CN111237144A - Gravity compressed air energy storage system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Gravity compressed air energy storage system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G3/00—Other motors, e.g. gravity or inertia motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
- F01K27/02—Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/12—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having two or more accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/02—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of multiple-expansion type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/14—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads
- F02C6/16—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads for storing compressed air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G3/00—Other motors, e.g. gravity or inertia motors
- F03G3/087—Gravity or weight motors
- F03G3/094—Gravity or weight motors specially adapted for potential energy power storage stations; combinations of gravity or weight motors with electric motors or generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gravity compressed air energy storage system and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage. Comprises an air compression unit, an air expansion unit, an air storage chamber, a weight and a generator; the inlet of the air compression unit is connected with an air inlet device, the outlet of the air compression unit is connected with the inlet of the air storage chamber through an energy storage pipeline, the outlet of the air storage chamber is connected with the inlet of the air expansion unit through an energy release pipeline, and the outlet of the air expansion unit is connected with the generator; a heat exchange unit is arranged between the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline; the weight is arranged on the upper part of the air storage chamber and forms a piston-cylinder system with the air storage chamber, and a sealing device is arranged between the weight and the air storage chamber. The compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage modes are combined, the advantages of high compressed air energy storage energy density and flexible gravity energy storage arrangement are achieved, the stability of a power grid can be guaranteed, and the effects of peak regulation, frequency modulation and peak clipping and valley filling are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly relates to a gravity compressed air energy storage system and a working method thereof.
Background
In recent years, new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic power are rapidly increased under national policy support and continuous technological progress. When the new energy is developed greatly, the installed scale of the new energy far exceeds the local absorption capacity, high wind and light abandonment rate is caused in partial areas, and the renewable energy such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like in a large energy base has the characteristics of intermittence, volatility and the like, so that the power grid regulation and anti-interference capacity are continuously reduced, and a series of major challenges are brought to the absorption internet of the new energy and the stable operation of the power grid. In the case of fluctuating power generation reaching such a high proportion, it is more challenging to ensure a real-time balance between power supply and demand. In recent years, an energy storage technology is greatly developed, and the energy storage technology can be used for solving the problems of low conventional power load rate, low power grid utilization rate, intermittent and fluctuating renewable energy sources, high load fluctuation and low reliability of a distributed regional function system, low peak regulation capability of part of power plants and the like, so that the stability of a power grid is ensured, the utilization ratio of new energy sources is improved, and the effects of peak regulation, frequency modulation, peak clipping and valley filling are achieved.
The large-scale energy storage technology mainly comprises pumped storage, compressed air storage and gravity storage. Wherein, the operation principle of gravity energy storage is: when energy is stored, electric drive is adopted to transfer heavy objects such as the rock mass to a high place, and electric energy is converted into gravitational potential energy of the rock mass; when energy is released, weights such as rock blocks are placed from a high position to a low position to drive the generator to generate electricity, and gravitational potential energy is converted into electric energy again. It has the advantages that: the system is modularized (large-scale energy storage can be realized), the energy storage efficiency is high (80% -90%), the response time is short, the operation time is long (30-50 years), the construction cost is low, and the arrangement is flexible. It also has some disadvantages such as low energy density (0.2-0.4Wh/kg), low power per module, and large floor space. The principle of compressed air energy storage is that when the electric power is redundant, the energy storage system consumes the electric energy to compress the air and store the air in the air storage chamber for storage, so that the electric energy can be converted into the compressed air; when the electric power is in short supply, the high-pressure air in the air storage chamber is released, then enters the combustion chamber, is heated by fuel combustion, and drives the turbine to generate electricity. Its main advantage lies in: large installed capacity (more than 100MW), low construction and operation cost, long operation time (30-50 years), unlimited energy storage period and high energy density. The defects mainly lie in that: it needs to rely on large underground air storage cave and the traditional compressed air energy storage technology has lower efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gravity compressed air energy storage system and a working method thereof, wherein two energy storage modes are combined, the gravity compressed air energy storage system has the advantages of high energy density of compressed air energy storage and flexible gravity energy storage arrangement, can ensure the stability of a power grid, and plays roles in peak regulation, frequency modulation, peak clipping and valley filling.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a gravity compressed air energy storage system which comprises an air compression unit, an air expansion unit, an air storage chamber, a weight block and a generator, wherein the air compression unit is connected with the air expansion unit;
the inlet of the air compression unit is connected with an air inlet device, the outlet of the air compression unit is connected with the inlet of the air storage chamber through an energy storage pipeline, the outlet of the air storage chamber is connected with the inlet of the air expansion unit through an energy release pipeline, and the outlet of the air expansion unit is connected with the generator; a heat exchange unit is arranged between the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline;
the weight is arranged on the upper part of the air storage chamber and forms a piston-cylinder system with the air storage chamber, and a sealing device is arranged between the weight and the air storage chamber.
Preferably, the heat exchange unit comprises a heat storage device and a heat exchange device, the heat storage device is arranged on the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline, and a plurality of heat exchange devices are arranged between the heat storage devices.
Preferably, the energy storage pipeline is provided with a waste heat utilization heat exchanger.
Preferably, the sealing means is a piston seal.
Preferably, the weight is a cylinder made of concrete or lead.
Preferably, the air compression unit comprises several stages of air compressors; the air expansion unit includes several stages of expanders.
Preferably, the energy release pipeline is provided with a flow detection device, a pressure detection device and an adjusting valve, and the flow detection device, the pressure detection device and the adjusting valve are respectively connected with the control unit of the gravity compressed air energy storage system.
Preferably, the air reservoir is vertical to the horizontal in the vertical direction.
The invention discloses a working method of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, which comprises the following steps:
when energy is stored, the energy release pipeline is closed, the energy storage pipeline is opened, air enters the air compression unit through the air inlet device and is compressed into compressed air, generated heat is stored in the heat exchange unit, the compressed air enters the air storage chamber through the energy storage pipeline, the volume of the air storage chamber is increased, the weight block is lifted by the compressed air at constant pressure, and electric energy is converted into compressed air energy and gravitational potential energy of the weight block;
when energy is released, the energy release pipeline is opened, the energy storage pipeline is closed, the weight block descends, the volume of the air storage chamber is reduced, compressed air is heated by the heat exchange unit and then enters the air expansion unit through the energy release pipeline to do work at constant pressure, the generator is driven to generate power, and the compressed air energy and the gravitational potential energy of the weight block are converted into electric energy.
Preferably, energy is stored in the low-ebb period of the power grid, and energy is released in the peak period of the power grid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
compared with a single compressed air energy storage system, the air storage chamber of the gravity compressed air energy storage system has constant pressure, reduces the throttling loss of regulated pressure, and has high efficiency of an expander and high energy storage density of compressed air in the air storage chamber; the volume of the air storage chamber is remarkably reduced, is about 15 percent of that of a conventional compressed air energy storage power station, can be flexibly arranged and is not limited by the terrain; compared with a single gravity energy storage system, the gravity compressed air energy storage system has the advantages that the energy release of the gravity compressed air energy storage system is realized by combining the compressed air and the weight pressing block, and the independent gravity energy storage is realized only by the weight, so that the weight of the weight can be greatly reduced, and the system cost is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the heat exchange unit arranged in the system can absorb and store heat released during air compression in the energy storage stage, and release the heat in the energy release stage to heat the compressed air, so that the expansion work applying efficiency is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the energy is saved. The gravity compressed air energy storage system skillfully combines the gravity energy storage mode and the conventional compressed air energy storage mode, overcomes respective defects, has the advantages of high capacity, low cost, low unit capacity cost, long service life, high efficiency, strong safety (a weight block and a high-pressure air storage chamber are arranged underground, the safety is good), high adjusting speed (the adjusting speed is the same as that of the conventional compressed air energy storage), small influence on the environment (no large influence on a geological structure), flexible arrangement (less limitation of terrain and geological conditions and flexible arrangement), and the like, can ensure the stability of a power grid, and plays roles in peak-load adjustment, frequency adjustment, peak clipping and valley filling.
Furthermore, a waste heat utilization heat exchanger is arranged on the energy storage pipeline, so that a surplus heat output system generated by air compression can be comprehensively utilized, and energy is saved.
Furthermore, the weight block is a cylinder, so that the weight block is convenient to manufacture, the circumferential sealing of the shape is easy to realize, concrete or lead is adopted as a material, the density is high, the size can be reduced, and the cost is low.
Furthermore, a flow detection device, a pressure detection device and a regulating valve are arranged on the energy release pipeline, so that gas parameters in the energy release pipeline can be detected, the running speed of the system is controlled through the control unit, the output power of the system is further adjusted, and the requirements under different conditions are met.
The invention discloses a working method of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, wherein a weight block is lifted by compressed air at a constant pressure during energy storage, so that electric energy is converted into compressed air energy and gravitational potential energy of the weight block; when releasing energy, the weight block descends and makes the compressed air work at constant pressure, and the energy stored by the compressed air and the gravitational potential energy of the weight block are converted into electric energy again. The method is simple and convenient to operate, safe and flexible, saves energy and can effectively play a role in peak-shaving and frequency-modulation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the gravity compressed air energy storage system of the present invention.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-air compression unit, 2-air expansion unit, 3-heat storage device, 4-heat exchange device, 5-waste heat utilization heat exchanger, 6-gas storage chamber, 7-weight, 8-sealing device and 9-generator.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative and not limiting:
fig. 1 is a gravity compressed air energy storage system of the present invention, which comprises an air compression unit 1, an air expansion unit 2, an air storage chamber 6, a weight 7 and a generator 9;
an inlet of the air compression unit 1 is connected with an air inlet device, an outlet of the air compression unit 1 is connected with an inlet of the air storage chamber 6 through an energy storage pipeline, an outlet of the air storage chamber 6 is connected with an inlet of the air expansion unit 2 through an energy release pipeline, and an outlet of the air expansion unit 2 is connected with the generator 9; a heat exchange unit is arranged between the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline.
The weight 7 is arranged on the upper part of the air storage chamber 6 and forms a piston-cylinder system with the air storage chamber 6, and a certain gap exists between the weight 7 and the air storage chamber 6, so that the weight 7 can be ensured to move up and down effectively and stably. A sealing device 8 is arranged between the weight 7 and the air storage chamber 6, and the sealing device 8 can be a piston sealing ring which can bear corresponding air pressure and keep air tightness. The weight 7 is a cylinder, and the material is made of concrete or lead or is made by smelting other multi-component waste metals. The air reservoir 6 is vertical to the horizontal plane.
The heat exchange unit comprises a heat storage device 3 and a heat exchange device 4, the heat storage device 3 is arranged on the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline, and the heat exchange devices 4 are arranged between the heat storage devices 3. The heat storage device 3 can adopt a heat storage tank, the heat exchange device 4 can adopt a heat exchanger, and waste heat of other systems can be introduced into the heat exchange device 4 for comprehensive utilization. And the energy storage pipeline is provided with a waste heat utilization heat exchanger 5, so that the redundant heat generated by air compression can be comprehensively utilized by an output system.
The air compression unit 1 can be provided with a plurality of stages of air compressors according to actual needs; the air expansion unit 2 can be provided with a plurality of stages of expanders according to actual needs.
The energy release pipeline is provided with a flow detection device, a pressure detection device and an adjusting valve, the flow detection device, the pressure detection device and the adjusting valve are respectively connected with the control unit of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, and key parameters of the system can be monitored and controlled in real time.
The gravity compressed air energy storage system is in operation:
in the power utilization valley period of the power grid, the system stores energy, the energy release pipeline is closed, the energy storage pipeline is opened, air enters the air compression unit 1 through the air inlet device and is compressed into compressed air, the generated heat is stored in the heat exchange unit, the compressed air enters the air storage chamber 6 through the energy storage pipeline, the volume of the air storage chamber 6 is increased, the weight 7 is lifted by the compressed air at constant pressure, and electric energy is converted into the compressed air energy and the gravitational potential energy of the weight 7;
during the peak period of power utilization of the power grid, the system releases energy, the energy release pipeline is opened, the energy storage pipeline is closed, the weight 7 descends, the volume of the gas storage chamber 6 is reduced, compressed air is heated by the heat exchange unit and then enters the air expansion unit 2 through the energy release pipeline to do work at a constant pressure, the generator 9 is driven to generate power, and the compressed air energy and the gravitational potential energy of the weight 7 are converted into electric energy.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
the pressure of the air storage chamber of the gravity compressed air energy storage system with the scale of 60MW/300MWh is 12.3MPa, the width of the air storage chamber 6 is about 20m, the diameter of the weight 7 is 20m, and the mass of the weight 7 is about 39 ten thousand tons. By adopting the 3-level air compression unit 1 and the 2-level air expansion unit 2, the gravity compressed air energy storage system can keep the pressure of an air storage chamber in the compressed air energy storage system to be constant when working, and the throttling loss of the regulated pressure is reduced. Because the pressure-regulating throttling loss is reduced, the energy storage efficiency in the compression and expansion process can reach 70.5%, and after the system loss is considered, the energy storage efficiency of the whole plant can reach 63% (the pressure ratio of the compressor is reduced, the constant pressure at the outlet does not need to change the working condition, and the efficiency of the compressor is improved). Because a constant pressure mode is adopted, and the weight briquette participates in energy storage, the energy storage density of the gravity compressed air energy storage system can reach 20.13KWh/m3(144Wh/kg), the volume of the air storage chamber is only 1.5 ten thousand meters for realizing 5 hours of energy storage3And the mass of the weight 7 can be greatly reduced to 39 ten thousand tons. Has large capacity (can)>100MW) and low cost (unit kilowatt cost is enough<6000 yuan/KW, unit capacity and cost<2000 yuan/KWh), long service life (30-50 years service life)) High efficiency (system efficiency can)>65 percent), high safety (the weight and the high-pressure gas storage chamber are arranged underground, the safety is good), high adjusting speed (the adjusting speed is the same as that of the conventional compressed air energy storage), small environmental influence (no large influence on a geological structure), flexible arrangement (less limitation by terrain and geological conditions, flexible arrangement) and the like.
It should be noted that the above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and equivalent changes made to the system described in the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may substitute similar alternatives for the specific embodiments described, all without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A gravity compressed air energy storage system is characterized by comprising an air compression unit (1), an air expansion unit (2), an air storage chamber (6), a weight (7) and a generator (9);
an inlet of the air compression unit (1) is connected with an air inlet device, an outlet of the air compression unit (1) is connected with an inlet of the air storage chamber (6) through an energy storage pipeline, an outlet of the air storage chamber (6) is connected with an inlet of the air expansion unit (2) through an energy release pipeline, and an outlet of the air expansion unit (2) is connected with the generator (9); a heat exchange unit is arranged between the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline;
the weight (7) is arranged on the upper part of the air storage chamber (6) and forms a piston-cylinder system with the air storage chamber (6), and a sealing device (8) is arranged between the weight (7) and the air storage chamber (6).
2. The gravity compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange unit comprises a heat storage device (3) and a heat exchange device (4), the heat storage device (3) is arranged on the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline, and a plurality of heat exchange devices (4) are arranged between the heat storage devices (3).
3. A gravity compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage pipeline is provided with a waste heat utilization heat exchanger (5).
4. A gravity compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the sealing means (8) is a piston seal.
5. A gravity compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the weight (7) is a cylinder of concrete or lead.
6. A gravity compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the air compression unit (1) comprises several stages of air compressors; the air expansion unit (2) comprises a plurality of stages of expanders.
7. The gravity compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the energy release pipeline is provided with a flow detection device, a pressure detection device and a regulating valve, and the flow detection device, the pressure detection device and the regulating valve are respectively connected with the control unit of the gravity compressed air energy storage system.
8. A gravity compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the air reservoir (6) is vertical to the horizontal in the vertical direction.
9. The working method of the gravity compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
when energy is stored, the energy release pipeline is closed, the energy storage pipeline is opened, air enters the air compression unit (1) through the air inlet device and is compressed into compressed air, the generated heat is stored in the heat exchange unit, the compressed air enters the air storage chamber (6) through the energy storage pipeline, the volume of the air storage chamber (6) is increased, the weight (7) is lifted by the compressed air at constant pressure, and electric energy is converted into compressed air energy and gravitational potential energy of the weight (7);
when releasing energy, the energy release pipeline is opened, the energy storage pipeline is closed, the weight block (7) descends, the volume of the air storage chamber (6) is reduced, compressed air is heated by the heat exchange unit and then enters the air expansion unit (2) through the energy release pipeline to do work at constant pressure, the generator (9) is driven to generate power, and the compressed air energy and the gravitational potential energy of the weight block (7) are converted into electric energy.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the energy is stored during the off-peak period and released during the on-peak period.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010038208.8A CN111237144A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Gravity compressed air energy storage system and working method thereof |
| DE212020000589.3U DE212020000589U1 (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-11-19 | System for energy storage using gravity and compressed air |
| PCT/CN2020/130202 WO2021143349A1 (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-11-19 | Gravity-compressed air energy storage system and working method therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010038208.8A CN111237144A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Gravity compressed air energy storage system and working method thereof |
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| CN111237144A true CN111237144A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
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| CN202010038208.8A Pending CN111237144A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Gravity compressed air energy storage system and working method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN111237144A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE212020000589U1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021143349A1 (en) |
Cited By (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021143349A1 (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-07-22 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Gravity-compressed air energy storage system and working method therefor |
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| WO2021143349A1 (en) | 2021-07-22 |
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