CN111228218A - 替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束及其制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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CN111228218A
CN111228218A CN202010107099.0A CN202010107099A CN111228218A CN 111228218 A CN111228218 A CN 111228218A CN 202010107099 A CN202010107099 A CN 202010107099A CN 111228218 A CN111228218 A CN 111228218A
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李玉玲
张诃娜
许康
杜百祥
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Abstract

替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束,包括亲水壳及疏水内核,亲水壳为聚恶唑啉或聚乙二醇,疏水内核均为聚替莫唑胺。其制备方法为:通过酯化反应将聚恶唑啉或聚乙二醇与4‑氰基‑4‑戊酸反应,以所得产物为大分子RAFT试剂在偶氮二异丁腈的催化下与替莫唑胺‑甲基丙烯酸甲酯反应得两亲性嵌段聚合物。本发明的两亲性嵌段聚合物可延长替莫唑胺的半衰期,两种两亲嵌段聚合物纳米胶束,均属于替莫唑胺的药物前体,同时胶束内核可以包载其他抗癌药物,实现不同药物的组合治疗。聚恶唑啉‑聚替莫唑胺胶束进入肿瘤细胞后,在癌细胞内的酸性环境下裂解,包封的药物被快速释放出来,从而产生高效治疗作用,解决了药物载体药物释放缓慢,容易产生抗药性的问题。

Description

替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束及其制备方法与应用
技术领域
本发明涉及两亲性嵌段聚合物,具备涉及替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
近几十年来,各种纳米载体广泛发展应用于改善癌症化疗效果,这些纳米载体由于其增强的通透性和滞留(EPR)效应而具有靶向控制释放抗癌药物的能力。其中,两亲性嵌段聚合物形成的胶束在药物释放领域引起了极大的兴趣。两亲嵌段聚合物的聚合物胶束是一种抗癌药物纳米载体,广泛应用于药物输送,其具有多种优异的显著特征,包括长循环时间、良好的药物溶解性以及肿瘤位点的被动靶向能力。两亲性聚合物通过分子间的相互作用在水中可以自组装形成聚合物纳米胶束(Micelles)。纳米胶束作为药物载体进入体内,可以有效地减少人体网状内皮系统(RES)巨噬细胞的吞噬,能穿越细胞间隙,可通过人体最小的毛细血管及血脑屏障(BBB)并被细胞组织吸收,释放出抗癌药物杀死癌变细胞。同时,纳米胶束可以避免药物活性丧失,有利于药物的贮藏和运输。因此聚合物纳米胶束在药物的控制释放上具有巨大应用潜力。
制备两亲聚合物的一个方法是将末端官能化的亲水链段作为大分子引发剂开环聚合疏水聚合物的单体形成具有疏水链段的两亲结构。作为亲水链段,聚恶唑啉和聚乙二醇均具有较好的水溶性和较低的毒性。聚乙二醇类聚合物胶束具有防止血浆蛋白吸附,在体内可以长时间循环等优点,且已经广泛应用于临床治疗。此外,聚恶唑啉被美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准作为食品添加剂使用。聚恶唑啉的合成过程较为简单,仅通过一步阳离子开环聚合即可得到。聚恶唑啉本身具有吸收质子的特性,可以在内涵体或溶酶体的pH下吸收质子,进一步膨胀获得松散的结构而降解,聚恶唑啉的这种性质促进了以聚恶唑啉为亲水外壳的胶束的药物释放。聚恶唑啉在生物医学领域具有广阔的应用前景。
替莫唑胺(TMZ)是神经胶质瘤临床治疗的一线药物,于1999年8月获得FDA批准,并在美国市场上市。替莫唑胺不仅可以轻松穿越血脑屏障(BBB),而且可以被完全吸收,具有高生物利用度。其主要通过攻击肿瘤细胞的DNA,引起DNA烷基化损伤,然后形成DNA交联,导致肿瘤细胞死亡。本专利通过RAFT聚合合成聚替莫唑胺并作为聚合物胶束的疏水段,并可以包载另一种抗癌药物,从而达到组合治疗的效果。
两亲性共聚物通过自组装形成的聚集体如纳米粒子、纳米胶束、聚合物囊泡等药物载体虽然可延长药物在体内的循环时间,增加药物载体在肿瘤部位的蓄积,但往往不能有效地将药物释放出来,从而降低了药效。引入响应性是增强纳米药物载体EPR效应的主要方法。近年来,开发具有环境敏感性(pH、温度、氧化还原环境等)的纳米载体引起科研工作者的极大兴趣。
参考文献:
1.Deng,et al.J.Nano Today 2012,7,467-480.
2.Rasolonjatovo B et al.Biomacromolecules,2015,16(3),748-756;Luxenhofer R et al.Macromol Rapid Commun,2012,33(19),1613-1631.
3.W.P.Mason and J.G.Cairncross,Nature Clinical Practice Neurology,2005,1,88-95;K.Messaoudi et al.Drug Discovery Today,2015,20,899-905;A.Khosaet al.Methods in molecular biology(Clifton,N.J.),2020,2059,285-298.
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发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一类替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束及其制备方法与应用,以克服TMZ作为小分子抗癌药存在的半衰期短缺点,从而提高药效。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明的技术方案具体如下:
替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束,包括亲水壳及疏水内核,亲水壳为聚恶唑啉或聚乙二醇,疏水内核均为聚替莫唑胺。
进一步的,所述胶束的粒径为10~300nm,粒径分布PDI为0.01~0.40。
进一步的,所述聚恶唑啉或聚乙二醇分子量为3000-10000Da;所述聚替莫唑胺分子量为3000-10000Da;所述聚恶唑啉的聚合度为35-117,所述聚乙二醇的聚合度为39-131,所述聚替莫唑胺的聚合度为10-32。
进一步的,所述聚恶唑啉为聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)或聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)。
本发明还提供了上述替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:制备替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸酯;
S2:制备聚恶唑啉;
S3-1:无水无氧环境下,通过酯化反应将聚恶唑啉与4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸反应,得4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸-聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)酯,再以4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸-聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)酯为大分子RAFT试剂,在偶氮二异丁腈的催化下与替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸甲酯反应得聚恶唑啉-聚替莫唑胺嵌段聚合物;
S3-2:无水无氧的环境下,通过酯化反应将聚乙二醇与4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸反应得4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸-聚乙二醇酯,再以4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸-聚乙二醇酯为大分子RAFT试剂,在偶氮二异丁腈的催化下与替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸甲酯反应得聚乙二醇-聚替莫唑胺嵌段聚合物;
S4:将步骤S3-1或步骤S3-2制备的两亲性嵌段聚合物溶于有机溶剂中,再在室温搅拌条件下向聚合物溶液中滴加二次水,通过自组装形成以聚恶唑啉或聚乙二醇为亲水壳,聚替莫唑胺为疏水内核的纳米胶束。
进一步的,所述步骤S3-1具体包括:
在氮气保护下,将4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸溶解在二甲基甲酰胺中,在上述混合溶液中加入N,N’-二环己基碳二亚胺和4-二甲氨基吡啶在室温下持续搅拌,一段时间后向反应体系中加入聚恶唑啉,恒温持续搅拌;一段时间后将溶液沉降于冰乙醚中,真空干燥即得大分子RAFT试剂;
在氮气保护下,将替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸甲酯和溶解在2,2,2-三氟乙醇中,然后加入用三氟乙酸溶解的偶氮二异丁腈,通入高纯氮除氧,恒温持续搅拌一段时间后将溶液沉降于冰乙醚中,真空干燥即得聚恶唑啉-聚替莫唑胺嵌段聚合物。
进一步的,所述有机溶剂为二甲亚砜、四氢呋喃或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
本发明还提供了上述替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束作为药物载体的应用。
进一步的,所述应用具体包括:
将疏水性药物溶于有机溶液中后与溶有所述替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束的有机溶液共同搅拌,然后再滴加二次水,搅拌一段时间后透析,得到包裹药物的纳米胶束。
进一步的,所述疏水性药物为阿霉素、紫杉醇、甲氨蝶呤、姜黄素和喜树碱中的至少一种。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明的两亲性嵌段聚合物均由亲水段和疏水段组成,疏水段均为聚替莫唑胺,通过自组装形成胶束的疏水核,从而延长了替莫唑胺的半衰期;
(2)聚恶唑啉-聚替莫唑胺胶束的亲水链段具有吸收质子的特性,因此可以通过对两亲性嵌段聚合物自组装得到稳定的pH敏感性纳米胶束,此纳米胶束具有较小的临界胶束浓度,所以在细胞外和血液中不易解离,从而保证纳米胶束包封的药物稳定;克服了药物在体内易被泄漏、运载效率低、循环时间短等不足;
(3)本发明的两种两亲嵌段聚合物纳米胶束,均属于替莫唑胺的药物前体,同时胶束内核可以包载其他抗癌药物,实现不同药物的组合治疗;
(4)聚恶唑啉-聚替莫唑胺胶束进入肿瘤细胞后,在癌细胞内pH为5.0的环境下,胶束发生膨胀,粒径变大,胶束发生裂解,包封的药物被快速释放出来,从而产生高效治疗作用,解决了药物载体药物释放缓慢,容易产生抗药性的问题,达到了本发明的目的。
具体实施方式:
实施例1
聚恶唑啉-聚替莫唑胺的合成方法类似,只是亲水段不同,因此,本实施例仅以聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)-聚替莫唑胺的合成为例。
(1)合成替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸酯
Figure BDA0002388716820000041
将4.58g,0.024mmol替莫唑胺(TMZ)溶解在浓硫酸中,在冰浴下滴加47.2mL的亚硝酸钠水溶液,室温下持续搅拌17h后降至0℃,向体系中加入122.0g的冰水,以淬灭反应,过滤,并用冰水洗涤后干燥,得到替莫唑胺-8-羧酸(TMZ-COOH)。
将1.185g,6.10mmol TMZ-COOH加入二氯甲烷溶液中,然后依次加入0.706mL的甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(5.82mmol,HEMA),1.348g的1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(7.02mmol,EDC)和0.072g的4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.58mmol,DMAP),室温下持续搅拌16h后过滤,并用二氯甲烷稀释至50mL,再用50mL的0.1M盐酸溶液洗涤5次,有机层加入无水硫酸镁干燥,除去溶剂,得到替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸酯。
(2)合成聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)(PMeOx-OH)
Figure BDA0002388716820000042
聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)的制备,以对甲苯磺酸甲酯为引发剂,开环聚合2-甲基-2-唑啉(MOx)单体,得到聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)(PMeOx-OH)(Zalipsky S,et al.J Pharm SCI-US.1996;85(2),133-137);
具体操作如下:
氮气保护下,向16.67mL乙腈中依次加入4.63mL,0.059mmol的2-甲基-2-唑啉,0.15mL,0.00098mmol对甲苯磺酸甲酯,于100℃的油浴中搅拌回流24h。反应结束后,冷却至室温,加入0.1M的氢氧化钾的甲醇溶液9.8mL,在室温下搅拌4h来终止聚合反应。随后将反应液旋蒸浓缩后通过1000Da的透析袋在水溶液中透析,冷冻干燥,即得到聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)(PMeOx-OH)。
(3)合成聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)-聚替莫唑胺
Figure BDA0002388716820000051
无水无氧的环境下,通过酯化反应将聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)(PMeOx-OH)与4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸(CTA)反应,得到PMeOx-CTA,再以PMeOx-CTA为大分子RAFT试剂,在偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)的催化下,与替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸甲酯反应得到聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)-聚替莫唑胺嵌段聚合物(PMeOx-PTMZ);
具体操作如下:
在氮气保护下,将37.72mg,0.135mmol的CTA溶解在DMF中,在上述混合溶液中加入37.13mg,0.180mmol的N,N’-二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)和5.49mg,0.045mmol 4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP),在室温下持续搅拌。4h后向反应体系中加入0.50g,0.106mmol聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉),在40℃下持续搅拌。20h后将溶液沉降于冰乙醚中,真空干燥即得大分子RAFT试剂PMeOx-CTA。
在氮气保护下,将0.156g,0.505mmol替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸甲酯和0.135g,0.031mmol的PMeOx-CTA溶解在2,2,2-三氟乙醇中,然后加入用三氟乙酸溶解的1.700mg,0.010mmol偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN),通入高纯氮除氧1h,最后在60℃下持续搅拌反应。24h后将溶液沉降于冰乙醚中,真空干燥即得聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)-聚替莫唑胺(PMeOx-PTMZ)嵌段聚合物。聚恶唑啉的分子量为3000-10000Da,聚替莫唑胺分子量为3000-10000Da,聚恶唑啉聚合度为35-117,聚替莫唑胺的聚合度为10-32。
(4)聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)-聚替莫唑胺(PMeOx-PTMZ)纳米胶束的制备
聚合物PMeOx-PTMZ的纳米胶束通过透析方法制备。具体过程是:将2.0mg聚合物PMeOx-PTMZ溶于1.0mL二甲亚砜,在25℃搅拌条件下,向其中滴加2.0mL去离子水。得到的溶液搅拌1h后,装入预先准备好的透析袋中(SPECTRA/POR,MWCO:3500),用去离子水透析24h。
(5)pH敏感的聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)-聚替莫唑胺纳米胶束的降解
氮气保护下,配制含有乙酸盐缓冲液(10mM,pH 5.0)的胶束溶液,并配置含有磷酸盐缓冲液(10mM,pH 7.4)的胶束溶液作为对照。然后将胶束装在玻璃样品池中,并用橡胶塞将两个玻璃样品池封住,摇匀,置于37℃恒温摇床(200rpm)中,在选定时间下,通过动态激光光散射(DLS)来跟踪测定颗粒的粒径变化。含有乙酸盐缓冲液(10mM,pH 5.0)的胶束溶液,胶束粒径很快发生变化,2h后溶液的胶束粒径约220.2nm,并且在继续震荡至7h后溶液中的胶束粒径约458.7nm,这表明PMeOx-PTMZ胶束在还原环境下,胶束会发生膨胀,粒径变大,导致胶束发生解离。相对而言,含有磷酸盐缓冲液(10mM,pH 7.4)的胶束溶液在震荡过程中几乎没有发生变化。
(6)聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)-聚替莫唑胺胶束中替莫唑胺的半衰期测量
聚合物前药的半衰期测量方法采用的是紫外光谱法。在紫外-可见光谱中,λ328-330nm处的吸收峰对应于TMZ的脲部分。通过测量λ328-330nm处的吸收峰的变化就可以测得替莫唑胺的半衰期。将聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)-聚替莫唑胺胶束在恒温振荡箱中以37.5℃,200rpm的条件下温育,在相应间隔时间内测量其λ328-330nm处的吸收峰,最后通过绘制归一化吸光度(A/A0)随孵育时间变化的指数衰减曲线来得到替莫唑胺聚合物前药聚(2-甲基-2-恶唑啉)-聚替莫唑胺的半衰期。测试结果如表1所示,可以看出,通过RAFT聚合制备的替莫唑胺聚合物前药,有效延长了TMZ的半衰期。
表1替莫唑胺聚合物前药的半衰期
Figure BDA0002388716820000061
实施例2
Figure BDA0002388716820000071
本实施例是另一种替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束(两亲性聚乙二醇-聚替莫唑胺嵌段聚合物)的制备方法,其制备方法与实施例1基本类似,主要包括:无水无氧的环境下,通过酯化反应将聚乙二醇(PEG)与4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸(CTA)反应,再以PEG-CTA为大分子RAFT试剂,在偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)的催化下,与替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸甲酯反应得到聚乙二醇-聚替莫唑胺嵌段聚合物。聚乙二醇分子量均为3000-10000Da,聚替莫唑胺分子量为3000-10000Da,聚乙二醇聚合度为39-131,聚替莫唑胺的聚合度为10-32。
实施例3
将疏水性药物先溶在有机溶液中,再与所述两亲性嵌段聚合物的有机溶液共同搅拌,然后再滴加有机溶液的2倍体积的二次水,将得到的溶液搅拌1h后透析,得到包裹药物的纳米胶束;所述疏水性药物选用但不局限于:阿霉素,紫杉醇,甲氨蝶呤,姜黄素或喜树碱中的一种。
聚恶唑林-聚替莫唑胺胶束、聚乙二醇-聚替莫唑胺胶束对抗癌药物的包封都是通过透析法实现的。以PMeOx-PTMZ为例,取2.4mg的该聚合物溶解在1.0mL二甲亚砜中,将设计好的载药量15%所需的阿霉素(DOX)加入其中,超声0.5h后,在室温搅拌条件下,向二甲亚砜溶液中缓慢滴加1.8mL二次水,滴加完毕后再超声1h。然后将混合溶液移至透析袋(MWCO:3500)中,透析24h后取出。
DOX在聚合物纳米胶束中的包封率的确定:取一定量的载药纳米胶束溶液,先通过冷冻干燥法将溶液中的水除去,然后加入0.5mL二甲亚砜超声1h,取该溶液20μL加入到3.0mL二甲亚砜中,通过荧光测试,结合阿霉素的标准曲线计算包封率。
包封率=纳米胶束中阿霉素的质量/投入的阿霉素的质量×100%
制备聚合物载药纳米胶束后,测试所得纳米胶束的尺寸、分布以及包封率等,结果如下表2所示:
表2不同聚合物载药量的载药胶束
Figure BDA0002388716820000081
由表2可以看出,两亲性嵌段聚合物在水中自组装形成尺寸稳定,分布均匀的纳米胶束。两亲性嵌段聚合物PMeOx-PTMZ以及PEG-PTMZ,聚恶唑啉和聚乙二醇均无毒、无刺激、生物相容性好,因此上述体系具有非常优良的生物相容性。
聚恶唑啉作为亲水链段,聚替莫唑胺作为疏水链段,得到两亲性嵌段聚合物,可以自组装形成纳米胶束,聚恶唑啉本身具有吸收质子的特性,使得纳米胶束对细胞内的pH环境敏感,在酸性环境下(pH=5.0最佳),胶束发生膨胀,粒径变大,胶束发生解离。
PMeOx-PTMZ纳米胶束具有pH敏感性,作为药物载体能提高疏水药物在体内血液循环时的稳定性,提高纳米胶束被肿瘤细胞内吞的效率,从而提高药物的生物利用度,同时纳米胶束降解后可方便排除体外。
本发明的两亲性嵌段聚合物均由亲水段和疏水段组成,疏水段均为聚替莫唑胺,通过自组装形成胶束的疏水核,从而延长了替莫唑胺的半衰期。聚恶唑啉-聚替莫唑胺胶束的亲水链段具有吸收质子的特性,因此可以通过对两亲性嵌段聚合物自组装得到稳定的pH敏感性纳米胶束,此纳米胶束具有较小的临界胶束浓度,所以在细胞外和血液中不易解离,从而保证纳米胶束包封的药物稳定;克服了药物在体内易被泄漏、运载效率低、循环时间短等不足。聚恶唑啉-聚替莫唑胺胶束一旦进入肿瘤细胞,在癌细胞内酸性环境下,胶束发生膨胀,粒径变大,胶束发生裂解,药物被快速释放出来,从而产生高效治疗作用,解决了药物载体药物释放缓慢,容易产生抗药性的问题。
上述所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
下表3所示为本发明涉及的物质的中英名称对照表
表3本发明涉及的物质中英名称对照表
Figure BDA0002388716820000091

Claims (10)

1.替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束,其特征在于,包括亲水壳及疏水内核,亲水壳为聚恶唑啉或聚乙二醇,疏水内核均为聚替莫唑胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束,其特征在于,所述胶束的粒径为10~300nm,粒径分布PDI为0.01~0.40。
3.根据权利要求1所述的替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束,其特征在于,所述聚恶唑啉或聚乙二醇分子量为3000-10000Da;所述聚替莫唑胺分子量为3000-10000Da;所述聚恶唑啉的聚合度为35-117,所述聚乙二醇的聚合度为39-131,所述聚替莫唑胺的聚合度为10-32。
4.根据权利要求3所述的替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束,其特征在于,所述聚恶唑啉为聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)或聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)。
5.权利要求1中所述替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:制备替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸酯;
S2:制备聚恶唑啉;
S3-1:无水无氧环境下,通过酯化反应将聚恶唑啉与4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸反应,得4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸-聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)酯,再以4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸-聚(2-甲基-2-唑啉)酯为大分子RAFT试剂,在偶氮二异丁腈的催化下与替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸甲酯反应得聚恶唑啉-聚替莫唑胺嵌段聚合物;
S3-2:无水无氧的环境下,通过酯化反应将聚乙二醇与4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸反应得4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸-聚乙二醇酯,再以4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸-聚乙二醇酯为大分子RAFT试剂,在偶氮二异丁腈的催化下与替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸甲酯反应得聚乙二醇-聚替莫唑胺嵌段聚合物;
S4:将步骤S3-1或步骤S3-2制备的两亲性嵌段聚合物溶于有机溶剂中,再在室温搅拌条件下向聚合物溶液中滴加二次水,通过自组装形成以聚恶唑啉或聚乙二醇为亲水壳,聚替莫唑胺为疏水内核的纳米胶束。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3-1具体包括:
在氮气保护下,将4-氰基-4-(硫代苯甲酰)戊酸溶解在二甲基甲酰胺中,在上述混合溶液中加入N,N’-二环己基碳二亚胺和4-二甲氨基吡啶在室温下持续搅拌,一段时间后向反应体系中加入聚恶唑啉,恒温持续搅拌;一段时间后将溶液沉降于冰乙醚中,真空干燥即得大分子RAFT试剂PMeOx-CTA;
在氮气保护下,将替莫唑胺-甲基丙烯酸甲酯和PMeOx-CTA溶解在2,2,2-三氟乙醇中,然后加入用三氟乙酸溶解的偶氮二异丁腈,通入高纯氮除氧,恒温持续搅拌一段时间后将溶液沉降于冰乙醚中,真空干燥即得聚恶唑啉-聚替莫唑胺嵌段聚合物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂为二甲亚砜、四氢呋喃或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
8.权利要求1中所述替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束作为药物载体的应用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述应用具体包括:
将疏水性药物溶于有机溶液中后与溶有所述替莫唑胺纳米前药胶束的有机溶液共同搅拌,然后再滴加二次水,搅拌一段时间后透析,得到包裹药物的纳米胶束。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于,所述疏水性药物为阿霉素、紫杉醇、甲氨蝶呤、姜黄素和喜树碱中的至少一种。
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