CN111239801B - Seismic data acquisition method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Seismic data acquisition method, device, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111239801B CN111239801B CN202010259890.3A CN202010259890A CN111239801B CN 111239801 B CN111239801 B CN 111239801B CN 202010259890 A CN202010259890 A CN 202010259890A CN 111239801 B CN111239801 B CN 111239801B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- point
- shot
- seismic data
- control host
- observation system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
Abstract
The application discloses a seismic data acquisition method, a seismic data acquisition device, seismic data acquisition equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the field of exploration and acquisition. The method is used for an observation system, the observation system comprises a control host, a shot point and a wave detection point, and the method comprises the following steps: the control host imports an observation system template, template parameters of the observation system template comprise a work area, a detection point distance, a shot point distance, a detection line distance, a shot line distance, a detection point number and a shot point number, and the detection point number is the maximum laying number of detection points of the whole work area; the control host machine determines a target excitation point, wherein the target excitation point comprises at least one shot point in an observation system template; the control host excites the target excitation point and enables each detection point to be in an activated state; and the control host receives the seismic data acquired by each wave detection point. By the method, activation and operation of all the demodulator probes can be realized, and the offset distance of each shot point is greatly increased, so that the control host can obtain a higher-quality underground geological imaging map according to the seismic data.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the field of exploration and collection, in particular to a seismic data collection method, device, equipment and storage medium.
Background
In the exploration process of oil and gas reservoirs, the utilization of an earthquake observation system to improve the injection and production success rate is particularly important. And with the continuous deepening of the exploration and development technology and the research degree of the oil and gas reservoir, the three-dimensional seismic data acquisition is popularized, and compared with the two-dimensional seismic data acquisition, the three-dimensional-based acquisition mode solves the problems of low seismic imaging precision, inaccurate imaging, fuzzy geological conditions and the like to a great extent.
In the relevant implementation process, the seismic data can be acquired according to the demodulator probes laid in the work area. However, the laying relationship and the laying degree between the shot point and the geophone point are empirically obtained, and improvement is not performed with the enlargement of the work area and the reduction and progress of the cost of the acquisition equipment, that is, improvement of the data acquisition method cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method, a device and equipment for acquiring seismic data and a storage medium. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a seismic data acquisition method is provided, where the method is used in an observation system, where the observation system includes a control host, a shot point, and a demodulator probe, and the method includes:
the control host imports an observation system template, template parameters of the observation system template comprise a work area, a detection point distance, a shot point distance, a detection line distance, a shot line distance, a detection point number and a shot point number, and the detection point number is the maximum laying number of detection points of the whole work area;
the control host computer determines a target excitation point, wherein the target excitation point comprises at least one shot point in the observation system template;
the control host excites the target excitation point and enables each demodulator probe to be in an activated state, and each demodulator probe is used for collecting seismic data generated when the target excitation point is excited;
and the control host receives the seismic data acquired by each wave detection point.
In another aspect, a seismic data collection apparatus is provided, the apparatus being for controlling a host, the apparatus comprising:
the template importing module is used for importing an observation system template, the template parameters of the observation system template comprise a work area, a demodulation point distance, a shot point distance, a demodulation line distance, a shot line distance, demodulation points and shot point numbers, and the demodulation points are the maximum possible laying number of demodulation points in the whole work area;
a shot determination module to determine a target shot point, the target shot point comprising at least one shot point in the observation system template;
the excitation control module is used for exciting the target excitation point and enabling each demodulator probe to be in an activated state, and each demodulator probe is used for acquiring seismic data generated when the target excitation point is excited;
and the data receiving module is used for receiving the seismic data acquired by each wave detection point.
In another aspect, a computer device is provided, the computer device comprising a processor and a memory; the memory stores at least one instruction for execution by the processor to implement a seismic data acquisition method as described in the above aspect.
In another aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores at least one instruction for execution by a processor to implement a seismic data acquisition method as described in the above aspect.
In another aspect, a computer program product is provided, which stores at least one instruction that is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the seismic data acquisition method of the above aspect.
In the embodiment of the application, the control equipment imports a constructed observation system template, determines a target excitation point in a work area, and acquires seismic data through a demodulator probe in an activated state; compared with the method for acquiring the seismic data by using the fixed template in the related technology, the method can determine the laying condition of the wave detection points in the template of the observation system according to the area of the work area, and realize the activation and operation of all the wave detection points, thereby realizing a variable observation system, greatly improving the offset distance of each shot point, further improving the effective coverage times of the target stratum, and leading the control host to obtain a higher-quality underground geological imaging map according to the acquired seismic data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of an observation system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow chart of a seismic data acquisition method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 illustrates a flow chart of a seismic data acquisition method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic of a work area layout provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic of a work area layout provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic of a work area layout provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic of a work area layout provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 illustrates a flow chart of a seismic data acquisition method provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram of a seismic data acquisition device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 shows a block diagram of a computer device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Reference herein to "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an observation system provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. The observation system comprises a control host 100, a shot point 110 and a demodulator probe 120.
The observation system is used for realizing the seismic data acquisition method. In the observation system, an observation system template is introduced into the control host 100, and the observation system template corresponds to an actual work area. As shown in fig. 1, the observation system template may indicate the tileable positions of the shots 110 (indicated by open circles), and when the control host 100 determines the target excitation point 111 (indicated by a filled circle) from all the tileable positions of the shots 110, the control host 100 excites the target excitation point 111; meanwhile, the observation system template includes the demodulator probes 120 (represented by solid rectangles) in the whole work area, and the demodulator probes are the maximum possible number of the demodulator probes in the whole work area, and when the control host 100 excites the target excitation point 111, each demodulator probe 120 is activated, or each demodulator probe 120 is activated in advance. Alternatively, the target excitation point 111 may refer to one or more shots 110.
Further, the demodulator probes 120 are configured to acquire seismic data generated when the target excitation point is excited, and transmit the seismic data to the control host 100, and the control host 100 receives the seismic data acquired by each demodulator probe 120.
Optionally, the control host 100 is a computer device including a processor and a memory, where the control host 100 stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set through the memory, for being executed by the processor to implement the functions of the steps in the seismic data acquisition method of the present application, and the computer device may be an electronic device such as a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, or the like, in which the at least one instruction, at least one program, at least one code set, or an instruction set is stored, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
Referring to FIG. 2, a flow chart of a method of seismic data acquisition is shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is suitable for the observation system shown in figure 1, the observation system comprises a control host, a shot point and a demodulator probe, and the method comprises the following steps:
In this application, an observation system refers to a seismic observation system in seismic exploration technology. The observation system can select the dimension of the observation system according to the seismic exploration task, the seismic underground geological condition of the exploration area, the data quality, the seismic equipment capability and the exploration cost. For example, a two-dimensional seismic observation system is mainly adopted in the general survey stage and the general survey stage, and a three-dimensional seismic observation system is mainly adopted in the detailed survey stage.
Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, an observation system is taken as an example of a three-dimensional seismic observation system for exemplary illustration, but the type of the observation system is not limited.
For seismic exploration, three main components are involved.
First, field collection. And carrying out shot point excitation, wave detector receiving and control equipment recording according to a preset observation system to finally obtain seismic data.
And secondly, indoor treatment. Seismic data acquired in the field are converted into seismic information maps which can be used for geological interpretation, such as single shot records, seismic profiles and the like.
And thirdly, analyzing data. And carrying out comprehensive data analysis by integrating the current exploration requirement and the seismic data.
In embodiments of the present application, a method of seismic data acquisition involves various portions of a seismic survey as described above.
For the observation system, the basic parameters include bin, coverage number, offset, shot distance, line distance, and the like. The key parameters such as shot point distribution, demodulator probe distribution, shot line number, demodulator probe number and the like can be stored through the observation system template, and when seismic exploration is started, the key parameters can be directly led into the observation system template for construction.
In the related art, the observation system template used in conventional seismic exploration is a fixed template in which a fixed number of detection lines are theoretically laid, thereby limiting the number of detection points in an actual working state in a single implementation.
In the embodiment of the application, the observation system is a variable observation system, the used observation system template is also non-fixed, which is embodied in that the shot point excitation position is not fixed (namely the target excitation point is not fixed), the arrangement of the wave detection points and the wave detection line can be determined according to the actual work area size, and all the laid wave detection points are excited to acquire the seismic data.
In a possible implementation mode, the template parameters of the observation system template are determined according to the key parameters, namely the template parameters of the observation system template comprise the area of a work area, the distance of detection points, the distance of shot points, the distance of detection lines, the distance of shot lines, the number of detection points and the number of shot points, and the number of detection points is the maximum number of paved detection points of the whole work area. Optionally, other template parameters such as offset, coverage times and the like may also be added according to the implementation of actual seismic exploration, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
In the template parameters, the work area refers to the field work area when the current seismic exploration is carried out; the detection point distance is the distance between detection points; shot distance refers to the distance between shots at various excitable positions; the detection line is a straight line segment consisting of a row or a line of detection points, and the detection line distance is the distance between detection lines; the gun line refers to a straight line segment consisting of a row or a line of gun points, and the gun line distance refers to the distance between each gun line; the detection point number is the number of all detection points in the work area, and the detection point is also called as acquisition equipment, can be activated when the shot point is excited, and can also be in an activated state all the time; the shot number is the number of the shots at all excitable positions in the work area, wherein the excitable positions refer to positions where the shots can be laid, the target excitation points are selected from the excitable positions, and after the target excitation points are determined, the shots are laid at the corresponding excitable positions.
In one possible implementation, the control host constructs an observation system template according to the current work area condition and the underground geological condition, and introduces the observation system template.
In step 202, the control host determines a target excitation point.
In the observation system template, the excitable position of the shot point in the whole work area is included, the control host determines a target excitation point, and the target excitation point is selected from the excitable position. The target excitation point may be composed of one shot point or a plurality of shot points, that is, the target excitation point includes at least one shot point in the observation system template, and then the laying and excitation of the shot point are performed at the selected at least one excitable position.
Schematically, as shown in fig. 1, in the schematic diagram of the work area, the detection points 120 are laid, and the number of the detection points is the maximum number of the detection points that can be laid in the whole work area. The shots 110 represented by the open circles are shots that can be fired in the observation system template, that is, shots can be laid and fired at the positions that can be fired corresponding to the shots 110, the shots represented by the filled circles are target firing points 111, and the shots that are determined by the current control host are target firing points 111.
In addition, the control host can also determine any one or more shot points in the work area schematic diagram as target excitation points.
And step 203, the control host excites the target excitation point and enables each wave detection point to be in an activated state.
And after the control host determines the target excitation point in the imported observation system template, exciting the target excitation point and enabling each detection point to be in an activated state. Each demodulator probe is acquisition equipment and is used for acquiring seismic data generated when the target excitation point is excited.
Optionally, the demodulator probe may be in an active state when the target excitation point is excited, or each demodulator probe is in an active state in advance, which is not limited in this embodiment of the application.
Compared with the prior art that seismic data acquisition can be carried out only by realizing a fixed number of wave detection points through a fixed template, the method and the device can realize the use of all the wave detection points in a work area after one shot point excitation, so that the offset distance of a target excitation point is greatly improved.
And step 204, the control host receives the seismic data acquired by each demodulator probe.
The target excitation point generates a seismic wave after being excited and propagates to the stratum in a spherical form. The densities of different stratums are different, so that seismic waves can be reflected, projected and refracted in different stratums, seismic data acquired by the wave detection points are reflected waves of all the stratums and are transmitted to the earth surface in a spherical form, the reflected waves and other seismic information can be completely received by the wave detection points laid on the earth surface in the work area, and then the seismic data acquisition task of current seismic exploration is completed.
Furthermore, when the target excitation point is a combination of a plurality of shot points, each geophone acquires seismic data corresponding to the plurality of shot points, the seismic data can be stored as a seismic data file corresponding to each shot point and sent to the control host, and the control host receives the seismic data acquired by each geophone.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present application, the control device imports the constructed observation system template, determines the target excitation point in the work area, and acquires the seismic data through the demodulator probe in the activated state; compared with the method for acquiring seismic data by using the fixed template in the related technology, the method can determine the laying condition of the wave detection points in the template of the observation system according to the area of the work area, and realize the activation and operation of all the wave detection points, thereby realizing a variable observation system, greatly improving the offset distance of each shot point, further improving the effective coverage times of a target stratum, and enabling the control host to obtain a higher-quality underground geological imaging map according to the seismic data.
Referring to FIG. 3, a flow chart of a method of seismic data acquisition is shown in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is suitable for the observation system shown in figure 1, the observation system comprises a control host, a shot point and a demodulator probe, and the method comprises the following steps:
In one possible embodiment, the determination of the geophone and shot spacings is related to the spatial aliasing of the seismic section. The seismic section is a section of a reflection interface formed according to seismic data acquisition, so that when the demodulation point distance and the shot point distance are determined improperly, spatial aliasing occurs on the seismic section, so that a reflection signal with a large dip angle is distorted and is overlapped with a reflection signal with a small dip angle, and the subsequent seismic interpretation and data analysis are seriously influenced. Optionally, the spatial aliasing of the seismic data can be overcome by increasing the density of the geophone point laying, and the spatial aliasing of the seismic data can also be overcome by reducing the seismic wave frequency, that is, the shot distance and the geophone distance are determined according to the normal seismic wave frequency.
In one possible implementation, step 301 includes the following.
The method comprises the steps that firstly, a control host determines an arrangement position according to underground geological conditions, and performs spectrum analysis on a wave detection point at the arrangement position according to acquired seismic data.
The purpose of performing spectrum analysis on the demodulator probes at the arrangement positions is to avoid spatial aliasing when seismic data acquisition is performed on acquisition equipment at the demodulator probes. The spatial aliasing is an interference signal which prevents effective waves from being resolved in seismic exploration, and the interference signal can generate the spatial aliasing when the control host obtains a seismic section according to seismic data.
And secondly, responding to spatial false frequency of the demodulator probe at the arrangement position, and controlling the host to adjust the arrangement position.
And when the control host performs spectrum analysis on the wave detection points paved at the arrangement positions according to the acquired seismic data, if spatial aliasing occurs, the acquisition parameters are determined again to eliminate the spatial aliasing.
And thirdly, in the whole work area, the control host determines the detection point distance, the shot point distance, the detection line distance and the shot line distance according to the adjusted arrangement position.
Further, after the proper arrangement position is determined, in the whole work area, the control host determines the detection point distance, the shot point distance, the detection line distance and the shot line distance according to the adjusted arrangement position. If the appropriate line distance of the detection waves is determined to be 20-40 meters according to the arrangement position, the arrangement of the detection waves can be carried out according to the actual available number of the acquisition equipment and the construction cost, so that the arrangement number used for receiving each cannon of the variable observation system is determined.
Optionally, the template structure of the observation system template includes a shot line and a demodulator curve, and the arrangement modes of the shot line and the demodulator curve include symmetrical arrangement and asymmetrical arrangement; the symmetrical arrangement means that under the condition of full-arrangement receiving, the shot lines and the demodulator probes are mutually vertical, all the shot lines are mutually parallel, and all the demodulator probes are mutually parallel; the asymmetric arrangement is that the shot lines are perpendicular to the wave detection lines, all the shot lines are parallel to each other, and all the wave detection lines are perpendicular to each other under the condition that the two ends of the arrangement roll in and roll out.
The symmetrical arrangement is schematically shown as a work area diagram in fig. 4. In the corresponding observation system template 400, the detection points are represented by solid squares, and each detection point forms each detection line at each row; the shot points are represented by hollow circles, and each shot point forms each shot line at each column; under the symmetrical arrangement, the shot lines are perpendicular to the wave detection lines, all the shot lines are parallel to each other, and all the wave detection lines are parallel to each other.
And step 302, the control host determines the number of detection points and the number of shot points in the observation system template according to the area of the work area.
Furthermore, based on the detection point distance, the shot point distance, the detection line distance and the shot line distance, the control host can determine the detection point number and the shot point number in the observation system template according to the area of the work area.
Schematically, the work area is represented by a schematic map of the work area of 1900 m 2100 m as shown in fig. 4. The determined gun line distance is 300 meters, the gun point distance is 150 meters, the number of the obtained gun lines is 7 under the condition that a certain work area edge area is considered, and the gun lines consist of 12 gun points, so the number of the gun points is 84; if the specified line spacing and the detected point spacing are 300 m and 150 m, the number of detected lines obtained is 7, and if the detected line is composed of 12 detected points, the number of detected points is 84, considering a certain work area edge region. The shot points represented by the hollow circles are shot points which can be paved in the template, namely the shot points do not represent the full paved shot points in the current work area, and the control host can determine the target excitation points at the shot points represented by the hollow circles so as to pave real shot points.
Optionally, please refer to step 202 for part of this step. In addition, for the determination of the target excitation point, compared with the related art method of performing shot excitation at a specified position, in the embodiment of the present application, the control host may select any one or more shots as the target excitation point in the observation system template.
Schematically, the work area is laid schematically as shown in fig. 5. The control host determines a target excitation point a (represented by a solid circle) on the north side of the laying area, and the target excitation point a includes two shot points, so the control host updates the template according to the determined target excitation point a to obtain the observation system template 500.
Schematically, the work area is laid schematically as shown in fig. 6. The control host determines a target excitation point B (represented by a solid circle) in the middle area of the paving area, and the target excitation point B includes two shot points, so the control host updates the template according to the determined target excitation point B to obtain the observation system template 600.
Schematically, the work area is laid schematically as shown in fig. 7. The control host determines a target excitation point C (represented by a solid circle) on the south side of the paved area, and the target excitation point C includes three shot points, so the control host updates the template according to the determined target excitation point C to obtain the observation system template 700.
It should be noted that the work area laying schematic diagrams shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4 to fig. 7 are only exemplary representations, and in an actual seismic exploration process, the area of the work area is large, and the number of laid-out survey points and shot points is also extremely large, for example, ten thousand acquisition devices can be laid out in the work area to serve as the survey points.
And step 304, the control host excites the target excitation point and enables each wave detection point to be in an activated state.
Optionally, please refer to step 203 for the content of this step, which is not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.
Optionally, please refer to step 204 for the content of this step, which is not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further discloses a process for controlling the host to construct the observation system template. The control host can determine the demodulation point distance, the shot point distance, the demodulation line distance and the shot line distance in the observation system template according to the underground geological conditions, so that the problem of space spurious frequency generation caused by improper parameter determination is avoided, the influence of interference signals on effective waves is reduced, and the accuracy of later-stage seismic data analysis is further guaranteed; furthermore, the control host determines the number of detection points and the number of shot points in the observation system template according to the area of the work area so as to realize the maximum paved template in the current work area, namely paving a large number of detection points as much as possible according to the area of the work area so as to improve the offset distance of the target excitation point and further improve the imaging quality in the later seismic data processing process; in addition, the control host can determine any one or more shot points in the template as the target excitation points in the process of determining the target excitation points so as to improve the convenience of seismic exploration implementation and further acquire richer seismic data.
Further, in addition to the seismic data acquisition method provided in the above embodiment, the present application further includes an implementation process of analyzing the acquired seismic data. The following examples are given for illustration.
Referring to FIG. 8, a flow chart of a method of seismic data acquisition is shown in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is suitable for the observation system shown in figure 1, the observation system comprises a control host, a shot point and a demodulator probe, and the method comprises the following steps:
Optionally, please refer to step 301 for the content of this step, which is not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.
And step 802, the control host determines the detection point number and the shot point number in the observation system template according to the area of the work area.
Optionally, please refer to step 302 for the content of this step, which is not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.
In step 803, the control host determines a target excitation point.
Optionally, please refer to step 202 for the content of this step, which is not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.
And step 804, the control host excites the target excitation point and enables each wave detection point to be in an activated state.
Optionally, please refer to step 203 for the content of this step, which is not described herein again.
In the related art, during the process of acquiring seismic data, the acquisition device (i.e., a demodulator probe) stores the seismic data corresponding to the shot point as a data file, and after exploration is finished, sends the data file corresponding to the shot point to the control device or the control center.
In the embodiment of the present application, the target excitation point may include two or more shot points, that is, the control host may start the acquisition of the seismic data from different positions in the work area based on the two or more shot points simultaneously, so as to improve the acquisition efficiency of the seismic data.
Further, for the case of synchronous excitation of multiple shot points, in the embodiment of the present application, the demodulator probe can acquire synchronous seismic data of each shot point, and can perform synchronous data transmission with the control host, and transmit the seismic data acquired in real time to the control host, that is, the control host receives the seismic data acquired by each demodulator probe synchronously to each shot point, so that the control host can perform real-time monitoring and data analysis according to the seismic data received in real time.
And 806, performing seismic imaging by the control host according to the seismic data to obtain a seismic information map.
Optionally, in this embodiment of the present application, the seismic information map includes a single shot record of seismic data, a geological profile, and a three-dimensional subsurface geological imaging map. In addition, the seismic information map can be expanded according to the actual production needs, for example, the seismic information map also comprises a seismic section map, an amplitude energy map, a signal-to-noise ratio attribute map and other information maps for seismic interpretation, and the control host can perform seismic imaging according to seismic data to obtain all the seismic information maps required at one time, or perform selective imaging according to the needs of technicians.
However, since the reflection waves reflected at the surface wave detection points by different layer interfaces have different transmission distances from different acquisition points, the time for receiving the seismic data at each detection point is different, and the energy of the reflection waves is also different. For a far-distance acquisition point, the acquired reflected wave has energy loss, so that certain influence can be caused on later-stage seismic imaging.
Optionally, step 806 may include the following to solve the above-mentioned problem of loss of the ability to reflect waves.
The method comprises the steps that firstly, a control host acquires reflected wave energy at each detection point according to a single shot record received by each detection point, and performs field processing on reflected waves according to the size of the reflected wave energy, wherein the field processing comprises deconvolution and energy diffusion compensation on the reflected waves.
The reflected wave is diffused to the earth surface in a spherical mode, so that based on the characteristics of the spherical surface, the control host acquires the energy of the reflected wave at each detection point according to the single shot record received by each detection point, then deconvolves the reflected wave to recover the reflection coefficient, and compensates the loss energy of the reflected wave through reverse spherical energy diffusion.
And secondly, performing seismic imaging by the control host according to the reflected waves after field processing to obtain a geological profile and a three-dimensional underground geological imaging.
Furthermore, the compensated reflected wave is the reflected wave under the condition that the detection point normally receives, and the problem of loss of the energy of the reflected wave is solved, so that the control host performs seismic imaging according to the compensated reflected wave to obtain a seismic information graph comprising a geological profile and a three-dimensional underground geological imaging graph, and each seismic information graph has higher accuracy.
And step 807, the control host performs quality control of seismic data acquisition according to the seismic information map and the seismic data, and performs seismic data acquisition according to production requirements.
Seismic data obtained by seismic exploration is an important component of oil field reservoir data analysis. However, not the large amount of seismic data represents the certainty of the well location, and the key factor is the quality of the seismic data, i.e., the seismic data with higher accuracy is directly related to the correctness of the analysis result of the seismic attribute data.
Therefore, in one possible implementation, the control host performs quality control of seismic data acquisition according to the seismic information map and performs seismic data acquisition according to production needs. In addition, the acquisition work of field seismic data can be simplified by optimizing seismic data according to the seismic information graph.
It should be noted that the seismic data acquisition method provided by the application is suitable for various terrains, and simultaneously meets the requirements of seismic data acquisition under different terrains such as land large-track seismic data acquisition, beach shallow sea transition zone and streamer acquisition.
In the embodiment of the application, the implementation process of analyzing the acquired seismic data is also included, the control host receives the seismic data acquired by each demodulation point synchronously at each shot point, performs seismic imaging according to the seismic data to obtain a seismic information graph, finally realizes quality control of seismic data acquisition according to the seismic information graph, and acquires the seismic data according to production requirements, so that on the basis of seismic big data, the quality of the seismic data is ensured, and the correctness of seismic data analysis results is further improved.
Referring to fig. 9, a block diagram of a seismic data acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The apparatus may be implemented as all or part of a computer device in software, hardware, or a combination of both. The apparatus for controlling a host, the apparatus comprising:
the template importing module 901 is used for importing an observation system template, wherein the template parameters of the observation system template comprise a work area, a demodulation point distance, a shot point distance, a demodulation line distance, a shot line distance, demodulation points and shot point numbers, and the demodulation points are the maximum possible laying number of demodulation points in the whole work area;
a shot determination module 902 for determining a target shot point, the target shot point comprising at least one shot point in the observation system template;
an excitation control module 903, configured to excite the target excitation point and enable each detection point to be in an activated state, where each detection point is configured to acquire seismic data generated when the target excitation point is excited;
and a data receiving module 904, configured to receive the seismic data acquired by each of the detection points.
Optionally, the template importing module 901 includes:
the first leading-in unit is used for determining the demodulation point distance, the shot point distance, the demodulation line distance and the shot line distance in the observation system template according to underground geological conditions;
and the second import unit is used for determining the detection point number and the shot point number in the observation system template according to the work area.
Optionally, the first importing unit is configured to:
determining an arrangement position according to the underground geological condition, and performing spectrum analysis on a wave detection point at the arrangement position according to the acquired seismic data;
responding to the occurrence of spatial aliasing at the demodulator probe at the arrangement position, and adjusting the arrangement position, wherein the spatial aliasing is derived from interference signals collected at the demodulator probe;
and in the whole work area, determining the detection point distance, the shot point distance, the detection line distance and the shot line distance according to the adjusted arrangement position.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
the seismic imaging module is used for performing seismic imaging according to the seismic data to obtain a seismic information map, and the seismic information map comprises a single shot record of seismic data, a geological profile map and a three-dimensional underground geological imaging map;
and the data processing module is used for performing quality control on seismic data acquisition according to the seismic information map and the seismic data and performing the seismic data acquisition according to production requirements.
Optionally, the seismic imaging module includes:
a first imaging unit, configured to perform energy dispersion compensation on the reflected waves according to the energy of the reflected waves received by the respective detection points;
and the second imaging unit is used for performing the seismic imaging according to the compensated reflected wave to obtain the seismic information map.
Optionally, the template structure of the observation system template includes a shot line and a wave detection line, and the arrangement modes of the shot line and the wave detection line include symmetrical arrangement and asymmetrical arrangement; under the symmetrical arrangement, under the condition of full-arrangement receiving, the shot lines and the demodulator probes are mutually vertical, all the shot lines are mutually parallel, and all the demodulator probes are mutually parallel; under the asymmetric arrangement, the two ends of the arrangement roll in and out, the gun lines are parallel to the wave detection lines, the gun lines are vertical to each other, and the wave detection lines are vertical to each other.
Optionally, when the target excitation points include at least two shot points, the excitation mode of the control host to each shot point is a synchronous excitation mode;
optionally, the data receiving module 904 includes:
and the control host receives the seismic data synchronously acquired by each demodulator pair to each shot point.
In the embodiment of the application, the control equipment imports a constructed observation system template, determines a target excitation point in a work area, and acquires seismic data through a demodulator probe in an activated state; compared with the method for acquiring seismic data by using a fixed template in the related art, the method can determine the laying condition of the wave detection points in the template of the observation system according to the area of a work area, and realize the activation and operation of all the wave detection points, thereby realizing a variable observation system, greatly improving the offset distance of each shot point, further improving the effective coverage times of a target stratum, and leading a control host to obtain a higher-quality underground geological imaging map according to the seismic data.
Referring to fig. 10, a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the computer apparatus 1000 includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 1001, a system Memory 1004 including a Random Access Memory (RAM) 1002 and a Read-Only Memory (ROM) 1003, and a system bus 1005 connecting the system Memory 1004 and the Central Processing Unit 1001. The computer device 1000 also includes a basic Input/Output system (I/O system) 1006, which helps to transfer information between devices within the computer, and a mass storage device 1007, which stores an operating system 1013, application programs 1014, and other program modules 1015.
The basic input/output system 1006 includes a display 1008 for displaying information and an input device 1009 such as a mouse, keyboard, etc. for a user to input information. Wherein the display 1008 and the input device 1009 are both connected to the central processing unit 1001 through an input-output controller 1010 connected to the system bus 1005. The basic input/output system 1006 may also include an input/output controller 1010 for receiving and processing input from a number of other devices, such as a keyboard, mouse, or electronic stylus. Similarly, the input-output controller 1010 also provides output to a display screen, a printer, or other type of output device.
The mass storage device 1007 is connected to the central processing unit 1001 through a mass storage controller (not shown) connected to the system bus 1005. The mass storage device 1007 and its associated computer-readable media provide non-volatile storage for the computer device 1000. That is, the mass storage device 1007 may include a computer-readable medium (not shown) such as a hard disk or a Compact Disc-Only Memory (CD-ROM) drive.
Without loss of generality, the computer-readable media may comprise computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media includes RAM, ROM, Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), flash Memory or other solid state Memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD), or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the computer storage media is not limited to the foregoing. The system memory 1004 and mass storage device 1007 described above may be collectively referred to as memory.
The memory stores one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more central processing units 1001, the one or more programs containing instructions for implementing the methods described above, and the central processing unit 1001 executes the one or more programs to implement the methods provided by the various method embodiments described above.
According to various embodiments of the present application, the computer device 1000 may also operate as a remote computer connected to a network through a network, such as the Internet. That is, the computer device 1000 may be connected to the network 1012 through the network interface unit 1011 connected to the system bus 1005, or may be connected to other types of networks or remote computer systems (not shown) using the network interface unit 1011.
The memory also includes one or more programs, stored in the memory, that include instructions for performing the steps performed by the computer device in the methods provided by the embodiments of the present application.
The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, where at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set, or an instruction set is stored in the storage medium, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set, or the instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the seismic data acquisition method provided in the above embodiments.
Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium may include: a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Solid State Drive (SSD), or an optical disc. The Random Access Memory may include a resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM) and a Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments. The above description is intended only to illustrate the alternative embodiments of the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A seismic data acquisition method, wherein the method is used for an observation system, the observation system comprises a control host, a shot point and a demodulator probe, and the method comprises the following steps:
the control host imports an observation system template, template parameters of the observation system template comprise a work area, a detection point distance, a shot point distance, a detection line distance, a shot line distance, a detection point number and a shot point number, and the detection point number is the maximum laying number of detection points of the whole work area;
the control host computer determines a target excitation point, wherein the target excitation point comprises at least one shot point in the observation system template;
the control host excites the target excitation point and enables all the wave detection points to be in an activated state, and all the wave detection points are used for collecting underground reflection seismic data generated when the target excitation point is excited;
the control host receives the seismic data acquired by each wave detection point;
the control host carries out seismic imaging according to the seismic data to obtain a seismic information graph, wherein the seismic information graph comprises a single shot record of seismic data, a geological profile and a three-dimensional underground geological imaging graph;
and the control host controls the quality of seismic data acquisition according to the seismic information graph and the seismic data, and acquires the seismic data according to production requirements.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the control host imports an observation system template, comprising:
the control host determines the demodulation point distance, the shot point distance, the demodulation line distance and the shot line distance in the observation system template according to underground geological conditions;
and the control host determines the detection point number and the shot point number in the observation system template according to the work area.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the controlling host determines the geophone distance, the shot distance, the geophone line distance, and the shot line distance in the observation system template from the subsurface geological conditions, comprising:
the control host determines an arrangement position according to the underground geological condition, and performs spectrum analysis on the wave detection points at the arrangement position according to the acquired seismic data;
responding to the occurrence of spatial aliasing at the demodulator probe at the arrangement position, and adjusting the arrangement position by the control host, wherein the spatial aliasing is derived from interference signals collected at the demodulator probe;
and in the whole work area, the control host determines the detection point distance, the shot point distance, the detection line distance and the shot line distance according to the adjusted arrangement position.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the controlling host performs seismic imaging from the seismic data to obtain a seismic information map, comprising:
the control host acquires reflected wave energy at each demodulation point according to the single shot record received by each demodulation point, and performs field processing on the reflected wave according to the size of the reflected wave energy, wherein the field processing comprises deconvolution and energy diffusion compensation on the reflected wave;
and the control host performs the seismic imaging according to the reflected waves after field processing to obtain the geological profile and the three-dimensional underground geological imaging.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the template structure of the observation system template comprises a shot line and a wave detection line, and the arrangement mode of the shot line and the wave detection line comprises a symmetrical arrangement and an asymmetrical arrangement; under the symmetrical arrangement, under the condition of full-arrangement receiving, the shot lines and the demodulator probes are mutually vertical, all the shot lines are mutually parallel, and all the demodulator probes are mutually parallel; under the asymmetric arrangement, the two ends of the arrangement roll in and out, the gun lines are parallel to the wave detection lines, the gun lines are vertical to each other, and the wave detection lines are vertical to each other.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the target excitation point comprises at least two shots, the excitation mode of each shot by the control host is a synchronous excitation mode;
the control host receives the seismic data collected by each wave detection point, and comprises the following steps:
and the control host receives the seismic data synchronously acquired by each demodulator pair to each shot point.
7. A seismic data collection device, said device being adapted to control a host, said device comprising:
the template importing module is used for importing an observation system template, the template parameters of the observation system template comprise a work area, a demodulation point distance, a shot point distance, a demodulation line distance, a shot line distance, demodulation points and shot point numbers, and the demodulation points are the maximum possible laying number of demodulation points in the whole work area;
a shot determination module for determining a target shot point, the target shot point comprising at least one shot point in the observation system template;
the excitation control module is used for exciting the target excitation point and enabling all the wave detection points to be in an activated state, and all the wave detection points are used for acquiring underground reflection seismic data generated when the target excitation point is excited;
the data receiving module is used for receiving the seismic data acquired by each wave detection point;
the data imaging module is used for carrying out seismic imaging according to the seismic data to obtain a seismic information map, and the seismic information map comprises a single shot record of seismic data, a geological profile map and a three-dimensional underground geological imaging map;
and the quality control module is used for performing quality control on seismic data acquisition according to the seismic information graph and the seismic data and performing the seismic data acquisition according to production requirements.
8. A computer device, wherein the computer device comprises a processor and a memory; the memory stores at least one instruction for execution by the processor to implement the seismic data acquisition method of any of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon at least one instruction for execution by a processor to implement a seismic data acquisition method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010259890.3A CN111239801B (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Seismic data acquisition method, device, equipment and storage medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010259890.3A CN111239801B (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Seismic data acquisition method, device, equipment and storage medium |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111239801A CN111239801A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
| CN111239801B true CN111239801B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
Family
ID=70880720
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010259890.3A Active CN111239801B (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Seismic data acquisition method, device, equipment and storage medium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111239801B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112130203B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2023-11-10 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Position quality determining method and device for excitation point and receiving point of seismic exploration |
| CN113156508B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2024-03-26 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Method and system for determining effective coverage times of well cannon observation system |
| CN115061189A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-16 | 北京世纪金道石油技术开发有限公司 | Seismic wave acquisition method and system based on quantum measurement |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7254093B2 (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2007-08-07 | Fairfield, Industries, Inc. | Ocean bottom seismometer package with distributed geophones |
| CN103454681B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2016-03-16 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | Evaluate the method and apparatus of 3 D seismic observation system imaging effect |
| CN103901465A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-07-02 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | Design method of holographic three-dimensional seismic prospecting and observing system |
| US10310133B2 (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2019-06-04 | Fairfield Geotechnologies | Calibration of geophone and hydrophone pairs |
| CN107144873A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-09-08 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | A kind of sandstone-type uranium mineralization with respect 3D seismic data observation procedure |
-
2020
- 2020-04-03 CN CN202010259890.3A patent/CN111239801B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111239801A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111239801B (en) | Seismic data acquisition method, device, equipment and storage medium | |
| CN102395902B (en) | Seismic imaging systems and methods employing a fast target-oriented illumination calculation | |
| CN101839999B (en) | Method for determining optimum velocity section for pre-stack time migration | |
| CN101625417B (en) | Method for optimizing design of vertical seismic profile observation system | |
| CN104237940B (en) | A kind of diffraction wave imaging method based on dynamic characteristic and device | |
| CN102841379B (en) | Method for analyzing pre-stack time migration and speed based on common scatter point channel set | |
| CN105425292A (en) | Oil and gas prediction method and oil and gas prediction device | |
| CN103635831A (en) | Sensitivity kernel-based migration velocity analysis in 3D anisotropic media | |
| US11221425B1 (en) | Generating a model for seismic velocities in a subsurface region using inversion with lateral variations | |
| CN105137479B (en) | A kind of computational methods and device of bin degree of covering | |
| CN105093296A (en) | Method and device for optimizing observation system | |
| CN108646292A (en) | Fracture spacing prediction technique, device and computer storage media | |
| CN104267434B (en) | Three-dimensional multi-component earthquake observation system geophone offset distribution obtaining method and device | |
| CN103645460A (en) | An excitation position determination method based on destination layer visibility analysis | |
| CN103513279B (en) | A kind of illumination analysis computing method based on seismic wave equation and calculation element | |
| CN109655879B (en) | Observation system optimization method and device for target layer signal-to-noise ratio consistency energy illumination | |
| CN112444859A (en) | Shale reservoir fracture identification method and system for cooperative metamorphic ant body | |
| US20230184972A1 (en) | Method and system for seismic processing using virtual trace bins based on offset attributes and azimuthal attributes | |
| EP2743737A2 (en) | Methods and systems for quality control of seismic illumination maps | |
| US11022710B2 (en) | Identifying anomalies in a subterranean formation based on seismic attributes | |
| CN110824555B (en) | Seismic energy equalization method and device and computer readable storage medium | |
| CN110824559B (en) | Method and device for generating co-coordinate point gather and computer-readable storage medium | |
| CN112285782B (en) | Near-surface seismic wave absorption attenuation investigation method and device | |
| CN103534613A (en) | Method and apparatus for analyzing data in subsequent geophysical surveys | |
| CN113031073B (en) | Pre-stack depth migration speed determination method, device and equipment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |