Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hip joint reduction device which is used for reducing dislocation of a hip joint by a hip flexion-extension method, has a good fixing effect on the reduction posture of a patient and improves the treatment effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a hip joint reduction device, which comprises a bed plate, wherein one side or two sides of the bed plate corresponding to the lower limb part are provided with vertically extending function plates, the function board is provided with a guide groove which is an arc curve extending upwards from back to front, the outer side of the function board is provided with a restoration frame which comprises a connecting sleeve, an extension rod, an adjusting frame, a first positioning wheel and a second positioning wheel, the connecting sleeve is connected with the guide groove in a sliding manner, the height of the extension rod relative to the connecting sleeve is adjustable, the adjusting frame is fixed at the top end of the extension rod, the adjusting frame is positioned above the bed board, the first positioning wheel is rotatably connected with the front part of the adjusting frame, the second positioning wheel is arranged behind the first positioning wheel, can move back and forth relative to the adjusting frame and is limited, and the axis of the second positioning wheel is parallel to that of the first positioning wheel.
The bed board comprises a head and neck bed board, a trunk bed board and a lower limb bed board which are sequentially connected from front to back and integrally formed, the width of the head and neck bed board is 50cm, the width of the trunk bed board is 90cm, the width of the lower limb bed board is 60cm,
the bed frame is arranged at the bottom of the bed board and used for supporting the bed board, and the bed board is of a steel pipe structure.
Handrails are arranged on two sides of the body part bed plate.
The function board can be detachably connected with the two sides of the bed board.
Two pulleys are arranged in the guide groove in a sliding fit mode along the extending curve direction of the guide groove, U-shaped grooves are formed in the circumferential surfaces of the pulleys, the pulleys are made to be I-shaped, the U-shaped grooves are clamped on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the guide groove, so that the pulleys are fixed in the guide groove and slide along the guide groove in an arc displacement mode, the pulleys are fixed through connecting plates, the two ends of each connecting plate are fixed to the wheel shafts of the two pulleys respectively, the pulleys can rotate relative to the connecting plates to be installed, the middle of each connecting plate is fixedly connected with an insertion column, a socket movably inserted with the insertion column is formed in the connecting sleeve, the cross sections of the insertion column and the socket are circular, and angle fastening bolts used for penetrating through the connecting sleeve and capable of tightly pushing against the surface of the inner end of the connecting sleeve are arranged on the connecting sleeve.
The connecting sleeve is a T-shaped pipe sleeve, the cross section of the connecting sleeve is a rectangular section, the connecting sleeve is provided with a through hole which is vertically communicated, openings are formed in the top end and the bottom end of the through hole, lifting fastening bolts are arranged on the side walls of the through hole, knobs are arranged on the lifting fastening bolts, and the bottom of the extension rod is inserted into the through hole and limited by the lifting fastening bolts.
The handle is sleeved on the rear side of the connecting sleeve far away from the head.
The rear part of the head of the patient with the adjusting frame is sleeved with a sliding sleeve capable of sliding on the adjusting frame back and forth, a row of limiting holes are formed in the upper surface of the rear part of the adjusting frame, limiting bolts are arranged on the sliding sleeve and can be inserted into the limiting holes through rotation of a knob, fixing of the relative position of the sliding sleeve to the rear part of the adjusting frame is achieved, a wheel shaft in running fit with the second positioning wheel is sleeved in the second positioning wheel, and the outer end of the wheel shaft is fixed on the sliding sleeve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the instep of the left calf of the patient extends to the lower part of the second positioning wheel, the back nest of the knee of the left calf of the patient is dropped to the upper part of the first positioning wheel, after the posture is fixed, a doctor holds the hip joint of the patient with hands to push the reduction frame to move forwards, and the reduction frame limits the calf of the patient to keep the knee to lift 90 degrees under the action of the guide groove, so that the standard reduction operation is realized. This corresponds to the hip flexion and extension method.
When the device is used for hip flexion and extension reduction dislocation of the hip joint, the device has a good fixing effect on the reduction posture of a patient, avoids the problem of poor reduction caused by manipulation, reduces the additional risk of reduction and improves the treatment effect. The problem of occupation of personnel operated by a plurality of doctors is avoided. Meanwhile, the device has a good adaptation effect on the body shape characteristics of the patient, can adjust the correspondence according to the lower limb conditions, and can be widely applied to clinic.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the present application.
Example (b): hip joint reduction device
Hip dislocation is often caused by trauma such as car accidents, falls, etc., and the amount of soft tissue damage around the hip depends on the trauma situation suffered. The ligamentum teres femoris is always completely damaged, and may be torn or torn. The fibrous joint capsule tears completely and can be displaced. A capsulorhexis may be a small crack through which the femoral head is removed from its position, or complete wear of the entire capsule may occur. Hip dislocation should be treated as early as possible to prevent continued destruction of the soft tissue surrounding the hip joint and degeneration of the articular cartilage. Articular cartilage takes nutrients from the synovial fluid, which is pumped into the cartilage matrix during normal cartilage activity. Early replacement helps to restore the cartilage's nutrient source quickly. However, to pay attention to the standardization of the reduction technique and to assist in standardizing the reduction, which is convenient for a doctor to perform the reduction operation, the specific structure of the example is as follows:
including the bed board, the bed board includes from preceding then connect gradually and integrated into one piece's neck portion bed board 1, trunk portion bed board 2, low limbs portion bed board 3, the width of neck portion bed board 1 is 50cm, the width of trunk portion bed board 2 is 90cm, the width of low limbs portion bed board 3 is 60cm, and the doctor of being convenient for stands and operates at patient's side.
In the conventional reduction operation, a doctor needs to perform reduction by combining one person on the head and two persons on the lower limbs. Now using the device, it is possible to assist in a more standard and labour-saving process, but if a doctor's fit is required, a suitable location is left.
The bed frame 4 is arranged at the bottom of the bed board and used for supporting the bed board and is of a steel pipe structure.
The armrests 5 are arranged on the two sides of the body part bed plate 2, so that the hands of a patient can be conveniently held, supported and fixed.
The left and right sides of low limbs bed board 3 is equipped with detachable function board 6, the length of function board 6 is corresponding with the length of low limbs bed board 3, the vertical extension of function board 6, the top side of function board 6 is fixed with the left side or the right side detachable of low limbs bed board 3. The function board 6 is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove 7, and the guide groove 7 is an arc-shaped curve which is raised upwards from back to front. Two pulleys 8 are arranged in the guide groove 7 in a sliding fit mode along the extension curve direction of the guide groove 7, U-shaped grooves are formed in the peripheral face of each pulley 8, the pulleys 8 are made to be I-shaped, and the U-shaped grooves are clamped on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the guide groove 7, so that the pulleys 8 are fixed in the guide groove 7 and slide along the guide groove 7 in an arc displacement mode. The two pulleys 8 are fixed through a connecting plate 9, two ends of the connecting plate 9 are respectively fixed on wheel shafts of the two pulleys 8, so that the pulleys 8 can be rotatably installed relative to the connecting plate 9, the middle part of the connecting plate 9 is fixedly connected with an inserting column 10,
the outside of function board 6 is equipped with the restoration frame, the restoration frame includes: the device comprises a connecting sleeve 11, an extension rod 12, an adjusting frame 13, a first positioning wheel 14 and a second positioning wheel 15.
The connecting sleeve 11 is a T-shaped pipe sleeve, the cross section of the connecting sleeve is a rectangular section, the connecting sleeve 11 is provided with a through hole which is vertically communicated, openings are formed in the top end and the bottom end of the through hole, lifting fastening bolts 16 are arranged on the side walls of the through hole, knobs are arranged on the lifting fastening bolts 16, and rotation is facilitated to achieve locking and loosening control.
Be equipped with on the bottom of adapter sleeve 11 and the adjacent side of function board 6 with insert the socket of post 10 activity grafting, the socket is used for making to insert in the post 10 inserts the through-hole, just the bottom of adapter sleeve 11 still is equipped with the screw that is linked together with the through-hole, and screw fit in has angle fastening bolt 17, can withstand to insert post 10 through angle fastening bolt 17 and make to insert post 10 fixed with adapter sleeve 11.
The rear side of the connecting sleeve 11 far away from the head direction is sleeved with a handle, so that a doctor can hold the connecting sleeve conveniently and exert force.
The bottom of the extension rod 12 is inserted into the through hole, and the cross section of the extension rod is adapted to the through hole, so that the height of the extension rod can be adjusted up and down in the through hole. The bottom of the extension rod 12 is fixed with the connecting sleeve 11 through a lifting fastening bolt 16.
The adjusting bracket 13 is fixed to the top end of the extension pole 12.
The rear portion of adjustment frame 13 (the direction of keeping away from patient's head is the back) has cup jointed gliding sliding sleeve 18 around can going up on adjustment frame 13, the front portion of adjustment frame 13 is convenient for form stable support for triangle-shaped, and the rear portion is pole type structure (rectangle channel-section steel), the cooperation sliding sleeve 18 of being convenient for, the upper surface at the rear portion of adjustment frame 13 is equipped with one row of spacing hole, be equipped with stop bolt 19 on the sliding sleeve 18, stop bolt 19's top also is equipped with the knob, stop bolt 19 can rotate through the knob and insert spacing downthehole, realizes that sliding sleeve 18 is fixed for adjustment frame 13 rear portion relative position.
The first positioning wheel 14 is rotatably mounted on the front side of the adjusting frame 13, which is the side close to the head. The second positioning wheel 15 is internally sleeved with a wheel shaft which is in running fit with the second positioning wheel, and the outer end of the wheel shaft is fixed on the sliding sleeve.
The above-described apparatus is further explained below with reference to specific applications:
when the patient's left hip joint needs to be restored, the top side of the function board 6 is fixedly arranged on the left edge of the lower limb bed board 3, and the restoration frame on the function board 6 is adjusted according to the height and the body shape of the patient, and the specific adjusting method is as follows:
1. the reduction frame is reset to the rearmost end of the guide groove 7, namely the lowermost end;
2. the angle fastening bolt 17 is loosened to adjust the proper angle of the upper connecting sleeve 11 and the extension rod 12 with the plug post 10 (cylindrical). If the lower limbs of the patient are thick and strong, the patient leans forwards properly, and if the lower limbs of the patient are thin, the top end of the extension rod 12 leans backwards properly. After the adjustment is carried out properly, the fastening bolt 17 is screwed to fix the reduction frame on the connecting plate 9 and obtain a proper matching angle.
3. The lifting fastening bolt 16 is loosened, the height of the extension rod 12 is properly adjusted, and the lifting fastening bolt 16 is locked.
4. The limit bolt 19 is loosened, the front and back positions of the sliding sleeve are adjusted, if the lower leg of the patient is longer, the patient moves backwards properly, if the lower leg of the patient is shorter, or the patient is a child, the patient moves forwards properly, and the limit bolt 19 is fixed after the adjustment.
After finishing the preparation work, please the patient and the doctor to prepare, and start the reduction operation.
The instep of the left calf of the patient extends to the lower part of the second positioning wheel 15, the back nest of the knee of the left calf of the patient is dropped above the first positioning wheel 14, after the posture is fixed, a doctor holds the hip joint of the patient with hands to push the reduction frame to move forwards, and the reduction frame limits the calf of the patient to keep the knee to lift 90 degrees under the action of the guide groove 7, so that the standard reduction operation is realized. This corresponds to the hip flexion and extension method.
Through the introduction, the device is used for reduction of dislocation of the hip joint by the hip flexion-extension method, has a good fixing effect on the reduction posture of a patient, avoids the problem of poor reduction caused by manipulation, reduces the additional risk of reduction, and improves the treatment effect. The problem of occupation of personnel operated by a plurality of doctors is avoided. Meanwhile, the device has a good adaptation effect on the body shape characteristics of the patient, can adjust the correspondence according to the lower limb conditions, and can be widely applied to clinic.