CN111248877A - 一种心梗预警系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种心梗预警系统；包括智能手环，智能手表，心前区温度传感器模块，心梗预警信息处理系统，无线信息传输模块，电源模块；智能手环、智能手表、心前区温度传感器采集的各类数据传输到心梗预警信息处理系统，采用先行指标预警方法和状态识别、特征提取预警方法，预警心梗；两种方法同时预警的情况确定为预警的最严重等级；两种预警方法的指标体系至少包括心电信号、心率变异性指标、心率震荡指标、收缩压数据、脉压数据、心前区温度数据、血糖数据、血脂数据。本发明可以大幅提高心梗预警的准确性，而且使用方便、成本较低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械技术领域，涉及一种心梗预警系统；特别适用于利用可穿戴设备做心梗预警。
背景技术
心脏病患者的增多和许多国家进入老龄社会，对心梗预警提出了越来越高的要求。在我国，因心血管疾病而死亡的人数占总死亡人数的44%。除却健康的生活方式外，及时准确地获得心脏活动的各类信息，对于防治心血管疾病有着重要的意义。
过去的心梗预警以血液指标为主，可穿戴设备的发展，为采集人体生理信息提供了便利，也为新的心梗预警方法打下了良好的基础。
尤其的低成本的获取连续的生理信号，意义很大。
低成本、高准确性的心梗预警，成为一个迫切的技术需求和市场需求，本发明为此提供了解决方案。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种心梗预警系统，以解决临床对心梗预警低成本、高准确性的需求。
本发明包括一种心梗预警系统；包括智能手环，智能手表，心前区温度传感器模块，心梗预警信息处理系统，无线信息传输模块，电源模块；智能手环、智能手表、心前区温度传感器采集的各类数据传输到心梗预警信息处理系统，采用先行指标预警方法和状态识别、特征提取预警方法，预警心梗；两种方法同时预警的情况确定为预警的最严重等级；两种预警方法的指标体系至少包括心电信号、心率变异性指标、心率震荡指标、收缩压数据、脉压数据、心前区温度数据、室温数据、室外温数据、心前区温度变化斜率、心前区温度变化幅度、心前区温度震荡频率、室温变化斜率、室温变化幅度、室温震荡频率、室外温变化斜率、室外温变化幅度、室外温震荡频率、血糖数据、血脂数据。
本发明的优点是：可穿戴设备采集生理信号，成本低，舒适性好；采用两种预警方法，提高了预警的准确性，降低了误报率，心脏病患者往往需要充足的睡眠，误报率高，尤其是睡眠期间的误报会打断休息，干扰情绪，增加心脏负担，本方法可以大幅降低误报。
先行指标预警方法，是计量经济学经常使用的预警方法，它利用指标体系中每一个指标与预警标的的时间先后关系，区分并且筛选先行指标、一致指标和滞后指标，利用先行指标对事件进行预警，是相当成熟的预警方法，本发明用这个方法处理可穿戴设备采集的生理信号，预警心梗。
状态识别、特征提取预警方法，是更加适合复杂系统的预警方法，对于指标体系内指标组合与预警标的的非线性相关的特点，可以比较好的把握。这种方法一般需要对数据划分为训练集、测试集和实际应用，采用机器学习、人工智能、数值分析等方法，对数据进行训练、测试和推广。是机器学习、人工智能应用的重要领域。
两种方法结合效果会进一步提高。
本发明的指标体系既包括了常见的心脏、血管相关指标，更包括了可穿戴设备开发之前不容易采集的心前区温度数据，最近，瑞典科学家发表在著名的《美国医学会杂志》上的一项跨度长达16年的队列研究数据分析显示：恶劣天气，尤其是低温，与心肌梗死风险升高关系密切；而低气压、较高的风速和较短的日照时间也是独立的心肌梗死诱因。
此项研究纳入1998至2013年间280873例因心梗入住冠心病监护病房的患者，其中92044例被诊断为ST段抬高型心肌梗死；274029例（97.6%）病人有天气数据记录，被纳入最终研究人群。分析发现，较低的气温和气压、较高的风速和较短的日照时间与心梗发生率增加相关，而气温与心梗的关联最为紧密，即气温每升高1个标准差（7.4℃），心梗风险则降低2.8%。
因寒冷与心血管事件密不可分，故寒冷地区高血压靶器官损害所致的心血管事件，在冬季表现得更为严重。研究表明，大气温度每下降10℃，总冠脉事件发生率增加13%，冠心病事件和死亡率增加11%，经常性事件增加26%。在此之前，中国疾病预防控制中心报道了一篇气温的季节性变化与心肌梗死的研究结果，此项研究收集、整理、分析了1079662例我国心血管疾病患者的数据，结果发现，与其他心血管疾病所致心力衰竭相比，心肌梗死引发的心力衰竭更易受气温所左右，在冬季心梗酿成的心力衰竭为42%，而在夏季这一比例仅为13%。
本发明通过心前区温度传感器、智能手环、智能手表的室温温度计和室外温温度数据，为相关的心梗预警提供了充分的技术支持。
可穿戴设备的技术进步可以提高检测数据的准确性，可以把过去只能通过血液采集的类型数据转化为可穿戴设备采集，所以本发明也可以包括其它生理信号，以更多的提高预警准确性。
不是冠状动脉血流中断后立即就出现心肌坏死，从血流中断到心肌出现不可逆的坏死，中间有一段时间，这就是医学上讲的间窗。如果能在这个时间窗内开通闭塞的冠状动脉，心肌就不会发生坏死。
目前有许多成熟的技术可开通早期闭塞的血管，但最关键的是时间，一个非常重要的理念就是“命系1小时”，这就是时间窗。时间窗没抓住，病人将付出致残、致死的代价。
本发明在心梗预警上将发挥重要作用。
附图说明
图1为本发明组成结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例如下。
患者佩戴智能手环、智能手表、心前区温度传感器贴，可穿戴设备采集生理信号和室温数据，收集网络传输的室外温数据，传输到心梗预警信息处理系统，采用先行指标预警方法和状态识别、特征提取预警方法，筛选指标，提前特征、训练数据，监测实时数据，实施预警，并且把预警信号通过智能手环、智能手表的铃声、震动等方式通知使用者。
随着患者个体化数据和使用人群的数据积累，准确率会逐步提高，相关大数据为总结规律，提高治疗个体化也有帮助。
本发明不仅限于上述实施方式所公开的技术手段，由以上技术特征任意组合、等同替代、变形所组成的技术方案，皆落入本发明的保护范围。
Claims (1)
1.一种心梗预警系统，其特征在于：包括智能手环，智能手表，心前区温度传感器模块，心梗预警信息处理系统，无线信息传输模块，电源模块；智能手环、智能手表、心前区温度传感器采集的各类数据传输到心梗预警信息处理系统，采用先行指标预警方法和状态识别、特征提取预警方法，预警心梗；两种方法同时预警的情况确定为预警的最严重等级；两种预警方法的指标体系至少包括心电信号、心率变异性指标、心率震荡指标、收缩压数据、脉压数据、心前区温度数据、室温数据、室外温数据、心前区温度变化斜率、心前区温度变化幅度、心前区温度震荡频率、室温变化斜率、室温变化幅度、室温震荡频率、室外温变化斜率、室外温变化幅度、室外温震荡频率、血糖数据、血脂数据。
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| CN112957021A (zh) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-15 | 贵州佳优康健科技有限责任公司 | 一种心率健康预警系统及实现方法 |
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