is provided with three diversion trenches 44 and a plurality of spinning mechanisms 23, the diversion trenches 44 are a first diversion trench 24, a second diversion trench 21 and a third diversion trench 25 from the outer side to the inner side in sequence, 12 spinning mechanisms 23 are uniformly arranged along the first diversion trench 24, 8 spinning mechanisms 23 are uniformly arranged along the second diversion trench 21, 4 spinning mechanisms 23 are uniformly arranged along the third diversion trench 25, and the plurality of spinning mechanisms 23 are uniformly distributed on each diversion trench 44, wherein the three diversion trenches 44 are concentric in axial center, the diversion trenches 44 are composed of two quadrangles which are concentric in staggered mode, and the quadrangles are squares or rhombuses. As shown in fig. 4, the cross-sectional view of the spinneret orifice 43 of the present invention, each of the spinneret mechanisms 23 is composed of an extrusion chamber 41, a transition chamber 42 and a spinneret orifice 43, the transition chamber 42 is communicated with the extrusion chamber 41 and the spinneret orifice 43, the depth of the spinneret orifice 43 is 0.5mm, and the diameter of the spinneret orifice is 1.6 mm.
As shown in fig. 3, the cross-sectional shape of the spinneret orifice 43 is different cross-shaped as shown in fig. 1, the spinneret orifice 43 is formed by overlapping and communicating a transverse spinneret orifice 432 and a longitudinal spinneret orifice 431, the transverse spinneret orifice 432 and the longitudinal spinneret orifice 431 have different lengths, the transverse spinneret orifice 432 has a length of 1.09mm, the longitudinal spinneret orifice 431 has a length of 1.6mm, the longitudinal spinneret orifice 431 is divided into a short blade and a long blade, the short blade has a length of 0.51mm, the long blade has a length of 1.02mm, the transverse spinneret orifice 432 and the longitudinal spinneret orifice 431 both have a width of 0.07mm, and the long blades of the spinneret orifice 43 face the axial center of the diversion groove 44.
Fig. 5 shows a flow chart of a method for preparing a bright polyester fiber of the present invention, and the method for preparing the bright polyester fiber specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing raw materials: placing the large bright polyester slices in drying equipment for drying for 12-13 h, wherein the water content of the obtained large bright polyester slices is 10-20 PPM;
step 2: melting and discharging: the method comprises the following steps of (1) extruding the dried bright polyester chips in the step (1) through a screw extruder (61) after sectional melting to form a bright polyester melt, wherein the melting temperature is 270-320 ℃, and then filtering the molten bright polyester melt through a melt filter (62) to obtain the bright polyester melt which can be used for direct spinning;
and step 3: and (3) stretching and forming: and (3) enabling the bright polyester melt prepared in the step (2) to enter a spinning manifold 64 through a melt distributor 63, conveying the melt to a spinning assembly 66 for spinning after being metered by a metering pump 65, extruding the melt from a spinneret plate, and then cooling the melt through a circular blowing system, oiling through an oil nozzle 69, treating through a pre-network 611, drafting through two hot rollers, and winding through a winding machine 615 to obtain the bright polyester fiber.
The oil agent containing crown ether is adopted in the oil nozzle oiling process in the step 2, the content of the crown ether is 67.30-85.58 wt%, the oil agent containing the crown ether is one or a mixture of 2-hydroxymethyl-12-crown-4 and 15-crown ether-5 or 2-hydroxymethyl-15-crown-5, and the oil agent containing the crown ether has the characteristics of low viscosity, good heat resistance, high oil film strength, good smoothness and strong antistatic property, so that higher temperature can be set in the hot roller stretching process, tows can be heated uniformly conveniently, the low shrinkage purpose is achieved, and the spinning stability and the fiber processing performance are improved.
Wherein, the spinning parameters of the super-large bright polyester fiber in the step 3 are as follows: the spinning temperature is 270-300 ℃, the cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃, the network pressure is 0.25-0.32 MPa, the speed of the first group of hot rollers 612 is 1600-2200 m/min, the temperature of the first group of hot rollers 612 is 80-90 ℃, the speed of the second group of hot rollers 613 is 3500-4300 m/min, the temperature of the second group of hot rollers 613 is 135-185 ℃, and the winding speed is 3500-4200 m/min.
Example 1
The cross section of the large bright polyester fiber is a cross shape, the cross section of the special cross is composed of a blade a, a blade b, a blade c and a blade d, the lengths of the blade a, the blade b and the blade c are equal, the length of the blade d is 2 times of the lengths of the other three blades, the lengths of the blade a, the blade b and the blade c are 0.51mm, and the length of the blade d is 1.02 mm.
A spinneret plate for large lustrous polyester fiber spinning is provided with three diversion trenches and a plurality of spinneret mechanisms, wherein each diversion trench is uniformly distributed with the plurality of spinneret mechanisms, the axes of the three diversion trenches are concentric, each spinneret mechanism consists of an extrusion cavity, a transition cavity and a spinneret orifice, the transition cavity is communicated with the extrusion cavity and the spinneret orifice, the depth of the spinneret orifice is 0.5mm, and the aperture is 1.6 mm;
the cross-sectional shape of the spinneret orifice is in a cross shape, the spinneret orifice is formed by overlapping and communicating a transverse spinneret orifice and a longitudinal spinneret orifice, the transverse spinneret orifice is different from the longitudinal spinneret orifice in length, the transverse spinneret orifice is 1.09mm in length, the longitudinal spinneret orifice is 1.6mm in length, the longitudinal spinneret orifice is divided into a short blade and a long blade, the short blade is 0.51mm in length, the long blade is 1.02mm in length, the transverse spinneret orifice and the longitudinal spinneret orifice are both 0.07mm in width, and the long blades of the spinneret orifice face the axis of the flow guide groove in a unified mode.
The spinneret plate comprises a spinneret plate body, wherein guide grooves arranged on a feeding surface of the spinneret plate body are a first guide groove, a second guide groove and a third guide groove in sequence from the outer side to the inner side, 12 spinning mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the first guide groove, 8 spinning mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the second guide groove, and 4 spinning mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the third guide groove.
The flow guide grooves on the spinneret plate are formed by two quadrangles, the two quadrangles are staggered and concentric, and the quadrangles are squares.
The preparation method of the bright polyester fiber comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing raw materials: placing the bright polyester slices in drying equipment for drying for 12.5h, wherein the water content of the dried bright polyester slices is 15 PPM;
step 2: the bright polyester chips dried in the step 1 are subjected to sectional melting and then extruded by a screw extruder to form a bright polyester melt, wherein the melting temperature is 300 ℃, and then the bright polyester melt after high-temperature melting is filtered by a melt filter to obtain the bright polyester melt which can be used for direct spinning;
and step 3: and (3) stretching and forming: and (3) enabling the bright polyester melt prepared in the step (2) to enter a spinning box body through a melt distributor, metering the melt by a metering pump, conveying the melt to a spinning assembly for spinning, extruding the melt from a spinneret plate, and then cooling by a circular air blowing system, oiling by an oil nozzle, drafting by two hot rollers, and winding by a winding machine to obtain the bright polyester fiber.
Wherein, the oil agent containing crown ether is adopted in the oil nozzle oiling process in the step 3, the content of the crown ether is 70wt percent, and the oil agent containing the crown ether is 2-hydroxymethyl-12-crown-4.
Wherein, the spinning parameters of the bright polyester fiber in the step 3 are as follows: the spinning temperature was 280 ℃, the cooling temperature was 22.5 ℃, the web pressure was 0.28MPa, the first set of hot rolls speed was 2000m/min, the first set of hot rolls temperature was 85 ℃, the second set of hot rolls speed was 3650m/min, the second set of hot rolls temperature was 150 ℃ and the winding speed was 3600 m/min.
The fiber fineness of the super bright polyester fiber is 160dtex, the breaking strength is 4.3cN/dtex, the oil content is 0.9%, the glossiness is 90%, and the full-curl rate is 99.9% through testing, the super bright polyester fiber is subjected to moisture absorption performance detection, a sample is dried and then placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with the relative humidity of 65% and the temperature of 20 ℃ for 24 hours, and a WS-2 micro moisture tester is adopted to test the water content of the sample fiber to be 2.3%. Therefore, the large bright polyester fiber has both the excess and moisture absorption and sweat releasing properties.
Example 2
The cross section of the large bright polyester fiber is a cross shape, the cross section of the special cross is composed of a blade a, a blade b, a blade c and a blade d, the lengths of the blade a, the blade b and the blade c are equal, the length of the blade d is 2 times of the lengths of the other three blades, the lengths of the blade a, the blade b and the blade c are 0.51mm, and the length of the blade d is 1.02 mm.
A spinneret plate for large lustrous polyester fiber spinning is provided with three diversion trenches and a plurality of spinneret mechanisms, wherein each diversion trench is uniformly distributed with the plurality of spinneret mechanisms, the axes of the three diversion trenches are concentric, each spinneret mechanism consists of an extrusion cavity, a transition cavity and a spinneret orifice, the transition cavity is communicated with the extrusion cavity and the spinneret orifice, the depth of the spinneret orifice is 0.5mm, and the aperture is 1.6 mm;
the cross-sectional shape of the spinneret orifice is in a cross shape, the spinneret orifice is formed by overlapping and communicating a transverse spinneret orifice and a longitudinal spinneret orifice, the transverse spinneret orifice is different from the longitudinal spinneret orifice in length, the transverse spinneret orifice is 1.09mm in length, the longitudinal spinneret orifice is 1.6mm in length, the longitudinal spinneret orifice is divided into a short blade and a long blade, the short blade is 0.51mm in length, the long blade is 1.02mm in length, the transverse spinneret orifice and the longitudinal spinneret orifice are both 0.07mm in width, and the long blades of the spinneret orifice face the axis of the flow guide groove in a unified mode.
The spinneret plate comprises a spinneret plate body, wherein guide grooves arranged on a feeding surface of the spinneret plate body are a first guide groove, a second guide groove and a third guide groove in sequence from the outer side to the inner side, 12 spinning mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the first guide groove, 8 spinning mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the second guide groove, and 4 spinning mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the third guide groove.
The flow guide grooves on the spinneret plate are formed by two quadrangles, the two quadrangles are staggered and concentric, and the quadrangles are rhombuses.
The preparation method of the bright polyester fiber comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing raw materials: placing the large bright polyester slices in drying equipment for drying for 12 hours, wherein the water content of the dried large bright polyester slices is 20 PPM;
step 2: the bright polyester chips dried in the step 1 are subjected to sectional melting and then extruded by a screw extruder to form a bright polyester melt, wherein the melting temperature is 270 ℃, and then the bright polyester melt after high-temperature melting is filtered by a melt filter to obtain the bright polyester melt which can be used for direct spinning;
and step 3: and (3) stretching and forming: and (3) enabling the bright polyester melt prepared in the step (2) to enter a spinning box body through a melt distributor, metering the melt by a metering pump, conveying the melt to a spinning assembly for spinning, extruding the melt from a spinneret plate, and then cooling by a circular air blowing system, oiling by an oil nozzle, drafting by two hot rollers, and winding by a winding machine to obtain the bright polyester fiber.
Wherein, the oil agent containing crown ether is adopted in the oil nozzle oiling process in the step 3, the content of the crown ether is 67.30 wt%, and the oil agent containing the crown ether is 2-hydroxymethyl-15-crown-5.
Wherein, the spinning parameters of the bright polyester fiber in the step 3 are as follows: the spinning temperature was 270 ℃, the cooling temperature was 20 ℃, the network pressure was 0.25MPa, the first set of hot rolls speed was 1600m/min, the first set of hot rolls temperature was 80 ℃, the second set of hot rolls speed was 3550m/min, the second set of hot rolls temperature was 135 ℃ and the winding speed was 3500 m/min.
The fiber titer of the bright polyester fiber is 75dtex, the breaking strength is 3.8cN/dtex, the oil content is 0.88%, the glossiness is 80%, and the full-curl rate is 99.5% through tests, the moisture absorption performance of the bright polyester fiber is detected, a sample is dried and then placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with the relative humidity of 65% and the temperature of 20 ℃ for 24 hours, and a WS-2 micro moisture tester is adopted to test the moisture content of the sample fiber to be 4.3%. Therefore, the large bright polyester fiber has both the excess and moisture absorption and sweat releasing properties.
Example 3
The cross section of the large bright polyester fiber is a cross shape, the cross section of the special cross is composed of a blade a, a blade b, a blade c and a blade d, the lengths of the blade a, the blade b and the blade c are equal, the length of the blade d is 2 times of the lengths of the other three blades, the lengths of the blade a, the blade b and the blade c are 0.51mm, and the length of the blade d is 1.02 mm.
A spinneret plate for large lustrous polyester fiber spinning is provided with three diversion trenches and a plurality of spinneret mechanisms, wherein each diversion trench is uniformly distributed with the plurality of spinneret mechanisms, the axes of the three diversion trenches are concentric, each spinneret mechanism consists of an extrusion cavity, a transition cavity and a spinneret orifice, the transition cavity is communicated with the extrusion cavity and the spinneret orifice, the depth of the spinneret orifice is 0.5mm, and the aperture is 1.6 mm;
the cross-sectional shape of the spinneret orifice is in a cross shape, the spinneret orifice is formed by overlapping and communicating a transverse spinneret orifice and a longitudinal spinneret orifice, the transverse spinneret orifice is different from the longitudinal spinneret orifice in length, the transverse spinneret orifice is 1.09mm in length, the longitudinal spinneret orifice is 1.6mm in length, the longitudinal spinneret orifice is divided into a short blade and a long blade, the short blade is 0.51mm in length, the long blade is 1.02mm in length, the transverse spinneret orifice and the longitudinal spinneret orifice are both 0.07mm in width, and the long blades of the spinneret orifice face the axis of the flow guide groove in a unified mode.
The spinneret plate comprises a spinneret plate body, wherein guide grooves arranged on a feeding surface of the spinneret plate body are a first guide groove, a second guide groove and a third guide groove in sequence from the outer side to the inner side, 12 spinning mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the first guide groove, 8 spinning mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the second guide groove, and 4 spinning mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the third guide groove.
The flow guide grooves on the spinneret plate are formed by two quadrangles, the two quadrangles are staggered and concentric, and the quadrangles are squares.
The preparation method of the bright polyester fiber comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing raw materials: placing the large bright polyester slices in drying equipment for drying for 13h, wherein the water content of the dried large bright polyester slices is 10 PPM;
step 2: the method comprises the following steps of (1) extruding the large bright polyester chips dried in the step (1) through a screw extruder after sectional melting to form a large bright polyester melt, wherein the melting temperature is 270-320 ℃, and then filtering the large bright polyester melt after high-temperature melting through a melt filter to obtain the large bright polyester melt which can be used for direct spinning;
and step 3: and (3) stretching and forming: and (3) enabling the bright polyester melt prepared in the step (2) to enter a spinning box body through a melt distributor, metering the melt by a metering pump, conveying the melt to a spinning assembly for spinning, extruding the melt from a spinneret plate, and then cooling by a circular air blowing system, oiling by an oil nozzle, drafting by two hot rollers, and winding by a winding machine to obtain the bright polyester fiber.
Wherein, the oil agent containing crown ether is adopted in the oil nozzle oiling process in the step 3, the content of the crown ether is 85.58 wt%, and the oil agent containing the crown ether is a mixture of 2-hydroxymethyl-12-crown-4, 15-crown-5 and 2-hydroxymethyl-15-crown-5.
Wherein, the spinning parameters of the bright polyester fiber in the step 3 are as follows: the spinning temperature was 300 ℃, the cooling temperature was 25 ℃, the web pressure was 0.32MPa, the first set of hot roll speed was 2200m/min, the first set of hot roll temperature was 90 ℃, the second set of hot roll speed was 4300m/min, the second set of hot roll temperature was 185 ℃, and the winding speed was 4200 m/min.
The fiber titer of the super bright polyester fiber is 90dtex, the breaking strength is 5.6cN/dtex, the oil content is 0.92%, the glossiness is 95%, and the full-curl rate is 99% through testing, the super bright polyester fiber is subjected to moisture absorption performance detection, a sample is dried and then placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber with the relative humidity of 65% and the temperature of 20 ℃ for 24 hours, and a WS-2 micro moisture tester is adopted to test the moisture content of the sample fiber to be 0.3%. Therefore, the super bright polyester fiber has the characteristics of excess and moisture absorption and sweat release.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A spinneret plate for spinning bright polyester fibers is characterized in that: the spinneret plate comprises a spinneret plate, wherein a first diversion trench (24), a second diversion trench (21), a third diversion trench (25) and a plurality of spinneret mechanisms (23) are arranged on the spinneret plate, the plurality of spinneret mechanisms (23) are uniformly distributed on the first diversion trench (24), the second diversion trench (21) and the third diversion trench (25), the axes of the first diversion trench (24), the second diversion trench (21) and the third diversion trench (25) are concentric, each spinneret mechanism (23) is composed of an extrusion cavity (41), a transition cavity (42) and a spinneret hole (43), the transition cavity (42) is communicated with the extrusion cavity (41) and the spinneret hole (43), the depth of the spinneret hole (43) is 0.5mm, and the aperture is 1.6 mm;
the cross section of each spinneret orifice (43) is in an abnormal cross shape, each spinneret orifice (43) is formed by overlapping and communicating a transverse spinneret orifice (432) and a longitudinal spinneret orifice (431), the transverse spinneret orifice (432) and the longitudinal spinneret orifice (431) are different in length, the length of the transverse spinneret orifice (432) is 1.09mm, the length of the longitudinal spinneret orifice (431) is 1.6mm, the longitudinal spinneret orifice (431) is divided into a short blade and a long blade, the length of the short blade is 0.51mm, the length of the long blade is 1.02mm, the widths of the transverse spinneret orifice (432) and the longitudinal spinneret orifice (431) are both 0.07mm, and the long blade uniformly faces the axial centers of the first flow guide groove (24), the second flow guide groove (21) and the third flow guide groove (25); the section of the large bright polyester fiber is in a cross shape, the cross shape is formed by a horizontal straight line and a vertical straight line which are not equal in length, the cross section is formed by a blade a, a blade b, a blade c and a blade d, the lengths of the blade a, the blade b and the blade c are equal, and the length of the blade d is 2 times that of the blade b, the blade c and the blade d.
2. The spinneret plate according to claim 1, wherein said spinneret plate comprises: the length of the blade a, the length of the blade b and the length of the blade c are 0.51mm, and the length of the blade d is 1.02 mm.
3. The spinneret plate according to claim 1, wherein said spinneret plate comprises: the feeding surface (22) of the spinneret plate is sequentially provided with a first diversion trench (24), a second diversion trench (21) and a third diversion trench (25) from the outer side to the inner side, twelve spinneret mechanisms (23) are uniformly arranged along the first diversion trench (24), eight spinneret mechanisms (23) are uniformly arranged along the second diversion trench (21), and four spinneret mechanisms (23) are uniformly arranged along the third diversion trench (25).
4. The spinneret plate according to claim 1, wherein said spinneret plate comprises: the first diversion trench (24), the second diversion trench (21) and the third diversion trench (25) are all composed of two quadrangles, the two quadrangles are staggered and concentric, and the quadrangles are squares or rhombuses.
5. A method for preparing a large lustrous polyester fibre using a spinneret according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing raw materials: placing the bright polyester slices in drying equipment for drying for 12-13 h;
step 2: melting and discharging: the method comprises the following steps of (1) extruding the dried bright polyester chips in the step (1) through a screw extruder after sectional melting to form a bright polyester melt, wherein the melting temperature is 270-320 ℃, and then filtering the molten bright polyester melt through a melt filter to obtain the bright polyester melt which can be used for direct spinning;
and step 3: and (3) stretching and forming: and (3) enabling the bright polyester melt prepared in the step (2) to enter a spinning box body through a melt distributor, metering the melt by a metering pump, conveying the melt to a spinning assembly for spinning, extruding the melt from a spinneret plate, and then cooling by a circular air blowing system, oiling by an oil nozzle, drafting by two hot rollers, and winding by a winding machine to obtain the bright polyester fiber.
6. The method for preparing the bright polyester fiber according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the water content of the large bright section dried in the step 1 is 10-20 PPM.
7. The method for preparing the bright polyester fiber according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the oil preparation agent containing crown ether is adopted in the oil nozzle oiling process in the step 3, and the content of the crown ether is 67.30-85.58 wt%.
8. The method for preparing the bright polyester fiber according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the oil containing crown ether is one or two of 2-hydroxymethyl-12-crown-4, 15-crown-5 and 2-hydroxymethyl-15-crown-5.
9. The method for preparing the bright polyester fiber according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the spinning parameters of the bright polyester fiber in the step 3 are as follows: the spinning temperature is 270-300 ℃, the cooling temperature is 18-25 ℃, the network pressure is 0.25-0.32 MPa, the speed of a first group of hot rollers is 1600-2200 m/min, the temperature of the first group of hot rollers is 80-90 ℃, the speed of a second group of hot rollers is 3500-4300 m/min, the temperature of the second group of hot rollers is 135-185 ℃, and the winding speed is 3500-4200 m/min.
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| CN116732623B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2024-02-20 | 桐昆集团浙江恒通化纤有限公司 | Moisture-absorbing sweat-releasing polyester fiber and preparation method thereof |
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