CN111227129A - 一种低氧化锌仔猪教槽料 - Google Patents
一种低氧化锌仔猪教槽料 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种低氧化锌仔猪教槽料，其特征在于，按重量份计，包括以下成分：乳猪玉米10～15份，膨化玉米12～18份，磷脂粉1～3份，碎米8～12份，蔗糖2～5份，乳清粉15～20份，豆油1～2份，46豆粕3～4份，速爆大豆8～12份，鱼粉2～6份，小麦肽1～3份，新普乐1～5份，骊加健4～8份，高效氧化锌0.1～0.2份，预混料8～12份。本发明提供的低氧化锌仔猪教槽料既能满足农业部对氧化锌中锌添加量的要求，又能控制仔猪腹泻率、提高仔猪生长性能的教槽料。
Description
技术领域
本发明饲料领域，具体涉及一种低氧化锌仔猪教槽料。
背景技术
锌是动物体内维持生理功能的重要微量元素之一，为了预防和控制腹泻，当前很多饲料企业在乳猪饲料中添加高剂量氧化锌。研究表明，高锌日粮通过降低结肠内容物挥发性盐基氮含量，提高蛋白日粮的胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶活性和粗蛋白质表观消化率等途径来防控仔猪腹泻的发生；但是实际生产中，很多养殖者反应，高锌的使用虽然降低了乳仔猪腹泻率，但也对乳仔猪的生长和免疫机能产生了负面影响。猪生产中高剂量的使用氧化锌，不但会造成动物排泄物中锌的含量明显上升，使土壤累积锌，地下水锌含量超标，而造成环境污染，阻碍畜牧业的可持续发展。
为此，近年来农业农村部颁布了2625号公告《饲料添加剂安全使用规范》等行业法规对饲料中氧化锌的使用加以控制，将仔猪断奶后两周内饲料中以氧化锌形式添加的锌元素含量从2250mg/kg降低到1600mg/kg。如何在减少教乳料中氧化锌添加量的同时，又能控制住仔猪断奶应激、降低腹泻率，提高仔猪后期生长性能，是目前饲料行业面临的难题。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种低氧化锌仔猪教槽料，既能满足农业部对氧化锌中锌添加量的要求，又能控制仔猪腹泻率、提高仔猪生长性能，具体方案如下：
一种低氧化锌仔猪教槽料，其特征在于，按重量份计，包括以下成分：乳猪玉米10～15份，膨化玉米12～18份，磷脂粉1～3份，碎米8～12份，蔗糖2～5份，乳清粉15～20份，豆油1～2份，46豆粕3～4份，速爆大豆8～12份，鱼粉2～6份，小麦肽1～3份，新普乐1～5份，骊加健4～8份，高效氧化锌0.1～0.2份，预混料8～12份。
进一步地，所述低氧化锌仔猪教槽料包括以下成分：乳猪玉米11～13份，膨化玉米14～16份，磷脂粉1.5～2.5份，碎米9～11份，蔗糖3～4份，乳清粉16～19份，豆油1～2份，46豆粕3～4份，速爆大豆9～11份，鱼粉3～5份，小麦肽1.5～2.5份，新普乐2～3份，骊加健5～7份，高效氧化锌0.1～0.2份，预混料9～11份。
进一步地，所述低氧化锌仔猪教槽料包括以下成分：乳猪玉米12.5份，膨化玉米15份，磷脂粉2份，碎米10份，蔗糖3.5份，乳清粉17.5份，豆油1.5份，46豆粕3.5份，速爆大豆10份，鱼粉4份，小麦肽2份，新普乐2.5份，骊加健6份，高效氧化锌0.15份，预混料10份。
进一步地，所述预混料选自赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸、苏氨酸、植酸酶、氯化胆碱、维生素预混剂、矿物元素预混剂、香味剂、甜味剂、抗菌肽、防霉剂、抗氧化剂、益生菌、大豆黄酮中的一种或多种。
进一步地，所述高效氧化锌为包膜微孔氧化锌，所述包膜微孔氧化锌中氧化锌含量为90％。
优选地，所述低氧化锌仔猪教槽料营养成分包括消化能3540kcal/kg、粗蛋白质18.5％、粗脂肪6.5％、粗纤维1.7％、钙0.75％、总磷0.70％、赖氨酸1.4％、蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸总量为0.75％。
所述低氧化锌仔猪教槽料中以氧化锌形式提供的锌元素含量低于1600mg/Kg饲料，具体地，低于1100mg/Kg。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明提供的低氧化锌仔猪教槽料成本低，其中以氧化锌形式提供的锌元素含量符合农业部要求的要求，并且仔猪的腹泻率也得到了控制，保障了仔猪的生长性能。
具体实施方式
以下说明描述了本发明的可选实施方式以教导本领域普通技术人员如何实施和再现本明。为了教导本发明技术方案，已简化或省略了一些常规方面。本领域普通技术人员应该理解源自这些实施方式的变型或替换将落在本发明的保护范围内。本领域普通技术人员应该理解下述特征能够以各种方式组合以形成本发明的多个变型。
实施例1
1.材料与方法
包膜微孔氧化锌，购自浙江某公司，氧化锌含量为90％，微米级，白色粉末状。丁酸钠，购自浙江某公司，丁酸含量30％，包膜型。普通氧化锌，购自湖南省某公司，氧化锌含量为95％。
2.试验设计
选择22日龄体重(6.5±0.5)kg的DLY三元杂交断奶仔猪160头，随机分成2个处理(对照组和试验组)，每个处理4个重复，每个重复一个猪栏20头仔猪，公母猪各半。对照组日粮在基础日粮中添加3kg/T普通氧化锌，试验组日粮在基础日粮中添加1.5kg/T包膜微孔氧化锌和0.5kg/T丁酸钠。试验分组见表1，基础日粮原料组成及营养成分含量见表2。
表1试验一分组及日粮配制
本试验在湖南某种猪场进行，时间为2017年11月4日至12月3日，共计30天，试验结束时猪群日龄为51d。试验分两个阶段，第一阶段14天，饲喂教槽料，第二阶段16天，饲喂保育前期料。各阶段基础日粮参考NRC(2012)营养需要和猪场实际生长情况配制成颗粒料，其组成及营养水平见表2。试验期间全程按照猪场保育猪饲养管理规程进行，严格免疫和保健，保持猪群自由采食和饮水。
表2基础日粮原料组成及营养成分含量(风干基础)
备注：预混料组成符合NRC(2012)和农业部2625号公告推荐的教槽保育猪营养需要量。
饲料营养成分含量均为计算值。
生长性能数据测定
试验中人工统计每个重复猪群的每天采食量，计算每个重复猪栏的头平均采食量(ADFI)，试验结束后提取正式试验期间猪群的采食量和体重数据，计算每头猪的平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)、料重比(F/G)等生长指标。
数据统计与分析
试验原始数据使用Excel 2013进行统计，采用SAS 9.4统计软件中一般线性模型(GLM)进行方差分析，并用Duncan氏法进行多重比较；P<0.05为差异显著，P>0.05为差异不显著。
3结果与分析
日粮中添加包膜微孔氧化锌和丁酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响
试验结果如表3可知，断奶仔猪教保料中添加包膜微孔氧化锌和丁酸钠，替代原配方中药理剂量普通氧化锌后，对22-51日龄阶段断奶仔猪日采食量、日增重和料重比等指标没有显著影响(P>0.05)，表明试验料对断奶仔猪生长性能没有明显的不利影响。在造肉成本上可以看出，试验组断奶仔猪两个阶段的造肉成本与对照组相比均差异不显著，但从数值上看，试验组成本要高于对照组，表明此方案下，在实际应用中，会造成替代方案饲料的成本提高，影响最终生产效益。
表3基础日粮中添加包膜微孔氧化锌和丁酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响
上述实施例阐明的内容应当理解为这些实施例仅用于更清楚地说明本发明，而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落入本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种低氧化锌仔猪教槽料，其特征在于，按重量份计，包括以下成分：乳猪玉米10～15份，膨化玉米12～18份，磷脂粉1～3份，碎米8～12份，蔗糖2～5份，乳清粉15～20份，豆油1～2份，46豆粕3～4份，速爆大豆8～12份，鱼粉2～6份，小麦肽1～3份，新普乐1～5份，骊加健4～8份，高效氧化锌0.1～0.2份，预混料8～12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低氧化锌仔猪教槽料，其特征在于，所述低氧化锌仔猪教槽料包括以下成分：乳猪玉米11～13份，膨化玉米14～16份，磷脂粉1.5～2.5份，碎米9～11份，蔗糖3～4份，乳清粉16～19份，豆油1～2份，46豆粕3～4份，速爆大豆9～11份，鱼粉3～5份，小麦肽1.5～2.5份，新普乐2～3份，骊加健5～7份，高效氧化锌0.1～0.2份，预混料9～11份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的低氧化锌仔猪教槽料，其特征在于，所述低氧化锌仔猪教槽料包括以下成分：乳猪玉米12.5份，膨化玉米15份，磷脂粉2份，碎米10份，蔗糖3.5份，乳清粉17.5份，豆油1.5份，46豆粕3.5份，速爆大豆10份，鱼粉4份，小麦肽2份，新普乐2.5份，骊加健6份，高效氧化锌0.15份，预混料10份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的低氧化锌仔猪教槽料，其特征在于，所述预混料选自赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸、苏氨酸、植酸酶、氯化胆碱、维生素预混剂、矿物元素预混剂、香味剂、甜味剂、抗菌肽、防霉剂、抗氧化剂、益生菌、大豆黄酮中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的低氧化锌仔猪教槽料，其特征在于，所述高效氧化锌为包膜微孔氧化锌，所述包膜微孔氧化锌中氧化锌含量为90％。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的低氧化锌仔猪教槽料，其特征在于，所述低氧化锌仔猪教槽料营养成分包括消化能3540kcal/kg、粗蛋白质18.5％、粗脂肪6.5％、粗纤维1.7％、钙0.75％、总磷0.70％、赖氨酸1.4％、蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸总量为0.75％。
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