CN111248395A - Device and method for killing African swine fever viruses in feed raw materials - Google Patents
Device and method for killing African swine fever viruses in feed raw materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN111248395A CN111248395A CN201910503204.XA CN201910503204A CN111248395A CN 111248395 A CN111248395 A CN 111248395A CN 201910503204 A CN201910503204 A CN 201910503204A CN 111248395 A CN111248395 A CN 111248395A
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- 241000701386 African swine fever virus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 127
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 33
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 30
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 20
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/001—Details of apparatus, e.g. for transport, for loading or unloading manipulation, pressure feed valves
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for killing African swine fever viruses in feed raw materials, which utilize hot air with higher temperature to heat the feed raw materials to a certain temperature and preserve heat for a certain time according to the characteristic of weak heat tolerance of the African swine fever viruses, quickly kill the African swine fever viruses possibly existing in the feed raw materials, and can realize the operation of timely and quickly killing the African swine fever viruses on the feed raw materials before the feed raw materials are shipped or after the feed raw materials reach a transportation destination. The invention has the characteristics of large raw material treatment amount, continuous treatment process and low virus killing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of feed raw material virus killing, sterilization and epidemic prevention, in particular to a device and a method for killing African swine fever viruses in feed raw materials.
Background
The African swine fever is an acute and virulent infectious disease suffered by domestic pigs and wild pigs, the death rate of the sick pigs is high, the African swine fever is a type of animal epidemic disease which is mainly prevented in China at present, and no effective medicament or vaccine is available for preventing and treating, so that the African swine fever has great harm to the pig breeding industry.
The African swine fever is caused by African swine fever virus, and the transmission route comprises the transmission of live pigs and pork products and the sale and transportation of feed raw materials, wherein the main raw material in the feed raw materials is corn. When the feed raw materials polluted by the African swine fever viruses in the epidemic area are sold and transported to a feed production plant to be processed into finished feed products, the African swine fever viruses in the feed raw materials cannot be killed, and the feed raw materials can be spread to various pig farms along with the sale and transportation of the feed. Therefore, measures must be taken during the circulation of the feed raw materials and the production of the feed processing to kill the possible African swine fever virus in the feed raw materials.
An important characteristic in the transportation of feed raw materials and feed processing is that the treatment capacity of the feed raw materials is very large, the annual production scale of a large-scale feed production plant can reach dozens of thousands of tons of finished feed, the proportion of the corn in the feed raw materials can reach more than 50 percent, taking a common large-scale feed processing plant with the annual output of twenty thousands of tons as an example, the plant number of the corn per working day can reach more than 300 tons, and the conventional virus killing mode in the epidemic prevention field can not effectively kill the African swine fever virus on the large amount of feed raw materials at present, so that the research and development of a device and a method for killing the African swine fever virus of the feed raw materials, which have reliable effect, high efficiency and large treatment capacity, are problems which need to be solved by technical personnel in the field.
The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 109699575A discloses a method for preventing and controlling the transmission of African swine fever through feed. The method comprises the following steps: (1) the feed entering the farm is processed into liquid feed before being fed to pigs, and the weight ratio of the feed to water is generally set between 1: 1.5 and 1: 6; (2) heating the treated liquid feed to 50-100 ℃, keeping the temperature for 10 minutes-1 hour, and then cooling the liquid feed to 10-50 ℃; (3) the liquid feed after being heated and cooled is automatically conveyed to the pigs through a pump and a conveying pipeline in coordination with metering control. The professional equipment includes jar body and the agitating unit who sets, and jar body bottom is equipped with the discharge gate, and the pump is fixed in jar body lower part directness and discharge gate lug connection, and the discharge gate of pump is connected with the discharging pipe and is equipped with feed inlet and inlet tube respectively on jar body upper portion, and external supporting being provided with quantitative feed arrangement at jar is provided with quantitative feed arrangement, and quantitative feed arrangement passes through the feed inlet and carries the fodder in the agitator tank, is provided with the automatic control valve on the inlet tube. The method and the equipment can ensure that the feed finally entering the pig mouth is safe. The method is to treat the feed into liquid feed, achieves the aim of killing African swine fever by heating and cooling the liquid feed, can meet the requirements of a farm in the using process, but can not meet the requirements of feed manufacturers, and can cause the increase of cost and overlong feed processing and manufacturing period in the heating and cooling process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention designs a device and a method for killing African swine fever viruses in feed raw materials, according to the characteristic that the African swine fever viruses have weak heat tolerance, hot air with higher temperature is utilized, and the feed raw materials are heated to a certain temperature and are kept for a certain time, so that a great amount of African swine fever viruses possibly existing in the feed raw materials are rapidly killed.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the device for killing the African swine fever viruses in the feed raw materials comprises a heating tower, a hot air assembly and an air cooler; the heating tower is characterized in that a feeding hole is formed in the top of the heating tower body, a discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the heating tower body, and the heating tower is sequentially divided into a material storage section, a preheating section, a heating section, a cooling section, a material discharging section and a material discharging hopper from top to bottom; the two ends and the lower bottom of the angular box are both open structures, and the air inlet angular box and the air outlet angular box are in the same structural form; the two side surfaces of the tower body of the preheating section, the heating section and the cooling section are respectively provided with a plurality of air chambers from top to bottom, wherein the air chamber at one side corresponds to the positions of the preheating section, the heating section and the cooling section, the air chambers at the other side sequentially comprise a hot waste gas chamber, a high-temperature hot gas chamber and a cold air chamber from top to bottom, the air chamber at the other side sequentially comprises a low-temperature hot gas chamber B, a low-temperature hot gas chamber A and a cold waste gas chamber from top to bottom, the low-temperature hot gas chamber B is positioned on the side surface of the whole preheating section and the upper part of the heating section, the low-temperature hot gas chamber A is positioned on the; the cold waste gas chamber and the hot waste gas chamber are both communicated with the atmosphere; the hot air assembly comprises a hot air furnace, a hot air blower, a dust remover and a hot air circulating pipeline, the hot air blower is communicated with a high-temperature hot air chamber through the hot air circulating pipeline, the dust remover is communicated with a low-temperature hot air chamber A through the hot air circulating pipeline, the dust remover, the hot air furnace and the hot air blower are sequentially communicated through the hot air circulating pipeline, the cold air blower is arranged at the lower part of a cold air chamber, an outlet of the cold air blower is communicated with the cold air chamber, and the cold air chamber is communicated with a cooling section through an air inlet hole in the adjacent side of the heating tower body.
Furthermore, the horn-shaped box is pentagonal and arranged in an inverted V shape, and comprises a left inclined plane and a right inclined plane at the upper part and a left side wall and a right side wall which vertically extend downwards along the lower bottom edge of the two inclined planes.
Further, the horn-shaped box of air inlet and the horn-shaped box of air outlet alternate arrangement arrange, wherein one end of horn-shaped box of air inlet and horn-shaped box of air outlet and the fresh air inlet or the exhaust vent one-to-one of heating tower body side, when the one end of horn-shaped box of air inlet 25 and horn-shaped box of air outlet 26 is uncovered and the side fresh air inlet or the exhaust vent of heating tower body communicate with each other, the other end of horn-shaped box of air inlet and horn-shaped box of air outlet is the solid slab that does not trompil at the heating tower.
Furthermore, temperature and humidity monitoring devices are arranged in the hot air circulation pipeline, each air chamber and the waste gas chamber, and the temperature and humidity monitoring devices are linked with the operation control of the hot blast stove.
Further, set up material level monitoring devices in the storage section, material level monitoring devices and feed system linkage come the control feeding according to the material level height.
Furthermore, the discharge section is composed of impeller mechanisms arranged in pairs and driven by a stepless speed regulating mechanism.
The invention also provides a method for the device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: when a discharging mechanism of the heating tower is not started, feeding feed raw materials to be treated into the heating tower from a feeding hole, and sequentially filling a discharging section, a cooling section, a heating section, a preheating section and a storing section from bottom to top;
step 2: starting the discharging mechanism, discharging the feed raw materials to the outside of the heating tower according to a certain flow rate under the action of the discharging mechanism, and allowing the feed raw materials in the whole heating tower to move downwards at a vertical continuous speed under the action of self weight;
and step 3: in the preheating section and the heating section, in the contact process of the hot air and the feed raw materials, the heat contained in the hot air is transferred to the feed raw materials in a convection mode, so that the temperature of the feed raw materials is increased and reaches the set temperature;
and 4, step 4: the feed raw materials heated up move downwards in the heating tower and enter the cooling section, in the contact process of the cold air and the feed raw materials, the heat contained in the feed raw materials is transferred to the cold air in a convection mode, and after the temperature is reduced to the required temperature, the feed raw materials are continuously discharged out of the heating tower through the discharging mechanism.
Further, cooling section, heating section, preheating section set up multirow air inlet horn shape box and the air outlet horn shape box of alternative parallel arrangement, feed ingredient flows from top to bottom with the S type curve under the effect of air inlet horn shape box and air outlet horn shape box.
Furthermore, after entering the high-temperature hot air chamber, the hot air enters the inner cavity of the air inlet horn-shaped box of the heating section through the air inlet hole, flows out of the open surface at the lower bottom of the air inlet horn-shaped box, respectively penetrates the feed raw materials upwards and downwards, enters the air outlet horn-shaped boxes at the upper row and the lower row, and respectively enters the low-temperature hot air chamber A and the low-temperature hot air chamber B through the air outlets corresponding to one end of the air outlet horn-shaped box; the hot air entering the low-temperature hot air chamber A enters a dust remover through a hot air circulating pipeline, enters a hot air furnace after dust is removed, is heated to be high-temperature hot air under the action of fuel combustion, and is blown into the high-temperature hot air chamber through a hot air blower to finish the circulating process of the hot air; the hot air entering the low-temperature hot air chamber B is reversed along the S-bend in the low-temperature hot air chamber B, enters the preheating section from the air inlet on the side surface of the heating tower body at the upper part of the low-temperature hot air chamber B, enters the hot waste gas chamber after preheating the feed raw materials, and is discharged to the atmosphere through the air outlet of the hot waste gas chamber.
Furthermore, after entering the cold air chamber, the cold air enters the inner cavity of the air inlet horn-shaped box of the cooling section through the air inlet hole, flows out of an open surface at the lower bottom of the air inlet horn-shaped box, respectively passes through the feed raw materials upwards and downwards, then enters the upper row of air outlet horn-shaped box and the lower row of air outlet horn-shaped box, penetrates out of an air outlet corresponding to one end of the air inlet horn-shaped box, enters the cold and waste gas chamber, and is discharged into the atmospheric environment through a cold and waste gas discharge outlet of.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a device and a method for killing African swine fever viruses in feed raw materials, which utilize hot air with higher temperature to heat the feed raw materials to a certain temperature and preserve heat for a certain time according to the characteristic of weak heat tolerance of the African swine fever viruses in the feed raw materials, and rapidly kill the African swine fever viruses possibly existing in the feed raw materials. The invention can realize the timely and rapid operation of killing the African swine fever virus on the feed raw materials before the feed raw materials are shipped or after the feed raw materials reach a transportation destination, and has the characteristics of large raw material treatment amount, continuous treatment process and low virus killing cost.
(2) The device is used for heating the most hot-blast circulation utilization in the device system of feed ingredient, and outside only being used for preheating feed ingredient's partial hot waste gas and the cold wind waste gas discharge system of feed ingredient after the cooling temperature risees, this kind of process design can reduce the waste gas emission of system effectively, has reduced the pollution and the follow-up pressure of discharging the waste gas treatment that probably form to atmospheric environment. The low-temperature hot air entering the low-temperature hot air chamber A returns to the hot air furnace through a hot air circulating pipeline, and the low-temperature hot air entering the low-temperature hot air chamber B enters the preheating section of the heat tower body to preheat the feed raw materials in the preheating section; the middle process design mode can realize the recovery and utilization of the waste heat in the low-temperature hot air to the maximum extent, improve the heat energy utilization efficiency of the whole device and reduce the energy consumption of the operation of the device.
(3) The device is characterized in that a material level monitoring device is arranged in a material storage section of the heating tower, monitors the highest and the lowest material levels, is linked with a feeding system outside the heating tower, and automatically stops feeding when the material reaches the high material level; when the level drops to a low level, the feed is automatically restarted to maintain the level of material in the storage section at a suitable position at all times.
(4) A hot air and waste gas temperature and humidity monitoring device is arranged in each air chamber and each air duct, the hot air and waste gas temperature and humidity are monitored in real time on line, monitoring signals are linked with the operation control of the hot air furnace, when the temperature of the hot air is higher than a set temperature, the fuel quantity of the hot air furnace is automatically reduced, and the temperature of the hot air is reduced; when the temperature of the hot air is lower than the set temperature, the fuel quantity of the hot air furnace is automatically increased, and the temperature of the hot air is raised, so that the temperature of the hot air output by the hot air furnace is automatically adjusted to be stable.
(5) The circulating hot air discharged from the heating tower inevitably contains particles such as dust and impurities, and the dust remover is used for removing the dust and impurities in the circulating hot air.
(6) The discharge section is composed of impeller mechanisms arranged in pairs, and is driven by a stepless speed regulating mechanism, so that the continuous discharge of feed raw materials can be realized, and the discharge amount is continuously adjustable.
(7) Because the heating tower is of a vertical tower body structure, the charging height is theoretically unlimited, and the appropriate cross sectional area and charging height of the heating tower are adopted, so that the large charging volume can be realized; and the continuous operation is adopted, the treatment capacity is high, the treatment capacity of more than 100 tons per hour can be realized, and the requirement of quickly and timely killing African swine fever viruses on a large amount of feed raw materials before delivery or during receiving is completely met.
In summary, according to the characteristic that the African swine fever virus has weak tolerance to heat, the device and the method for killing the African swine fever virus in the feed raw materials can rapidly kill a large amount of African swine fever viruses possibly existing in the feed raw materials by utilizing hot air with higher temperature, raising the temperature of the feed raw materials to a certain temperature and preserving the temperature for a certain time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an apparatus for killing African swine fever viruses in feed materials according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the heating tower of the apparatus for killing African swine fever virus in feed stock shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a horn-shaped case of the apparatus for killing African swine fever virus in feed stocks shown in FIG. 1.
In the attached figure, 1-heating tower, 2-air cooler, 3-air cooler, 4-air heater, 5-air heater, 6-dust remover, 7-high temperature hot air chamber, 8-hot waste gas chamber, 9-hot air circulating pipeline, 10-feeding hole, 11-material level monitoring device, 12-material storage section, 13-preheating section, 14-low temperature hot air chamber B, 15-heating section, 16-temperature and humidity monitoring sensor, 17-low temperature hot air chamber A, 18-cooling section, 19-cold waste gas chamber, 20-material discharge section, 21-material discharge hopper, 22-material discharge hole, 23-air inlet hole, 24-air inlet horn-shaped box, 25-air outlet hole and 26-horn-shaped air outlet box.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
The implementation process of the invention is further described in the following with the attached drawings.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the heating tower 1 is a main body device of the apparatus, and includes a vertical-tube-type tower body with a rectangular cross section, wherein a feed inlet 10 is disposed at the top of the tower body, and a discharge outlet 22 is disposed at the bottom of the tower body. The heating tower 1 can be divided into a material storage section 12, a preheating section 13, a heating section 15, a cooling section 18, a material discharging section 20 and a material discharging hopper 21 from top to bottom in sequence according to a working interval.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the air inlet angle-shaped boxes 24 and the air outlet angle-shaped boxes 26 are horizontally and alternately arranged in parallel in a row from top to bottom among the preheating section 13, the heating section 15 and the cooling section 18. The horn-shaped box is made of thin steel plates, is arranged in an inverted V shape, is in a pentagon shape, and comprises a left inclined plane and a right inclined plane at the upper part, and a left side wall and a right side wall which vertically extend downwards along the lower bottom edges of the two inclined planes. Both ends and the lower bottom of the horn-shaped box are of an open structure. The horn shape box divide into horn shape box 24 of air inlet and horn shape box 26 of air outlet, and horn shape box 24 of air inlet is the same with 26 structural style of horn shape box of air outlet, and is different in the function only.
A cold air chamber 3, a high-temperature hot air chamber 7 and a hot waste gas chamber 8 are sequentially arranged on one side surface of the tower body of the preheating section 13, the heating section 15 and the cooling section 18 from bottom to top; the other corresponding side surface is sequentially provided with a cold and waste gas chamber 19, a low-temperature hot air chamber A17 and a low-temperature hot air chamber B14 from bottom to top; and ventilation holes are formed between each air chamber and the side surface of the heating tower 1, wherein the ventilation holes are called air inlet holes 23 for supplying air from the air chambers to the heating tower 1, and the ventilation holes are called air outlet holes 25 for exhausting air from the air chambers in the heating tower 1.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, when the angular inlet box 24 and the angular outlet box 26 are disposed in the heating tower 1, one end of each angular inlet box 24 corresponds to the air inlet hole 23 or the air outlet hole 25 on one side of the heating tower 1, that is, when one end of each angular inlet box 24 and one end of each angular outlet box 26 are open and communicated with the air inlet hole 23 or the air outlet hole 25 on the side of the heating tower 1, the other end of each angular inlet box 24 and the other end of each angular outlet box 26 are solid steel plates without openings at the corresponding side of the heating tower 1, and the openings of the angular boxes are closed; the inlet horn-shaped boxes 24 and the outlet horn-shaped boxes 26 are alternately arranged.
An air cooler 2 is arranged at the lower part of the cold air chamber 3, a fan inlet of the air cooler 2 is communicated with the atmospheric environment, a fan outlet is communicated with the cold air chamber 3, and the cold air chamber 3 is communicated with the cooling section 18 of the heating tower 1 through an air inlet 23 on the adjacent side surface of the heating tower 1;
the high-temperature hot air chamber 7 is provided with a high-temperature hot air inlet and is connected with the hot air blower 4 through a hot air circulating pipeline 9; the high-temperature hot air chamber 7 is communicated with the heating section 15 of the heating tower 1 through an air inlet hole 23 on the side surface adjacent to the heating tower 1.
The hot waste gas chamber 8 is provided with a hot waste gas discharge outlet which is communicated with the atmospheric environment; the hot exhaust gas chamber 8 communicates with the preheating section 13 of the heating tower 1 through an air outlet 25 on the side adjacent to the heating tower 1.
The cold waste gas chamber 19 is provided with a cold waste gas discharge outlet which is communicated with the atmosphere; the cold waste gas chamber 19 communicates with the body cooling section 18 of the heating tower 1 via an air outlet 25 on the side adjacent to the heating tower 1.
The low-temperature hot air chamber A17 is provided with a low-temperature hot air outlet and is connected with the dust remover 6 through a hot air circulating pipeline 9; the low temperature hot air chamber a17 is communicated with the heating section 15 of the heating tower 1 through the air outlet 25 on the side adjacent to the heating tower 1.
Except the side adjacent to the heating tower 1 body, all the other sides of the low-temperature hot air chamber B14 are in a closed state; the upper part of the side surface of the heating tower 1 adjacent to the low-temperature hot air chamber B14 is separately provided with an air inlet hole 23, and the lower part is provided with an air outlet hole 25; the low-temperature hot air chamber B14 is communicated with the preheating section 13 of the heating tower 1 body through an air inlet hole 23 on the adjacent side of the heating tower 1 body and is communicated with the heating section 15 of the heating tower 1 body through an air outlet hole 25 on the adjacent side of the heating tower 1 body.
The whole device consists of a hot-blast stove 5, a hot-blast fan 4, a heating tower 1, a dust remover 6 and a hot-blast circulation pipeline 9 to form a closed hot-blast circulation system, which are sequentially connected according to the connection sequence of the hot-blast stove 5, the hot-blast fan 4, the heating tower 1, the dust remover 6 and the hot-blast stove 5; the flow sequence of the hot blast is hot blast stove 5 → hot blast heater 4 → heating tower 1 → dust remover 6 → hot blast stove 5.
Example two
The device is characterized in that a material level monitoring device 11 is arranged in a material storage section 12 of a heating tower 1, monitors two highest and lowest material levels, is linked with a feeding system outside the heating tower, and automatically stops feeding when the material reaches the high material level; when the level drops to a low level, the feed is automatically restarted to maintain the level of material in the stock section 12 at a suitable position at all times.
EXAMPLE III
A hot air and waste gas temperature and humidity monitoring device is arranged in each air chamber and each air duct, the hot air and waste gas temperature and humidity are monitored on line in real time, monitoring signals are linked with the operation control of the hot air furnace 5, when the temperature of the hot air is higher than a set temperature, the fuel quantity of the hot air furnace 5 is automatically reduced, and the temperature of the hot air is reduced; when the temperature of the hot air is lower than the set temperature, the fuel quantity of the hot air furnace 5 is automatically increased, and the temperature of the hot air rises, so that the temperature of the hot air output by the hot air furnace 5 is automatically adjusted to be stable. The circulating hot air discharged from the heating tower 1 inevitably contains particles such as dust and impurities, and the dust collector 6 is used to remove the dust and impurities in the circulating hot air.
Example four
The discharge section 20 is composed of impeller mechanisms arranged in pairs, and is driven by a stepless speed regulating mechanism, so that the continuous discharge of feed raw materials can be realized, and the discharge amount is continuously adjustable.
EXAMPLE five
The invention provides a method for killing African swine fever viruses in feed raw materials, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: when the discharging mechanism of the heating tower 1 is not started, the feed raw materials to be processed are fed into the heating tower 1 from the feed inlet 10, and the discharging section 20, the cooling section 18, the heating section 15, the preheating section 13 and the storing section 12 are filled with the feed raw materials from bottom to top in sequence.
Step 2: the discharging mechanism is started, the feed raw materials are discharged out of the heating tower 1 according to a certain flow under the action of the discharging mechanism, and the feed raw materials in the whole heating tower 1 continuously and uniformly move downwards under the action of dead weight.
Wherein, in the cooling section 18, the heating section 15 and the preheating section 13, the feed raw materials flow from top to bottom in an S-shaped curve due to the alternating parallel arrangement of the air inlet horn-shaped boxes 24 and the air outlet horn-shaped boxes 26 which are arranged in a row; hot air generated by burning fuel in the hot-blast stove 5 enters the high-temperature hot-blast chamber 7 through the hot-blast machine 4 and the hot-blast circulating pipeline 9, then enters the inner cavity of the air inlet horn-shaped box 24 in the heating section 15 of the heating tower 1 body through the air inlet hole 23 on the side surface of the heating tower 1 body in the high-temperature hot-blast chamber 7, flows out of the open surface at the lower bottom of the air inlet horn-shaped box 24, respectively passes through the S-shaped curve to flow from top to bottom, enters the air outlet horn-shaped boxes 26 at the upper and lower rows, and respectively enters the low-temperature hot-blast chamber A17 and the low-temperature hot-blast chamber B14 through the corresponding;
and step 3: during the contact process of the hot air and the feed raw materials, the heat contained in the hot air is transferred to the feed raw materials in a convection mode, so that the temperature of the feed raw materials is increased and reaches the set temperature.
Part of heat in the hot air is transferred to the feed raw materials, the temperature of the hot air is reduced to be low-temperature hot air with a lower temperature, part of the low-temperature hot air entering the low-temperature hot air chamber B14 is reversed along an S bend in the low-temperature hot air chamber B14, and enters the preheating section 13 of the heating tower 1 body from the air inlet on the side surface of the heating tower 1 body at the upper part of the low-temperature hot air chamber B14, so that the feed raw materials in the preheating section are preheated in the same way.
The low-temperature hot air preheats the corns, then the temperature of the corns is further reduced to become hot waste gas, the hot waste gas enters the hot waste gas chamber 8, and the hot waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere through an air outlet of the hot waste gas chamber 8; meanwhile, part of the low-temperature hot air entering the low-temperature hot air chamber A17 passes through a hot air circulating pipeline 9, enters a dust remover 6, enters the hot air furnace 5 after dust in the low-temperature hot air is removed, is heated into high-temperature hot air under the action of fuel combustion, and is blown into the high-temperature hot air chamber 7 through the hot air blower 4 to complete the hot air circulating process.
And 4, step 4: the feed raw materials heated and heated move downwards in the heating tower 1 and enter the cooling section 18, meanwhile, the air cooler 2 works, cold air with the same temperature as the environment temperature is blown into the cold air chamber 3, then enters the inner cavity of the air inlet horn-shaped box 24 in the cooling section 18 of the heating tower 1 through the air inlet hole 23 on the side surface of the heating tower 1 in the cold air chamber 3, flows out of the open surface at the lower bottom of the air inlet horn-shaped box 24, respectively passes through the feed raw materials flowing from top to bottom along the S-shaped curve upwards and downwards, enters the air outlet horn-shaped box 26 on the upper and lower rows, enters the cold and waste gas chamber 19 through the air outlet on the side surface of the heating tower 1 corresponding to one end of the air outlet horn-shaped box 26, and is discharged into the atmosphere environment through the cold; in the contact process of the cold air and the feed raw materials, the heat contained in the feed raw materials is transferred to the cold air in a convection mode, and after the temperature is reduced to the required temperature, the cold air is continuously discharged out of the heating tower 1 through the discharging mechanism.
The temperature of the feed material is raised to a set temperature and maintained for a sufficient time during the heating tower 1, and since the set temperature has reached the temperature for exterminating the african swine fever virus, the african swine fever virus is exterminated.
EXAMPLE six
The low-temperature hot air entering the low-temperature hot air chamber A17 and the low-temperature hot air chamber B14 still contains a certain amount of heat. The low-temperature hot air entering the low-temperature hot air chamber A17 returns to the hot air furnace 5 through a hot air circulating pipeline 9, the low-temperature hot air entering the low-temperature hot air chamber B14 enters a preheating section 13 of the heating tower 1 body, and feed raw materials in the preheating section 13 are preheated; the process design mode can realize the recovery and utilization of the waste heat in the low-temperature hot air to the maximum extent, improve the heat energy utilization efficiency of the whole set of device and reduce the energy consumption of the operation of the device.
The device is used for heating the most hot-blast circulation utilization in the device system of feed ingredient, and outside only being used for preheating feed ingredient's partial hot waste gas and the cold wind waste gas discharge system of feed ingredient after the cooling temperature risees, this kind of process design can reduce the waste gas emission of system effectively, has reduced the pollution and the follow-up pressure of discharging the waste gas treatment that probably form to atmospheric environment.
Because the heating tower 1 is of a vertical tower body structure, the charging height is theoretically unlimited, and by adopting the appropriate cross sectional area and charging height of the heating tower, a large charging volume can be realized; and the continuous operation is adopted, the treatment capacity is high, the treatment capacity of more than 100 tons per hour can be realized, and the requirement of quickly and timely killing African swine fever viruses on a large amount of feed raw materials before delivery or during receiving is completely met.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A device for killing African swine fever virus in feed raw materials is characterized in that: comprises a heating tower (1), a hot air assembly and an air cooler (2);
the heating tower comprises a heating tower (1), a preheating section (13), a heating section (15), a cooling section (18), a discharging section (20) and a discharging hopper (21), wherein the top of the tower body of the heating tower (1) is provided with a feeding hole (10), the bottom of the tower body of the heating tower (1) is provided with a discharging hole (22), the heating tower (1) is sequentially divided into the material storing section (12), the preheating section (13), the heating section (15), the cooling section (18), the discharging hopper (21), and the preheating section (13), the heating section (15) and the cooling section (18) are; the two ends and the lower bottom of the angular box are both open structures, and the air inlet angular box (24) and the air outlet angular box (26) are the same in structural form; a plurality of air chambers are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of a tower body of the preheating section (13), the heating section (15) and the cooling section (18) from top to bottom, wherein the air chamber on one side corresponds to the positions of the preheating section (13), the heating section (15) and the cooling section (18), a hot waste gas chamber (8), a high-temperature hot air chamber (7) and a cold air chamber (3) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the air chamber on the other side sequentially comprises a low-temperature hot air chamber B (14), a low-temperature hot air chamber A (17) and a cold waste gas chamber (19) from top to bottom, the low-temperature hot air chamber B (14) is positioned on the side surfaces of the whole part of the preheating section (13) and the upper part of the heating section (15), the low-temperature hot air chamber A (17) is positioned on the side surface of the rest position of the; the cold waste gas chamber (19) and the hot waste gas chamber (8) are communicated with the atmosphere;
a ventilation hole is formed between the air chamber and the side surface of the heating tower (1), an air inlet hole (23) is formed for feeding air into the heating tower (1) from the air chamber, and an air outlet hole (25) is formed for discharging air into the air chamber from the heating tower (1);
the hot air component comprises a hot air furnace (5), a hot air blower (4), a dust remover (6) and a hot air circulating pipeline (9), the hot air blower (4) is communicated with the high-temperature hot air chamber (7) through the hot air circulating pipeline (9), the dust remover (6) is communicated with the low-temperature hot air chamber A (17) through the hot air circulating pipeline (9), and the dust remover (6), the hot air furnace (5) and the hot air blower (4) are sequentially communicated through the hot air circulating pipeline (9);
the air cooler (2) is arranged at the lower part of the cold air chamber (3), the outlet of the air cooler (2) is communicated with the cold air chamber (3), and the cold air chamber (3) is communicated with the cooling section (18) through an air inlet hole (23) on the adjacent side surface of the heating tower (1).
2. The apparatus for killing the African swine fever virus in the feed stuff according to claim 1, wherein: the horn-shaped box is pentagonal and arranged in an inverted V shape and comprises a left inclined plane and a right inclined plane at the upper part and a left side wall and a right side wall which vertically extend downwards along the lower bottom edge of the two inclined planes.
3. The apparatus for killing the African swine fever virus in the feed stuff according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a heating tower, including heating tower (1), air inlet horn shape box (24) and air outlet horn shape box (26) are arranged in turn, wherein one end of air inlet horn shape box (24) and air outlet horn shape box (26) is with side fresh air inlet (23) or exhaust vent (25) one-to-one of the heating tower (1) body, when the one end of air inlet horn shape box (24) and air outlet horn shape box (26) is uncovered and side fresh air inlet (23) or exhaust vent (25) of the heating tower (1) body communicate with each other, the other end of air inlet horn shape box (24) and air outlet horn shape box (26) is the solid slab that.
4. The device for killing the African swine fever viruses in the feed raw materials according to claim 1, wherein temperature and humidity monitoring devices are arranged in the hot air circulation pipeline (9), each air chamber and the waste gas chamber, and are linked with the operation control of the hot blast stove (5).
5. The device for killing the African swine fever viruses in the feed raw materials is characterized in that a material level monitoring device (11) is arranged in the storage section (12), the material level monitoring device (11) is linked with a feeding system, and feeding is controlled according to the material level.
6. The device for killing the African swine fever viruses in the feed raw materials is characterized in that the discharge section (20) is composed of impeller mechanisms arranged in pairs and driven by a stepless speed regulating mechanism.
7. A method for killing the african swine fever virus in the feed stuff, which is applied to the device for killing the african swine fever virus in the feed stuff according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises:
step 1: when a discharging mechanism of the heating tower (1) is not started, feed raw materials to be processed are fed into the heating tower (1) from a feeding hole (10), and a discharging section (20), a cooling section (18), a heating section (15), a preheating section (13) and a storing section (12) are filled in sequence from bottom to top;
step 2: starting the discharging mechanism, discharging the feed raw materials to the outside of the heating tower (1) according to a certain flow rate under the action of the discharging mechanism, and continuously and uniformly moving the feed raw materials in the whole heating tower (1) downwards at a constant speed under the action of the dead weight;
and step 3: in the preheating section (13) and the heating section (15), in the contact process of the hot air and the feed raw materials, the heat contained in the hot air is transferred to the feed raw materials in a convection mode, so that the temperature of the feed raw materials is increased and reaches the set temperature;
and 4, step 4: the feed raw materials heated up move downwards in the heating tower (1) and enter the cooling section (18), in the contact process of cold air and the feed raw materials, the heat contained in the feed raw materials is transferred to the cold air in a convection mode, and after the temperature is reduced to the required temperature, the feed raw materials are continuously discharged out of the heating tower (1) through the discharging mechanism.
8. The method for killing the African swine fever virus in the feed stuff according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
cooling section (18), heating section (15), preheat section (13), set up multirow air inlet horn shape box (24) and air outlet horn shape box (26) of alternative parallel arrangement, feed ingredient flows from top to bottom with the S type curve under the effect of air inlet horn shape box (24) and air outlet horn shape box (26).
9. The method for killing the African swine fever virus in the feed stuff according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the hot air enters the high-temperature hot air chamber (7), then enters the inner cavity of an air inlet horn-shaped box (24) of the heating section (15) through an air inlet hole (23), flows out of an open surface at the lower bottom of the air inlet horn-shaped box (24), respectively penetrates through feed raw materials upwards and downwards, enters the air outlet horn-shaped boxes (26) at the upper row and the lower row, penetrates through corresponding air outlets at one end of the air outlet horn-shaped boxes (26), and respectively enters the low-temperature hot air chamber A (17) and the low-temperature hot air chamber B (14);
hot air entering the low-temperature hot air chamber A (17) enters the dust remover (6) through the hot air circulating pipeline (9), enters the hot air furnace (5) after dust is removed, is heated into high-temperature hot air under the action of fuel combustion, and is blown into the high-temperature hot air chamber (7) through the hot air blower (4) to complete the hot air circulating process;
the hot air entering the low-temperature hot air chamber B (14) is reversed along an S-bend in the low-temperature hot air chamber B (14), enters a preheating section from an air inlet on the side surface of the heating tower (1) at the upper part of the low-temperature hot air chamber B (14), preheats the feed raw materials, enters the hot waste gas chamber (8), and is exhausted to the atmosphere through an air outlet of the hot waste gas chamber (8).
10. The method for killing the African swine fever viruses in the feed raw materials according to claim 7, characterized in that the cold air enters the cold air chamber (3), enters the inner cavity of the air inlet horn-shaped box (24) of the cooling section (18) through the side air inlet holes (23) of the heating tower (1) body, further flows out from the open surface at the lower bottom of the air inlet horn-shaped box, respectively passes through the feed raw materials upwards and downwards, enters the upper row of air outlet horn-shaped box (26) and the lower row of air outlet horn-shaped box (26), enters the cold and waste air chamber (19) through the side air outlet holes (25) of the heating tower (1) body corresponding to one end of the air outlet horn-shaped box (26), and is discharged to the atmosphere through the waste air cold and waste air discharge outlet of the.
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