CN110537964B - Lower limb traction device for intramedullary nail operation - Google Patents
Lower limb traction device for intramedullary nail operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110537964B CN110537964B CN201910832613.4A CN201910832613A CN110537964B CN 110537964 B CN110537964 B CN 110537964B CN 201910832613 A CN201910832613 A CN 201910832613A CN 110537964 B CN110537964 B CN 110537964B
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- bottom beam
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- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 210000001699 lower leg Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 210000002303 tibia Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000004233 talus Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000269908 Platichthys flesus Species 0.000 description 10
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 description 4
- 206010016454 Femur fracture Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010043827 tibia fracture Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000006670 Multiple fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010048873 Traumatic arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
- A61B17/66—Alignment, compression or distraction mechanisms
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a lower limb traction device for intramedullary nail operation, which comprises a bottom beam, a lower leg supporting plate, a thigh backup plate, a sliding block, a traction needle, a traction bow and a traction mechanism, wherein the sliding block is arranged on an axial slideway on the bottom beam and is provided with a sliding block locking screw, the lower end of the thigh backup plate and the thigh backup plate are hinged into a Chinese character 'lambdoidal' shape, the lower end of the thigh backup plate is rotationally connected with the head end of the bottom beam, the lower end of the lower leg supporting plate is rotationally connected with the sliding block, the thighs and the shanks of a patient respectively lean against the upper parts of the thigh backup plate and the shank supporting plate, the traction needle passes through the ankle bone or the tibia far end of the patient and is connected between the two ends of the traction bow, and the bow back of the traction bow is connected with the tail end of the bottom beam through the traction mechanism. The invention can keep the patient in the leg bending state and reliably pull the tibia of the patient, and all parts are not higher than the lower limb of the patient, so that the operation is not affected. The device can ensure the smooth operation of the femoral and tibial intramedullary nail implantation, and improve the operation quality and efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lower limb traction device suitable for femoral and tibial intramedullary nail implantation operation, belonging to the technical field of orthopedic medical appliances.
Background
Fracture of femur and tibia is a common clinical fracture, and after fracture of tibia of a patient occurs due to strong muscle strength of legs, shortening deformity often occurs under traction of the muscle, and reduction and recovery of the length of the tibia are difficult in operation and effective maintenance. If the reduction can not be realized in the operation, complications such as malhealing, bad lower limb force lines and the like can occur after the operation, thereby causing traumatic arthritis or osteoarthritis and seriously affecting the limb functions and life quality of patients.
Intramedullary nail fixation is a common treatment for femur and tibia fractures, and intraoperative distraction is an important means to reduce femur and tibia fractures and restore lower limb length. At present, two assistants are generally needed to help traction a patient during an intramedullary nail implantation operation, and the two assistants respectively hold the proximal end and the distal end of a broken bone to reset femur or tibia, however, the method often cannot stably maintain fracture reduction and lower limb length, and the reduction effect is not ideal, so that the treatment effect is affected; and two assistants can occupy the space of the operator to influence the operation of the operator.
The reduction of fractured femur or tibia by the traction device can overcome the defects, but the existing traction device generally occupies the upper space of the lower limb of a patient to influence the operation, the existing traction device straightens the lower limb, the intramedullary nail is implanted from the distal end of femur or the proximal end of tibia, and the patient must keep the leg bending posture for operation. It is therefore necessary to design a lower limb traction apparatus suitable for use in intramedullary nail implantation procedures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a lower limb traction device for intramedullary nail operation, which can stably maintain the femur or tibia in a reset state required by the implantation of the intramedullary nail under the condition of not influencing the operation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a low limbs draw gear for intramedullary nail operation, its includes flounder, shank layer board, thigh backup plate, slider, traction needle, traction bow and traction mechanism, the slider is installed on the axial slide on the flounder and is equipped with slider locking screw, shank layer board and thigh backup plate hinge adult shape, and thigh backup plate lower extreme is connected with the head end rotation of flounder, and shank layer board lower extreme is connected with the slider rotation, and patient's thigh and shank lean on thigh backup plate and shank layer board upper portion respectively, the traction needle passes patient's ankle bone or shin bone distal end and connects between traction bow both ends, traction bow's bow back passes through traction mechanism and the tail end connection of flounder.
Above-mentioned a low limbs draw gear for intramedullary nail operation, traction mechanism includes vertical slide rail, elevating block, screw, lead screw and hand wheel, vertical slide rail is fixed at the tail end of flounder, elevating block and vertical slide rail sliding connection and be equipped with elevating block locking screw, the screw rotates with the elevating block to be connected, the lead screw passes through screw and screw cooperation, and the one end of lead screw rotates with the bow back of traction bow to be connected, the other end and hand wheel fixed connection.
Above-mentioned a low limbs draw gear for intramedullary nail operation, the lower extreme of thigh backup plate is rotated with the head end of flounder through the sleeve and is connected, sleeve suit is at the lower extreme of thigh backup plate and with thigh backup plate sliding connection, telescopic lower extreme rotate with the head end of flounder through the perpendicular horizontal pivot of flounder and be connected with telescopic machanism between thigh backup plate and sleeve, telescopic machanism includes lead screw and nut, the nut is fixed on the sleeve, the lead screw passes through screw thread and nut cooperation, and the one end and the thigh backup plate of lead screw rotate to be connected, and the other end is equipped with the rotating handle.
The lower limb traction device for the intramedullary nail operation comprises a broken bone reset mechanism, wherein the broken bone reset mechanism comprises a binding belt, a jacking bolt, a side pressing plate, a side pressing bolt and a fixing bolt, the lower limb of a patient is bound on a lower leg supporting plate or a thigh leaning plate by the binding belt, the jacking bolt is screwed into the jacking bolt hole of the lower leg supporting plate or the thigh leaning plate and is propped against the lower part of the lower limb of the patient, the lower end of the side pressing plate is fixed on the side part of the lower leg supporting plate or the thigh leaning plate through the fixing bolt, and the side pressing bolt is screwed into a threaded hole on the side pressing plate and is propped against the side part of the lower limb of the patient.
Above-mentioned a low limbs draw gear for intramedullary nail operation, the both sides of shank layer board and thigh backup plate all set up a plurality of fixed bolt holes, and the middle part of shank layer board and thigh backup plate all sets up a plurality of jacking bolt holes, fixed bolt hole and jacking bolt hole are along the length direction homogeneous arrangement of shank layer board and thigh backup plate.
Above-mentioned a low limbs draw gear for intramedullary nail operation, the tail end middle part of flounder is equipped with the opening, vertical slide rail sets up two, fixes the both sides at the opening respectively, elevating block and two vertical slide rail sliding connection, nut and lead screw are corresponding with the opening of flounder tail end.
The lower limb traction device for the intramedullary nail operation is characterized in that the lower part of the bottom beam is provided with the adjustable supporting leg.
According to the lower limb traction device for the intramedullary nail operation, one surfaces of the shank support plate and the thigh support plate, which correspond to the shanks and thighs of a patient, are arc-shaped concave surfaces.
The invention can keep the patient in the leg bending state and reliably pull the tibia of the patient, and all parts are not higher than the lower limb of the patient, so that the operation is not affected. The device can ensure the smooth operation of the femoral and tibial intramedullary nail implantation, and improve the operation quality and efficiency. In addition, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, reliable performance and the like.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the use of the present invention (tibia intramedullary nail surgery).
The reference numerals in the figures are as follows: 1. the hand wheel, 2, the nut, 3, the lead screw, 4, the traction bow, 5, the traction needle, 6, jacking bolt, 7, jacking bolt hole, 8, side pressure bolt, 9, side pressure plate, 10, fixing bolt, 11, shank layer board, 12, thigh backup plate, 13, lead screw, 14, nut, 15, rotating handle, 16, sleeve, 17, adjustable landing leg, 18, the bottom beam, 19, fixing bolt hole, 20, slider locking screw, 21, slider, 22, lifting block locking screw, 23, lifting block, 24, vertical slide rail, 25, patient's lower limb, 26, constraint area.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention mainly includes a hand wheel 1, a screw 2, a screw 3, a traction bow 4, a traction needle 5, a jack-up bolt 6, a side pressure bolt 8, a side pressure plate 9, a fixing bolt 10, a shank support plate 11, a thigh support plate 12, a screw rod 13, a nut 14, a swivel handle 15, a sleeve 16, an adjustable support leg 17, a bottom beam 18, a slider locking screw 20, a slider 21, a lifting block locking screw 22, a lifting block 23, a vertical slide rail 24, and a binding belt 26.
The calf support plates 11, thigh support plates 12 and bottom beams 18 form a stable triangular support for supporting the patient's lower limbs 25 and mounting the traction elements. The vertical slide rail 24, the slide block 21, the hand wheel 1, the screw nut 2, the lead screw 3, the traction bow 4 and the traction needle 5 are used for traction of the distal end of the tibia of the patient. The screw rod 13, the nut 14, the stem 15 and the sleeve 16 are used for adjusting the height of the thigh support 12, thereby achieving traction of the distal femur. The jacking bolts 6, the side pressure bolts 8, the side pressure plates 9, the fixing bolts 10 and the binding belts 26 are used for adjusting the posture of the pulled broken bone so as to reset the broken bone.
The bottom beam 18 is placed on the operating table and can be adjusted in height by four adjustable legs 17 at the lower part thereof to suit different patients. The patient's lower leg and thigh rest on the lower leg support plate 11 and thigh rest plate 12, respectively, forming a curved leg state, facilitating implantation of the intramedullary nail from the proximal tibia or distal femur plateau. The lower leg supporting plate 11 and the thigh leaning plate 12 are made into arc concave surfaces on the surfaces corresponding to the lower limbs 25 of the patient, so that the stability of the lower limbs can be improved, and the operation quality can be ensured. The shank support plate 11, the thigh support plate 12 and the bottom beam 18 form a triangular structure, and the height and the inclination angle of the thigh support plate 12 are adjustable, so that the operation is more flexible and convenient. The tail end of the bottom beam 18 is provided with a notch, so that the movable range of the screw rod 3 is increased, and the traction direction is convenient to adjust.
When the tibia intramedullary nail implantation operation is performed, the tibia of a patient needs to be pulled by using the traction needle 5 and the traction bow 4, the traction needle 5 can penetrate through the ankle bone of the patient and also can penetrate through the distal end of the tibia of the patient, and the two ends of the traction needle 5 are respectively connected with the two ends of the traction bow 4. The hand wheel 1, the nut 2, the lead screw 3, the lifting block locking screw 22, the lifting block 23 and the vertical sliding rail 24 form a traction mechanism of the traction bow 4, the two vertical sliding rails 24 are fixed at the tail end of the bottom beam 18, the lifting block 23 can slide up and down along the vertical sliding rail 24 and can be locked by the lifting block locking screw 22, the nut 2 is rotationally connected with the lifting block 23, the angle of the lead screw 3 is convenient to adjust, the lead screw 3 is screwed into the nut 2, one end of the lead screw 3 is rotationally connected with the bow back of the traction bow 4, and the hand wheel 1 is fixed at the other end. By rotating the hand wheel 1, the traction bow 4 can be moved, and the distal end of the tibia of the patient is pulled by the traction needle 5.
When the femoral intramedullary nail implantation operation is performed, the femur of a patient needs to be pulled, at this time, the rotating handle 15 is rotated to enable the screw rod 13 and the nut 14 to rotate relatively, and the screw rod 13 pushes the thigh support 12 to move upwards (the thigh support 12 slides along the inner hole of the sleeve 16), so that the calf of the patient moves upwards, and the femur is pulled.
After the lower limb length is recovered by traction, if the fractured bones have dislocation, the fractured bones are reset by the jacking bolts 6, the side pressure bolts 8, the side pressure plates 9, the fixing bolts 10 and the binding belts 26. The binding belt 26 brings the broken bone close to the shank support plate 11 or the thigh support plate 12, the jacking bolts 6 can distance the broken bone from the shank support plate 11 or the thigh support plate 12, and the side pressure bolts 8, the side pressure plates 9 and the fixing bolts 10 apply side thrust to the broken bone, so that the dislocated broken bone can be reset by comprehensively utilizing the components.
The tibia traction method comprises the following steps:
1. the device is placed on an operating table and is arranged at the lower part of a lower limb 25 of a patient, and the height of the adjustable supporting leg 17 and the position of the sliding block 21 are adjusted according to the specific situation of the patient, so that thighs and calves of the patient respectively lean against the thigh leaning plate 12 and the calves supporting plate 11;
2. After the lifting block 23 is adjusted to a proper height, the lifting block locking screw 22 is screwed down;
3. the traction needle 5 passes through the distal ankle bone or tibia of the patient, and two ends of the traction needle 5 are respectively connected with two ends of the traction bow 4;
4. Operating the hand wheel 1 to rotate the screw rod 3, and pulling the distal end of the tibia to a proper position by the screw rod 3 through the traction bow 4 and the traction needle 5;
5. The jacking bolts 6, the side pressure bolts 8, the side pressure plates 9, the fixing bolts 10 and the binding belts 26 are arranged at proper positions of the shank supporting plates 11 to reset broken bones;
6. and performing intramedullary nail implantation operation.
The femoral traction method is similar to the above method, except that the thigh support plate 12 is jacked up by rotating the screw rod 13, and the thigh support plate 12 applies upward force to the knee of the patient, thereby realizing the traction of the femur.
The device can stably maintain the femur or tibia in a reset state required by implanting the intramedullary nail, does not occupy operation space, is beneficial to improving operation quality and operation efficiency, and is suitable for popularization and application in various medical institutions.
Claims (5)
1. The lower limb traction device for the intramedullary nail operation is characterized by comprising a bottom beam (18), a lower leg supporting plate (11), a thigh supporting plate (12), a sliding block (21), a traction needle (5), a traction bow (4) and a traction mechanism, wherein the sliding block (21) is arranged on an axial slideway on the bottom beam (18) and is provided with a sliding block locking screw (20), the lower leg supporting plate (11) and the thigh supporting plate (12) are hinged into a Chinese character 'lambdoidal' shape, the lower end of the thigh supporting plate (12) is rotationally connected with the head end of the bottom beam (18), the lower end of the lower leg supporting plate (11) is rotationally connected with the sliding block (21), the thigh and the lower leg of a patient lean against the upper parts of the thigh supporting plate (12) and the lower leg supporting plate (11) of the patient respectively, the traction needle (5) passes through the ankle bone or the tibia far end of the patient and is connected between two ends of the traction bow (4) in parallel, and the bow back of the traction bow (4) is connected with the tail end of the bottom beam (18) through the traction mechanism;
The traction mechanism comprises a vertical sliding rail (24), a lifting block (23), a screw nut (2), a lead screw (3) and a hand wheel (1), wherein the vertical sliding rail (24) is fixed at the tail end of a bottom beam (18), the lifting block (23) is in sliding connection with the vertical sliding rail (24) and is provided with a lifting block locking screw (22), the screw nut (2) is rotationally connected with the lifting block (23), the lead screw (3) is matched with the screw nut (2) through threads, one end of the lead screw (3) is rotationally connected with the bow back of a traction bow (4), and the other end of the lead screw is fixedly connected with the hand wheel (1);
The lower end of the thigh backup plate (12) is rotationally connected with the head end of the bottom beam (18) through a sleeve (16), the sleeve (16) is sleeved at the lower end of the thigh backup plate (12) and is in sliding connection with the thigh backup plate (12), the lower end of the sleeve (16) is rotationally connected with the head end of the bottom beam (18) through a horizontal rotating shaft perpendicular to the bottom beam (18), a telescopic mechanism is connected between the thigh backup plate (12) and the sleeve (16), the telescopic mechanism comprises a screw rod (13) and a nut (14), the nut (14) is fixed on the sleeve (16), the screw rod (13) is matched with the nut (14) through threads, one end of the screw rod (13) is rotationally connected with the thigh backup plate (12), and the other end of the screw rod is provided with a rotating handle (15);
The middle part of the tail end of the bottom beam (18) is provided with two openings, the two vertical sliding rails (24) are respectively fixed on two sides of the openings, the lifting block (23) is in sliding connection with the two vertical sliding rails (24), and the screw nut (2) and the screw rod (3) correspond to the openings at the tail end of the bottom beam (18).
2. The lower limb traction device for intramedullary nail surgery according to claim 1, further comprising a broken bone resetting mechanism, wherein the broken bone resetting mechanism comprises a binding belt (26), a jacking bolt (6), a lateral pressure plate (9), a lateral pressure bolt (8) and a fixing bolt (10), the binding belt (26) is used for binding the lower limb of a patient on a lower leg supporting plate (11) or a thigh leaning plate (12), the jacking bolt (6) is screwed into a jacking bolt hole (7) of the lower leg supporting plate (11) or the thigh leaning plate (12) and is propped against the lower part of the lower limb (25) of the patient, the lower end of the lateral pressure plate (9) is fixed on the side part of the lower leg supporting plate (11) or the thigh leaning plate (12) through the fixing bolt (10), and the lateral pressure bolt (8) is screwed into a threaded hole on the lateral pressure plate (9) and is propped against the side part of the lower limb (25) of the patient.
3. The lower limb traction device for intramedullary nail surgery according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of fixing bolt (10) holes are formed in both sides of the shank support plate (11) and the thigh support plate (12), a plurality of jacking bolt holes (7) are formed in the middle of the shank support plate (11) and the thigh support plate (12), and the fixing bolt (10) holes and the jacking bolt holes (7) are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the shank support plate (11) and the thigh support plate (12).
4. A lower limb traction apparatus for intramedullary nail surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that the lower part of the bottom beam (18) is provided with adjustable legs (17).
5. The lower limb traction device for intramedullary nail operation according to claim 4, wherein the lower leg rest (11) and the thigh rest (12) have arc-shaped concave surfaces on the surfaces corresponding to the lower leg and thigh of the patient.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910832613.4A CN110537964B (en) | 2019-09-04 | 2019-09-04 | Lower limb traction device for intramedullary nail operation |
| US16/819,264 US11395680B2 (en) | 2019-09-04 | 2020-03-16 | Lower limb traction device for intramedullary nail implantation operation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910832613.4A CN110537964B (en) | 2019-09-04 | 2019-09-04 | Lower limb traction device for intramedullary nail operation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110537964A CN110537964A (en) | 2019-12-06 |
| CN110537964B true CN110537964B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910832613.4A Active CN110537964B (en) | 2019-09-04 | 2019-09-04 | Lower limb traction device for intramedullary nail operation |
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| CN111297589B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-11-12 | 山东君泰安德医疗科技股份有限公司 | Medical instrument for leg rehabilitation of patient with sickbed lying |
| CN111467185B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-03-22 | 江西省人民医院 | Hemiplegia rehabilitation physiotherapy device of neurosurgery |
| CN112022601A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-04 | 江山市人民医院 | Ankle fracture operation platform with adjustable leg posture |
| CN113101109A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-07-13 | 河南省胸科医院 | A operation platform for shank fracture operation |
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| EP1099413A1 (en) * | 1999-11-09 | 2001-05-16 | Schlumbohm Medizin-Labor-Technologie GmbH | Aiming device for distal locking of an intramedullary nail |
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