CN113294293A - Large-scale offshore electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage - Google Patents

Large-scale offshore electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113294293A
CN113294293A CN202110698321.3A CN202110698321A CN113294293A CN 113294293 A CN113294293 A CN 113294293A CN 202110698321 A CN202110698321 A CN 202110698321A CN 113294293 A CN113294293 A CN 113294293A
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compressed air
energy
power generation
generation device
energy storage
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CN202110698321.3A
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CN113294293B (en
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张建军
冯自平
宋文吉
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/17Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing energy in pressurised fluids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/008Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-scale offshore electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage, which comprises an intermittent power generation device, an air compressor unit, a turbine unit, a cold energy recovery device and an underwater compressed air storage device, wherein the air compressor unit is used for compressing air energy; the intermittent power generation device is used for providing electric energy for the compressed air unit, and the compressed air unit is used for producing compressed air and storing the compressed air into the underwater compressed air storage device through a pipeline; compressed air stored in the underwater compressed air storage device is conveyed to a turbine unit through a pipeline to generate power, and power is stably supplied to the outside; the cold energy recovery device is connected with the turbine unit and used for recovering the cold energy of the compressed air passing through the turbine unit and realizing the comprehensive utilization of energy. The invention can convert intermittent electric energy into stable electric energy for output, and can provide cold energy for making ice bricks to meet the demand of coastal fishery on ice.

Description

Large-scale offshore electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage
Technical Field
The invention relates to a storage and regeneration technology of intermittent power generation, in particular to a large-scale offshore electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage.
Background
In the process of realizing 3060 carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization, new energy sources such as wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and the like have higher and higher proportion in an energy structure. However, the intermittent and unstable characteristics of the new energy sources bring hidden dangers to the stable and reliable operation of the power grid. For the safety of the grid some of the electrical energy has to be abandoned, forming so-called wind and light abandons.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-scale offshore electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a large-scale offshore electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage comprises an intermittent power generation device, an air compressor unit, a turbine unit, a cold energy recovery device and an underwater compressed air storage device; in the energy storage stage, when redundant electric energy of the intermittent power generation system appears, the intermittent power generation device is used for providing electric energy for the air compressor unit, and the air compressor unit is used for producing compressed air and storing the compressed air into the underwater compressed air storage device through a pipeline; in the energy release stage with larger power consumption requirement, high-pressure compressed air stored in the underwater compressed air storage device is conveyed to a turbine unit through a pipeline to generate power, so that stable external power supply is realized; the cold energy recovery device is connected with the turbine unit and used for recovering the cold energy of the compressed air passing through the turbine unit and realizing the comprehensive utilization of energy.
Preferably, the intermittent power generation device includes at least one of a offshore wind power generation device, an offshore wave power generation device, a offshore photovoltaic power generation device, an onshore wind power generation device, and an onshore photovoltaic power generation device.
Preferably, the underwater compressed air storage device comprises a compressed air storage tank, a pressure regulating block and a movable cover plate; the compressed air storage tank is embedded in the seabed, and the side wall and the seabed form a water seal tank; the movable cover plate is movably connected in the water seal tank to seal the compressed air storage tank; the pressure regulating block is arranged on the movable cover plate and used for regulating the difference value of the internal pressure and the external pressure of the tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the large-scale offshore electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage provides a solution for vigorously developing offshore wind power and storage of a related power generation system, solves the problem that renewable energy sources such as offshore wind power and the like are unstable to a power grid, and realizes intermittent continuous energy supply.
2. The energy storage system has the advantages of small investment of gas storage equipment, stable pressure, full utilization of cold energy in the energy release process, small volume, low investment, convenient installation and the like.
3. The large-scale offshore electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage can be used for storing large-scale offshore wind power generation systems, storing onshore wind power systems in lakes or rivers, storing electric energy of ocean wave power generation systems, manufacturing electric energy storage systems of different levels according to requirements, being MW-level or power grid-level, meeting the requirements of the electric energy storage systems of different levels, and being long in service life and low in cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the large-scale offshore electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system of the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the wind power system of the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the offshore power generation system of the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a compressed air storage system according to the present embodiment;
description of reference numerals: 1-a wind generating set; 2-air compressor set one; 3, a turbine unit I; 4-a first cold energy recovery device; 5-compressed air storage tank; 6-a pressure regulating block; 7-a removable cover plate; 8-water sealing the tank; 9-a first compressed air pipeline; 10-a power grid; 11-wave power generation device; 12-air compressor set two; 13-turbine set two; 14-energy recovery device II; 15-compressed air pipeline two; 16-a power consumer; V1-V4-valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a large-scale offshore electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage mainly comprises a wind power system, an offshore power generation system and a compressed air storage system, and high-pressure compressed air drives a turbine set to generate power under constant pressure by using the pressure of seawater, so that the stability and the power generation efficiency of the power generation system are ensured.
Specifically, the wind power system comprises a wind generating set 1, an air compressor set I2, a turbine set I3 and a cold energy recovery device I4. The offshore power generation system comprises a wave power generation device 11, an air compressor unit II 12, a turbine unit II 13 and a cold energy recovery device II 14. The compressed air storage system comprises a compressed air storage tank 5, a pressure regulating block 6, a movable cover plate 7, a first compressed air pipeline 9 and a second compressed air pipeline 15.
The wind generating set 1 is connected with the air compressor set I2 through a power transmission line, the air compressor set I2 and the turbine set I3 are respectively connected with the compressed air storage tank 5 through a compressed air pipeline I9, the connection relation is switched through valves V1 and V2, and the turbine set I3 is connected with the power grid 10 through the power transmission line.
The wave energy power generation device 11 is connected with the air compressor set II 12 through a power transmission line, the air compressor set II 12 and the turbine set II 13 are respectively connected with the compressed air storage tank 5 through a compressed air pipeline II 15 and are in switching connection through valves V3 and V4, and the turbine set II 13 is connected with the power utilization device 16 through the power transmission line.
The compressed air storage tank 5 is fixed in the installation groove of the seabed, the pressure of the system is ensured to reach the pressure value required by the process, and the side wall and the seabed form a water seal groove 8, so that the compressed air in the storage tank is ensured to be well stored. The movable cover plate 7 is movably connected in the water seal tank 8 and moves up and down along the water seal tank 8 under the action of water depth pressure, so that the pressure of air in the storage tank is ensured to be unchanged. The pressure regulating block 6 is arranged on the movable cover plate 7, and the water seal height of the water seal groove 8 is regulated, so that in the storage and release processes of compressed air, the storage height of the compressed air near the tank is very small compared with the water depth, and therefore, under the action of water pressure, a certain pressure difference value is always kept inside and outside the tank, so that the high-pressure compressed air can drive the turbine unit to generate electricity under constant pressure, and the stability and the generating efficiency of the turbine unit to generate electricity are ensured.
For the wind power system, in the energy storage stage, redundant electric energy produced by the wind generating set 1 is input into the air compressor set I2 through the power transmission line, and produced high-pressure air is stored in the compressed air storage tank 5 through the valve V1 and the compressed air pipeline I9. In the energy release stage, the valve V1 is closed, the valve V2 is opened, the high-pressure compressed air stored in the compressed air storage tank 5 is continuously released at stable pressure, the turbine unit I3 is used for generating power and stably supplying power to the power grid 10, the pressure and the temperature of the compressed air at normal temperature and high pressure are reduced after the compressed air passes through the turbine unit I3, and the cold energy is recovered through the cold energy recovery device I4 and is used for producing ice bricks and the like, so that the energy can be comprehensively utilized.
In the embodiment, the wind generating set 1 is located at the seaside, generates electricity through wind power, converts redundant electric energy into compressed potential energy of air through the matched air compressor set I2 and stores the compressed potential energy in the compressed air storage tank 5 under the sea during energy storage, and converts the compressed potential energy of the air into electric energy through the matched turbine set I3 during energy release so as to stably supply power to the power grid 7.
For the offshore power generation system, in the energy storage stage, redundant electric energy generated by the wave energy power generation device 11 is input into the second air compressor unit 12 through the power transmission line, and the generated high-pressure air is stored in the compressed air storage tank 5 through the valve V3 and the second compressed air pipeline 15. In the energy release stage, the valve V3 is closed, the valve V4 is opened, the high-pressure compressed air stored in the compressed air storage tank 5 is continuously released at stable pressure, the power is generated through the second turbine unit 13, the power is stably supplied to the offshore power utilization device 16, the pressure of the compressed air at normal temperature and high pressure is reduced after the compressed air passes through the second turbine unit 13, the temperature of the compressed air is reduced, the cold energy is recovered through the second cold energy recovery device 14, and the compressed air is used for producing ice bricks, desalinating seawater and the like to realize comprehensive utilization of energy.
In this embodiment, the surplus electric energy generated by the wave energy power generation device 11 is basically used for an offshore power utilization device, and is not supplied to an external power grid, and is converted into electric energy and cold energy in an energy release stage after being stored in a compressed air form. It is easy to understand that the offshore power generation system may be not only the wave energy power generation device 11 of the present embodiment, but also offshore photovoltaic power generation, offshore wind power generation, and the like, and no matter which power generation technology is used, an energy storage system is required to be equipped for ensuring stable and reliable electric energy to be obtained due to the intermittency of light energy, wave energy and wind energy. Meanwhile, the invention can form fall in the place near rivers and lakes in the inland of wind power or photovoltaic power generation, and forms an electricity storage system with various powers by digging.
The working process of the present invention is explained in detail below:
a. wind power energy storage stage: after the wind generating set 1 generates electricity, the electricity is supplied to the air compressor set I2 through the power transmission line, air is compressed in a mode of constant pressure ratio and multi-stage compression, the compression process is close to isothermal compression as far as possible, and the air is compressed as much as possible with the same electric quantity. Valve V2 is closed and valve V1 is opened and high pressure air is admitted to the compressed air storage tank 5 along compressed air line one 9. In the compressed air storage tank 5, the pressure in the compressed air storage tank 5 can be ensured to be constant due to the pressure of the upper water. During the storage and release of the compressed air, the pressure regulating block 6 always keeps a certain difference between the pressure inside and outside the tank. When the pressure in the tank becomes higher along with the input of the compressed air, the movable cover plate 7 moves upwards along the water seal tank 8, so that the volume of the compressed air is increased, the temperature of the compressed air is basically unchanged in the process, the volume is increased, and the pressure is basically constant. In the process of storing the compressed air, the temperature of the air is basically unchanged, the leakage amount is small, and the compressed air stores electric energy in the form of pressure potential energy.
b. Wind power energy release stage: valve V2 is open and valve V1 is closed and high pressure air is admitted to turbine unit one 3 from compressed air storage tank 5 along compressed air line one 9. In the compressed air storage tank 5, the pressure in the compressed air storage tank 5 can be ensured to be constant due to the pressure of the upper water. During the release of the compressed air, the pressure regulating block 6 always keeps the pressure inside and outside the tank at a certain difference. Along with the output of compressed air, after the pressure in the jar reduced, movable apron 7 will move down along the water sealed tank to reduce compressed air's volume, at this in-process, compressed air's temperature is unchangeable basically, and the volume diminishes, and pressure is invariable basically, thereby has guaranteed the stability of electricity generation process operating mode. The compressed air at normal temperature and high pressure passes through the turbine unit I3, the pressure is reduced, the temperature is reduced, the cold energy is recovered through the cold energy recovery device I4, and the compressed air is used for producing ice bricks and comprehensively utilizing energy.
c. Wave energy electricity generation energy storage stage: after the wave energy power generation device 11 generates electricity, the electricity is supplied to the air compressor unit II 12 through the power transmission line, and air is compressed in an equal pressure ratio and multistage compression mode. Valve V4 is closed and valve V3 is opened and high pressure air enters the compressed air storage tank 5 along the second compressed air line 15. In the compressed air storage tank 5, the pressure in the compressed air storage tank 5 can be ensured to be constant due to the pressure of the upper water. During the storage and release of the compressed air, the pressure regulating block 6 always keeps a certain difference between the pressure inside and outside the tank. When the pressure in the tank becomes higher along with the input of the compressed air, the movable cover plate 7 moves upwards along the water seal tank 8, so that the volume of the compressed air is increased, the temperature of the compressed air is basically unchanged in the process, the volume is increased, and the pressure is basically constant. In the process of storing the compressed air, the temperature of the air is basically unchanged, the leakage amount is small, and the compressed air stores electric energy in the form of pressure potential energy.
d. Wave energy electricity generation energy release stage: valve V4 is open and valve V3 is closed and high pressure air is admitted to turbine set two 13 from compressed air storage tank 5 along compressed air line two 15. In the compressed air storage tank 5, the pressure in the compressed air storage tank 5 can be ensured to be constant due to the pressure of the upper water. During the release of the compressed air, the pressure regulating block 6 always keeps the pressure inside and outside the tank at a certain difference. Along with compressed air's output, the back is reduced to jar internal pressure, and movable apron 7 will move down along water seal tank 8 to reduce compressed air's volume, at this in-process, compressed air's temperature is unchangeable basically, and the volume diminishes, and pressure is invariable basically, thereby has guaranteed the stability of electricity generation process operating mode. After the compressed air at normal temperature and high pressure passes through the turbine unit II 13, the temperature is reduced, and cold energy is recovered through the cold energy recovery device II 14, so that the compressed air is used for producing ice bricks, desalting seawater and the like, and comprehensive utilization of energy is realized.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a large-scale marine electric energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage which characterized in that: the system comprises an intermittent power generation device, an air compressor unit, a turbine unit, a cold energy recovery device and an underwater compressed air storage device; the intermittent power generation device is used for providing electric energy for the air compressor unit, and the air compressor unit is used for producing compressed air and storing the compressed air into the underwater compressed air storage device through a pipeline; compressed air stored in the underwater compressed air storage device is conveyed to a turbine unit through a pipeline to generate power, so that stable power supply is realized; the cold energy recovery device is connected with the turbine unit and used for recovering the cold energy of the compressed air passing through the turbine unit and realizing the comprehensive utilization of energy.
2. The large-scale offshore energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the intermittent power generation device comprises at least one of a seaside wind power generation device, an offshore wave power generation device, a seaside photovoltaic power generation device, an offshore photovoltaic power generation device, an onshore wind power generation device and an onshore photovoltaic power generation device.
3. The large-scale offshore energy storage and comprehensive utilization system based on compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the underwater compressed air storage device comprises a compressed air storage tank, a pressure regulating block and a movable cover plate; the compressed air storage tank is embedded in the seabed, and the side wall and the seabed form a water seal tank; the movable cover plate is movably connected in the water seal tank to seal the compressed air storage tank; the pressure regulating block is arranged on the movable cover plate and used for regulating the difference value of the internal pressure and the external pressure of the tank.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20120072118A (en) * 2010-12-23 2012-07-03 한국지질자원연구원 Compressed air storage and electricity generating system connected with offshore wind farm and compressed air storage tank
CN110332075A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-10-15 西安热工研究院有限公司 Indirect-cooling air heat accumulation energy storage offshore wind power system and operation method
CN111120208A (en) * 2020-01-14 2020-05-08 华南理工大学 Hydraulic constant-pressure energy storage and release system and intelligent regulation and control method
CN111237144A (en) * 2020-01-14 2020-06-05 中国华能集团有限公司 Gravity compressed air energy storage system and working method thereof
CN112952868A (en) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-11 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Comprehensive energy system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20120072118A (en) * 2010-12-23 2012-07-03 한국지질자원연구원 Compressed air storage and electricity generating system connected with offshore wind farm and compressed air storage tank
CN110332075A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-10-15 西安热工研究院有限公司 Indirect-cooling air heat accumulation energy storage offshore wind power system and operation method
CN111120208A (en) * 2020-01-14 2020-05-08 华南理工大学 Hydraulic constant-pressure energy storage and release system and intelligent regulation and control method
CN111237144A (en) * 2020-01-14 2020-06-05 中国华能集团有限公司 Gravity compressed air energy storage system and working method thereof
CN112952868A (en) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-11 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Comprehensive energy system

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