CN111233490B - 一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111233490B
CN111233490B CN202010126200.7A CN202010126200A CN111233490B CN 111233490 B CN111233490 B CN 111233490B CN 202010126200 A CN202010126200 A CN 202010126200A CN 111233490 B CN111233490 B CN 111233490B
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李春光
罗旭东
李季佳
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Anshan Tengtai Refractories Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明专利涉及一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂及制备方法,以铝土矿、硫酸、氢氧化铝、氟化铝和氯化铝为原料。将铝土矿粉碎后置于反应釜中与硫酸反应,静置,向上清液中加入硫酸PH=7~10,然后冷却析晶,得到的晶体产物与氢氧化铝、氟化铝和氯化铝一同经破碎、预混、球磨,从而得到一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂,该粘结剂有效提升高铝耐火砖的致密度、耐火度、抗热震性以及荷重软化温度等性能。

Description

一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及无机化工技术领域,具体涉及一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂及制备方法。
背景技术
高铝砖属于高级耐火材料,它具有比黏土砖和半硅砖都要高的耐火度,同时他具有良好的荷重软化温度,导热性以及抗热震稳定性,但目前高铝砖在对于粘结剂的选择上仍然是影响高铝砖性能的一大瓶颈。
软质粘土具有较好的塑性,因此,制造高铝砖通常采用软质粘土作粘结剂。但是粘土中的游离SiO2与高铝矾土熟料中的游离Al2O3在1200℃下发生二次莫来石化反应,产生较大的体积膨胀,硅的气孔率增大,强度降低。若使用有机物质作为高铝砖的粘结剂,虽然有机物质具有良好的粘结性,并在烧后挥发,不引入杂质,但是有机结合剂本身不宜保存,且有机结合剂经高温会挥发有毒气体,对人体造成伤害,同时有机结合剂在烧后留有气孔,大量的气孔影响制品致密性,从而降低制品的耐热耐腐蚀性。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂及制备方法,以纯度大于95%的分析纯级铝土矿、硫酸、氢氧化铝、氟化铝和氯化铝为原料,经析晶、破碎、预混、球磨后制备一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂,具有良好的粘结性,同时提升高铝砖致密性、耐火度、抗热震性以及荷重软化温度的性能。
为实现上述目的,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂及制备方法,其具体工艺步骤如下:
(1)以重量份计,将50~80份铝土矿粉碎至粒度为100~200目,置于200~300℃反应釜中与20~50份浓硫酸反应30~60min,静置,向上清液中滴加浓硫酸至PH=7~10后,冷却析晶,得晶体产物;
(2)将上述晶体产物与10~30份氢氧化铝一同置于颚式破碎机或对辊破碎机中,破碎成粒度为100~200目的微粉物料;
(3)将上述微粉物料中加入1~10份氟化铝和1~10份氯化铝,一同置于碾子中预混10~20min,得预混物料;
(4)将预混物料放入球磨机中,球磨1~3h,即得到烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂。
所述步骤(1)中冷却析晶温度优选为100~120℃。
所述步骤(3)中的碾子为磨锑湿碾机或磨铝湿碾机。
所述步骤(4)中所得的烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂应密封保存。
气孔率高、Al2O3含量低是影响铝质耐火材料常温机械性能和高温机械性能的两个重要因素,若使用传统有机结合剂,气孔率必定增大;若使用传统黏土类无机材料结合剂则会引入SiO2杂质,降低制品中Al2O3含量,进而影响铝质耐火材料性能。本发明方法使用的铝土矿、氢氧化铝、氟化铝、氯化铝均为铝基原料,同时具有粘结性,在不引入新杂质的条件下,完美替代了传统结合剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明以铝土矿、硫酸、氢氧化铝、氟化铝和氯化铝为原料制备铝基粘结剂,用以替代高铝砖传统粘结剂,解决使用传统高铝砖粘结剂的高铝制品较大体积膨胀、气孔率大、常温强度低、不宜保存以及对人身体造成伤害大等问题。使用烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂结合的高铝砖对比传统结合剂高铝砖的气孔率降低4~6%、常温耐压强度提高5~10MPa、抗热震性提升10~15次、荷重软化温度提高5~20℃、耐火度提高5~20℃。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的制备方法做进一步说明:
实施例1:
将3.5kg铝土矿粉碎至粒度为100~200目,置于300℃反应釜中与1.5kg浓硫酸反应30min,静置,向上清液中滴加浓硫酸至PH=8后,于115℃下冷却析晶,得晶体产物;将上述晶体产物与5.7kg氢氧化铝一同置于颚式破碎机中,破碎成粒度为100~200目的微粉物料;将上述微粉物料中加入0.2kg氟化铝和0.1kg氯化铝,一同置于磨铝湿碾机中预混20min,得预混物料;将预混物料放入球磨机中,球磨3h,即得到一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂。
用该铝基粘结剂制备高铝耐火砖,其步骤如下:1)将45份粒度为3~1mm的矾土骨料骨料、15份粒度为1~0mm的矾土骨料骨料、3份粘结剂和5份水共同混合30min;2)将35份粒度为100~200目的矾土细粉和5份粒度为100~200目的氧化铝粉加入步骤1)所得物料中,继续混合30min,得混合物料;3)将混合物料以50MPa压制成型后,于110℃干燥48h,得干燥的高铝耐火砖生坯;4)将干燥的高铝耐火砖生坯以6℃/min的升温速度至1550℃,保温3小时,随炉自然冷却后取出,即得到高铝耐火砖。
本实验制备的高铝耐火砖体密2.62g/cm3、显气孔率18%、常温耐压强度67MPa、抗热震性65次、荷重软化温度1548℃、耐火度1804℃。
实施例2:
将4.0kg铝土矿粉碎至粒度为100~200目,置于300℃反应釜中与1.0kg浓硫酸反应30min,静置,向上清液中滴加浓硫酸至PH=8后,于115℃下冷却析晶,得晶体产物;将上述晶体产物与5.8kg氢氧化铝一同置于颚式破碎机中,破碎成粒度为100~200目的微粉物料;将上述微粉物料中加入0.1kg氟化铝和0.1kg氯化铝,一同置于磨铝湿碾机中预混20min,得预混物料;将预混物料放入球磨机中,球磨3h,即得到一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂。
用该铝基粘结剂制备高铝耐火砖,其步骤同实施例1。
本实验制备的高铝耐火砖体密2.66g/cm3、显气孔率17%、常温耐压强度67MPa、抗热震性66次、荷重软化温度1539℃、耐火度1793℃。
实施例3:
将3.9kg铝土矿粉碎至粒度为100~200目,置于300℃反应釜中与1.1kg浓硫酸反应30min,静置,向上清液中滴加浓硫酸至PH=8后,于115℃下冷却析晶,得晶体产物;将上述晶体产物与5.6kg氢氧化铝一同置于颚式破碎机中,破碎成粒度为100~200mm的微粉物料;将上述微粉物料中加入0.2kg氟化铝和0.2kg氯化铝,一同置于磨铝湿碾机中预混20min,得预混物料;将预混物料放入球磨机中,球磨3h,即得到一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂。
用该铝基粘结剂制备高铝耐火砖,其步骤同实施例1。
本实验制备的高铝耐火砖体密2.65g/cm3、显气孔率17%、常温耐压强度69MPa、抗热震性67次、荷重软化温度1569℃、耐火度1788℃。
对比例(以软质粘土做为铝基粘结剂)
将45kg粒度为3~1mm的矾土骨料骨料、15kg粒度为1~0mm的矾土骨料骨料、3kg软质粘土和5kg水共同混合30min;再将35kg粒度为200目的矾土细粉和5kg粒度为200目的氧化铝粉加入其中,继续混合10~30min,得混合物料;将混合物料以50MPa压制成型后,于110℃干燥48h,得干燥的高铝耐火砖生坯;将干燥的高铝耐火砖生坯以6℃/min的升温速度至1550℃,保温3小时,随炉自然冷却后取出,即得到高铝耐火砖。
本实验制备的高铝耐火砖体密2.50g/cm3、显气孔率22%、常温耐压强度60MPa、抗热震性52次、荷重软化温度1532℃、耐火度1783℃。
经对比实施例1、实施例2、实施例3与对比例(软质粘土)的参数可以看出:使用相同原料的高铝耐火砖,加入铝基粘结剂比使用传统粘结剂的高铝耐火砖具有更好的韧性,能够承受较大的外力作用,受到碰撞时不易碎裂,使用铝基粘结剂的高铝耐火砖抗热震性增强、耐火度的提高,说明铝基粘结剂的加入提高原料中的Al2O3含量。铝基结合剂大大提高了高铝耐火砖的适用范围,有利于对高铝耐火砖的推广。

Claims (4)

1.一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂的制备方法,其特征在于,以纯度大于95%的分析纯级的铝土矿、硫酸、氢氧化铝、氟化铝和氯化铝为原料,经析晶、破碎、预混、球磨制备高铝砖用铝基粘结剂,其工艺步骤具体如下:
(1)以重量份计,将50~80份铝土矿粉碎至粒度为100~200目,置于200~300℃反应釜中与20~50份浓硫酸反应30~60min,静置,向上清液中滴加浓硫酸至PH=7~10后,于80~130℃冷却析晶,得晶体产物;
(2)将上述晶体产物与10~30份氢氧化铝一同置于颚式破碎机或对辊破碎机中,破碎成粒度为100~200目的微粉物料;
(3)将上述微粉物料中加入1~10份氟化铝和1~10份氯化铝,一同置于碾子中预混10~20min,得预混物料;
(4)将预混物料放入球磨机中,球磨1~3h,即得到一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中冷却析晶温度优选为100~120℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中的碾子为磨锑湿碾机或磨铝湿碾机。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)中所得的烧结高铝砖用铝基粘结剂应密封保存。
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