CN111248052A - Method for preparing garden matrix by using sand washing sludge of open-air quarrying mine - Google Patents
Method for preparing garden matrix by using sand washing sludge of open-air quarrying mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111248052A CN111248052A CN202010107706.3A CN202010107706A CN111248052A CN 111248052 A CN111248052 A CN 111248052A CN 202010107706 A CN202010107706 A CN 202010107706A CN 111248052 A CN111248052 A CN 111248052A
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- sand washing
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- washing sludge
- garden
- clayey
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing garden matrix by using sand washing sludge of an open-pit quarry, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, preparing sand washing sludge, acid clayey red soil and an organic fertilizer, and ensuring that the pH value of the sand washing sludge and the acid clayey red soil after acid-base neutralization is 6.5-8.5; secondly, mixing the sand washing sludge, the acid clayey red soil and the organic fertilizer to obtain a mixture; step three, filling the mixture into a planting bag, watering until the mixture is saturated, and then placing for 12 to 24 hours; and fourthly, planting garden plants on the mixture by applying a conventional planting method, wherein the garden plants can grow normally, and obtaining the garden matrix. The method can improve the quality of the sand washing sludge so as to meet the growth requirements of garden plants, thereby achieving the reasonable utilization of the sand washing sludge and avoiding the environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine sludge treatment, in particular to a method for preparing a garden matrix.
Background
In order to protect the ecological environment, China does not allow river sand to be directly collected for the building industry, and a large amount of ore is crushed and then washed to form proper fine sand. The sand washing process generates sludge, the yield is high, the resource recycling ratio is low, and a lot of enterprises have sludge treatment and disposal problems. And the sand washing sludge has the defects of strong alkalinity, less organic nutrients, poor water and fertilizer retention capability and the like, which is very unfavorable for the growth of plants and causes environmental pollution when directly poured out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and the defects, and provides a method for preparing a garden substrate by using sand washing sludge of an open-pit quarry, which can improve the quality of the sand washing sludge so as to meet the growth requirements of garden plants, thereby achieving the reasonable utilization of the sand washing sludge and avoiding the environmental pollution.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for preparing garden matrix by using sand washing sludge of an open-pit quarry is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, preparing sand washing sludge, acid clayey red soil and an organic fertilizer, and ensuring that the pH value of the sand washing sludge and the acid clayey red soil after acid-base neutralization is 6.5-8.5; secondly, mixing the sand washing sludge, the acid clayey red soil and the organic fertilizer to obtain a mixture; step three, filling the mixture into a planting bag, watering until the mixture is saturated, and then placing for 12 to 24 hours; and fourthly, planting garden plants on the mixture by applying a conventional planting method, wherein the garden plants can grow normally, and obtaining the garden matrix.
Preferably, in the first step, the acid clayey red soil has a cosmid content of more than 15% and the acid clayey red soil has a pH of less than 5.
Preferably, in the first step, the weight ratio of the sand washing sludge to the acid clayey red soil is 1: 0.8-1.2; the organic fertilizer accounts for 3-6% of the total weight of the matrix.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adding the acid clayey red soil into the sand washing sludge, a good acid-base neutralization effect can be achieved, and waste materials and harmful substances are not generated; by adding the organic fertilizer, the mixture can be rich in nutrients for growth of garden plants, and high-quality garden substrates can be prepared. The pH value of the sand washing sludge and the acid-base clayey red soil after acid-base neutralization is 6.5-8.5, and the quality of the garden matrix is improved. Through packing the mixture into planting the bag to carry out acid-base neutralization in planting the bag, can avoid unqualified mixture directly to enter into soil like this, in order to avoid soil to receive the pollution, and just so also can reach very good acid-base neutralization effect, thereby help improving the quality of gardens matrix. The watering is carried out till the saturation and the standing is carried out for 12 to 24 hours, which helps to accelerate the proceeding of acid-base neutralization and achieve reliable acid-base neutralization, thereby helping to prepare high-quality garden substrates. Through planting landscape plant on the mixture, and treat that landscape plant can normal growth, can detect like this whether the gardens matrix satisfies landscape plant's normal growth demand, plant through adopting conventional planting method, can accurately simulate out the environment that landscape plant actually planted, thereby just can be accurate, test out the mixture reliably and whether satisfy the normal planting demand of landscape plant, thereby help obtaining the gardens matrix of high-quality, and can avoid unqualified gardens matrix to be planted in the soil of gardens, and then can avoid the soil in gardens to receive the pollution completely. The method utilizes waste materials, has very low cost and very simple operation, and is very easy to popularize and apply. The invention utilizes the acid clayey red soil and the organic fertilizer to overcome the defects of the sand washing sludge, which can achieve the reasonable utilization of the sand washing sludge so that the sand washing sludge can reasonably return to nature and can avoid the pollution to the environment.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for preparing garden matrix by using sand washing sludge of an open-pit quarry, which comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing sand washing sludge, acid clayey red soil and an organic fertilizer, and ensuring that the pH value of the sand washing sludge and the acid clayey red soil after acid-base neutralization is 6.5-8.5; secondly, mixing the sand washing sludge, the acid clayey red soil and the organic fertilizer to obtain a mixture; step three, filling the mixture into a planting bag, watering until the mixture is saturated, and then placing for 12 to 24 hours; and fourthly, planting garden plants on the mixture by applying a conventional planting method, wherein the garden plants can grow normally, and obtaining the garden matrix. By adding the acid clayey red soil into the sand washing sludge, a good acid-base neutralization effect can be achieved, and waste materials and harmful substances are not generated; by adding the organic fertilizer, the mixture can be rich in nutrients for growth of garden plants, and high-quality garden substrates can be prepared. The pH value of the sand washing sludge and the acid-base clayey red soil after acid-base neutralization is 6.5-8.5, and the quality of the garden matrix is improved. Through packing the mixture into planting the bag to carry out acid-base neutralization in planting the bag, can avoid unqualified mixture directly to enter into soil like this, in order to avoid soil to receive the pollution, and just so also can reach very good acid-base neutralization effect, thereby help improving the quality of gardens matrix. The watering is carried out till the saturation and the standing is carried out for 12 to 24 hours, which helps to accelerate the proceeding of acid-base neutralization and achieve reliable acid-base neutralization, thereby helping to prepare high-quality garden substrates. Through planting landscape plant on the mixture, and treat that landscape plant can normal growth, can detect like this whether the gardens matrix satisfies landscape plant's normal growth demand, plant through adopting conventional planting method, can accurately simulate out the environment that landscape plant actually planted, thereby just can be accurate, test out the mixture reliably and whether satisfy the normal planting demand of landscape plant, thereby help obtaining the gardens matrix of high-quality, and can avoid unqualified gardens matrix to be planted in the soil of gardens, and then can avoid the soil in gardens to receive the pollution completely. The method utilizes waste materials, has very low cost and very simple operation, and is very easy to popularize and apply. The invention utilizes the acid clayey red soil and the organic fertilizer to overcome the defects of the sand washing sludge, which can achieve the reasonable utilization of the sand washing sludge so that the sand washing sludge can reasonably return to nature and can avoid the pollution to the environment.
The fourth step of the invention is to verify whether the mixture meets the planting requirements of the garden plants by planting the garden plants so as to verify whether the mixture meets the requirements of filling the soil.
Watering to saturation means that the mixed raw materials do not absorb water any more.
The acid clayey red soil can neutralize the alkalinity of sand washing sludge and improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the sand washing sludge; the organic fertilizer improves the nutrient level and the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the matrix, and finally realizes the growth of garden plants on the proper garden matrix.
The conventional planting method of landscape plants comprises conventional measures of watering, fertilizing, pest control and the like.
The normal growth of the garden plants means that the garden plants grow and survive normally within a certain time, so that whether the garden substrates meet the requirements of being transplanted into soil can be verified.
In the process of actually verifying whether the mixture accords with the growth of the garden plants, the 'garden plants can normally grow' can be replaced by 'to-be-grown garden plants', and the to-be-grown garden plants mean that the garden plants normally grow in a certain time and can meet the requirement of being transplanted into soil.
Wherein, the small sapling is generally used for verifying whether the mixture meets the planting requirement of garden plants, and the cut-off time is that the root system of the small sapling can grow to the bottom of the planting bag; in the process, whether the mixture accords with the planting of garden plants is judged by observing whether the growth of the upper part of the small sapling is normal or not and observing whether the root system growth of the small sapling is normal or not after the process is finished; the small saplings are not normally grown and are not suitable for planting; the small saplings grow normally and are suitable for planting.
The garden substrate refers to soil which satisfies normal growth of garden plants.
In the actual implementation process, unqualified mixtures sometimes appear, and whether these unqualified mixtures can appear through the normal growth reaction of landscape plant, when the landscape plant who plants on the mixture is not normal growth, can carry out following operation: and detecting the pH value of the mixture by using pH test paper. When the acidity of the mixture is too high, adding proper sand washing sludge for mixing; when the alkalinity of the mixture is too high, adding proper acid clayey red soil for mixing; and after the secondary mixing is finished, adding water again, and continuing to perform a planting test of the garden plants after the acid and alkali neutralization, so as to detect whether the secondary mixture can meet the planting requirements of the garden plants, and if the secondary mixture is unqualified, repeatedly performing the mixing and acid and alkali neutralization operations until the mixture can meet the planting requirements of the garden plants.
The acid clayey red soil is common natural soil in southern areas, namely the acid clayey red soil, and has the advantages of low cost, simplicity in operation, easiness in popularization and application and the like.
The garden substrate produced by the method can be used for general garden planting, and is particularly suitable for ecological restoration of a quarry for mining raw ores.
The invention overcomes the defects and shortcomings of strong alkalinity, less organic nutrients and poor water and fertilizer retention capability of sand washing sludge, and enables garden plants to normally breed and grow on the sludge substrate.
In the first step, the acid clayey red soil has a cosmid content of greater than 15% and a pH of less than 5. Therefore, the purpose of improving the sand washing sludge can be achieved, and the quality of the garden substrate is further improved.
In the first step, the weight ratio of the sand washing sludge to the acid clayey red soil is 1: 0.8-1.2; the organic fertilizer accounts for 3-6% of the total weight of the matrix. Through the blending mode, the method can meet the growth requirements of various garden plants, and the popularization and application range of the method can be further improved.
In the course of the study of the method according to the invention, the following experiments were carried out:
test one: the embodiment of the invention is a pot experiment carried out outdoors, the sand washing sludge is taken from a certain sand washing plant in Jiangmen City of Guangdong province, the sand washing sludge is strong in alkalinity (pH is 9.56, Table 1) and has high toxicity to plants, and the heavy metal meets the national argillaceous standard for landscaping (GB/T23486-2009).
TABLE 1 main physicochemical Properties of sand-washing sludge tested
The test adopts black nutrition bags with the specification of 25mm multiplied by 30mm, and each nutrition bag is provided with 3kg of matrix. The substrate had the following 7 treatments, see in particular table 2. Which comprises the following steps: acid clayey red soil (sand washing sludge: acid clayey red soil is 0:1), and no fertilizer is applied; washing sand sludge, namely acid clayey red soil which is 1:1, and respectively applying 0 percent, 5 percent and 10 percent of organic fertilizer by weight of the matrix; and (3) sand washing sludge, namely acid clayey red soil, applying 0 percent of organic fertilizer, 5 percent of organic fertilizer and 10 percent of organic fertilizer by weight of the matrix respectively.
2 big safflower plants are planted on the matrix of each pot, the height of the big safflower seedlings is about 20cm, the height of the plants is measured after 2 months (8 months and 4 days) according to normal watering management and the planting time is 2019, 6 months and 4 days, and the specific results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 measurement of growth height of flowers planted in a matrix prepared from sand washing sludge and acid clayey red soil
(3 kg of potted plant substrate per pot; planting time 2 months)
The results show that: (1) under the condition that the addition amount of the organic fertilizer is the same, the mixed group of the sand washing sludge and the acid clayey red soil with the ratio of 1:1 grows better than the mixed group with the ratio of 1:3, namely the sand washing sludge accounts for about 50 percent of the plant growth better. (2) When the sand washing sludge and the acid clayey red soil are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, the plant grows best when the addition amount of the organic fertilizer is 5%.
Experiment two:
further experimental studies were carried out in order to further study other plants and to consider that the longer duration of growth is required for quarry ecological restoration.
The test adopts black nutrition bags with the specification of 30mm multiplied by 35mm, and each nutrition bag is provided with 10kg of substrate. The substrate had the following 2 treatments, including: acid clayey red soil (CK) and sand washing sludge, namely the acid clayey red soil is 1:1, three of the CK and sand washing sludge are arranged in parallel, and organic fertilizers with the weight of 5% of that of the matrix are applied to the CK and sand washing sludge.
3 trumpet flowers are planted on each pot of matrix, the height of each trumpet flower seedling is about 10cm, the height of the plant is measured according to normal watering management and planting time of 2019, 8 months and 7 days, 9 months and 7 days and 9 months and 27 days, and specific results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Sand washing sludge and acid clayey red soil to prepare substrate for secondary flower planting growth result
The results show that: under the condition that the addition amount of the organic fertilizer is the same (5%), a mixed group of the sand washing sludge and the acid clayey red soil with the ratio of 1:1 grows better than a control group of the acid clayey red soil, and the height and the breadth of the plant are both larger, namely the sand washing sludge accounts for about 50% of the plant growth better.
The experiment 2 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be regarded as equivalent substitutions, and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for preparing garden matrix by using sand washing sludge of an open-pit quarry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, preparing sand washing sludge, acid clayey red soil and an organic fertilizer, and ensuring that the pH value of the sand washing sludge and the acid clayey red soil after acid-base neutralization is 6.5-8.5;
secondly, mixing the sand washing sludge, the acid clayey red soil and the organic fertilizer to obtain a mixture;
step three, filling the mixture into a planting bag, watering until the mixture is saturated, and then placing for 12 to 24 hours;
and fourthly, planting garden plants on the mixture by applying a conventional planting method, wherein the garden plants can grow normally, and obtaining the garden matrix.
2. The method for preparing garden substrates by using sand washing sludge of surface quarrying mines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the acid clayey red soil has a cosmid content of greater than 15% and a pH of less than 5.
3. The method for preparing garden substrates by using sand washing sludge of surface quarrying mines as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the first step, the weight ratio of the sand washing sludge to the acid clayey red soil is 1: 0.8-1.2; the organic fertilizer accounts for 3-6% of the total weight of the matrix.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112806228A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 浙江华东工程咨询有限公司 | Method for improving sludge of sand and stone processing system |
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Application publication date: 20200609 |