CN111228474A - 一种高效鸭坦布苏病毒病亚单位疫苗及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高效鸭坦布苏病毒病亚单位疫苗及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种高效鸭坦布苏病毒病亚单位疫苗的制备方法,包括步骤:1)鸭坦布苏病毒E蛋白抗原表位的筛选;2)多表位串联基因的构建与人工合成;3)重组质粒pFastHT A‑TBE的构建;4)重组穿梭载体rBacmid‑TBE的构建;5)重组杆状病毒rBV‑TBE的构建。本发明利用杆状病毒表达系统表达的TBE融合表位蛋白可诱导机体产生高水平血清抗体,并能够对鸭子产生较好保护。本发明预测及表达的DTMUV TBE融合表位蛋白具有免疫原性有保护力,可做为一种安全有效的新型鸭坦布苏病毒病候选亚单位疫苗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高效鸭坦布苏病毒病亚单位疫苗及其制备方法,属于兽用生物制品技术领域。
背景技术
鸭坦布苏病毒病是由鸭坦布苏病毒(Duck tembusu virus,DTMUV)引起的一种新型传染病,主要引起蛋鸭产蛋量骤然大幅下降,同时以卵巢充血、出血、雏鸭发生神经症状甚至死亡等为主要特征。DTMUV属于黄病毒科、黄病毒属、恩他耶病毒群,为单股正链RNA病毒,长约10990nt,编码一个多聚蛋白,编码3个结构蛋白(C、PrM、E)和7个非结构蛋白(NS1、NS2A、NS2B、NS3、NS4A、NS4B、NS5)。
DTMUV E蛋白是病毒的主要结构蛋白,在病毒吸附、与宿主细胞膜融合、细胞嗜性、病毒毒力以及病毒组装过程中发挥重要的作用,蛋白表面存在大量的抗原表位,可诱导产生中和抗体。而黄病毒中E蛋白核苷酸序列的同源性较高,在氨基酸序列和结构上比较保守,不同的黄病毒E蛋白之间可能具有相似的结构和功能,因此各个病毒血清间存在一定的交叉反应性。
杆状病毒/昆虫细胞表达系统(Bac-to-Bac expressionsystem)是当前应用较为广泛的表达系统之一。利用该表达系统在昆虫细胞中表达的外源蛋白具有能正确折叠、转录后加工修饰、糖基化,并且生物活性较好且安全性较高。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供一种高效鸭坦布苏病毒病亚单位疫苗及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的一种高效鸭坦布苏病毒病亚单位疫苗的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)鸭坦布苏病毒E蛋白抗原表位的筛选:以鸭坦布苏病毒囊膜蛋白基因序列为基础,筛选出2段T细胞表位与8段B细胞表位;
2)多表位串联基因的构建与人工合成:以筛选出的2段T细胞表位与8段B细胞表位多肽氨基酸序列为依据,在两个不同表位间分别引入柔性氨基酸G1y-ser作为柔性肽,串联构成一个连续的开放阅读框,并在DNA序列的两端加NcoⅠ和XhoⅠ酶切位点,合成DNA基因,命名为TBE,将TBE基因连接至pMDl8-T中,命名为pMDl8-T-TBE;
3)重组质粒pFastHTA-TBE的构建:NcoⅠ和XhoⅠ分别对pMDl8-T-TBE、pFastHT A质粒进行双酶切,分别回收载体片段与目的基因片段,用T4 DNA连接酶将目的基因片段连接到杆状病毒表达载体pFastHTA上,然后转化至DH5α感受态细胞中,构建pFastHTA-TBE,将酶切鉴定正确的重组质粒测序;
4)重组穿梭载体rBacmid-TBE的构建:将pFastHTA-TBE转化DH10Bac感受态细胞,37℃培养24~48h,通过蓝白菌落筛选,并提取rBacmid-TBE,以M13通用引物进行PCR鉴定;
5)重组杆状病毒rBV-TBE的构建:将纯化的rBacmid-TBE,利用脂质体LipofectamineTM2000转染Sf9昆虫细胞,提取病毒DNA,PCR鉴定为阳性的重组病毒低剂量感染Sf9昆虫细胞,经2代扩大培养后收获培养上清液,即获得重组杆状病毒rBV-TBE,4℃避光保存。
本发明还提供了一种高效鸭坦布苏病毒病亚单位疫苗,其由上述方法制得。
本发明中,首先通过生物信息学软件分析预测,筛选出坦布苏病毒E蛋白8段B细胞表位与2段T细胞表位抗原表位,为使目的蛋白具有较好的稳定性与生物活性,选在每个表位后面引入1个Gly-Ser连接肽。将人工合成的串联表位基因(TBE)连接pFastHT表达载体,在昆虫细胞中成功表达了坦布苏病毒TBE蛋白,Western blot与IFA鉴定结果表明,利用杆状病毒表达系统能正确地表达TBE蛋白。将表达的TBE蛋白免疫动物,ELISA结果显示,在免疫21d内血清中抗体水平一直保持增长趋势;MTT试验结果也显示TBE蛋白能够促进T淋巴细胞增殖,表明TBE蛋白具有良好的抗原性;攻毒保护试验结果显示,0.3mL组免疫保护率为80%,0.6mL和0.8mL组保护率均为100%,而对照组雏鸭均表现为典型的DTMUV感染症状,其中4只死亡,表明0.6mL为最低免疫剂量。
附图说明
图1为本发明中重组表达质粒ppFastHTA-TBE酶切鉴定图;图中,M为DL15 000 DNA分子标准;1为pFastHTA-TBE重组质粒酶切结果;
图2为本发明重组杆粒rBacmid-TBE的鉴定图;图中,M为DL15 000 DNA分子标准;1为PCR鉴定rBacmid-TBE产物;2为未重组质粒PCR产物;
图3为重组杆状病毒rBV-TBE感染Sf9昆虫细胞图;图中,A为正常Sf9昆虫细胞对照;B为rBV-TBE感染的Sf9昆虫细胞;
图4为表达产物的SDS-PAGE及Western-blot分析结果图;图中,M为蛋白分子量标准;1为正常Sf9细胞培养产物;2-3为重组杆状病毒感染的细胞培养产物;4为Western blot检测表达产物;
图5为荧光显微镜下检测到表达蛋白的细胞图;图中,A为表达TBE蛋白的Sf9昆虫细胞;B为空白对照;
图6为免疫雏鸭血清中抗体水平变化图;
图7为免疫鸭血清中和抗体测定图;图中,1为TBE/Al(OH)3组;2为TBE组;3为PBS组;4为Al(OH)3组。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明了,下面对本发明进行进一步详细说明。但是应该理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
本发明中使用的主要材料:病毒株、质粒、菌种及细胞:DTMUV JSXZ株由本校分子病毒学实验室分离并保存,菌种、质粒pFastHTA与Sf9昆虫细胞均购自GIBCO BRL公司。DH5α和DH10Bac E.coli菌株由本校分子病毒实验室保存。
主要试剂Ex Taq DNA多聚酶、dNTP、T4DNA连接酶和各种限制性内切酶购自大连宝生物工程公司,DNA凝胶纯化试剂盒、质粒抽提试剂盒均购自百泰克公司。昆虫细胞培养基(Grace’s)和LipofectamineTM 2000转染试剂购自美国Invitrogen公司。
一种高效鸭坦布苏病毒病亚单位疫苗的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)鸭坦布苏病毒E蛋白抗原表位的筛选
以鸭坦布苏病毒囊膜蛋白(Envelope,E)基因序列为基础,采用生物信息学技术Chou-Fasman法、Garnier-Robson法和Karplus-Schulz法预测蛋白质的二级结构;按Kyte-DoOli-ttle方案、Emini方案和Jameson-Wolf方案综合考虑二级结构、亲水性、抗原指数等因素,筛选出2段T细胞表位与8段B细胞表位;
应用DNAMAN软件对鸭坦布苏病毒囊膜蛋白E基因进行分析。理论上应该选取亲水性大于0,抗原性大于O,表面可及性大于1的序列。同时根据预测结果,对该基因的二级结构、亲水性、抗原性、表面可及性等因素进行综合分析,筛选出8段B细胞表位(F1-F8)与2段T细胞表位(F9-F10)(表1),共139个aa。
2)多表位串联基因的构建与人工合成
以筛选出的2段T细胞表位与8段B细胞表位多肽氨基酸序列为依据,在两个不同表位间分别引入柔性氨基酸G1y-ser(甘氨酸-丝氨酸)作为柔性肽,串联构成一个连续的开放阅读框,并在DNA序列的两端加NcoⅠ和XhoⅠ酶切位点,DNA全长由上海生工基因合成部合成。新基因命名为TBE,其DNA序列所编码的氨基酸序列见表1。将TBE基因连接至pMDl8-T中,命名为pMDl8-T-TBE。
表l TBE的氨基酸序列
阅读框 | aa长度(139) | 氨基酸序列 |
F1 | 17 | 52-ELAVVRSYCYEPKVSDV-68 |
F2 | 10 | 86-TYAEYICKKD-95 |
F3 | 27 | 152-YHNYSAQQSLKHAARFVITPKSPVYTA-178 |
F4 | 7 | 199-GQFYVFT-205 |
F5 | 12 | 285-HLKCRVKMQGLK-296 |
F6 | 13 | 302-YPMCSNTFSLVKN-314 |
F7 | 14 | 352-VGRLITVNPYVSTS-365 |
F8 | 16 | 483-MTFLAVGGILVFLAVN-498 |
F9 | 15 | 20-WIDVVLEGGSCVTIT-34 |
F10 | 8 | 465-LGALLLWM-472 |
3)重组质粒pFastHTA-TBE的构建
NcoⅠ和XhoⅠ分别对pMDl8-T-TBE、pFastHTA质粒进行双酶切,分别回收载体片段与目的基因片段,用T4 DNA连接酶将目的基因片段连接到杆状病毒表达载体pFastHTA上,然后转化至DH5α感受态细胞中,构建pFastHTA-TBE,将酶切鉴定正确的重组质粒送南京金斯瑞生物科技有限公司测序;
将重组质粒pFastHT A-TBE用NcoⅠ和XhoⅠ双酶切,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定可见约4800bp和417bp的条带,与预期相符(图1)。重组质粒测序结果表明没有碱基突变或缺失,读框正确。
4)重组穿梭载体rBacmid-TBE的构建
将pFastHTA-TBE转化DH10Bac感受态细胞,37℃培养24~48h,通过蓝白菌落筛选,并提取rBacmid-TBE,以M13通用引物进行PCR鉴定;
同时设立Bac-mid对照,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定可见约2847bp、300bp的条带(图2),与预期大小相符,表明重组杆rBac-mid-TBE构建成功。
5)重组杆状病毒rBV-TBE的构建
将纯化的rBacmid-TBE,利用脂质体LipofectamineTM 2000转染Sf9昆虫细胞,于28℃培养,待2~3d后出现细胞病变,主要表现为细胞变大、变圆、膨胀、破碎、折光率降低等(图3)。裂解细胞,离心后收集其上清液作为种毒保存,并经细胞传代进一步鉴定。PCR鉴定为阳性的重组病毒低剂量感染Sf9昆虫细胞,经2代扩大培养后收获培养上清液,即获得了重组杆状病毒rBV-TBE,4℃避光保存。
6)重组蛋白表达的鉴定
6.1)重组蛋白表达的检测
利用昆虫细胞裂解液将rBV-TBE感染Sf9昆虫细胞及未接种病毒Sf9昆虫细胞分别裂解,对表达的蛋白进行SDS-PAGE检测;
6.2)重组蛋白表达的鉴定
参考(王瑞.鸭坦布苏病毒E蛋白在昆虫细胞中的表达及其免疫原性的初步研究[D].安徽农业大学硕士学位论文,2017:05)的方法进行,一抗为鼠抗TBE蛋白抗体,二抗为羊抗鼠IgG-HRP(1:2000)进行Western blot鉴定;
将重组病毒rBV-TBE感染的细胞裂解物经SDS-PAGE检测,结果显示表达的目的蛋白约为17ku,与预期产物的大小相符。Western-blot试验结果表明,重组病毒表达的重组蛋白能够被鼠抗E蛋白抗体特异性识别(图4)。
6.3)间接免疫荧光法(IFA)鉴定
按照参考(李国华.杆状病毒系统中地方株轮状病毒蛋白的重组表达及病毒样颗粒[D].中国协和医科大学中国医学科学院博士学位论文,2001:10)介绍的方法进行,一抗为鼠抗TBE蛋白抗体,二抗为1:2000倍稀释的FITC标记的羊抗鼠抗体,同时设未接种病毒的Sf9细胞为阴性对照;
以鼠抗E蛋白抗体为一抗,羊抗鼠IgG-FITC为二抗,通过IFA检测重组病毒感染的Sf9细胞,结果呈绿色荧光阳性反应,表明TBE蛋白获得正确的表达(图5)。
7)TBE蛋白定量
按照BCA定量试剂盒说明测定总蛋白浓度,并跑SDS-PAGE蛋白胶,利用蛋白纯度测定仪测定TBE蛋白纯度,从而计算目的蛋白TBE的浓度;
8)TBE蛋白疫苗免疫效果测定
随机抽取80只雏鸭,平均分为4组,以Al(OH)3做为佐剂,分别免疫0.1μg/mL的TBE蛋白0.3mL/只、0.6mL/只、0.8mL/只各一组,以及PBS对照组;
8.1)鸭血清抗体水平检测
分别于免疫前、免疫后7d、14d、21d静脉采血,分离血清;利用间接ELISA方法测定免疫鸭的抗体水平;E蛋白为包被抗原,0.25μg/孔。加入待检血清与酶标二抗,分别孵育30min;以TMB显色,测OD450nm值;
通过ELISA检测免疫后各组鸭体内抗体水平,结果显示:免疫后7d各免疫组均有抗体产生,14d各组的抗体水平均有不同程度的上升,0.6mL组抗体水平与0.3mL组相比差异显著(p﹤0.05),与0.8mL组相比差异不显著;首免后21d,各组抗体水平继续升高(图6)。
8.2)MTT试验检测T淋巴细胞增殖
制备免疫雏鸭脾淋巴细胞悬液,2×105/孔铺于96孔板中,分别加入ConA、重组蛋白刺激细胞,并设细胞对照组,于37℃,5%CO2中培养72h,每孔加入100μLMTT(终浓度为5μg/mL),继续培养6h取出培养板,加入200μL/孔DMSO,振荡20min后,测定OD570nm值;
采用MTT方法检测免疫雏鸭脾脏T淋巴细胞对特异性抗原诱导的增殖反应,以刺激组OD570nm值/未刺激组OD570nm值表示各组的刺激指数(SI),结果表明与对照组相比,免疫组与对照组均有显著性差异(p﹤0.05),表明T淋巴细胞增殖能力得到了增强(表2)。
表2 T淋巴细胞增殖反应刺激指数
Group | 0.2mL | 0.4mL | 0.6mL | PBS |
SI | 1.049±0.013a | 1.132±0.011a | 1.147±0.01a | 0.803±0.025 |
Note:a:p﹤0.05vs control group.
8.3)血清中和抗体滴度检测
微量中和试验检测免疫鸭血清中和抗体滴度。96孔板中第1孔加入200TCID50/100μL病毒液,倍比稀释成100TCID50,50,25,12,6……0.7。将待检血清倍比稀释(A-H)成1:10、1:20、1:40……1:1280。其中A2列各孔加入同倍稀释的PBS组小鼠血清,做阴性对照。微量板中每孔加100μL鸡胚成纤维细胞液(1.5×104个细胞/孔),37℃温箱孵育,每日观察细胞病变,7~10d根据最终病变结果判定血清中和抗体滴度;
微量中和试验检测免疫鸭血清中和抗体滴度,病毒滴度检测孔在12 TCID50之前的各稀释度细胞均有病变,说明病毒TCID50测定结果准确。重组蛋白疫苗免疫组鸭血清均不同程度产生了中和抗体。其中,的鸭中和抗体滴度达1:121、TBE蛋白肌注组达1:46、取末次免疫后各组小鼠血清中和抗体常用对数值作直方图(图7)。
9)攻毒保护试验
在免疫后28d,每组各20只鸭子以每只肌肉途径接种200U(1 ELD50病毒量为1U)的DTMUV JSXZ株进行攻毒,并连续连续观察15d。
在首免后28d时进行攻毒观察15d,对照组10只鸭均出现明显的DTMUV感染临床症状,主要表现为食欲不振、排绿色粪便等症状,后期则出现瘫痪等神经症状,其中4只死亡,剖检显示病鸭肝脏、脾脏出血坏死,腺胃、胰腺、脑膜出血等病变;0.3mL免疫组中有3只鸭出现食欲不振、排绿色粪便等轻微症状,15d后症状基本消失,其保护率为70%;0.6mL和0.8mL免疫组中10只鸭未出现任何临床症状,剖检变化也未见异常,保护率均为100%(表3)。
表3免疫后DTMUV攻毒试验结果
组别 | 攻毒数/只 | 发病数/只 | 死亡数/只 | 保护率 |
0.3mLgroup | 10 | 3 | 0 | 70% |
0.6mLgroup | 10 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
0.8mLgroup | 10 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
Controlgroup | 10 | 10 | 4 | 0 |
鸭坦布苏病毒病是一种新发传染病,给我国鸭养殖业造成了巨大经济损失。病目前尚无有效的治疗方案,为了有效预防DTMUV的感染,相关疫苗的研制需求十分迫切。目前,DTMUV的油乳剂灭活苗已经上市,效果显著;可用于研制DTMUV弱毒疫苗的候选株亦被筛选到。灭活疫苗安全性高,效价稳定,但存在着用量大、产生免疫力慢等缺点;弱毒疫苗免疫效力高,持续期长,但该疫苗还有很大缺陷,存在毒力返强的可能性,并存在向周围环境散毒的可能性。随着生物技术的发展,新型疫苗的研发也在快速推进。杆状病毒表达系统的显著优点是杆状病毒与昆虫细胞的组合可以高水平表达外源蛋白并提供良好的转录后修饰,使表达的蛋白具有天然的生物活性。而且杆状病毒只感染昆虫,对脊椎动物安全,无致病性。同时昆虫细胞可以实现在无血清培养基中的悬浮培养,对气体条件要求不严格,因此是一种理想的蛋白表达系统。
E蛋白是黄病毒最大的结构蛋白,其既含有群特异性抗原表位又含有型特异性抗原表位,且有与中和抗体反应的抗原决定簇,是宿主抗感染免疫的重要保护性抗原,是制备亚单位疫苗及基因工程疫苗良好的备选基因。
本发明中,首先通过生物信息学软件分析预测,筛选出坦布苏病毒E蛋白8段B细胞表位与2段T细胞表位抗原表位,为使目的蛋白具有较好的稳定性与生物活性,选在每个表位后面引入1个Gly-Ser连接肽。将人工合成的串联表位基因(TBE)连接pFastHT表达载体,在昆虫细胞中成功表达了坦布苏病毒TBE蛋白,Western blot与IFA鉴定结果表明,利用杆状病毒表达系统能正确地表达TBE蛋白。将表达的TBE蛋白免疫动物,ELISA结果显示,在免疫21d内血清中抗体水平一直保持增长趋势;MTT试验结果也显示TBE蛋白能够促进T淋巴细胞增殖,表明TBE蛋白具有良好的抗原性;攻毒保护试验结果显示,0.3mL组免疫保护率为80%,0.6mL和0.8mL组保护率均为100%,而对照组雏鸭均表现为典型的DTMUV感染症状,其中4只死亡,表明0.6mL为最低免疫剂量。
以上结果均表明,利用杆状病毒表达系统表达的TBE融合表位蛋白可诱导机体产生高水平血清抗体,并能够对鸭子产生较好保护。因此,本发明预测及表达的DTMUV TBE融合表位蛋白具有免疫原性有保护力,可做为一种安全有效的新型鸭坦布苏病毒病候选亚单位疫苗。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换或改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种高效鸭坦布苏病毒病亚单位疫苗的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)鸭坦布苏病毒E蛋白抗原表位的筛选:以鸭坦布苏病毒囊膜蛋白基因序列为基础,筛选出2段T细胞表位与8段B细胞表位;
2)多表位串联基因的构建与人工合成:以筛选出的2段T细胞表位与8段B细胞表位多肽氨基酸序列为依据,在两个不同表位间分别引入柔性氨基酸G1y-ser作为柔性肽,串联构成一个连续的开放阅读框,并在DNA序列的两端加NcoⅠ和XhoⅠ酶切位点,合成DNA基因,命名为TBE,将TBE基因连接至pMDl8-T中,命名为pMDl8-T-TBE;
3)重组质粒pFastHTA-TBE的构建:NcoⅠ和XhoⅠ分别对pMDl8-T-TBE、pFastHTA质粒进行双酶切,分别回收载体片段与目的基因片段,用T4 DNA连接酶将目的基因片段连接到杆状病毒表达载体pFastHTA上,然后转化至DH5α感受态细胞中,构建pFastHTA-TBE,将酶切鉴定正确的重组质粒测序;
4)重组穿梭载体rBacmid-TBE的构建:将pFastHTA-TBE转化DH10Bac感受态细胞,37℃培养24~48h,通过蓝白菌落筛选,并提取rBacmid-TBE,以M13通用引物进行PCR鉴定;
5)重组杆状病毒rBV-TBE的构建:将纯化的rBacmid-TBE,利用脂质体LipofectamineTM2000转染Sf9昆虫细胞,提取病毒DNA,PCR鉴定为阳性的重组病毒低剂量感染Sf9昆虫细胞,经2代扩大培养后收获培养上清液,即获得重组杆状病毒rBV-TBE,4℃避光保存。
2.一种高效鸭坦布苏病毒病亚单位疫苗,其特征在于,所述高效鸭坦布苏病毒病亚单位疫苗采用权利要求1所述方法制得。
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
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ZHOU XIN-RONG等: "Whole-genome sequence of duck Tembusu virus strain DTM UV/CH/2014, isolated in China", 《GENOME ANNOUNC》 * |
刘宗梁等: "鸭坦布苏病毒E蛋白膜外区的原核表达与鉴定", 《中国兽医科学》 * |
王瑞: "鸭坦布苏病毒E蛋白在昆虫细胞中的表达及其免疫原性的初步研究", 《CNKI中国知网,中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库,农业科技辑,安徽农业大学硕士学位论文》 * |
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