CN110714903A - Power generation system - Google Patents

Power generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110714903A
CN110714903A CN201911029903.1A CN201911029903A CN110714903A CN 110714903 A CN110714903 A CN 110714903A CN 201911029903 A CN201911029903 A CN 201911029903A CN 110714903 A CN110714903 A CN 110714903A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gas
power generation
liquid mixing
liquid
mixing container
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Pending
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CN201911029903.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
寇攀高
张军
朱光明
肖剑
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
Original Assignee
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
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Application filed by State Grid Corp of China SGCC, Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd, State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd filed Critical State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Priority to CN201911029903.1A priority Critical patent/CN110714903A/en
Publication of CN110714903A publication Critical patent/CN110714903A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F1/00—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/06—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a power generation system, which comprises a high-pressure gas system, a channel switching system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system and a control system, wherein the high-pressure gas system, the gas-liquid mixing system and the hydraulic power generation system are connected through the channel switching system and are controlled by the control system; the control system changes the running state of the power generation system, and the running state of the power generation system is divided into an energy storage state and a power generation state: in the energy storage state, the power generation system absorbs new energy electric energy from the power grid, and the new energy electric energy is converted into compressed air to be stored in the high-pressure air system; in the power generation state, under the action of the control system, air energy is converted into electric energy through the high-pressure air system, the gas-liquid mixing system, the hydraulic power generation system and the channel switching system. The invention can relieve the phenomena of wind abandoning, light abandoning and water abandoning, and solves the problems of low consumption proportion of renewable energy sources caused by difficult grid connection of the renewable energy sources and difficult consumption after grid connection.

Description

Power generation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a power generation system.
Background
In order to improve the consumption proportion of non-fossil energy, guarantee the safe power supply and the heat demand of civilian life, the adjustment capacity and the operation efficiency of a power system need to be improved, multiple measures are taken from a load side, a power supply side and a power grid side, the flexibility and the adaptability of the system are enhanced, the problem of new energy consumption is solved, and the green development is promoted. With the development of large-scale wind energy/photovoltaic resources, the development of wind power/photovoltaic in China keeps the strong momentum of rapid development, but the contradiction between the unconventional development of new energy power generation and the relative lag of power grid construction is increasingly obvious, the large-scale wind power/photovoltaic energy accessed to the power grid with the characteristics of randomness, intermittence, counterregulation, large output fluctuation and the like has great influence on the voltage stability, transient stability and frequency stability of a system, and the problems of difficult grid connection of the wind power/photovoltaic energy, difficult absorption after grid connection and the like seriously restrict the revolution of an energy structure. The hydroelectric generating set has the characteristics of rapid halt, high adjusting speed, wide adjusting range and the like, and has the functions of peak regulation, frequency modulation and the like in a system, however, conventional hydroelectric power plants and pumped storage power plants have limited effects on large-scale new energy storage and energy conversion, cannot absorb abundant large-scale renewable new energy electric power such as wind power, solar energy and the like, and have certain requirements on terrain and geology.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Based on the problems, the invention provides a power generation system which has the functions of large-scale energy storage and power generation, has the characteristics of quick starting and stopping, high adjusting speed and wide adjusting range similar to a hydroelectric generating set, realizes energy storage and energy conversion, improves the consumption proportion of renewable energy, and can operate circularly and bidirectionally.
(II) technical scheme
Based on the technical problem, the invention provides a power generation system, which comprises a high-pressure gas system, a channel switching system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system and a control system, wherein the high-pressure gas system, the gas-liquid mixing system and the hydraulic power generation system are connected through the channel switching system and are controlled by the control system;
the high-pressure gas system comprises N1Group parallel A side high pressure gas subsystem and N2Group-parallel B-side high-pressure gas subsystems, N1≥1，N2≥1；
The gas-liquid mixing system comprises an A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem and a B side gas-liquid mixing subsystem;
the hydraulic power generation system comprises a bidirectional prime motor and a generator set thereof, namely a bidirectional hydraulic power generation system, or a pair of unidirectional prime motors with opposite directions and generator sets thereof, namely a forward hydraulic power generation system and a reverse hydraulic power generation system;
the control system comprises the prime mover, a speed regulating system of the generator set, an excitation system, a monitoring system, a protection system and an air pressure control system;
the channel switching system comprises a valve and a pipeline in the system;
each group of high-pressure gas subsystem comprises an air compression device and a high-pressure gas storage container which are correspondingly connected in sequence, wherein the inlet of the air compression device is communicated with external normal-pressure air, the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage container is connected with the gas inlet of the corresponding gas-liquid mixing subsystem, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the A side is connected with the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side through a forward hydraulic power generation system, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side is connected with the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the A side through a reverse hydraulic; or the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet of the A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem are connected with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the B side gas-liquid mixing subsystem through a bidirectional hydraulic power generation system, and the on-off of all the parts is controlled through a liquid valve or an air valve.
Furthermore, the power generation system has an energy storage state and a power generation state, and the energy storage state is realized by the high-pressure gas system, the channel switching system and the control system; the power generation state is realized by a high-pressure gas system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system, a channel switching system and a control system together, and the hydraulic power generation system generates power hydraulically.
Further, the A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises M1A gas-liquid mixing container at the A side, and a gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side comprising M2A gas-liquid mixing container at side B, M1≥1，M2The gas-liquid mixing container is characterized in that the gas and the liquid coexist in proportion in the gas-liquid mixing container, the gas-liquid mixing container on the A side is sequentially connected through a valve, the gas-liquid mixing container on the B side is sequentially connected through a valve, the gas-liquid mixing container connected with the high-pressure gas system at one end is the gas-liquid mixing container where the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem is located, and the gas-liquid mixing container on the other end is the gas-liquid mixing container where the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem is located.
Further, the gas-liquid mixing container at the side A and the gas-liquid mixing container at the side B are both connected with an exhaust valve.
Further, the A-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises a first A-side gas-liquid mixing container and a low-pressure A-side gas-liquid mixing container, the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises a first B-side gas-liquid mixing container and a low-pressure B-side gas-liquid mixing container, the terrain of the low-pressure gas-liquid mixing container is higher than that of the corresponding first gas-liquid mixing container, or the first gas-liquid mixing container is connected with an exhaust valve, the first gas-liquid mixing container is connected with a high-pressure gas system, the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid mixing container is the liquid outlet of the corresponding gas-liquid mixing subsystem, and the liquid inlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid mixing.
Preferably, the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas storage container is not lower than 0.13 MPa.
Preferably, the liquid is water, saline or a high density liquid.
Optimally, the gas-liquid mixing container is specifically an underground pit well, an underground cave, a waste mine, a developed salt well or mine, an aquifer cave, a ground gas storage device or an underwater gas storage container.
Optimally, the prime motor of the hydraulic power generation system has a low specific speed of 100 m-kW-200 m-kW and an ultra-low specific speed of 10 m-kW-100 m-kW, and is a water turbine, an industrial turbine or a hydraulic turbine.
Optimally, the power generation system can be realized under different terrains of rivers, lakes, oceans, mountainous regions, inland regions and islands.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, renewable energy sources such as wind power/photovoltaic energy and the like can be converted into compressed air to be stored in a high-pressure gas system, and then the air energy can be converted into electric energy generated by a hydraulic power generation system, so that after the wind power/photovoltaic energy is converted in a series, adverse effects on voltage stability, transient stability and frequency stability of a grid system due to the characteristics of randomness, intermittence, anti-regulation, large output fluctuation and the like are avoided, and the wind power/photovoltaic energy conversion system has the advantages similar to those of a hydroelectric generating set, is beneficial to grid connection of the wind power/photovoltaic energy sources, is beneficial to improvement of the consumption proportion of the renewable energy sources, and relieves the phenomena of;
(2) the invention pushes the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing container to generate electricity by releasing the compressed air, and compared with the conventional pumped storage power plant, the invention does not depend on the terrain drop, so that the power generation system can be realized in different terrains such as rivers, lakes, oceans, mountainous regions, inland, islands and the like;
(3) the invention can realize the hydroelectric power generation from the side A to the side B, and the hydroelectric power generation from the side B to the side A, can be operated sequentially or parallelly, realizes liquid flow circulation and saves resources; and when the power generation state runs in parallel, the power generation efficiency can be improved;
(4) compared with compressed air energy storage power generation, the invention can determine the required limited air storage container volume according to the unit capacity without depending on a large-capacity cave;
(5) according to the invention, only one side of the two sides AB is required to be convenient for taking liquid into the gas-liquid mixing container, only the gas-liquid mixing container on one side is required to contain liquid, so that the requirements of the gas-liquid mixing container and the liquid source position are reduced, and the power generation system is easier to realize;
(6) the invention can store redundant electric energy or renewable resources, save resources, reduce the consumption of fossil energy, relieve the pressure on the ecological environment and realize sustainable development.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a power generation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1: a side A gas-water mixing container I; 10: a side A gas-water mixing container II; 2: a first gas-water mixing container on the B side; 20: a second gas-water mixing container on the B side; 3: a first hydraulic turbine; 4: a second hydraulic turbine; 5: a low-pressure gas-water mixing container at the side A; 6: a low-pressure gas-water mixing container at the side B; 8: a bidirectional hydraulic turbine; 11: a first air compressor at the A side; 12: the A-side high-pressure gas storage tank I13: a first air valve; 14: a second air valve; 15: a side A high-pressure gas main valve; 21: a first air compressor at the B side; 22: the first B-side high-pressure gas storage tank 23: a third air valve; 24: a fourth air valve; 25: a high-pressure gas main valve at the side B; 31: a first water valve; 32: a second water valve; 41: a third water valve; 42: a fourth water valve; 51: a first valve; 62: a second valve; 71: a first exhaust valve; 72: a second exhaust valve; 73: a third exhaust valve; 74: and a fourth exhaust valve.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a power generation system, which comprises a high-pressure gas system, a channel switching system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system and a control system, wherein as shown in figure 1, the high-pressure gas system, the gas-liquid mixing system and the hydraulic power generation system are connected through the channel switching system and are controlled by the control system; the control system changes the running state of the power generation system, and the running state of the power generation system is divided into an energy storage state and a power generation state: in the energy storage state, the power generation system absorbs new energy electric energy and redundant electric energy from the power grid, and converts the electric energy into compressed air to be stored in the high-pressure air system; in the power generation state, under the action of the control system, air energy is converted into electric energy through the high-pressure air system, the gas-liquid mixing system, the hydraulic power generation system and the channel switching system.
The high-pressure gas system comprises N1Group parallel A side high pressure gas subsystem and N2Group-parallel B-side high-pressure gas subsystems, N1≥1，N2Each group of high-pressure air subsystems comprises an air compression device and a high-pressure air storage container which are correspondingly connected; the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas storage container at the side A and the high-pressure gas storage container at the side B is not lower than 0.13 MPa; the multiple groups of high-pressure gas subsystems are used for absorbing more electric energy of new energy and redundant electric energy.
The gas-liquid mixing system comprises an A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem and a B side gas-liquid mixing subsystem, wherein the A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises M1A gas-liquid mixing container at the A side, and a gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side comprising M2A gas-liquid mixing container at side B, M1≥1，M2And the gas-liquid mixing container at the side A is connected in sequence through a valve, the gas-liquid mixing container at the side B is connected in sequence through a valve, the gas-liquid mixing container at one end connected with the high-pressure gas system is the gas-liquid mixing container at the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem, and the gas-liquid mixing container at the other end is the gas-liquid mixing container at the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem. Proportionally coexisting gas and liquid in a gas-liquid mixing container, wherein the liquid is any liquid medium not limited to water, saline water or high-density liquid, and the gas-liquid mixing container can be realized in a mode not limited to underground wells, underground caves, abandoned mines, developed salt wells or mines and aquifersThe modes of the cave, the ground gas storage device and the underwater gas storage container;
the hydraulic power generation system comprises a bidirectional prime motor and a generator set thereof, namely a bidirectional hydraulic power generation system, or a pair of unidirectional prime motors with opposite directions and generator sets thereof, namely a forward hydraulic power generation system and a reverse hydraulic power generation system; the prime mover is not limited to the form of a water turbine, an industrial turbine or a hydraulic turbine, converts the energy in the liquid into mechanical energy, and has low specific speed of 100 m-kW-200 m-kW and ultra-low specific speed of 10 m-kW-100 m-kW;
the control system comprises the prime mover, a speed regulating system of the generator, an excitation system, a monitoring system, a protection system, an air pressure control system and the like; the air pressure control system has the function of realizing air pressure regulation and control by controlling the opening and closing of the valve;
the channel switching system comprises a valve and a pipeline in the system;
each group of high-pressure gas subsystem comprises an air compression device and a high-pressure gas storage container which are correspondingly connected in sequence, wherein the inlet of the air compression device is communicated with external normal-pressure air, the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage container is connected with the gas inlet of the corresponding gas-liquid mixing subsystem, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the A side is connected with the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side through a forward hydraulic power generation system, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side is connected with the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the A side through a reverse hydraulic; or the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet of the A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem are connected with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the B side gas-liquid mixing subsystem through a bidirectional hydraulic power generation system, and the on-off of all the parts is controlled through a liquid valve or an air valve.
For convenience of explanation, in all the embodiments listed in the present invention, the high-pressure gas system includes 2 groups of juxtaposed a-side high-pressure gas subsystems and 2 groups of juxtaposed B-side high-pressure gas subsystems, the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing container uses water as a working medium, the hydraulic power generation system of the first embodiment and the third embodiment includes a pair of unidirectional prime movers with opposite directions and generator sets thereof, and the hydraulic power generation systems of the second embodiment, the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment include a bidirectional prime mover and generator sets thereof.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the a-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first a-side gas-water mixing container 1, and the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first B-side gas-water mixing container 2; the outlet of the A-side high-pressure gas storage container is respectively connected with one end of a first gas valve 13 and one end of a second gas valve 14, the other ends of the first gas valve 13 and the second gas valve 14 are connected with one end of a A-side high-pressure gas main valve 15, the outlet of the B-side high-pressure gas storage container is respectively connected with one end of a third gas valve 23 and one end of a fourth gas valve 24, the other ends of the third gas valve 23 and the fourth gas valve 24 are connected with one end of a B-side high-pressure gas main valve 25, and the other ends of the A-side high-pressure gas main valve 15 and the B-side high; the water outlet of the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 is connected with the water inlet of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 through a first water valve 31, a first hydraulic turbine 3 and a second water valve 32, and the water outlet of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is connected with the water inlet of the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 through a third water valve 41, a second hydraulic turbine 4 and a fourth water valve 42; the air outlets of the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side and the first air-water mixing container 2 on the B side are respectively connected with one ends of a first exhaust valve 71 and a second exhaust valve 72, and the other ends of the first exhaust valve 71 and the second exhaust valve 72 are communicated with the outside air.
When the energy storage state is running, the air valve I13 is closed, normal pressure air is compressed by the air compressor I11 on the side A and then stored in the high pressure air storage tank I12 on the side A, and the process is repeated by the high pressure air subsystem on the side A; the air valve III 23 is closed, normal pressure air is compressed by the air compressor I21 at the B side and then is stored in the high-pressure air storage tank I22 at the B side, and the rest is done for the high-pressure air subsystem at the B side;
when the power generation state is operated, when water exists in the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side, the high-pressure air main valve 25 on the B side is closed, the first water valve 31 and the second water valve 32 are opened, the third water valve 41 and the fourth water valve 42 are closed, high-pressure gas is contained in the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side, the pressure difference between the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side and the first air-water mixing container 2 on the B side is further adjusted through the second exhaust valve 72, so that high-pressure liquid flows through the first hydraulic turbine 3 to the first air-water mixing container 2 on the B side, a power generator set corresponding to the first hydraulic turbine 3 is driven to generate power, and the second;
at the moment, all water in the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 enters the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2, at least one gas valve of the B-side high-pressure gas subsystem is opened, the main B-side high-pressure gas valve 25 is opened, the main A-side high-pressure gas valve 15 is closed, the first water valve 31 and the second water valve 32 are closed, the third water valve 41 and the fourth water valve 42 are opened, high-pressure gas is released into the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 from the high-pressure gas storage container at the B side, the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is in a high-pressure state, the pressure difference between the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 and the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is adjusted through the second exhaust valve 71, high-pressure liquid flows through the second hydraulic turbine 4 to the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1, a generator set corresponding to; and all water in the first air-water mixing container 2 on the B side enters the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side, so that water recycling and bidirectional power generation are realized.
In the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the difference from the first embodiment is that the first hydraulic turbine 3 and the second hydraulic turbine 4 in the first embodiment are replaced by the two-way hydraulic turbine 8, the third water valve 41 and the fourth water valve 42 are eliminated, the first air-water mixing container 1 on the a side is connected with the first air-water mixing container 2 on the B side through the first water valve 31, the two-way hydraulic turbine 8 and the second water valve 32, the water outlet of the first air-water mixing container 1 on the a side is also the water inlet thereof, and the water inlet of the first air-water mixing container 2 on the B side is also the water outlet thereof.
When the energy storage state is operated, the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment;
when the power generation state is operated, basically the same as the first embodiment is carried out, the first water valve 31 and the second water valve 32 are opened, when water exists in the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side, the high-pressure air main valve 25 on the B side is closed, high-pressure gas is contained in the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side, and the pressure difference is adjusted through the second exhaust valve 72, so that the high-pressure liquid flow of the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side flows through the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 to the first air-water mixing container 2 on the B side, and a generator set corresponding to the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 is driven to; after all the water in the first air-water mixing container 1 on the side A enters the first air-water mixing container 2 on the side B, the high-pressure gas of the high-pressure air subsystem on the side B and the pressure difference are adjusted through a first exhaust valve 71, so that the high-pressure liquid flow of the first air-water mixing container 2 on the side B also flows through a bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 to the first air-water mixing container 1 on the side A, and a generator set corresponding to the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 is driven to generate electricity; and all water in the first air-water mixing container 2 on the B side enters the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side, so that water recycling and bidirectional power generation are realized.
In the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the a-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first a-side gas-water mixing container 1 and a low-pressure gas-water mixing container 5, the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 and a low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6, the first a-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 5 is higher than the first a-side gas-water mixing container 1 in terrain, and the second B-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6 is higher than the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 in terrain; the connection mode of the high-pressure gas system, the high-pressure gas system and the gas-liquid mixing system is the same as that of the first embodiment, the water outlet of the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 is connected with the water inlet of the first B-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6 through a first water valve 31, a first hydraulic turbine 3 and a second water valve 32, the first B-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6 is connected with the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 through a second valve 62, the water outlet of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is connected with the water inlet of the first A-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 5 through a third water valve 41, a second hydraulic turbine 4 and a fourth water valve 42, and the first A-side.
When the energy storage state is operated, the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment;
when the sequential power generation state operates, when water exists in the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side, the high-pressure air main valve 25 on the B side is closed, the first water valve 31 and the second water valve 32 are opened, the third water valve 41 and the fourth water valve 42 are closed, the first valve 51 is closed, and high-pressure gas enables high-pressure liquid flow of the first air-water mixing container 1 on the A side to flow through the first hydraulic turbine 3 to the low-pressure air-water mixing container 6 on the B side to drive a power generator set corresponding to the first hydraulic turbine 3 to generate power; the second valve 62 is opened in the power generation state or after the power generation state is finished, and water in the B-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6 flows into the B-side gas-water mixing container 2 due to the difference of topography;
at the moment, all water in the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 enters the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2, at least one gas valve of the B-side high-pressure gas subsystem is opened, the B-side high-pressure gas main valve 25 is opened, the A-side high-pressure gas main valve 15 is closed, the first water valve 31 and the second water valve 32 are closed, the third water valve 41 and the fourth water valve 42 are opened, the second water valve 62 is closed, high-pressure gas enables high-pressure liquid flow of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 to flow through the second hydraulic turbine 4 to the low-pressure gas-water mixing container 5 on the A side, and a generator set corresponding to the second hydraulic; the first valve 51 is opened in a power generation state or after the power generation state is finished, and water in the A-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 5 flows into the A-side gas-water mixing container 1 due to the difference of topography; therefore, water circulation and bidirectional power generation are realized, the bidirectional power generation mode is sequential power generation, and the power generation sets corresponding to the first water turbine 3 and the second water turbine 4 can also be driven to simultaneously operate and generate power in parallel; in the fourth embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the difference from the third embodiment is only that the hydraulic turbine one 3 and the hydraulic turbine two 4 in the third embodiment are replaced by the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8, the water outlet of the a-side gas-water mixing container one 1 is connected with the water inlet of the B-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6 through the water valve one 31, the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 and the water valve two 32, and the water outlet of the B-side gas-water mixing container one 2 is connected with the water inlet of the a-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 5 through the water valve three 41, the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 and the water valve four 42.
When the energy storage state is operated, the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment;
the power generation state operation mode is basically the same as the sequential power generation operation mode of the third embodiment, when water exists in the A-side gas-water mixing container I1, the high-pressure gas enables the high-pressure liquid flow of the A-side gas-water mixing container I1 to flow through the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 to the B-side low-pressure gas-water mixing container 6, and a power generator set corresponding to the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 is driven to generate power; water in the B-side voltage gas-water mixing container 6 flows into the B-side gas-water mixing container I2 due to the topographic potential difference; all water in the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 flows into the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2, high-pressure gas enables high-pressure liquid flow of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 to flow through the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 to the low-pressure gas-water mixing container 5 on the A side, and a generator set corresponding to the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 is driven to generate electricity; water in the A-side voltage gas-water mixing container 5 flows into the A-side gas-water mixing container I1 due to the topographic potential difference, and all the water returns to the A-side gas-water mixing container I1; thereby realizing bidirectional power generation and water circulation.
In the fifth embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the a-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first a-side gas-water mixing container 1 and a second a-side gas-water mixing container 10, and the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem includes a first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 and a second B-side gas-water mixing container 20; the second air-water mixing container 10 on the side A and the third exhaust valve 73 connected with the second air-water mixing container correspond to the low-pressure air-water mixing container 5 on the side A of the fourth embodiment, the second air-water mixing container 20 on the side B and the fourth exhaust valve 74 connected with the second air-water mixing container correspond to the low-pressure air-water mixing container 6 on the side B of the fourth embodiment, potential difference does not exist among the air-water mixing containers, air outlets of the first air-water mixing container 1 on the side A and the first air-water mixing container 2 on the side B are respectively connected with one ends of the first exhaust valve 71 and the second exhaust valve 72, and the other ends of.
When the energy storage state is operated, the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment;
when one power generation state is operated, the flow direction of liquid flow and the working state of the generator set are the same as those of the fourth embodiment, except that a potential difference exists in the fourth embodiment, and only a pressure difference exists in the fourth embodiment; when water exists in the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1, the pressure difference between the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 and the second B-side gas-water mixing container 20 is adjusted through a fourth exhaust valve 74 by the high-pressure gas of the A-side high-pressure gas-water subsystem, so that the high-pressure liquid flow of the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 flows through the two-way hydraulic turbine 8 to the second B-side gas-water mixing container 20, and a generator set corresponding to the two-way hydraulic turbine 8 is driven to generate electricity; the second valve 62 is opened in the power generation state or after the power generation state is finished, and the pressure difference between the second B-side gas-water mixing container 20 and the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 is adjusted through the second exhaust valve 72, so that water in the second B-side gas-water mixing container 20 flows into the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 due to the pressure difference;
at the moment, all water in the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 flows into the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2, the high-pressure gas of the B-side high-pressure gas-water subsystem adjusts the pressure difference between the second A-side gas-water mixing container 10 and the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 through a third exhaust valve 73, so that the high-pressure liquid flow of the first B-side gas-water mixing container 2 also flows through the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 into the low-pressure A-side gas-water mixing container 5, and a generator set corresponding to the bidirectional hydraulic turbine 8 is driven to generate electricity; after the process is finished, the first valve 51 is opened, and the pressure difference between the second A-side gas-water mixing container 10 and the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 is adjusted through the first exhaust valve 71, so that water in the second A-side gas-water mixing container 10 flows into the first A-side gas-water mixing container 1 due to the pressure difference; thereby realizing bidirectional power generation and water circulation.
As can be seen from the first, second, and fifth embodiments, the gas-liquid mixing vessels included in the a-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem and the B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem are respectively connected to the exhaust valve, or as in the third and fourth embodiments, the topography of the low-pressure gas-liquid mixing vessel is higher than that of the first gas-liquid mixing vessel, however, the same operation effect can be achieved by connecting the exhaust valve to the gas-liquid mixing vessels in the third and fourth embodiments.
When the power generation running state is realized, the upstream compressed air enables the high-pressure liquid flow in the upstream gas-liquid mixing system to flow through the water turbine I or the bidirectional water turbine to the downstream gas-liquid mixing system, and the forward power generation is realized; the downstream compressed air enables high-pressure liquid flow in the downstream gas-liquid mixing system to flow through the second water turbine or the bidirectional water turbine to the upstream gas-liquid mixing system, and reverse power generation is achieved; the liquid flow of the forward power generation and the reverse power generation is recycled, and the first water turbine and the second water turbine are a pair of unidirectional prime movers with opposite directions.
The first, second and fifth embodiments all control the exhaust valve, adjust the pressure or maintain the pressure difference through the pneumatic control system, the given curve of the pressure difference may be a constant value, or may be a planned curve, the method is determined according to the functions, operation and dispatching modes of the generator set in the power grid, generally comprises an AB side gas-liquid mixing container differential pressure constant operation mode and an AB side gas-liquid mixing container differential pressure variable operation mode, the AB side gas-liquid mixing container pressure difference constant operation mode is divided into an A side gas-liquid mixing container pressure constant mode, a B side gas-liquid mixing container pressure constant mode, an AB side gas-liquid mixing container pressure uniform constant mode and an AB side gas-liquid mixing container pressure difference constant mode, and the AB side gas-liquid mixing container pressure difference operation mode is divided into an A side gas-liquid mixing container pressure variable mode, a B side gas-liquid mixing container pressure variable mode and an AB side gas-liquid mixing container pressure uniform variable mode.
In a word, in a power generation operation state, through pressure and pressure difference adjustment, high-pressure liquid flow in the gas-liquid mixing system at the side A flows through the forward hydraulic power generation system to the gas-liquid mixing system at the side B, the forward hydraulic power generation system generates power, high-pressure liquid flow in the gas-liquid mixing system at the side B flows through the reverse hydraulic power generation system to return to the gas-liquid mixing system at the side A, and the reverse hydraulic power generation system generates power to realize bidirectional power generation and liquid flow circulation; or the high-pressure liquid flow in the A side gas-liquid mixing system flows through the bidirectional hydraulic power generation system to the B side gas-liquid mixing system, the bidirectional hydraulic power generation system generates power, the high-pressure liquid flow in the B side gas-liquid mixing system also flows through the bidirectional hydraulic power generation system to return to the A side gas-liquid mixing system, and the bidirectional hydraulic power generation system also generates power to realize bidirectional power generation and liquid flow circulation.
In summary, the power generation system has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, renewable energy sources such as wind power/photovoltaic energy and the like can be converted into compressed air to be stored in a high-pressure gas system, and then the air energy can be converted into electric energy generated by a hydraulic power generation system, so that after the wind power/photovoltaic energy is converted in a series, adverse effects on voltage stability, transient stability and frequency stability of a grid system due to the characteristics of randomness, intermittence, anti-regulation, large output fluctuation and the like are avoided, and the wind power/photovoltaic energy conversion system has the advantages similar to those of a hydroelectric generating set, is beneficial to grid connection of the wind power/photovoltaic energy sources, is beneficial to improvement of the consumption proportion of the renewable energy sources, and relieves the phenomena of;
(2) the invention pushes the liquid in the gas-liquid mixing container to generate electricity by releasing the compressed air, and compared with the conventional pumped storage power plant, the invention does not depend on the terrain drop, so that the power generation system can be realized in different terrains such as rivers, lakes, oceans, mountainous regions, inland, islands and the like;
(3) the invention can realize the hydroelectric power generation from the side A to the side B, and the hydroelectric power generation from the side B to the side A, can be operated sequentially or parallelly, realizes liquid flow circulation and saves resources; and when the power generation state runs in parallel, the power generation efficiency can be improved;
(4) according to the invention, only one ground energy in the AB places is needed to conveniently take liquid into the gas-liquid mixing container, only the gas-liquid mixing container in the one place is needed to contain liquid, so that the requirements of the gas-liquid mixing container and the position of a liquid flow source are reduced, and a power generation system is easier to realize;
(5) no matter the liquid source at the side A is positioned at the downstream, the liquid source at the side B is positioned at the upstream, or the liquid source at the side A is positioned at the upstream, and the liquid source at the side B is positioned at the downstream, the invention can realize power generation from the upstream to the downstream and can also realize power generation from the downstream to the upstream, thereby realizing more diversification of a power generation system;
(6) compared with compressed air energy storage power generation, the invention can determine the required limited air storage container volume according to the unit capacity without depending on a large-capacity cave;
(7) the invention can store redundant electric energy or renewable resources, save resources, reduce the consumption of fossil energy, lighten the pressure on the ecological environment and realize sustainable development;
(8) the gas-liquid mixing container has diversified realization modes, can use any medium as liquid, and has wide application range and strong practicability.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A power generation system is characterized by comprising a high-pressure gas system, a channel switching system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system and a control system, wherein the high-pressure gas system, the gas-liquid mixing system and the hydraulic power generation system are connected through the channel switching system and are controlled by the control system;
the high-pressure gas system comprises N1Group parallel A side high pressure gas subsystem and N2Group-parallel B-side high-pressure gas subsystems, N1≥1，N2≥1；
The gas-liquid mixing system comprises an A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem and a B side gas-liquid mixing subsystem;
the hydraulic power generation system comprises a bidirectional prime motor and a generator set thereof, namely a bidirectional hydraulic power generation system, or a pair of unidirectional prime motors with opposite directions and generator sets thereof, namely a forward hydraulic power generation system and a reverse hydraulic power generation system;
the control system comprises the prime mover, a speed regulating system of the generator set, an excitation system, a monitoring system, a protection system and an air pressure control system;
the channel switching system comprises a valve and a pipeline in the system;
each group of high-pressure gas subsystem comprises an air compression device and a high-pressure gas storage container which are correspondingly connected in sequence, wherein the inlet of the air compression device is communicated with external normal-pressure air, the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage container is connected with the gas inlet of the corresponding gas-liquid mixing subsystem, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the A side is connected with the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side through a forward hydraulic power generation system, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side is connected with the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the A side through a reverse hydraulic; or the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet of the A side gas-liquid mixing subsystem are connected with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the B side gas-liquid mixing subsystem through a bidirectional hydraulic power generation system, and the on-off of all the parts is controlled through a liquid valve or an air valve.
2. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the power generation system has an energy storage state and a power generation state, and the energy storage state is realized by the high-pressure gas system, the channel switching system and the control system; the power generation state is realized by a high-pressure gas system, a gas-liquid mixing system, a hydraulic power generation system, a channel switching system and a control system together, and the hydraulic power generation system generates power hydraulically.
3. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the a-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises M1A gas-liquid mixing container at the A side, and a gas-liquid mixing subsystem at the B side comprising M2A gas-liquid mixing container at side B, M1≥1，M2The gas-liquid mixing container is characterized in that gas and liquid coexist in proportion in the gas-liquid mixing container, the gas-liquid mixing container on the A side is sequentially connected through a valve, the gas-liquid mixing container on the B side is sequentially connected through a valve, and the gas-liquid mixing container with one end connected with the high-pressure gas system is the gas-liquid mixing container where the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem is locatedAnd the gas-liquid mixing container at the other end is a gas-liquid mixing container with a liquid inlet of the gas-liquid mixing subsystem.
4. A power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the a-side gas-liquid mixing vessel and the B-side gas-liquid mixing vessel are connected to a vent valve.
5. The power generation system of claim 3, wherein the A-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises a first A-side gas-liquid mixing container and a low-pressure A-side gas-liquid mixing container, the second B-side gas-liquid mixing subsystem comprises a first B-side gas-liquid mixing container and a low-pressure B-side gas-liquid mixing container, the topography of the low-pressure gas-liquid mixing container is higher than that of the corresponding first gas-liquid mixing container, or the first gas-liquid mixing containers are connected with exhaust valves, the first gas-liquid mixing container is connected with the high-pressure gas system, the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid mixing container is the liquid outlet of the corresponding gas-liquid mixing subsystem, and the liquid inlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid mixing container is the liquid.
6. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the pressure of the gas in the high pressure gas storage vessel is not less than 0.13 MPa.
7. An electrical power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is water, brine or a high density liquid.
8. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the gas-liquid mixing vessel is embodied as an underground pit, underground cavern, abandoned mine, developed salt well or mine, aquifer cavern, surface gas storage device or underwater gas storage container.
9. An electric power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the prime mover of the hydraulic power generation system has a low specific speed of 100 m-kW to 200 m-kW and an ultra-low specific speed of 10 m-kW to 100 m-kW, and the prime mover is a hydraulic turbine, an industrial turbine or a hydraulic turbine.
10. A power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation system can be implemented in different terrains of rivers, lakes, oceans, mountainous regions, inland regions, islands in the sea.
CN201911029903.1A 2019-10-25 2019-10-25 Power generation system Pending CN110714903A (en)

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