CN111227266A

CN111227266A - Oil tea fruit shell seed piece-rate system

Info

Publication number: CN111227266A
Application number: CN202010073661.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 莫海华
Original assignee: Hunan Haihua Agricultural Comprehensive Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Haihua Agricultural Comprehensive Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-22
Filing date: 2020-01-22
Publication date: 2020-06-05
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-22
Also published as: CN111227266B

Abstract

The invention discloses a camellia oleifera shell and seed separating system, which comprises a conveying device (10) and a husking and sorting device, wherein the conveying device is used for conveying camellia oleifera shells; the husking and sorting device comprises a screening mechanism (20), a husking mechanism (30), a conveying mechanism (40), a husk and seed separating mechanism (50) and a rack (60); the screening mechanism (20), the husking mechanism (30), the conveying mechanism (40) and the shell-seed separating mechanism (50) are sequentially arranged in the rack (60) from top to bottom; a feed inlet (601) is formed in one side, corresponding to the screening mechanism (20), of the rack (60), and a seed outlet hole (602) is formed in the rack (60) corresponding to the shell-seed separating mechanism (50); the method has the advantages that the simultaneous husking treatment of the oil-tea fruits with different sizes can be realized, the husking effect of the oil-tea seeds is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Oil tea fruit shell seed piece-rate system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of oil tea processing, and particularly relates to an oil tea shell and seed separation system.

Background

Rapeseed oil, commonly known as tea oil, also known as camellia oil and camellia seed oil, is a pure natural high-grade edible plant oil extracted from the mature seeds of common camellia oleifera of camellia in the family of theaceae. The oil content of the camellia seed is generally 25-35%, the extracted camellia seed oil mainly contains unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid, the content and proportion of the fatty acids are very similar to those of olive oil, the camellia seed oil is called as oriental olive oil, and even the indexes of some nutritional ingredients are higher than those of the olive oil. As chemical fertilizers and pesticides are not needed in the whole growth process of the camellia oleifera, camellia fruits grow from blooming to maturity in the growth period, the camellia oleifera absorbs natural nutrients and essence in the days of winter, spring, summer and autumn, the nutritional value is extremely high, and the extracted camellia oil is high-grade healthy edible oil which can be comparable with olive oil, so that the camellia oleifera is widely accepted and advocated by people.

The fruit of the camellia oleifera comprises camellia oleifera shells and camellia seeds, and during oil refining processing of the camellia oleifera fruits, the camellia oleifera fruits need to be subjected to shelling treatment to obtain the camellia seeds, and the camellia seeds are subjected to squeezing treatment and the like to obtain the camellia oil. At present, the oil tea fruit is usually subjected to manual treatment and treatment modes such as shelling equipment, and a large amount of labor is required and time and labor are wasted through manual treatment; in the existing shelling equipment, due to different sizes of picked oil-tea camellia fruits (the diameters are different from 2cm to 8 cm), only the oil-tea camellia fruits with small size difference can be shelled, the shelling equipment needs to be adjusted back and forth or replaced to respectively shell the oil-tea camellia fruits with large size difference, if the shelling treatment is carried out on the oil-tea camellia fruits with different sizes, the incomplete shelling is easy to occur or oil-tea camellia seeds are damaged, and the quality of oil refining of the oil-tea camellia seeds is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects, the invention provides the camellia oleifera shell and seed separating system which can realize simultaneous shelling treatment of camellia oleifera fruits with different sizes, improve the shelling effect of camellia oleifera seeds and improve the production efficiency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a camellia oleifera shell and seed separation system comprises a conveying device and a husking and sorting device; the husking and sorting device comprises a screening mechanism, a husking mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a husk and seed separating mechanism and a rack; the screening mechanism, the husking mechanism, the conveying mechanism and the husk and seed separating mechanism are sequentially arranged in the rack from top to bottom; a feed inlet is formed in one side of the machine frame corresponding to the screening mechanism, and a seed outlet hole is formed in the machine frame corresponding to the shell-seed separating mechanism;

the conveying device comprises a machine body and a conveying mechanism arranged on the machine body; the conveying mechanism comprises a fixed conveying part and a movable conveying part; the fixed transmission part is hinged with the movable transmission part, a plurality of transmission rollers are arranged on the fixed transmission part and the movable transmission part, transmission belts are arranged on the transmission rollers, a main transmission roller is arranged at one end of the movable transmission part, a first driving motor is arranged on the movable transmission part corresponding to the main transmission roller, and the first driving motor drives the main transmission roller to drive the transmission belts to move along the transmission rollers; the machine body is provided with a feeding box corresponding to the fixed transmission part, and the machine body is provided with a lifting device corresponding to the movable transmission part; two ends of the lifting device are respectively hinged with the machine body and the movable transmission part;

the screening mechanism comprises a driving roller, a second driving motor for driving the driving roller to rotate, a plurality of driven pieces and a plurality of belt strips; the driving roller is provided with a plurality of grooves for placing the belt strips, the belt strips and the driven pieces are the same in number, the driven pieces are internally provided with movably connected driven wheels, the belt strips are connected with the grooves and the driven wheels, and the distance between the driven pieces is larger than the distance between the grooves;

the husking mechanism comprises a plurality of husking assemblies and a third driving motor for driving the husking assemblies to operate; the shelling assemblies respectively comprise a shelling cylinder, a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, a plurality of shelling rods and a rotating rod; two ends of the plurality of shelling rods are fixedly connected along the peripheral edges of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate respectively; the rotating rod penetrates through the middle parts of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate and is hinged with two ends of the shell removing barrel, and a driving shaft of the third driving motor is meshed with the rotating rod; the bottom of the shelling cylinder is provided with a plurality of shelling holes; the diameters of the shelling holes in the shelling assemblies are different, and the shelling assemblies with the corresponding diameters from small to large are sequentially arranged below the belt strips;

the conveying mechanism is a conveyor;

the shell-seed separating mechanism comprises a third fixing plate, a fourth fixing plate, a plurality of separating assemblies and a fourth driving motor for driving the separating assemblies to operate; the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are respectively and movably connected with two ends of the separating assembly; the separation assembly comprises a main extrusion roller and a secondary extrusion roller; the main squeeze roll and the slave squeeze roll are respectively provided with a gear in meshed connection, and the main squeeze roll is provided with a plurality of racks.

Preferably, the feeding box is funnel-shaped, a first inclined plate and a second inclined plate are arranged in the feeding box, the first inclined plate and the second inclined plate are respectively a bushing plate with a net structure, discharge holes are formed in the bottom of the feeding box corresponding to the first inclined plate and the bottom of the second inclined plate, and slag holes are respectively formed in the two sides of the feeding box corresponding to the first inclined plate and the second inclined plate; the first inclined plate extends to the lower end of the second inclined plate; the inclination angles of the first inclined plate and the second inclined plate are between 30 degrees and 60 degrees.

Preferably, one end of the fixed transmission part is provided with a belt adjusting device; the belt adjusting device comprises an adjusting roller, sliding plates arranged at two ends of the adjusting roller and an adjusting mechanism; the fixed transmission part is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the sliding plate, the adjusting mechanism is fixed on the fixed transmission part, and the adjusting end of the adjusting mechanism is connected with the sliding plate.

Preferably, the distance between the lifting device and the first driving motor is between one fifth and one half of the total length of the movable transmission part.

Preferably, the installation positions of the driving roller and the driven roller in the machine body are not on the same horizontal line; the included angle between the horizontal line of the driving roller and the belt strip is between 5 and 60 degrees.

Preferably, the machine body is provided with a bracket corresponding to the driven piece, a slotted hole is formed in the bracket, and the driven piece is arranged in the slotted hole in a sliding manner; the driven piece also comprises a fixed rod and a concave piece fixedly connected with the fixed rod; a fixing nut is arranged on the fixing rod; placing holes are formed in two sides of the concave piece, transverse supporting rods are arranged on two sides of the driven wheel, and the transverse supporting rods are movably fixed in the placing holes;

preferably, the cross section of each shelling rod is circular or fan-shaped, and the number of the shelling rods is three.

Preferably, the slave squeeze roll is provided with symmetrically distributed concave parts, and the cross section area of the rack is in a sector shape.

Preferably, the diameter of the slave press roll is between one half and one quarter of the diameter of the master press roll.

Preferably, the shell and seed separating mechanism further comprises a shaking and screening mechanism; the shaking screen mechanism comprises a shaking screen and a vibrating motor for driving the shaking screen to vibrate.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, the oil tea fruits entering the feed port are screened by the screening mechanism, and the screened oil tea fruits are respectively placed into different shelling assemblies, so that the shelling treatment of the oil tea fruits with larger size difference is realized; the oil-tea camellia fruit with small size difference is shelled by the shelling component, so that effective separation of oil-tea camellia shell and oil-tea camellia seed is guaranteed; the oil tea fruit subjected to the processing of the shelling component is subjected to two-stage fruit and seed separation processing through the separation component and the shaking and screening mechanism, so that the shelling effect of the oil tea seeds is improved; through setting up from squeeze roll portion in to the separable set, make main squeeze roll and can effectually extrude the tea-oil camellia shell from the squeeze roll, realize the effective separation of tea-oil camellia shell and tea-oil camellia seed, promote the quality to the oil tea fruit shelling.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the feed box of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial structural view of the fixed transmission part of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a part of the internal structure of the fixed transmission part according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the screening mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a driven member according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of a follower according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a side view of a portion of the follower of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the dehulling assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a portion of the shell-seed separating mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a configuration of the present invention in which the master and slave squeeze rolls are engaged;

fig. 12 is a schematic view showing another configuration of the engagement of the master and slave squeeze rolls in the present invention.

In the figure: 10. a conveying device; 11. a body; 12. a conveying mechanism; 13. a fixed transmission part; 14. a movable transmission section; 15. a transfer roller; 16. a conveyor belt; 17. a feeding box; 18. a lifting device; 20. a screening mechanism; 21. a drive roll; 22. a second drive motor; 23. a driven member; 24. a belt strip; 25. a support; 30. a husking mechanism; 31. a hulling assembly; 32. a third drive motor; 38. a shell removing cylinder; 33. a first fixing plate; 34. a second fixing plate; 35. a shelling bar; 36. rotating the rod; 37. removing the shell hole; 40. a transport mechanism; 50. a shell-seed separating mechanism; 51. a third fixing plate; 52. a fourth fixing plate; 53. a separation assembly; 54. a fourth drive motor; 55. from the squeeze rolls; 56. a screen shaking mechanism; 57. a main squeeze roll; 60. a frame; 70. a control unit; 101. a feed inlet; 111. a universal wheel; 131. a belt adjusting device; 132. a regulating roller; 133. a slide plate; 134. an adjustment mechanism; 141. a distance measuring device; 142. a first drive motor; 161. a side dam; 162. a transverse baffle plate; 171. a first sloping plate; 172. a second swash plate; 173. a discharge hole; 174. a slag hole; 231. a driven wheel; 232. fixing the rod; 233. a female profile; 234. placing holes; 235. a transverse strut; 236. an opening; 237. fixing a nut; 251. a slot; 541. a rack; 551. a recess; 561. shaking a screen; 562. a vibration motor; 601. a feed inlet; 602. and (4) seed outlet.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined, and the technical features of the embodiments can also be combined to form a new technical solution.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a camellia oleifera shell and seed separation system comprises a conveying device 10 and a husking and sorting device, wherein the conveying device 10 is used for conveying camellia oleifera fruits to the husking and sorting device for husking and sorting; the husking and sorting device comprises a screening mechanism 20, a husking mechanism 30, a conveying mechanism 40, a husk and seed separating mechanism 50 and a rack 60; the screening mechanism 20, the husking mechanism 30, the conveying mechanism 40 and the shell-seed separating mechanism 50 are sequentially arranged in the rack 60 from top to bottom; a feed inlet 601 is formed in one side, corresponding to the screening mechanism 20, of the rack 60, a seed outlet 602 is formed in the side, corresponding to the shell-seed separating mechanism 50, of the rack 60, and a camellia oleifera shell guide groove is formed in the side, corresponding to the shell-seed separating mechanism 50, of the rack 60, so that camellia oleifera shells are guided out of the rack 60;

the conveying device 10 comprises a machine body 11 and a conveying mechanism 12 mounted on the machine body 11; the conveying mechanism 12 comprises a fixed conveying part 13 and a movable conveying part 14; the fixed transmission part 13 is hinged to the movable transmission part 14, the movable transmission part 14 can be adjusted in a rotating mode along the fixed transmission part 13 through the hinged connection, the fixed transmission part 13 is fixedly connected to the rack 11, a plurality of transmission rollers 15 are arranged on the fixed transmission part 13 and the movable transmission part 14, a transmission belt 16 is arranged on the plurality of transmission rollers 15, a main transmission roller is arranged at one end of the movable transmission part 14, a first driving motor 142 is arranged on the movable transmission part 14 corresponding to the main transmission roller, and the first driving motor 142 drives the main transmission roller to drive the transmission belt 16 to move along the plurality of transmission rollers 15, so that the transportation of the oil-tea camellia fruits on the transmission belt 16 is realized; the machine body 11 is provided with a feeding box 17 corresponding to the fixed transmission part 13, the feeding box 17 is arranged above the fixed transmission part 13 and is arranged corresponding to the transmission belt 16 on the fixed transmission part 13, and the oil tea fruits in the feeding box 17 can conveniently and directly enter the transmission belt 16; the machine body 11 is provided with a lifting device 18 corresponding to the movable transmission part 14, and two ends of the lifting device 18 are respectively hinged with the machine body 11 and the movable transmission part 14, so that the lifting device 18 can conveniently lift the movable transmission part 14; two ends of the lifting device 18 are respectively hinged with the machine body 11 and the movable transmission part 14, so that the lifting device 18 can lift the movable transmission part 14 conveniently. The fixed transmission part 13 and the movable transmission part 14 respectively comprise a transmission frame which is used for connecting two ends of a plurality of transmission rollers 15 to realize the transmission and the transportation of a transmission belt 16, and the fixed transmission part 13 is hinged with the movable transmission part 14.

The screening mechanism 20 comprises a driving roller 21, a second driving motor 22 for driving the driving roller 21 to rotate, a plurality of driven members 23 and a plurality of belt strips 24; a plurality of grooves for placing the belt strips 24 are formed in the driving roller 21, the number of the belt strips 24 is the same as that of the driven pieces 23, the driven pieces 23 are internally provided with movably connected driven wheels 231, the belt strips 24 are connected with the grooves and the driven wheels 231, and the distance between the driven pieces 23 is larger than that between the grooves; it is a plurality of interval between the follower 23 is the same, and is a plurality of interval between the recess is the same to guarantee that the interval between a plurality of belt strips 24 is the same, realize that the interval between a plurality of belt strips 24 increases from second driving motor 22 to follower 23 department in proper order, make the diameter differ little the oil tea fruit accurate fall into the husking mechanism 30 that sets up, realize the effective screening to the oil tea fruit.

The husking mechanism 30 comprises a plurality of husking assemblies 31 and a third driving motor 32 for driving the husking assemblies 31 to operate; the shelling assemblies 31 respectively comprise a shelling cylinder 38, a first fixing plate 33, a second fixing plate 34, a plurality of shelling rods 35 and a rotating rod 36; two ends of the plurality of shelling rods 35 are fixedly connected along the peripheral edges of the first fixing plate 33 and the second fixing plate 34 respectively, and the plurality of shelling rods 35 are arranged around the rotating rod 36; the rotating rod 36 penetrates through the middle parts of the first fixing plate 33 and the second fixing plate 34 and is hinged with two ends of the shelling cylinder 38, and the rotating rod 36 can also be fixedly connected with the shelling cylinder 38 through a bearing; the driving shaft of the third driving motor 32 is in belt connection with the rotating rod 36, and the driving shaft of the third driving motor 32 drives the rotating rod 36 to be selectively installed in a belt transmission manner; the bottom of the shell removing cylinder 38 is provided with a plurality of shell removing holes 37; the diameters of the hulling holes 37 in the plurality of hulling assemblies 31 are different, and the hulling assemblies 31 with the diameters of the hulling holes 37 corresponding to the diameters from small to large are sequentially arranged below the belt strips 24; the shapes of the first fixing plate 33 and the second fixing plate 34 can be selected from a circle or an equilateral polygon, so that the installation of the plurality of peeling rods 35 is facilitated.

The conveying mechanism 40 is a conveyor and is used for conveying the camellia oleifera fruits subjected to the husking treatment by the husking mechanism 30 to the husk and seed separating mechanism 50; preferably a Xiangyunlong brand belt conveyor.

The shell-seed separating mechanism 50 comprises a third fixing plate 51, a fourth fixing plate 52, a plurality of separating assemblies 53 and a fourth driving motor 54 for driving the separating assemblies 53 to operate; the third fixing plate 51 and the fourth fixing plate 52 are respectively movably connected with two ends of the separating assembly 53; the separation assembly 53 comprises a master squeeze roll 57, a slave squeeze roll 55; the main squeezing roller 57 and the slave squeezing roller 55 are both provided with gears in meshed connection, and the main squeezing roller 57 is provided with a plurality of racks 541. The fourth driving motor 54 drives the main pressing roller 57 of one separating assembly 53 through the gears engaged with the plurality of separating assemblies 53, thereby enabling the plurality of separating assemblies 53 to operate; gaps are formed between the main squeezing rollers 57 and the auxiliary squeezing rollers 55 and used for discharging tea oil shells squeezed by the main squeezing rollers 57 and the auxiliary squeezing rollers 55 from the gaps, the gaps between the main squeezing rollers 57 and the auxiliary squeezing rollers 55 are 1 mm-3 mm, preferably 2mm, and the tea oil shells can be effectively separated under the condition that tea seeds in large tea oil fruits and small tea oil fruits are not damaged.

The feeding box 17 is funnel-shaped, so that the oil tea fruits can move downwards to the discharge hole 173 conveniently; the feeding box 17 is internally provided with a first inclined plate 171 and a second inclined plate 172, the first inclined plate 171 and the second inclined plate 172 are perforated plates with a net structure, so that sundries such as small stones mixed when the oil tea fruits enter the feeding box 17 can be screened, the sundries such as the small stones are placed to enter the conveying belt 16, the diameter of holes of the perforated plates is half of the diameter of the minimum oil tea fruits, is 5-10mm, and is preferably 8 mm; the bottom of the feeding box 17 corresponding to the first inclined plate 171 and the second inclined plate 172 is provided with a discharge hole 173, and the discharge hole 173 is used for guiding out the oil tea fruits processed by the first inclined plate 171 and the second inclined plate 172; slag holes 174 are respectively formed in two sides of the feeding box 17 corresponding to the first inclined plate 171 and the second inclined plate 172, and the slag holes 174 are used for guiding out impurities such as small stones screened out through the first inclined plate 171 and the second inclined plate 172; the first inclined plate 171 extends to the lower end of the second inclined plate 172 to prevent part of sundries such as small stones from leaking out of the middle of the first inclined plate 171 and the second inclined plate 172, and the first inclined plate 171 extends to the lower part of the second inclined plate 172 to enable oil-tea camellia fruits to orderly enter the discharge holes 173, so that the oil-tea camellia fruits can conveniently enter the conveying mechanism 12; the inclination angle of the first inclined plate 171 and the second inclined plate 172 is 30 degrees to 60 degrees, and the inclination angle of the first inclined plate 171 and the second inclined plate 172 is preferably 45 degrees, so that the first inclined plate 171 and the second inclined plate 172 which are better for oil-tea camellia fruits can complete feeding, and sundries such as small stones can be conveniently leaked from the leakage holes of the first inclined plate 171 and the second inclined plate 172.

A belt adjusting device 131 is arranged at one end of the fixed conveying part 13, and the belt adjusting device 131 is used for adjusting the tightness of the conveying belt 16 and reducing the influence of the lifting device 18 on the conveying belt 16 when the movable conveying part 14 is adjusted; the belt adjusting device 131 comprises an adjusting roller 132, sliding plates 133 arranged at two ends of the adjusting roller 132, and an adjusting mechanism 134; the fixed transmission part 13 is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the sliding plate 133, the adjusting mechanism 134 is fixed on the fixed transmission part 13, and the adjusting end of the adjusting mechanism 134 is connected with the sliding plate 133. The sliding plate 133 can slide back and forth in the sliding slot, the sliding plate 133 can be provided with an adjusting part connected with the sliding plate 133, the adjusting part is connected with the movable end of the adjusting mechanism 134, and the conveying mechanism 12 is provided with a fixing plate corresponding to the adjusting mechanism 134 and used for fixing the fixed end of the adjusting mechanism 134.

The adjusting mechanism 134 is a worm gear lead screw lifter, and can adopt an SWL turbine lifter; the lifting device 18 is a lifting cylinder or a worm gear screw rod lifter. The conveying mechanism 12 may be provided with an adjusting motor corresponding to the adjusting mechanism 134, and the worm wheel of the worm wheel-screw rod lifter is adjusted to realize the movement of the screw rod, so as to adjust the adjusting roller 132.

The distance between the lifting device 18 and the first driving motor 142 is between one fifth and one half of the total length of the movable transmission part 14. Preferably, the distance between the lifting device 18 and the first driving motor 142 is one third of the total length of the movable transmission part 14, so that the lifting device 18 can support and lift and adjust the movable transmission part 14 conveniently.

The two sides of the conveying belt 16 are provided with wavy side baffles 161, and the wavy side baffles 161 can enable the oil-tea camellia fruits to approach to the middle in the falling process, so that the outward two sides of the oil-tea camellia fruits cannot fall out of the feeding hole 601 of the husking and sorting equipment; two be equipped with the horizontal baffle 162 of a plurality of connections between the side shield 161, horizontal baffle 162 and side shield 161 divide into a plurality of intervals with transmission band 16, are favorable to the transportation of tea-oil camellia fruit.

The one end of activity transmission portion 14 corresponds feed inlet 601 and is equipped with range unit 141, range unit 141 is perpendicular to the direction of transmission of activity transmission portion 14 and sets up, and range unit 141 adopts the mode of ultrasonic ranging, adopts ultrasonic sensor, and the model can select KS-US016R ultrasonic sensor for the Corson company, when detecting that feed inlet 601 appears piling up, slows down the functioning speed of first driving motor 142 drive transmission band 16, adjusts the speed that the tea-seed oil fruit got into in feed inlet 601, also can stop the operation of transmission band 16 and carry out the alarm prompt.

A detection device is arranged in the feeding box 17 and used for detecting whether the oil tea fruits are fed into the feeding box 17 or not, and the detection device is arranged at the discharge hole 173; the detection device is a photoelectric sensor, can select an E3Z-T61A photoelectric switch sensor, and can also be a Lixiang square laser correlation photoelectric switch remote sensor; the universal wheels 111 are arranged at the bottom of the machine body 11, so that the conveying device 10 can be operated and adjusted conveniently, effective matching of the conveying device 10 and the feeding port 601 in the husking and sorting equipment is guaranteed, and adjusting efficiency is improved.

The installation positions of the driving roller 21 and the driven member 23 in the machine body 11 are not on the same horizontal line, the installation position of the driven member 23 is located at a place obliquely above or obliquely below the driving roller 21, preferably, the driven member is arranged obliquely below, and the screening speed of the oil tea fruits can be increased; when the belt strips are arranged obliquely above, the belt strips 24 are required to be provided with spaced bulges, so that the movement of the oil tea fruits is conveniently driven. The included angle between the horizontal line where the driving roller 21 is located and the belt strips 24 is 5-60 degrees, and the included angle between the horizontal line where the driving roller 21 is located and the belt strips 24 is preferably 30 degrees, so that the oil tea fruits can be guaranteed to orderly slide on the belt strips 24, and effective screening is realized.

The machine body 11 is provided with a support 25 corresponding to the driven part 23, a slotted hole 251 is arranged in the support 25, the driven part 23 is arranged in the slotted hole 251 in a sliding manner, the arrangement of the slotted hole 251 facilitates the adjustment of the distance between the driven parts 23, the classification of different requirements of oil tea fruits is realized, and the machine body can also be used for screening other fruit types. The driven member 23 further comprises a fixing rod 232 and a concave member 233 fixedly connected to the fixing rod 232; the fixing rod 232 is provided with a fixing nut 237, the fixing nut 237 is used for fixing the fixing rod 232 on the bracket 25, the fixing rod 232 is provided with a thread matched with the fixing nut 237, and the tightness of the belt strip 24 can be adjusted by adjusting the fixing nut 237; the concave member 233 is provided with a placing hole 234 at both sides thereof, the driven wheel 231 is provided with a transverse supporting rod 235 at both sides thereof, and the transverse supporting rod 235 is movably fixed in the placing hole 234.

The placing hole 234 is provided with an opening 236. The driven wheel 231 is conveniently placed in the concave part 233 through the opening 236, the opening direction of the opening 236 is arranged in the direction inclined to the fixing rod 232, the size of the opening 236 is the same as the diameter of the transverse supporting rod 235, and the driven wheel 231 is prevented from falling out of the opening 236 when the opening 236 is downward. The collecting frame 102 may be a collecting groove or a guiding groove inclined at a certain angle to guide the camellia oleifera fruits from the inside of the machine body 11 to the outside of the machine body 11.

The cross section of the peeling rod 35 is circular or fan-shaped, and the number of the peeling rods 35 is 3 to 5, preferably 3, in this case, the shapes of the first fixing plate 33 and the second fixing plate 34 can also be equilateral triangles, preferably circular.

The auxiliary squeezing roller 55 is provided with symmetrically distributed concave parts 551, the concave parts 551 can also be concave-convex connecting parts, the number of the concave parts 551 is 2 to 4, preferably 2, and camellia seeds can not stay on the surface of the auxiliary squeezing roller 55 when the concave parts 551 are matched with the racks 541 to squeeze camellia shells; the cross-sectional area of the rack 541 is a sector, and the rotation direction of the rack 541 is from a region not being an arc surface to the rotation of the arc surface region.

The diameter of the cross-section of the slave squeeze roll 55 is between one half and one quarter of the diameter of the cross-section of the master squeeze roll 57. Preferably the diameter of the cross section of the slave roll 55 is one third of the diameter of the cross section of the master roll 57 and the diameter of the cross section of the master roll 57 is 4cm to 6cm, preferably 5 cm.

The shell-seed separating mechanism 50 further comprises a shaking mechanism 56; the sieve shaking mechanism 56 comprises a sieve shaking net 561 and a vibration motor 562 for driving the sieve shaking net 561 to vibrate. Through the vibration of the vibrating screen 561 of the vibration motor 562, the camellia seeds transmitted from the separating component 53 are vibrated, so that the part of camellia shells brought out by the camellia seeds is screened, and the quality of the camellia seeds out of the device is improved; the aperture of the mesh on the shaking screen 561 is between 5mm and 8mm, preferably 6 mm.

The automatic adjusting device further comprises a control part 70, automatic adjustment of the lifting device 18, the first driving motor 142, the adjusting mechanism 134, the distance measuring device 141, the detecting device, the second driving motor 22, the third driving motor 32, the fourth driving motor 54, the vibrating motor 562 and the like is achieved through the control part 70, and the control part 70 can be controlled by a single chip microcomputer controller or an ARM controller.

Example 1:

the working principle of the invention is as follows:

the oil tea fruits are put into the feeding box 17, the first inclined plate 171 and the second inclined plate 172 roughly screen the oil tea fruits, and impurities such as small stones brought in the oil tea fruits are screened out and discharged from the slag hole 174; the screened oil tea fruits enter the conveying belt 16 of the conveying mechanism 12 from the discharge hole 173; the first driving motor 142 drives the main conveying roller to operate, and the main conveying roller drives the conveying belt 16 to operate along the conveying roller 15, so that the oil tea fruits are conveyed to the feeding hole 601 of the husking and sorting equipment;

when one end of the movable transmission part 14 is too high or too low from the feeding hole 601, the movable transmission part 14 rotates along the fixed transmission part 13 by controlling the lifting of the lifting device 18, so that the distance between the movable transmission part 14 and the feeding hole 601 is adjusted, and the matching of the conveying device 10 and the husking and sorting device is ensured; in the process of lifting the movable transmission part 14, the belt adjusting device 131 adjusts the transmission belt 16, so that the influence of the movable transmission part 14 on the transmission belt 16 in the lifting adjusting process is reduced; meanwhile, the belt adjusting device 131 can adjust the tightness of the conveying belt 16, so that the conveying belt 16 is matched with the conveying roller 15 more tightly, the conveying efficiency is improved, and the production efficiency is further improved;

the oil tea fruits enter the belt strips 24 of the screening mechanism 20 from the feeding hole 601, and the oil tea fruits can fall from the belt strips 24 at corresponding intervals by sequentially increasing the intervals between the belt strips 24, so that the oil tea fruits enter the hulling cylinder 38 in the hulling assembly 31 to screen the oil tea fruits; the second driving motor 22 drives the driving roller 21 to rotate, so that the belt strips 24 are driven to operate, the operation speed of the oil tea fruits on the belt strips 24 is increased, the oil tea fruits are effectively prevented from being clamped between the belt strips 24 and blocking the movement of other oil tea fruits, the anti-blocking effect during screening is realized, and the screening efficiency is improved;

the camellia oleifera fruits entering the shelling cylinder 38 stay in the shelling holes 37, the third driving motor 32 drives the rotating rod 36 to rotate, the rotating rod 36 drives the first fixing plate 33 and the second fixing plate 34 to be selectively installed, so that the shelling rod 35 is driven to rotate along the shelling holes 37 of the shelling cylinder 38, and when the shelling rod 35 is close to the shelling holes 37, the camellia oleifera fruits in the shelling holes 37 are contacted with each other to extrude the camellia oleifera fruits, so that the separation of camellia oleifera shells and camellia seeds is realized; the separated oil-tea camellia shells and oil-tea camellia seeds fall into a transmission mechanism 40, and the transmission mechanism 40 transmits the oil-tea camellia shells and the oil-tea camellia seeds to a shell seed separation mechanism 50; by arranging the plurality of shelling assemblies 31, the screened oil-tea fruits with different sizes are shelled, so that the simultaneous shelling treatment of the oil-tea fruits with different sizes is realized;

the fourth driving motor 54 in the hull and seed separating mechanism 50 drives the separating assemblies 53 to operate, the rack 541 on the main squeezing roller 57 drives the camellia oleifera shells and the camellia oleifera seeds to move along the rotating direction, the camellia oleifera seeds have good fluidity and are easy to bounce and are pushed by the arc surfaces on the rack 541 to bounce to the next group of separating assemblies 53 until entering the shaking screen 561 in the shaking screen mechanism 56, the vibrating motor 562 vibrates the shaking screen 561 to carry out vibration screening on the camellia oleifera shells brought into the shaking screen 561, and the camellia oleifera seeds are output from the seed outlet holes 602, so that the camellia oleifera seeds with high quality and good screening effect are obtained; when the camellia seeds enter the gap between the main extrusion roller 57 and the auxiliary extrusion roller 55, the cambered surface of the rack 541 presses the camellia seeds under the coordination of the auxiliary extrusion roller 55 to enable the camellia seeds to bounce out of the gap area, so that the camellia seeds in the gap area cannot be extruded, and the screening effect is improved; the shape of the camellia oleifera shells after extrusion is different, the camellia oleifera shells do not have bounce, the mobility is poor, the rack 541 entering the main extrusion roller 57 drives the camellia oleifera shells to enter the gap area between the main extrusion roller 57 and the slave extrusion roller 55, when the concave part 551 of the slave extrusion roller 55 rotates to the gap area, the camellia oleifera shells are extruded, the camellia oleifera shells are driven to enter the lower part of the gap area, the camellia oleifera shells enter the guide grooves of the camellia oleifera shells, and the camellia oleifera shells are guided to the outside of the rack 60, so that the separation of the camellia oleifera.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a tea-oil camellia shell seed piece-rate system which characterized in that: comprises a conveying device (10) and a husking and sorting device; the husking and sorting device comprises a screening mechanism (20), a husking mechanism (30), a conveying mechanism (40), a husk and seed separating mechanism (50) and a rack (60); the screening mechanism (20), the husking mechanism (30), the conveying mechanism (40) and the shell-seed separating mechanism (50) are sequentially arranged in the rack (60) from top to bottom; a feed inlet (601) is formed in one side, corresponding to the screening mechanism (20), of the rack (60), and a seed outlet hole (602) is formed in the rack (60) corresponding to the shell-seed separating mechanism (50);

the conveying device (10) comprises a machine body (11) and a conveying mechanism (12) arranged on the machine body (11); the conveying mechanism (12) comprises a fixed conveying part (13) and a movable conveying part (14); the fixed transmission part (13) is hinged with the movable transmission part (14), a plurality of transmission rollers (15) are arranged on the fixed transmission part (13) and the movable transmission part (14), a transmission belt (16) is arranged on the plurality of transmission rollers (15), a main transmission roller is arranged at one end of the movable transmission part (14), a first driving motor (142) is arranged on the movable transmission part (14) corresponding to the main transmission roller, and the first driving motor (142) drives the main transmission roller to drive the transmission belt (16) to move along the plurality of transmission rollers (15); the machine body (11) is provided with a feeding box (17) corresponding to the fixed transmission part (13), and the machine body (11) is provided with a lifting device (18) corresponding to the movable transmission part (14); two ends of the lifting device (18) are respectively hinged with the machine body (11) and the movable transmission part (14);

the screening mechanism (20) comprises a driving roller (21), a second driving motor (22) for driving the driving roller (21) to rotate, a plurality of driven pieces (23) and a plurality of belt strips (24); a plurality of grooves for placing the belt strips (24) are formed in the driving roller (21), the belt strips (24) and the driven members (23) are the same in number, driven wheels (231) which are movably connected are arranged in the driven members (23), the belt strips (24) are connected with the grooves and the driven wheels (231), and the distance between the driven members (23) is larger than the distance between the grooves;

the husking mechanism (30) comprises a plurality of husking assemblies (31) and a third driving motor (32) for driving the husking assemblies (31) to operate; the shelling assemblies (31) respectively comprise shelling cylinders (38), a first fixing plate (33), a second fixing plate (34), a plurality of shelling rods (35) and a rotating rod (36); two ends of the plurality of shelling rods (35) are fixedly connected along the peripheral edges of the first fixing plate (33) and the second fixing plate (34) respectively; the rotating rod (36) penetrates through the middle parts of the first fixing plate (33) and the second fixing plate (34) and is hinged with two ends of the shelling cylinder (38), and a driving shaft of the third driving motor (32) is in belt connection with the rotating rod (36); the bottom of the shell removing cylinder (32) is provided with a plurality of shell removing holes (37); the diameters of the shelling holes (37) in the shelling assemblies (31) are different, and the shelling assemblies (31) with the corresponding diameters of the shelling holes (37) from small to large are sequentially arranged below the belt strips (24);

the conveying mechanism (40) is a conveyor;

the shell-seed separating mechanism (50) comprises a third fixing plate (51), a fourth fixing plate (52), a plurality of separating assemblies (53) and a fourth driving motor (54) for driving the separating assemblies (53) to operate; the third fixing plate (51) and the fourth fixing plate (52) are respectively and movably connected with two ends of the separating assembly (53); the separation assembly (53) comprises a main pressing roller (57) and a secondary pressing roller (55); the main squeeze roll (57) and the slave squeeze roll (55) are both provided with gears in meshed connection, and the main squeeze roll (57) is provided with a plurality of racks (541).

2. The oil tea shell and seed separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding box (17) is funnel-shaped, a first inclined plate (171) and a second inclined plate (172) are arranged in the feeding box (17), the first inclined plate (171) and the second inclined plate (172) are perforated plates with net structures, discharge holes (173) are formed in the bottoms of the feeding box (17) corresponding to the first inclined plate (171) and the second inclined plate (172), and slag discharge holes (174) are formed in the two sides of the feeding box (17) corresponding to the first inclined plate (171) and the second inclined plate (172) respectively; the first inclined plate (171) extends to the lower end of the second inclined plate (172); the inclination angles of the first inclined plate (171) and the second inclined plate (172) are between 30 degrees and 60 degrees.

3. The oil tea shell and seed separation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: one end of the fixed transmission part (13) is provided with a belt adjusting device (131); the belt adjusting device (131) comprises an adjusting roller (132), sliding plates (133) arranged at two ends of the adjusting roller (132) and an adjusting mechanism (134); the fixed transmission part (13) is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the sliding plate (133), the adjusting mechanism (134) is fixed on the fixed transmission part (13), and the adjusting end of the adjusting mechanism (134) is connected with the sliding plate (133).

4. The oil tea shell and seed separation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the distance between the lifting device (18) and the first driving motor (142) is between one fifth and one half of the total length of the movable transmission part (14).

5. The oil tea shell and seed separation system according to claim 4, wherein: the installation positions of the driving roller (21) and the driven roller (23) in the machine body (11) are not on the same horizontal line; the included angle between the horizontal line of the driving roller (21) and the belt strip (24) is between 5 and 60 degrees.

6. The oil tea shell and seed separation system according to claim 5, wherein: the machine body (11) is provided with a bracket (25) corresponding to the driven piece (23), a slotted hole (251) is formed in the bracket (25), and the driven piece (23) is arranged in the slotted hole (251) in a sliding manner; the driven part (23) also comprises a fixed rod (232) and a concave part (233) fixedly connected with the fixed rod (232); a fixing nut (237) is arranged on the fixing rod (232); placing holes (234) are formed in two sides of the concave part (233), transverse supporting rods (235) are arranged on two sides of the driven wheel (231), and the transverse supporting rods (235) are movably fixed in the placing holes (234).

7. The oil tea shell and seed separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of each shelling rod (35) is circular or fan-shaped, and the number of the shelling rods (35) is three.

8. The oil tea shell and seed separation system according to claim 6, wherein: the auxiliary extrusion roller (55) is provided with symmetrically distributed concave parts (551), and the cross section area of the rack (541) is in a fan shape.

9. The oil tea shell and seed separation system according to claim 7, wherein: the diameter of the slave squeeze roll (55) is between one half and one quarter of the diameter of the master squeeze roll (57).

10. The oil tea shell and seed separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shell and seed separating mechanism (50) further comprises a shaking and screening mechanism (56); the sieve shaking mechanism (56) comprises a sieve shaking screen (561) and a vibration motor (562) for driving the sieve shaking screen (561) to vibrate.