CN109023564A - A kind of preparation method of polylactic acid coloured cut staple - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of polylactic acid coloured cut staple Download PDFInfo
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- CN109023564A CN109023564A CN201811076221.1A CN201811076221A CN109023564A CN 109023564 A CN109023564 A CN 109023564A CN 201811076221 A CN201811076221 A CN 201811076221A CN 109023564 A CN109023564 A CN 109023564A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/10—Filtering or de-aerating the spinning solution or melt
- D01D1/106—Filtering
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
- D01D10/02—Heat treatment
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
- D01D5/092—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/096—Humidity control, or oiling, of filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/04—Pigments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
- D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of polylactic acid coloured cut staple, polylactic acid coloured cut staple is made using fibre-grade polylactic acid (PLA) and Masterbatch as raw material, by vacuum drying, Screw Extrusion melting, spinneret, cooling, boundling, drawing-off, heat treatment, tow crimping and Cutting process process in this method.The process route of the method for the present invention is simple, polylactic acid coloured cut staple obtained is had excellent performance after batch industrialization, the line density of staple fiber is 0.56dtex~6.67dtex, and overall target fully meets knitting, Woven Yarn line needs, has preferable market application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to staple fiber preparation technical fields, more particularly to a kind of system of polylactic acid (PLA) coloured cut staple
Preparation Method.
Background technique
Polylactic acid (PLA) fiber is that have one of most development prospect " green fiber " at present, have it is environmentally friendly, nontoxic,
Antibacterial, fire-retardant, hypo-allergenic, degradable, the reproducible advantage of raw material.Acid fiber by polylactic is with excellent physical characteristic and widely
Purposes, dry and wet intensity and initial modulus be high, good stability of the dimension, the intensity of comfortable, viscose glue the pendency of fabric collection cotton, terylene
With the feel of silk, wearability is excellent, is widely used in the neck such as clothes, fabric, underwear, home textile, Wei Cai, health care product
Domain.
Polylactic resin can be formed by lactide ring-opening polymerisation, can also be obtained by direct polycondensation of lactic acid.Lactic acid can be by starch
Fermentation obtains, and starch source is extensive, and reproducible natural plants such as sweet potato, corn and other cereal all can be used as its original
Material.In addition, controllable speed carries out being decomposed into carbon dioxide and water poly-lactic acid products waste in nature, have very good
Good environment protecting.Therefore, as a kind of ideal green fiber, polylactic acid has the wide prospect of the application of sustainable development,
The exploitation and application of the fiber are one of the approach for solving white pollution, undoubtedly have good social benefit and development prospect.
Fiber can be made by solution-polymerized SBR and melt spinning in polylactic acid.Currently, the common solvent of solution-polymerized SBR has two
Chloromethanes, chloroform, toluene, but due to toxic solvent, spinning environment is severe, and the process is more complicated, difficult solvent recovery, limit
Its industrialized production is made.Polylactic acid could be used that meltspun equipment carry out melt spinning, therefore, melt spinning more it is promising simultaneously
Mainstream as industrialized production.Foreign countries are more early to the research of polylactic acid spinning, in contrast, the production technology of domestic polylactic acid
Still belong to the starting stage, and to the processing of polylactic acid mostly plastics again, especially work less to the production technology research of fibre spinning
The production of the acid fiber by polylactic of industry, it is domestic substantially or blank.
In the textile industry, market need are just able to satisfy since most fabric needs to be carried out collocation by various colors
It asks, therefore, it is necessary to obtain the fiber or fabric of different colours by dyeing.Acid fiber by polylactic belongs to a kind of tencel, different
In the various performances of the natural fibers such as the petroleum bases such as traditional terylene fiber and cotton, with hydrophobicity, non-refractory, intolerant to strong
The characteristic of sour highly basic and facile hydrolysis needs if the dyeings set such as traditional terylene, cotton is simply used for acid fiber by polylactic
Technological parameter that will be very harsh, even if fugitive color can not be adapted to industrialized production in this way, its product color fastness is not high, from
And the popularization and application that acid fiber by polylactic will be limited significantly.The coloured slice spinning of polylactic acid is different from conventional spinning, poly-lactic acid material
Sensitive characteristic, determine its cannot as it is conventional have color spinning select common dye, polylactic acid colored fibre selects special dye
Material, it is necessary to make Masterbatch by carrier of poly-lactic acid material, and Masterbatch and slice pass through special Screw Extrusion after mixing
Machine melting extrusion is to filament spinning component.In addition, the dyeing of fiber or fabric, dyeing and finishing need to expend the energy such as a large amount of water, electricity, vapour,
Production cost is improved, and there are environmental issues very serious, are advocating low-carbon, energy conservation and environmentally protective today, gathered
There is an urgent need to make the transition to adapt to the social desirability of sustainable Green Development for the dyeing of acid fiber.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of preparation sides of polylactic acid coloured cut staple
Method.
Another object of the present invention is to provide polylactic acid coloured cut staples made from above-mentioned preparation method.
A kind of preparation method of polylactic acid coloured cut staple provided by the invention, including preceding spinning and rear spinning step, before described
Spin the following steps are included: will fibre-grade polylactic acid slice and Masterbatch mix after to carry out rotary-drum vacuum dry, then by 235 DEG C~
250 DEG C of screw extrudings melt, spinning manifold component spinneret after melt filtration, and spinning body temperature is 235 DEG C~250 DEG C；Spinneret
It is cooled and shaped afterwards and obtains as-spun fibre, as-spun fibre boundling oils, falls bucket；
Spun after described step include: successively carry out after as-spun fibre boundling seal wire, immersion oil, first of drawing-off, oil bath drawing-off,
It is second drawing-off, steam water-bath, the drawing-off of third road, nervous thermal finalization, chilling spray, traction, folded silk, steam ironing, curling, defeated
It send, relaxation heat setting, traction cutting, be packaged.
In preparation method of the invention, it is contemplated that the addition of Masterbatch will affect the spinnability of polylactic acid, coloring effect with
Physical and mechanical property, therefore, it is necessary to control the additive amount of Masterbatch.The additive amount of Masterbatch of the present invention is polylactic acid
1.5wt%~12.5wt%.To guarantee uniform coloring, Masterbatch will be sufficiently mixed with polylactic acid slice.
Since polylactic acid contains ester bond, ester bond can be hydrolyzed under aqueous high and high-temperature condition, to cause molecule matter
Amount decline.In addition, the moisture in polylactic acid slice will form bubble in spinning, bubble is mixed in melt stream, is easily produced
Raw spinning is floatd silk, lousiness, fracture of wire, and aqueous high polylactic acid slice enters after screw extruding and easily causes ring knot resistance material, because
This, it is necessary to slice is dried before melt spinning, the water content being sliced with strict control.
When fibre-grade polylactic acid slice enters rotary-drum vacuum drying in spinning step before determining after present invention optimization technique, temperature
It is 95 DEG C~105 DEG C, drying time is 10h~12h, slice water content≤0.03 ‰ after drying.
When polylactic acid melt passes through spinneret micropore by screw extruder melting extrusion, if containing gel particles in melt
Son, impurity equidimension are larger, will be blocking microporous, cause micropore abnormal, slurry silk occur, and fault broken end seriously affects product matter
Amount, and polylactic acid spinning temperature is low compared with terylene spinning temperature, therefore, in preparation method provided by the invention, in melt filtration
Using 5 layers of filter screen, filtering accuracy is 20 μm~25 μm, and strainer is 50 mesh~200 mesh composite filter net, and filter sand uses 20
Mesh sea sand.High request of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber to melt quality uniformity, purity, stable product quality are met, component makes
It is then more satisfactory with the period.
Above-mentioned filtering accuracy and selection sea sand mesh number are comprehensive according to filament spinning component specification and spinning pressure control parameter
It considers.If such as 40 mesh will cause spinning pressure fluctuation greatly, and as-spun fibre index is unqualified using other specification sea sands.
Since spinneret micropore is tiny, component filter, filter screen configuration mesh number are increased, melt flow resistance in assembly
Increase, mobile performance is deteriorated, while melt quality will meet uniform, reduction aggregated particle and generate, therefore spinning temperature control is non-
It is often important.In preparation method of the present invention, at 235 DEG C -250 DEG C, melt flow is good, can make for screw rod, spinning body temperature control
High elastic deformation slack time shortens, and advantageously reduces melt bulking effect, prevents melt fracture, but spinning temperature is unsuitable excessively high,
Otherwise easily make melt degradation serious, it is normal not can guarantee spinning.
Present invention control circular blow wind wind pressure when being cooled and shaped is 200pa~800pa, and wind-warm syndrome is 18 DEG C~24 DEG C, wind speed
For 1.2m/s~2.5m/s.Wind speed is too high or too low, and the section irregularity (DVC) of precursor is all higher.Wind speed is too low, as-spun fibre
Speed difference is cooled and solidified on section with regard to small, effect is poor from rolling up；Wind speed is excessively high, and strand disturbance is big, is unfavorable for spinning, drawing-off.It is excessively high
Wind speed as-spun fibre pre-orientation degree can be made higher, thus in drawing-off generate transition drawing-off, cause lousiness, broken end, curling round the roll increase
More, drafting process cannot proceed normally, and the reduction of macromolecular contractility be also resulted in, so that fiber crimp and fluffy performance are anti-
And decline.
In the preceding spinning step of preparation method of the present invention, when boundling oils, oil concentration is 0.8%~2.0% for preceding spinning.Afterwards
It spinning in step in oil bath drawing-off, oil concentration is 1.0%~2.0%, when chilling spray, oil concentration is 2.0%~
5.0%.The regain of acid fiber by polylactic is lower, dielectric constant is smaller, and coefficient of friction is higher, it is therefore necessary to use finish.Oil
Agent is mainly made of surfactant, can form the adsorption layer of orientation, i.e. oil film on chemical fibre surface.Oil film can reduce fiber
Sheet resistance increases electric action, and fiber is isolated in oil film, and has certain affinity to fiber, it is made to generate certain collection
Beam and will not be at random.Oil film also assigns fiber certain flatness.Therefore, finish generally have it is smooth, antistatic, have boundling
Or the effects of obvolvent, front and back spin production process in be both needed to using.
In the preceding spinning step of preparation method of the present invention, when falling barrel, spinning speed is 800m/min~1500m/min.It spins
Silk speed mainly influences the pre-orientation degree of as-spun fibre.Similar with other high molecular materials, spinning speed is higher, and the degree of orientation is also got over
Greatly, post-tensioning multiplying power is also lower.On the other hand, when the spinning melt of high temperature is extruded spinneret orifice, the oxygen in air can be touched
Gas and moisture and thermal degradation and hydrolysis occurs, cause relative molecular mass to decline；As spinning speed becomes larger, spinning melt contact
The time of air can shorten, and the time that thermal degradation and hydrolysis occurs shortens, so relative molecular mass loss can be smaller.Therefore,
Higher spinning speed advantageously ensures that the quality of acid fiber by polylactic, when certainly excessively high spinning speed can also make polylactic acid crystal
Between it is too short, crystallization not exclusively, easily break end.Therefore, the selection of spinning speed can spin overall craft according to front and back and account for.Suitable
In suitable range, higher spinning speed may be selected, both can guarantee product quality, can also improve yield.
The drawing-off of as-spun fibre is molecule segment under external force along fiber axial orientation, and improves intensity and other machines
The process of tool performance.This requires oil bath drawing-offs to keep tow in certain temperature, has the molecule segment being drafted enough
Activity.When temperature is relatively low, using the positive action of mechanical force, high polymer can also be made to generate certain orientation, but at this time
The internal stress of fiber is very big, and drawing point is unstable, and tow whitens, is hot, or even can generate lousiness and broken end, easy curling round the roll.Work as temperature
When spending high, the plastic deformation of tow is greatly increased, and tow fracture easily occurs, meanwhile, temperature is excessively high so that crystallization rate is increased,
Increase tensile stress instead, tow easy fracture when driving.Therefore, preferable oil bath temperature should be higher than that the glass transition of fiber
Temperature reduces tensile stress to promote molecule segment to move, and is conducive to stretching and goes on smoothly.Therefore the present invention is in rear spinning step
In, temperature is 40 DEG C~50 DEG C when immersion oil；When oil bath drawing-off, temperature is 70 DEG C~80 DEG C；When steam water-bath, temperature be 85 DEG C~
100℃。
Drafting multiple selection should be between as-spun fibre maximal draw ratio and natural draw ratio, if because drafting multiple is less than
Natural drawing multiple, the then thin neck that is stretched in fiber not yet expand to entire fiber, necessarily include more undrawn yarn, in this way
Fiber there is no practical value, and when drafting multiple reaches maximum multiple, fiber will be broken.It is insufficient when drafting multiple is less than normal
To pull open the difference of fibre section microstructure, rolled efficiency cannot be fully demonstrated；Drafting multiple is bigger than normal, then can accelerate macromolecular
Axial alignment homogenization makes from reduced capability is rolled up, and for crimped fibre in drafting process, drafting multiple is not unalterable.
Under the premise of meeting quality, in the present invention, the rear draft speed for spinning the first, second and third drawing-off is 20m/min~150m/
Min, total draft multiple are 3.0~5.0.
In the rear spinning step of preparation method provided by the invention, when nervous thermal finalization, heat setting temperature is 80 DEG C~130
DEG C, heat-setting time is 5.2s~13.2s；When relaxation heat setting, heat setting temperature is 50 DEG C~70 DEG C, and heat-setting time is
15min~20min.Since as-spun fibre internal microstructure has differences, existing macromolecular plastic deformation after stretching, outside
After power disappears, high elastic deformation relaxation simultaneously generates different blockage effects around axial torsion, and forms spirality crimping, but at this time
Fibrous inner structure is not yet fixed, and dimensional stability is poor, and crystallinity is lower, and high elastic deformation slack time at low temperature
It is longer, it is therefore necessary to shorten macromolecular slack time by way of thermal finalization, fibre crystallinity be improved, to promote fiber
Intensity and physical mechanical property.
It is spun in step after preparation method provided by the invention, carries out machine crimp using crimping machine, when curling, crimping machine speed
Degree is 63.0m/min~157.5m/min, and the main pressure pressure of crimping wheel is 0.1MPa~0.15MPa, and crimping wheel back-pressure is
0.02MPa~0.05MPa.To improve rolled efficiency, fiber needs to carry out ironing before crimping.In the present invention when steam ironing,
Temperature is 80 DEG C~100 DEG C.The surface smoother of general fiber, the cohesive force between fiber is smaller, is unfavorable for textile process.
By carrying out chemistry, physics or machine crimp deformation processing to fiber, assigns fiber certain curling, can effectively improve fibre
The coherent of dimension, while increasing the bulkiness and elasticity of fiber.
The present invention provides polylactic acid coloured cut staples made from above-mentioned preparation method.
The polylactic acid that the polylactic acid coloured cut staple preparation method that the present invention is designed for the characteristic of polylactic acid slice obtains
Its dry homogeneity of coloured cut staple is good, and strip dry uniformity variant coefficient CV can reach 15% or less；Coloring is good, dye-uptake
Height, polylactic acid short-fiber length is controllable, and fibre length can be controlled in cut off operation, passes through cutoff tool in control Cutting cutter
Spacing obtains the fiber of different length, such as 31mm, 33mm, 35mm, 38mm；The items product such as intensity and elongation at break refers to
Mark can be adjusted as needed, and products obtained therefrom can fully meet requirements of the application requirement that there are the fields such as spinning and nonwoven in downstream.In addition
The above-mentioned technique of the present invention can also produce the doughnuts such as 2 holes, 4 holes, 6 holes, 9 holes, and degree of hollowness is high, and compression resilience keeps warm
Property, bulkiness, good permeability, can be used as all kinds of packing materials and use.The process route of the method for the present invention is simple, batch industrialization
Polylactic acid coloured cut staple obtained is had excellent performance afterwards, stable product quality, the line density of coloured cut staple be 0.56dtex~
6.67dtex, overall target fully meet knitting, Woven Yarn line needs, have preferable market application value.
Specific embodiment
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter and the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art
It is identical.Technical term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, is not intended to the limitation present invention
Protection scope.Except there is a special instruction, the various reagents used in the present invention, raw material are can commodity commercially
Or it can the product as made from well known method.Fibre-grade polylactic acid slice used in embodiment is purchased from U.S. Nature
Works company, Masterbatch are purchased from Suzhou Bao Li plastic material Co., Ltd.Line density test is using GBT 14335-2008 chemistry
Fiber staple line density test method.
The preparation (1) of 1 polylactic acid coloured cut staple of embodiment
(1) step is spun before
Drum dried: the blue Masterbatch for accounting for polylactic acid slice weight 7% is sufficiently mixed with polylactic acid slice, is sent later
Enter in vacuum drum drying machine, using 95 DEG C of dry 12h, feed moisture content is 0.026% after measuring drying.
Melt spinning: by the feedstock transportation after drying into screw extruder heating melting, and by spinning pack to molten
Body is filtered, spinneret, forms as-spun fibre.Screw rod, condition of spinning manifold temperature are 238 DEG C when the described heating melting；Melt filtration
Shi Xuanyong filtering accuracy is 20 μm~25 μm, and strainer is 50 mesh~200 mesh composite filter net, and filter sand uses the sea of 20 mesh
Sand.
It is cooled and shaped: as-spun fibre is formed by ring wind quenching.The ring blowing air pressure is 240Pa, and wind-warm syndrome is
20 DEG C, wind speed 1.4m/s；
Boundling oils and falls bucket: the as-spun fibre of cooling and shaping is rolled up through oiling machine oiling cluster, and through dragger, feeding machine
Around feeding fiber barrel.Oil concentration when oiling is 1.0%, and spinning speed is 1200m/min when falling barrel.
(2) step is spun afterwards
Boundling, seal wire, immersion oil, drawing-off: will it is preceding spin obtain as-spun fibre boundling after pass sequentially through guiding machine, immersion cell,
First drafting machine, oil bath drawing-off slot, the second drafting machine, steam water bath, third drafting machine carry out drawing-off to as-spun fibre, to take
To crystallization, physical mechanical property is improved.Drafting multiple is 3.4 times.The immersion cell temperature is 45 DEG C, the first drafting machine speed
For 23.5m/min, 68 DEG C of degree of oil bath drawing-off bath temperature, the second drafting machine speed is 72.0m/min, 90 DEG C of steam water bath temperature,
Third drafting machine speed is 80.0m/min.The oil bath drawing-off slot oil concentration is 1.8%.
Nervous thermal finalization, chilling spray, steam ironing, curling: the as-spun fibre after drawing-off is passed through into tension-setting machine
Thermal finalization is carried out, is oiled cooling by chilling spray slot later, steam preheating case is sent into using dragger and folded silk machine and carries out
Steam ironing is sent into crimping machine and is crimped molding to silk piece later.The nervous heat setting temperature is 100 DEG C, thermal finalization
Time is 9.9s, and chilling spray oil concentration is 4.0%, and steam ironing temperature is 85 DEG C, and crimping machine speed is 84.0m/min,
The main pressure pressure of crimping wheel is 0.12MPa, and crimping wheel back pressure is 0.024MPa.
Relaxation heat setting: the tow after curling, which is sent into loosening heat setting machine, carries out laxation shaping.The laxation shaping
Temperature is 55 DEG C, setting time 20min.
Traction cutting is packaged: the tow after laxation shaping being sent into cutting machine by traction tensioner and is cut off, and is beaten
Chartered plane, which is packaged, obtains 6.67dtex polylactic acid blue staple fiber finished product.Through detecting, the fastness to rubbing of the fiber and water-fastness jail
Degree is 5 grades.
The preparation (2) of 2 polylactic acid coloured cut staple of embodiment
(1) step is spun before
Drum dried: the red Masterbatch for accounting for polylactic acid slice weight 5% is sufficiently mixed with polylactic acid slice, is sent later
Enter in vacuum drum drying machine, using 100 DEG C of dry 11h, feed moisture content is 0.025% after measuring drying.
Melt spinning: by the feedstock transportation after drying into screw extruder heating melting, and by spinning pack to molten
Body is filtered, spinneret, forms as-spun fibre.Screw rod, condition of spinning manifold temperature are 242 DEG C when the described heating melting；Melt filtration
Shi Xuanyong filtering accuracy is 20 μm~25 μm, and strainer is 50 mesh~200 mesh composite filter net, and filter sand uses the sea of 20 mesh
Sand.
It is cooled and shaped: as-spun fibre is formed by ring wind quenching.The ring blowing air pressure is 330Pa, and wind-warm syndrome is
22 DEG C, wind speed 1.5m/s；
Boundling oils and falls bucket: the as-spun fibre of cooling and shaping is rolled up through oiling machine oiling cluster, and through dragger, feeding machine
Around feeding fiber barrel.Oil concentration when oiling is 1.5%, and spinning speed is 1100m/min when falling barrel.
(2) step is spun afterwards
Boundling, seal wire, immersion oil, drawing-off: will it is preceding spin obtain as-spun fibre boundling after pass sequentially through guiding machine, immersion cell,
First drafting machine, oil bath drawing-off slot, the second drafting machine, steam water bath, third drafting machine carry out drawing-off to as-spun fibre, to take
To crystallization, physical mechanical property is improved.Drafting multiple is 4.4 times.The immersion cell temperature is 47 DEG C, the first drafting machine speed
For 22.7m/min, 72 DEG C of degree of oil bath drawing-off bath temperature, the second drafting machine speed is 90.0m/min, 92 DEG C of steam water bath temperature,
Third drafting machine speed is 100.0m/min.The oil bath drawing-off slot oil concentration is 1.6%.
Nervous thermal finalization, chilling spray, steam ironing, curling: the as-spun fibre after drawing-off is passed through into tension-setting machine
Thermal finalization is carried out, is oiled cooling by chilling spray slot later, steam preheating case is sent into using dragger and folded silk machine and carries out
Steam ironing is sent into crimping machine and is crimped molding to silk piece later.The nervous heat setting temperature is 110 DEG C, thermal finalization
Time is 7..9s, and chilling spray oil concentration is 4.2%, and steam ironing temperature is 88 DEG C, and crimping machine speed is 105.0m/
Min, the main pressure pressure of crimping wheel are 0.12MPa, and crimping wheel back pressure is 0.04MPa.
Relaxation heat setting: the tow after curling, which is sent into loosening heat setting machine, carries out laxation shaping.The laxation shaping
Temperature is 60 DEG C, setting time 16min.
Traction cutting is packaged: the tow after laxation shaping being sent into cutting machine by traction tensioner and is cut off, and is beaten
Chartered plane, which is packaged, obtains 1.67dtex polylactic acid red staple fiber finished product.Through detecting, the fastness to rubbing of the fiber and water-fastness jail
Degree is 5 grades.
The preparation (3) of 3 polylactic acid coloured cut staple of embodiment
(1) step is spun before
Drum dried: the black Masterbatch and the polylactic acid slice that account for polylactic acid slice weight 2% are sufficiently mixed, sent later
Enter in vacuum drum drying machine, using 105 DEG C of dry 12h, feed moisture content is 0.022% after measuring drying.
Melt spinning: by the feedstock transportation after drying into screw extruder heating melting, and by spinning pack to molten
Body is filtered, spinneret, forms as-spun fibre.Screw rod, condition of spinning manifold temperature are 245 DEG C when the described heating melting；Melt filtration
Shi Xuanyong filtering accuracy is 20 μm~25 μm, and strainer is 50 mesh~200 mesh composite filter net, and filter sand uses the sea of 20 mesh
Sand.
It is cooled and shaped: as-spun fibre is formed by ring wind quenching.The ring blowing air pressure is 600Pa, and wind-warm syndrome is
22 DEG C, wind speed 2.2m/s；
Boundling oils and falls bucket: the as-spun fibre of cooling and shaping is rolled up through oiling machine oiling cluster, and through dragger, feeding machine
Around feeding fiber barrel.Oil concentration when oiling is 2.0%, and spinning speed is 1000m/min when falling barrel.
(2) step is spun afterwards
Boundling, seal wire, immersion oil, drawing-off: will it is preceding spin obtain as-spun fibre boundling after pass sequentially through guiding machine, immersion cell,
First drafting machine, oil bath drawing-off slot, the second drafting machine, steam water bath, third drafting machine carry out drawing-off to as-spun fibre, to take
To crystallization, physical mechanical property is improved.Drafting multiple is 4.8 times.The immersion cell temperature is 50 DEG C, the first drafting machine speed
For 27.1m/min, 75 DEG C of degree of oil bath drawing-off bath temperature, the second drafting machine speed is 117.0m/min, 98 DEG C of steam water bath temperature,
Third drafting machine speed is 130.0m/min.The oil bath drawing-off slot oil concentration is 1.5%.
Nervous thermal finalization, chilling spray, steam ironing, curling: the as-spun fibre after drawing-off is passed through into tension-setting machine
Thermal finalization is carried out, is oiled cooling by chilling spray slot later, steam preheating case is sent into using dragger and folded silk machine and carries out
Steam ironing is sent into crimping machine and is crimped molding to silk piece later.The nervous heat setting temperature is 115 DEG C, thermal finalization
Time is 6.1s, and chilling spray oil concentration is 4.5%, and steam ironing temperature is 92 DEG C, and crimping machine speed is 136.5m/min,
The main pressure pressure of crimping wheel is 0.14MPa, and crimping wheel back pressure is 0.05MPa.
Relaxation heat setting: the tow after curling, which is sent into loosening heat setting machine, carries out laxation shaping.The laxation shaping
Temperature is 65 DEG C, setting time 15min.
Traction cutting is packaged: the tow after laxation shaping being sent into cutting machine by traction tensioner and is cut off, and is beaten
Chartered plane, which is packaged, obtains 0.89dtex polylactic acid black staple finished product.Through detecting, the fastness to rubbing of the fiber and water-fastness jail
Degree is 4 grades.
Above embodiment be only preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described, not to the scope of the present invention into
Row limits, and without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, this field ordinary engineering and technical personnel is to technical side of the invention
The all variations and modifications that case is made, should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of polylactic acid coloured cut staple, which is characterized in that including preceding spinning and rear spinning step, spin packet before described
It includes following steps: it is dry to carry out rotary-drum vacuum after fibre-grade polylactic acid slice and Masterbatch are mixed, then passes through 235 DEG C~250
The melting of DEG C screw extruding, spinning manifold component spinneret after melt filtration, spinning body temperature is 235 DEG C~250 DEG C；It is cold after spinneret
But molding obtains as-spun fibre, and as-spun fibre boundling oils, falls bucket；
It includes: successively to carry out seal wire, immersion oil, first of drawing-off, oil bath drawing-off, second after as-spun fibre boundling that step is spun after described
Road drawing-off, steam water-bath, the drawing-off of third road, nervous thermal finalization, chilling spray, traction, folded silk, steam ironing, curling, conveying,
Relaxation heat setting, is packaged traction cutting.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in preceding spinning step, Masterbatch is according to polylactic acid slice
The 1.5%~12.5% of weight is added, and enters that rotary-drum vacuum is dry, and temperature is 95 DEG C~105 DEG C after mixing, and drying time is
10h~12h, slice water content≤0.03 ‰ after drying.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in preceding spinning step, in melt filtration, melt filtration
Filtering accuracy be 20 μm~25 μm, strainer be 50 mesh~200 mesh composite filter net, filter sand use 20 mesh sea sands.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when spinning manifold component spinneret, screw rod, spinning manifold
Temperature is 235 DEG C~250 DEG C；When leaving the monofilament cooling and shaping of spinneret, ring blowing air pressure is 200Pa~800Pa, and wind-warm syndrome is
18 DEG C~24 DEG C, wind speed is 1.2m/s~2.5m/s.
5. preparation method according to claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that in preceding spinning step, when boundling oils, finish
Concentration is 0.8%~2.0%；When falling barrel, spinning speed is 800m/min~1500m/min.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that rear to spin in step, the first, second and third drawing-off is led
Stretching speed is 20m/min~150m/min, and total draft multiple is 3.0~5.0.
7. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that rear to spin in step, when immersion oil, temperature is 40 DEG C~50
℃；When oil bath drawing-off, temperature is 70 DEG C~80 DEG C, and oil concentration is 1.0%~2.0%.
8. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that rear to spin in step, when steam water-bath, temperature is 85 DEG C
~100 DEG C；When nervous thermal finalization, heat setting temperature is 80 DEG C~130 DEG C, and heat-setting time is 5.2s~13.2s；Chilling spray
When, oil concentration is 2.0%~5.0%；When steam ironing, temperature is 80 DEG C~100 DEG C.
9. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that rear to spin in step, when curling, crimping machine speed is
63.0m/min~157.5m/min, the main pressure pressure of crimping wheel are 0.1MPa~0.15MPa, and crimping wheel is 0.02MPa by pressure pressure
~0.05MPa；When relaxation heat setting, heat setting temperature is 50 DEG C~70 DEG C, and heat-setting time is 15min~20min.
10. polylactic acid coloured cut staple made from any preparation method of claim 1-9.
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| CN109629039A (en) * | 2018-12-23 | 2019-04-16 | 马子男 | A kind of manufacturing method of coloured anti-bacterial zein fiber long filament |
| CN113026129A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-25 | 苏州盟红新材料科技有限公司 | Heat setting method of high-heat-resistance polylactic acid fiber |
| CN113355756A (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2021-09-07 | 东部湾(扬州)生物新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of environment-friendly composite fiber for sanitary materials |
| CN114592253A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-06-07 | 安徽丰原生物纤维股份有限公司 | Polylactic acid filament and preparation method thereof |
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