CN114909196B - Water pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage system and method - Google Patents
Water pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114909196B CN114909196B CN202210462300.6A CN202210462300A CN114909196B CN 114909196 B CN114909196 B CN 114909196B CN 202210462300 A CN202210462300 A CN 202210462300A CN 114909196 B CN114909196 B CN 114909196B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pumping compression isobaric air release energy storage system and a pumping compression isobaric air release energy storage method. The invention can meet the requirements of power supply side energy storage and deep peak regulation, and has the characteristics of stable air release pressure and higher overall system efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of physical energy storage, and relates to a pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage system and a pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage method.
Background
To cope with global climate change, the development of new energy sources must be strongly advanced. With the increasing ratio of new energy in the power system, the constant problems such as great fluctuation of new energy output, great difficulty in power balance and operation control, difficult digestion when the new energy generating capacity is large, occupation of the conventional power supply space, and outstanding contradiction between digestion and safety can bring great challenges to the power system. The compressed air energy storage is one of the candidates of the large-capacity energy storage technology, and because the factors such as unstable pressure, low system efficiency and the like directly influence the high efficiency and the economical efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system when the compressed air energy storage releases air at present, the system and the method for releasing the compressed air energy storage by pumping, compressing and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a pumping compression isobaric air release energy storage system and a pumping compression isobaric air release energy storage method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a constant pressure release air energy storage system of pumping compression, including compression heat accumulation system, compression air storage system and intensification expansion system, compression air storage system includes low level water tank, booster pump and high level water tank, the bottom of high level water tank is not less than the top of low level water tank, compression air outlet and the top of low level water tank of compression heat accumulation system pass through first pipeline connection, be equipped with first governing valve on the first pipeline, the bottom of low level water tank passes through the second pipeline to be connected with the bottom of high level water tank, be equipped with booster pump on the second pipeline, booster pump's export is equipped with the second governing valve, the top of high level water tank passes through the third pipeline and is connected with the air inlet of intensification expansion system, be equipped with the third governing valve on the third pipeline, still be connected with the fourth pipeline between the bottom of low level water tank and the bottom of high level water tank, be equipped with first stop valve on the fourth pipeline, be connected with the fifth pipeline between high level water tank's top and the first pipeline, be equipped with the second stop valve on the fifth pipeline.
Preferably, the compression heat storage system comprises a compressor and a heat storage and release system, the heating expansion system comprises an expander, the heat absorption side of the heat storage and release system is connected with the heat generation side of the compressor, and the heat release side of the heat storage and release system is connected with the inlet side of the expander; the outlet of the compressor is connected with the top of the low-level water tank through a first pipeline, and the inlet of the expander is connected with the top of the high-level water tank through a third pipeline.
Preferably, the heat storage and release system comprises a cooler, a heat storage tank, a cold storage tank and a heater, wherein the heat absorption side of the cooler is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the compressor, the release side of the heater is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the expander, an inlet of the heat storage tank is connected with an outlet of the heat storage tank, an outlet of the heat storage tank is connected with an inlet of the heat absorption side of the heater, an outlet of the heat storage tank is connected with an inlet of the cold storage tank, and an outlet of the cold storage tank is connected with an inlet of the heat release side of the cooler.
Preferably, the compressor comprises a first-stage compressor and a second-stage compressor, the cooler comprises a first-stage cooler and a second-stage cooler, the heater comprises a first-stage heater and a second-stage heater, the expander comprises a first-stage expander and a second-stage expander, an outlet of the first-stage compressor is communicated with a heat absorption side inlet of the first-stage cooler, a heat absorption side outlet of the first-stage cooler is communicated with an inlet of the second-stage compressor, an outlet of the second-stage compressor is communicated with a heat absorption side inlet of the second-stage cooler, and a heat absorption side outlet of the second-stage cooler is connected with the top of the low-level water tank through a first pipeline;
the heat release side outlets of the primary cooler and the secondary cooler are connected with the inlet of the heat storage tank, the outlet of the heat storage tank is connected with the heat absorption side inlets of the primary heater and the secondary heater, the heat absorption side outlets of the primary heater and the secondary heater are connected with the inlet of the cold storage tank, and the outlet of the cold storage tank is connected with the heat release side inlets of the primary cooler and the secondary cooler;
the top of the high-level water tank is connected with a heat release side inlet of the primary heater through a third pipeline, a heat release side outlet of the primary heater is connected with an inlet of the primary expander, an outlet of the primary expander is connected with a heat release side inlet of the secondary heater, and a heat release side outlet of the secondary heater is connected with an inlet of the secondary expander.
Preferably, the outlet of the cold accumulation tank is provided with a first water supply pump, the inlet of the cold accumulation tank is provided with an air cooling heat exchanger, and the outlet of the cold accumulation tank is provided with a second water supply pump.
Preferably, the bottom of the high level tank is flush with the top of the low level tank.
The invention also provides a water pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage method, which is carried out by adopting the water pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage system, and comprises the following steps:
when the power supply side needs to store energy, the first regulating valve, the first stop valve and the second stop valve are firstly opened, the third regulating valve and the second regulating valve are closed, the compression heat storage system carries out compression heating on gaseous air and stores compression heat after compression heating, the gaseous air after heat exchange is conveyed to the high-level water tank through the first regulating valve and the fifth pipeline until water in the high-level water tank is completely discharged into the low-level water tank, the medium (air and water) between the high-level water tank and the low-level water tank is completely replaced, the high-level water tank is stored after the water is completely replaced, the low-level water tank is stored after the air is converted into water, then the first stop valve and the second stop valve are closed, the second regulating valve is opened, the gaseous air output by the compression heat storage system is stored in the low-level water tank after passing through the first regulating valve, the water in the low-level water tank is extruded, and the water in the low-level water tank is pressurized by the pressurizing water pump and then is sent into the high-level water tank; the water in the high-level water tank is increased along with the water quantity, and the increased water continuously presses the air at the upper part of the high-pressure water tank and converts the air into high-pressure air to be stored in the high-level water tank; when the first preset pressure is reached in the high-level water tank and the energy storage process is finished, the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are closed, the booster water pump stops working, and the compressed air is stopped by the compressed heat storage system;
when the power supply side needs to generate electricity for supplying power, a booster water pump is started, a second regulating valve is opened, after the outlet pressure of the booster water pump is stable, a third regulating valve is opened, so that compressed air in the high-level water tank is stably discharged from the outlet of the third regulating valve at a second preset pressure and is sent into a heating expansion system, and in the process of discharging the compressed air in the high-level water tank, the booster water pump provides variable pressure for the high-level water tank, so that the outlet air pressure of the high-level water tank is constant; the heating expansion system heats the compressed air conveyed by the high-level water tank by utilizing the heat released by the compression heat storage system and does work until the pressure of the compressed air output by the high-level water tank is reduced to a third preset pressure value;
after the energy release is finished, the second regulating valve, the third regulating valve and the booster water pump are closed; opening the stop valve and the second stop valve; the water in the high-pressure water tank flows into the low-level water tank completely by means of gravity potential difference and pressure difference between the high-level water tank and the low-level water tank; air in the low-level water tank flows into the high-level water tank from the top of the low-level water tank, so that the medium stored in the high-level water tank and the low-level water tank is completely replaced, and the preparation is made for the next energy storage.
Preferably, the booster water pump provides variable pressure to the head tank so that the head tank outlet air pressure is constant in the following manner:
L mn : the rotation speed set value of the booster water pump;
L F : the upper limit of the output rotating speed of the booster water pump;
L O : the lower limit of the output rotating speed of the booster water pump;
K c : the pressure of the booster pump controls gain, and the deviation is +0.5MPa;
e n : the current high-level water tank outlet pressure set value-the high-level water tank outlet pressure actual value;
e n-1 : the outlet pressure set value of the high-level water tank during last sampling is the outlet pressure actual value of the high-level water tank;
K I : a proportionality constant of a pressure control integral term;
M initial : the initial set value of the rotation speed of the booster water pump is 300-400 r/min;
K D : the pressure controls the proportionality constant of the differential term.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage system, the compression heat storage system can compress and boost gaseous air and recover and store compression heat during compression, and a second stop valve is arranged on a fifth pipeline, so that when the energy is stored, water in a high-level water tank can be firstly discharged cleanly by using the pipeline and the initial pressure in the high-level water tank can be increased, and the final pressure storage capacity in the high-level water tank can be increased; after that, the first stop valve and the second stop valve are closed, compressed air enters the low-level water tank to pressurize water in the low-level water tank, the water in the low-level water tank can be further pressurized and pumped into the high-level water tank by the booster water pump to compress and store the air at the upper part of the inner cavity of the high-level water tank, and the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the booster water pump can be reduced because the water in the low-level water tank is pressurized by the compressed air, so that the requirement on the pressure grade of the compressed air at the outlet of the high-level water tank is the same. When the pumping compression isobaric air release energy storage system releases energy, the booster water pump can be utilized to supplement pressure for the high-level water tank, so that the pressure of compressed air at the outlet of the high-level water tank is relatively stable. After the energy release is finished, the high-level water tank and the low-level water tank can be communicated through the fourth pipeline and the fifth pipeline, so that water in the high-level water tank flows back to the low-level water tank under the action of gravity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pumped, compressed, isobaric, released air energy storage system of the present invention.
The system comprises a first-stage compressor 1, a first-stage cooler 2, a second-stage compressor 3, a second-stage cooler 4, a heat storage tank 5, a cold storage tank 6, a first water supply pump 7, a second water supply pump 8, an air-cooled heat exchanger 9, a first regulating valve 10, a low-level water tank 11, a booster water pump 12, a second regulating valve 13, a high-level water tank 14, a third regulating valve 15, a first-stage heater 16, a first-stage expander 17, a second-stage heater 18, a second-stage expander 19, a generator 20, a first stop valve 21, a second stop valve 22, a first pipeline 23, a second pipeline 24, a third pipeline 25, a fourth pipeline 26 and a fifth pipeline 27.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage system comprises a compression heat storage system, a compression air storage system and a heating expansion system, wherein the compression air storage system comprises a low-level water tank 11, a booster water pump 12 and a high-level water tank 14, the compression heat storage system comprises a compressor and a heat storage and release system, the compressor comprises a first-level compressor 1 and a second-level compressor 3, the heat storage and release system comprises a cooler, a heat storage tank 5, a cold storage tank 6 and a heater, the cooler comprises a first-level cooler 2 and a second-level cooler 4, the heater comprises a first-level heater 16 and a second-level heater 18, an outlet of the first-level compressor 1 is communicated with a heat absorption side inlet of the first-level cooler 2, a heat absorption side outlet of the first-level cooler 2 is communicated with an inlet of the second-level compressor 3, a heat absorption side outlet of the second-level cooler 4 is connected with the top of the low-level water tank 11 through a first pipeline 23, and a first regulating valve 10 is arranged on the first pipeline 23; the heat release side outlets of the primary cooler 2 and the secondary cooler 4 are connected with the inlet of the heat storage tank 5, the outlet of the heat storage tank 5 is connected with the heat absorption side inlets of the primary heater 16 and the secondary heater 18, the heat absorption side outlets of the primary heater 16 and the secondary heater 18 are connected with the inlet of the cold storage tank 6, and the outlet of the cold storage tank 6 is connected with the heat release side inlets of the primary cooler 2 and the secondary cooler 4; the heating expansion system comprises an expander, wherein the expander comprises a primary expander 17 and a secondary expander 19; the top of the high-level water tank 14 is connected with a heat release side inlet of the primary heater 16 through a third pipeline 25, a heat release side outlet of the primary heater 16 is connected with an inlet of the primary expander 17, an outlet of the primary expander 17 is connected with a heat release side inlet of the secondary heater 18, and a heat release side outlet of the secondary heater 18 is connected with an inlet of the secondary expander 19. The outlet of the cold accumulation tank 6 is provided with a first water feed pump 7, the inlet of the cold accumulation tank 6 is provided with an air cooling heat exchanger 9, and the outlet of the heat accumulation tank 5 is provided with a second water feed pump 8. Reasons for providing the first feed pump 7 and the second feed pump 8: the cooling water and the high-temperature water in the heat storage tank of the cold storage tank are mainly circulated, so that kinetic energy is provided for heat exchange flow of the cooler and the heater; the air cooling heat exchanger is mainly arranged, so that after heat in the heat storage tank passes through the heater, the temperature is higher, the water temperature which is not 20 ℃ and is required by the cold storage tank is not reached, the water is required to be further cooled, the temperature requirement in the cold storage tank is met, and a cold source is provided for the next energy storage process.
The bottom of the high-level water tank 14 is not lower than the top of the low-level water tank 11, in general, in order to reduce the energy lost when the high-level water tank 14 returns water to the low-level water tank 11 (the energy is the gravity energy released energy of water stored in the high-level water tank 14), the bottom of the high-level water tank 14 is flush with the top of the low-level water tank 11, the bottom of the low-level water tank 11 is connected with the bottom of the high-level water tank 14 through a second pipeline 24, a booster water pump 12 is arranged on the second pipeline 24, an outlet of the booster water pump 12 is provided with a second regulating valve 13, the top of the high-level water tank 14 is connected with a heat release side inlet of the primary heater 16 through a third pipeline 25, a third regulating valve 15 is arranged on the third pipeline 25, a fourth pipeline 26 is also connected between the bottom of the low-level water tank 11 and the bottom of the high-level water tank 14, a fifth pipeline 27 is connected between the top of the high-level water tank 14 and the first pipeline 23, and the fifth pipeline 27 is provided with a second stop valve 22.
Referring to fig. 1, the working method for releasing air energy storage by pumping water and compressing isobaric pressure comprises the following steps:
when the power supply side needs energy storage, the first regulating valve 10, the first stop valve 21 and the second stop valve 22 are firstly opened, the third regulating valve 15 and the second regulating valve 13 are closed, the first-stage compressor 1 and the second-stage compressor 3 sequentially compress and heat the gaseous air, the compressed and heated compressed heat is respectively exchanged by the first-stage compressor 1 and the second-stage compressor 3 and stored in the heat storage tank 5 through the first-stage cooler 2 and the second-stage cooler 4, the gaseous air after exchanging heat by the first-stage cooler 2 and the second-stage cooler 4 is conveyed to the high-level water tank 14 through the first regulating valve 10 and the fifth pipeline 27 until the pressure balance between the high-level water tank 14 and the low-level water tank 11 is achieved, then the first stop valve 21 and the second stop valve 22 are closed, the second regulating valve 13 is opened, the cooled gaseous air by the second-stage cooler 4 is stored in the low-level water tank 11 after passing through the first regulating valve 10 and extrudes water in the low-level water tank 11, and the water in the low-level water tank 11 is fed into the high-level water tank 14 after being pressurized by the booster water pump 12; as the amount of water in the high-level water tank 14 increases, the increased water continuously squeezes the air at the upper part of the high-level water tank 14 and converts the air into high-pressure air to be stored in the high-level water tank 14; when the first preset pressure is reached in the high-level water tank 14 and the energy storage process is finished, the first regulating valve 10 and the second regulating valve 13 are closed, the booster water pump stops working, and the compressed air is stopped by the compressed heat storage system; when the heat of compression after energy storage and compression and temperature rise is exchanged by a cooler, cold working medium at the outlet of the cold accumulation tank 6 enters the heat release side of the primary cooler 2 and the secondary cooler 4 to absorb heat and then enters the heat accumulation tank 5 to store heat;
when the power supply side needs to generate electricity and supply power, the booster water pump 12 is started, the second regulating valve 13 is opened, after the pressure of the outlet of the booster water pump 12 is stable, the third regulating valve 15 is opened, high-pressure air is slowly conveyed, compressed air in the high-level water tank 14 is stably discharged from the outlet of the third regulating valve 15 at a second preset pressure and is sent into the primary heater 8 to heat, and the gaseous air is heated, expanded and acted to generate electricity through the primary heater 8, the primary expander 17, the secondary heater 18 and the secondary expander 19. During the discharge of the compressed air in the head tank 14, the booster pump 12 provides a variable pressure to the head tank 14 so that the head tank 14 outlet air pressure is constant; the primary heater 8 heats the compressed air conveyed by the high-level water tank 14 by utilizing the heat released by the compression heat storage system and does work until the pressure of the compressed air output by the high-level water tank 14 is reduced to a third preset pressure value;
after the energy release is finished, the second regulating valve 13, the third regulating valve 15 and the booster water pump 12 are closed; the stop valve 21 and the second stop valve 22 are opened, and the water in the high-pressure water tank 14 flows into the low-level water tank 11 entirely by means of the gravity potential difference, so that preparation is made for the next energy storage.
In the invention, in order to ensure that the high-pressure air pressure conveyed by the high-level water tank 14 is stable, the booster water pump 12 improves the variable pressure for the high-level water tank, PID regulation is set through the following control formula, so that the air pressure at the outlet of the high-level water tank 14 is constant, and the constant pressure is ensured, so that the expansion power generation efficiency is greatly improved, and the system efficiency is improved. The top pressure of the high-level water tank is precisely controlled by means of the booster water pump 12, and the control equation formula is as follows:
L mn : the rotation speed set value of the booster water pump;
L F : the upper limit of the output rotating speed of the booster water pump;
L O : the lower limit of the output rotating speed of the booster water pump;
K c : the pressure of the booster pump controls gain, and the deviation is +0.5MPa;
e n : current high level tank outlet pressure set point-high level tank outlet pressure actual value；
e n-1 : the outlet pressure set value of the high-level water tank during last sampling is the outlet pressure actual value of the high-level water tank;
K I : a proportionality constant of a pressure control integral term;
M initial : the initial set value of the rotation speed of the booster water pump is 300-400 r/min;
K D : the pressure controls the proportionality constant of the differential term.
In this embodiment, the inlet of the primary compressor 1 is directly connected to the atmosphere, and the following data are described by taking the air pressure in the atmosphere as 20 ℃ and 0.1MPa as an example, the pressure of the compressed air compressed by the primary compressor 1 is 0.45MPa, the temperature is 216±5 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air compressed by the primary cooler 2 is 0.45MPa, the temperature is 25±5 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air compressed by the secondary compressor 3 is 2MPa, the temperature is 233±5 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air compressed by the secondary cooler 4 is 2MPa, the temperature is 25±5 ℃, the water pressure at the outlet of the booster pump 12 is 12.5MPa, the temperature is 20±5 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air at the outlet of the third regulating valve 15 is 12.5MPa, the temperature is 20+/-5 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air at the inlet of the primary expansion machine 17 is 12.5MPa, the temperature is 158+/-5 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air at the outlet of the primary expansion machine 17 is 5MPa, the temperature is 76+/-5 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air at the inlet of the secondary expansion machine 19 is 5MPa, the temperature is 158+/-5 ℃, the pressure of the compressed air at the outlet of the secondary expansion machine 19 is 0.1MPa, the temperature is 32+/-5 ℃, the temperature at the inlet of the heat storage tank 5 is 168+/-5 ℃, the hot water quantity of the heat storage tank 5 is 64000kg/h, the temperature at the inlet of the air cooling heat exchanger 9 is 79+/-5 ℃, the cold water quantity of the cold storage tank 6 is 64000kg/h, and the water temperature at the outlet of the first water feeding pump 7 is 20+/-5 ℃.
In conclusion, the invention can thoroughly solve the effect of constant pressure release in the energy release process, fully utilizes the stored energy as much as possible, and realizes high efficiency and economy. The system is simple and easy to realize.
Claims (7)
1. The pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage system is characterized by comprising a compression heat storage system, a compressed air storage system and a heating expansion system, wherein the compressed air storage system comprises a low-level water tank (11), the device comprises a booster water pump (12) and a high-level water tank (14), wherein the bottom of the high-level water tank (14) is not lower than the top of a low-level water tank (11), a compressed air outlet of a compressed heat storage system is connected with the top of the low-level water tank (11) through a first pipeline (23), a first regulating valve (10) is arranged on the first pipeline (23), the bottom of the low-level water tank (11) is connected with the bottom of the high-level water tank (14) through a second pipeline (24), the booster water pump (12) is arranged on the second pipeline (24), the outlet of the booster water pump (12) is provided with a second regulating valve (13), the top of the high-level water tank (14) is connected with an air inlet of a heating expansion system through a third pipeline (25), a third regulating valve (15) is arranged on the third pipeline (25), a fourth pipeline (26) is further connected between the bottom of the low-level water tank (11) and the bottom of the high-level water tank (14), a first stop valve (21) is arranged on the fourth pipeline (26), a fifth pipeline (27) is connected between the top of the high-level water tank (14) and the first pipeline (23), and a fifth stop valve (27) is arranged on the fifth pipeline (27);
the booster water pump provides variable pressure for the head tank so that the air pressure at the outlet of the head tank is constant;
the pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage system comprises the following steps:
when the power supply side needs to store energy, the first regulating valve (10), the first stop valve (21) and the second stop valve (22) are firstly opened, the third regulating valve (15) and the second regulating valve (13) are closed, the compressed heat storage system carries out compressed heating on gaseous air and stores compressed heat after the compressed heating, the gaseous air after heat exchange is conveyed to the high-level water tank (14) through the first regulating valve (10) and the fifth pipeline (27) until water in the high-level water tank (14) is completely discharged into the low-level water tank (11), then the first stop valve (21) and the second stop valve (22) are closed, the second regulating valve (13) is opened, the gaseous air output by the compressed heat storage system is stored in the low-level water tank (11) through the first regulating valve (10) and extrudes water in the low-level water tank (11), and the booster water pump (12) pressurizes the water in the low-level water tank (11) and then sends the water into the high-level water tank (14); the water in the high-level water tank (14) is increased along with the water quantity, and the increased water continuously extrudes the air at the upper part of the high-level water tank (14) and converts the air into high-pressure air to be stored in the high-level water tank (14); when the first preset pressure is reached in the high-level water tank (14) and the energy storage process is finished, the first regulating valve (10) and the second regulating valve (13) are closed, the booster water pump stops working, and the compressed air is stopped by the compressed heat storage system;
when the power supply side needs to generate electricity for supplying power, a booster water pump (12) is started, a second regulating valve (13) is opened, after the outlet pressure of the booster water pump (12) is stable, a third regulating valve (15) is opened, compressed air in the high-level water tank (14) is stably discharged from the outlet of the third regulating valve (15) at a second preset pressure and is fed into a heating expansion system, and in the process of discharging the compressed air in the high-level water tank (14), the booster water pump (12) provides variable pressure for the high-level water tank (14) so that the outlet air pressure of the high-level water tank (14) is constant; the heating expansion system heats the compressed air conveyed by the high-level water tank (14) by utilizing the heat released by the compression heat storage system and does work until the pressure of the compressed air output by the high-level water tank (14) is reduced to a third preset pressure value;
after the energy release is finished, the second regulating valve (13), the third regulating valve (15) and the booster water pump (12) are closed; opening a first stop valve (21) and a second stop valve (22); the water in the high-level water tank (14) flows into the low-level water tank (11) completely by means of gravity potential difference and pressure difference between the high-level water tank (14) and the low-level water tank (11); air in the low-level water tank (11) flows into the high-level water tank (14) from the top of the low-level water tank (11) to prepare for the next energy storage.
2. The pumped, compressed and isobaric air-releasing energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed and heat-accumulating system comprises a compressor and a heat-accumulating and heat-releasing system, the heating expansion system comprises an expander, the heat-accumulating and heat-releasing system has a heat-absorbing side connected with the heat-generating side of the compressor, and the heat-releasing side of the heat-accumulating and heat-releasing system is connected with the inlet side of the expander; the outlet of the compressor is connected with the top of the low-level water tank (11) through a first pipeline (23), and the inlet of the expander is connected with the top of the high-level water tank (14) through a third pipeline (25).
3. The pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat storage and release system comprises a cooler, a heat storage tank (5), a cold storage tank (6) and a heater, wherein the heat absorption side of the cooler is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the compressor, the heat release side of the heater is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the expander, an inlet of the heat storage tank (5) is connected with an outlet of the heat release side of the cooler, an outlet of the heat storage tank (5) is connected with an inlet of the heat absorption side of the heater, an outlet of the heat absorption side of the heater is connected with an inlet of the cold storage tank (6), and an outlet of the cold storage tank (6) is connected with an inlet of the heat release side of the cooler.
4. A pumped, compressed, isobaric, released air energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that the compressor comprises a primary compressor (1) and a secondary compressor (3), the cooler comprises a primary cooler (2) and a secondary cooler (4), the heater comprises a primary heater (16) and a secondary heater (18), the expander comprises a primary expander (17) and a secondary expander (19), the outlet of the primary compressor (1) is in communication with the inlet on the heat absorption side of the primary cooler (2), the outlet on the heat absorption side of the primary cooler (2) is in communication with the inlet of the secondary compressor (3), the outlet on the heat absorption side of the secondary cooler (3) is in communication with the inlet on the heat absorption side of the secondary cooler (4), and the outlet on the heat absorption side of the secondary cooler (4) is connected with the top of the high-level water tank (11) through a first pipeline (23);
the heat release side outlets of the primary cooler (2) and the secondary cooler (4) are connected with the inlet of the heat storage tank (5), the outlet of the heat storage tank (5) is connected with the heat absorption side inlets of the primary heater (16) and the secondary heater (18), the heat absorption side outlets of the primary heater (16) and the secondary heater (18) are connected with the inlet of the cold storage tank (6), and the outlet of the cold storage tank (6) is connected with the heat release side inlets of the primary cooler (2) and the secondary cooler (4);
the top of the high-level water tank (14) is connected with a heat release side inlet of the primary heater (16) through a third pipeline (25), a heat release side outlet of the primary heater (16) is connected with an inlet of the primary expander (17), an outlet of the primary expander (17) is connected with a heat release side inlet of the secondary heater (18), and a heat release side outlet of the secondary heater (18) is connected with an inlet of the secondary expander (19).
5. The pumping compressed isobaric released air energy storage system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the outlet of the cold accumulation tank (6) is provided with a first water feed pump (7), the inlet of the cold accumulation tank (6) is provided with an air cooling heat exchanger (9), and the outlet of the heat accumulation tank (5) is provided with a second water feed pump (8).
6. A pumped, compressed, isobaric, released air energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the head tank (14) is flush with the top of the head tank (11).
7. A pumped, compressed, isobaric, released air energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the booster water pump (12) provides a variable pressure to the head tank (14) so that the head tank (14) outlet air pressure is controlled in the following way:
L mn =【K c ×e n +K I ×
M initial + K D ×(e n -e n-1 )】×L F +L O
L mn : the rotation speed set value of the booster water pump;
L F : the upper limit of the output rotating speed of the booster water pump;
L O : the lower limit of the output rotating speed of the booster water pump;
K c : the pressure of the booster pump controls gain, and the deviation is +0.5MPa;
e n : the current high-level water tank outlet pressure set value-the high-level water tank outlet pressure actual value;
e n-1 : the outlet pressure set value of the high-level water tank during last sampling is the outlet pressure actual value of the high-level water tank;
K I : a proportionality constant of a pressure control integral term;
M initial : the initial set value of the rotation speed of the booster water pump is 300-400 r/min
K D : the pressure controls the proportionality constant of the differential term.
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| CN202210462300.6A CN114909196B (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Water pumping compression isobaric release air energy storage system and method |
| PCT/CN2022/129208 WO2023207015A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-11-02 | Pumped-hydro compressed isobaric-release air energy storage system and method |
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| GB2532281A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-05-18 | Demetair Systems | A waste heat recovery system combined with compressed air energy storage |
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| CN105888742B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-10-31 | 成都深冷液化设备股份有限公司 | Efficient liquid-air energy storage/release system |
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| CN107905985A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-13 | 葛洲坝中科储能技术有限公司 | A kind of compressed-air energy-storage system for storing pressure controllable |
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