CN111149932A - 一种娟姗犊牛开食料及其饲喂方法 - Google Patents
一种娟姗犊牛开食料及其饲喂方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111149932A CN111149932A CN202010117817.2A CN202010117817A CN111149932A CN 111149932 A CN111149932 A CN 111149932A CN 202010117817 A CN202010117817 A CN 202010117817A CN 111149932 A CN111149932 A CN 111149932A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- percent
- equal
- starter
- jersey
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002601 urease inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229940090496 Urease inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920002498 Beta-glucan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 101710089042 Demethyl-4-deoxygadusol synthase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 claims description 19
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930003779 Vitamin B12 Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930003448 Vitamin K Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-ZQBYOMGUSA-N [14c]-nicotinamide Chemical compound N[14C](=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RRUDCFGSUDOHDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetohydroxamic acid Chemical group CC(O)=NO RRUDCFGSUDOHDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001171 acetohydroxamic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M cobalt(2+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+2].N#[C-].[N-]([C@@H]1[C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]3CO)N3C4=CC(C)=C(C)C=C4N=C3)O)\C2=C(C)/C([C@H](C\2(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=N/C/2=C\C([C@H]([C@@]/2(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C(C)/C2=N[C@]1(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960000355 copper sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001781 ferrous sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940029985 mineral supplement Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020786 mineral supplement Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N phylloquinone Natural products CC(C)CCCCC(C)CCC(C)CCCC(=CCC1=C(C)C(=O)c2ccccc2C1=O)C SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960004839 potassium iodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007715 potassium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005282 vitamin D3 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019168 vitamin K Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011712 vitamin K Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003721 vitamin K derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940021056 vitamin d3 Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940046010 vitamin k Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019755 Starter Diet Nutrition 0.000 claims 6
- 239000006054 starter diet Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 21
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 compound vitamin Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006651 lactation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223782 Ciliophora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000396461 Eucalyptus diversicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010053759 Growth retardation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061291 Mineral deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003165 abomasum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000022531 anorexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000037208 balanced nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019046 balanced nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021316 daily nutritional intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010061428 decreased appetite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000038379 digestive enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091007734 digestive enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000001 growth retardation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000022676 rumination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015212 rumination disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
- A23K50/15—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants containing substances which are metabolically converted to proteins, e.g. ammonium salts or urea
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
本发明提供一种娟姗犊牛开食料及其饲喂方法，属于畜牧养殖领域，按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料70～90％、糖蜜豆皮5～20％、苜蓿草粉0～20％；所述颗粒料按照重量份包括：玉米30～40份、麦麸10～20份、豆粕20～30份、DDGS 10～20份、食盐0.5～2份、矿物质0.1～1份、预混料1～3份、过瘤胃脂肪0.1～0.3份、过瘤胃氨基酸0.05～0.3份、尿酶抑制剂0.1～0.5份、糖萜素0.5～2份、β(1，3)‑葡聚糖0.5～2份。该娟姗犊牛开食料，包含犊牛颗粒料、糖蜜豆皮和苜蓿草粉，产品营养均衡，可有效地促进犊牛生长，降低断奶应激的对犊牛的不良影响。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及畜牧养殖领域，具体一种娟姗犊牛开食料及其饲喂方法。
背景技术
犊牛一般指从初生到6月龄的小牛，这个阶段的生长发育是奶牛整个生命过程中最为迅速的时期。尤其是0-3月龄犊牛，是奶牛生长的最为关键的时期。犊牛刚出生时，不能进行反刍，到3周龄时，瘤胃内开始出现正常的微生物活动，8-10周龄时开始反刍，6月龄时建立完全的消化功能。在犊牛阶段，消化道和采食发生了重要的变化。
犊牛开食料是断奶前后适应犊牛营养需要的混合精料，除了能给犊牛提供生长发育过程中所必需的营养物质外，还能促进犊牛尽早采食非乳类精、粗饲料，为犊牛的前胃提供发育的刺激物，并为其接种有用的细菌、纤毛原虫和厌氧性真菌。及时给犊牛提供开食料能使其提早形成自由采食习惯，适应非乳类饲料，为早期断奶奠定基础，但早期断奶应激会使犊牛血液中一些代谢物的含量产生一定变化，出现厌食、生长延滞和免疫力下降等现象，发病率和死亡率升高，不仅影响犊牛健康，对后续生产性能亦有不良影响，给养牛业带来巨大的经济损失。
娟姗牛是世界闻名的中小型奶牛品种，该品种因其体型外貌、泌乳性能、适应性、牛只性情、乳质等方面具有优良特性而在世界乳业发达国家广受欢迎。该品种在血统上与瑞士褐牛、德温牛和凯瑞牛有关系，而与荷斯坦牛没有关系。在该品种的早期娟姗牛培育过程中，曾被称为奥尔德尼牛(Alderney)。娟姗牛是主要乳用牛品种中最小的品种之一(凯瑞牛和德克斯特牛更小)。
广西于2004年从新西兰引入娟姗牛进行饲养。娟姗牛是外来品种，广大养殖户对娟姗牛本身也不尽了解，常常在养殖方式、方法上与荷斯坦牛混为一谈，很大程度上制约了娟姗牛生产性能的有效发挥。娟姗奶牛体型较小，初生母犊体重22～27kg，体格比较纤瘦，性情温驯，采食量较少，在犊牛培育和饲养管理等方面有别于荷斯坦犊牛。现有的普通开食料不能适应和满足娟姗犊牛的生长需求，因此，需求一种娟姗犊牛专用的开食料，具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的之一是，针对上述问题，提供一种娟姗犊牛开食料，包含犊牛颗粒料、糖蜜豆皮和苜蓿草粉，产品营养均衡，可有效地促进犊牛生长，降低降低断奶应激的对犊牛的不良影响。
为达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种娟姗犊牛开食料，按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料70～90％、糖蜜豆皮5～20％、苜蓿草粉0～20％；
所述颗粒料按照重量份包括：玉米30～40份、麦麸10～20份、豆粕20～30份、DDGS10～20份、食盐0.5～2份、矿物质0.1～1份、预混料1～3份、过瘤胃脂肪0.1～0.3份、过瘤胃氨基酸0.05～0.3份、尿酶抑制剂0.1～0.5份、糖萜素0.5～2份、β(1，3)-葡聚糖0.5～2份。
优选的，所述预混料由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：石粉10～20份、小苏打5～15份、氧化镁1～5份、磷酸氢钙1～3份、抗氧化剂0.05～0.3份、复合维生素1～5份、矿物质添加剂1～5份。
优选的，所述苜蓿草粉营养成分：干物质≥90％，粗蛋白≥15％，粗脂肪≥3％，粗纤维≥20％，无氮浸出物≥35％，粗灰分≤12％。
优选的，所述糖蜜豆皮由糖蜜和豆皮组成；营养成分：干物质≥90％，粗蛋白≥8％，粗脂肪≥2％，粗纤维≥30％，无氮浸出物≥38％，粗灰分≤6％。
优选的，所述复合维生素包含以下成分：维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B12、烟酰胺、D-泛酸钙和叶酸。
优选的，所述矿物质添加剂包含以下成分：硫酸铜、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锌、硫酸锰、碘化钾、亚硒酸钠和硫酸钴。
优选的，所述尿酶抑制剂为醋羟胺酸。
还提供了一种娟姗犊牛开食料的饲喂方法,10日龄调教采食开食料，每日人工哺乳2次，喂开食料2次，随着犊牛月龄的增长逐渐减少喂奶量而增加开食料饲喂量，90日龄断奶时日喂料到2～3kg为止。
还提供了一种娟姗犊牛开食料的饲喂方法，10-30日龄，喂食的开食料按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料90％、糖蜜豆皮10％；30-60日龄，喂食的开食料按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料80％、糖蜜豆皮10％、苜蓿草粉10％；60-90日龄，喂食的开食料按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料70％、糖蜜豆皮10％、苜蓿草粉20％。
由于采用上述技术方案，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1.本发明提供的的娟姗犊牛开食料，包含犊牛颗粒料、糖蜜豆皮和苜蓿草粉，产品营养均衡，可有效地促进犊牛生长，降低降低断奶应激的对犊牛的不良影响。犊牛颗粒料除了发挥固体颗粒料的优势外，还添加了适量的促生长和抗应激成分，提高犊牛免疫力和适应能力；糖蜜成分有增加适口性的作用；苜蓿草粉可提供给瘤胃充足的蛋白质和可消化纤维，还能刺激反刍和促进瘤胃发育，从而促进犊牛的生长，降低断奶应激的对犊牛的不良影响，为娟姗犊牛成年后发挥良好的生产潜力奠定基础。
2.本发明提供的的娟姗犊牛开食料,添加过瘤胃脂肪，可有效保护瘤胃机能不被损害，提高使用效率。因为添加未经包被处理的脂肪存在诸多不足，可能带来的不利影响有：降低纤维素的消化率；包裹饲料颗粒，抑制微生物与纤维素的接触，降低消化酶的活力；液体油对部分微生物的毒害作用；与钙、镁结合，阻止瘤胃内的正常吸收。而过瘤胃脂肪不参加瘤胃内反应，不影响瘤胃的正常消化活动，保护瘤胃微生物平衡，当安全通过前胃而到达皱胃后，能迅速分解成可直接吸收利用的脂肪酸，从而为犊牛机体代谢提供高能量。
添加矿物质添加剂能够预防犊牛养殖中因矿物质缺乏引起的免疫力下降和营养吸收障碍。添加脲酶抑制剂能够有效缓解氨释放，提高氮吸收效率，避免氨中毒。糖萜素是从山茶科植物中提取的天然生物活性物质，可增强犊牛免疫力与抗氧化力，并有很强的抗应激作用，饲料中添加β(1，3)-葡聚糖可缓解犊牛的应激状态，提高应激状态下犊牛适应能力和存活率。
所述苜蓿草粉营养成分：干物质≥90％，粗蛋白≥15％，粗脂肪≥3％，粗纤维≥20％，无氮浸出物≥35％，粗灰分≤12％。苜蓿草含有丰富的粗蛋白质、矿物质(不含植酸磷)和维生素等重要的营养成分，并且含有动物所需的必需氨基酸、微量元素和未知生长因子。是高标准优质饲草，适口性好，营养价值高。
糖蜜豆皮颗粒：由糖蜜和豆皮组成。营养成分：干物质≥90％，粗蛋白≥8％，粗脂肪≥2％，粗纤维≥30％，无氮浸出物≥38％，粗灰分≤6％。其能够为提供优质、充分的能量和纤维。
3.本发明提供的的娟姗犊牛开食料,苜蓿草粉对犊牛的生长发育有明显的影响和促进作用，对犊牛瘤胃发育的影响随着时间的延长逐渐显现出来。因此，在生产实践中，依据年龄和生长发育适时调整日粮结构及配比可能会使饲养效果更显著。在10-30日龄，喂食的开食料按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料90％、糖蜜豆皮10％；可以为犊牛生长提供充足的营养成分，并先逐渐促进瘤胃的发育。30-60日龄，喂食的开食料按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料80％、糖蜜豆皮10％、苜蓿草粉10％，随着犊牛瘤胃的发育，添加苜蓿草粉，提供必要的粗蛋白，促进犊牛增重；60-90日龄，喂食的开食料按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料70％、糖蜜豆皮10％、苜蓿草粉20％，随着犊牛瘤胃的逐渐完善和抗应激能力的提升，提高苜蓿草粉的含量，为断奶后，适应粗料做准备。采用上述逐级调整的日粮结构，能够使犊牛更好的适应，降低抗应激能力，从而促进增重和降低发病率。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
一种娟姗犊牛开食料，按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料90％、糖蜜豆皮10％。
所述颗粒料按照重量份包括：玉米35份、麦麸15份、豆粕25份、DDGS 15份、食盐1份、矿物质0.5份、预混料2份、过瘤胃脂肪0.2份、过瘤胃氨基酸0.1份、尿酶抑制剂0.2份、糖萜素1份、β(1，3)-葡聚糖1份。
所述预混料由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：石粉15份、小苏打10份、氧化镁3份、磷酸氢钙2份、抗氧化剂0.2份、复合维生素3份、矿物质添加剂2份。
糖蜜豆皮颗粒：由糖蜜和豆皮组成。营养成分分析值：干物质90.02％，粗蛋白8.31％，粗脂肪2.11％，粗纤维34.84％，无氮浸出物40.42％，粗灰分4.35％，钙0.65％，磷0.14％，总能16.833MJ/kg。产地为广西防城。
所述复合维生素包含以下成分：维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B12、烟酰胺、D-泛酸钙和叶酸。
所述矿物质添加剂包含以下成分：硫酸铜、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锌、硫酸锰、碘化钾、亚硒酸钠和硫酸钴。所述尿酶抑制剂为醋羟胺酸。
实施例2
一种娟姗犊牛开食料，按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料80％、糖蜜豆皮10％、苜蓿草粉10％。
所述颗粒料按照重量份包括：玉米35份、麦麸15份、豆粕25份、DDGS 15份、食盐1份、矿物质0.5份、预混料2份、过瘤胃脂肪0.2份、过瘤胃氨基酸0.1份、尿酶抑制剂0.2份、糖萜素1份、β(1，3)-葡聚糖1份。
所述预混料由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：石粉15份、小苏打10份、氧化镁3份、磷酸氢钙2份、抗氧化剂0.2份、复合维生素3份、矿物质添加剂2份。
糖蜜豆皮颗粒：由糖蜜和豆皮组成。营养成分分析值：干物质90.02％，粗蛋白8.31％，粗脂肪2.11％，粗纤维34.84％，无氮浸出物40.42％，粗灰分4.35％，钙0.65％，磷0.14％，总能16.833MJ/kg。产地为广西防城。
苜蓿草粉：干物质94.42％，粗蛋白16.55％，粗脂肪3.50％，粗纤维23.84％，无氮浸出物39.76％，粗灰分10.78％，钙1.89％，磷0.20％，总能16.341MJ/kg。美国进口。
所述复合维生素包含以下成分：维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B12、烟酰胺、D-泛酸钙和叶酸。
所述矿物质添加剂包含以下成分：硫酸铜、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锌、硫酸锰、碘化钾、亚硒酸钠和硫酸钴。所述尿酶抑制剂为醋羟胺酸。
实施例3
一种娟姗犊牛开食料，按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料70％、糖蜜豆皮10％、苜蓿草粉20％。
所述颗粒料按照重量份包括：玉米35份、麦麸15份、豆粕25份、DDGS 15份、食盐1份、矿物质0.5份、预混料2份、过瘤胃脂肪0.2份、过瘤胃氨基酸0.1份、尿酶抑制剂0.2份、糖萜素1份、β(1，3)-葡聚糖1份。
所述预混料由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：石粉15份、小苏打10份、氧化镁3份、磷酸氢钙2份、抗氧化剂0.2份、复合维生素3份、矿物质添加剂2份。
糖蜜豆皮颗粒：由糖蜜和豆皮组成。营养成分分析值：干物质90.02％，粗蛋白8.31％，粗脂肪2.11％，粗纤维34.84％，无氮浸出物40.42％，粗灰分4.35％，钙0.65％，磷0.14％，总能16.833MJ/kg。产地为广西防城。
苜蓿草粉：干物质94.42％，粗蛋白16.55％，粗脂肪3.50％，粗纤维23.84％，无氮浸出物39.76％，粗灰分10.78％，钙1.89％，磷0.20％，总能16.341MJ/kg。美国进口。
所述复合维生素包含以下成分：维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B12、烟酰胺、D-泛酸钙和叶酸。
所述矿物质添加剂包含以下成分：硫酸铜、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锌、硫酸锰、碘化钾、亚硒酸钠和硫酸钴。所述尿酶抑制剂为醋羟胺酸。
实验验证：
1材料
1.1试验动物
10日龄健康娟姗犊牛75头，广西南宁市奶牛场提供。
2方法
2.1试验设计
于2018年3—11月份在广西南宁市奶牛场选择10日龄健康娟姗犊牛75头，随机分成5组，每组15头，采用下表1的方法进行喂养。
表1实验例及喂养方法
2.2饲养管理
试验犊牛饲养管理相同，10日龄调教采食开食料，每日人工哺乳2次，喂开食料2次，随着犊牛月龄的增长逐渐减少喂奶量而增加开食料饲喂量，90日龄断奶时日喂料到2.5kg为止，哺乳期哺乳量约330kg。
2.3测定项目及方法
试验期间观测犊牛腹泻、感冒、发烧等发病头次，发病率指发病头次与试验期饲养犊牛头次的百分比。在犊牛60日龄和90日龄分别测定体重，计算日增重。犊牛断奶后连续7d测定各组的日采食量，包括犊牛开食料重量和以新鲜象草为主的草料重量的总和。日平均采食量＝采食总量/7d；犊牛平均日采食量＝试验组日平均采食量/15头。
2.4数据的分析：【试验采用电子计算器计算数据的平方和与自由度，采用最小显著极差法(LSR法)进行多重比较】
3结果与分析
试验期间各组犊牛生长发育良好，皮毛柔顺光亮，四肢健壮灵活，其中实验例1发病1头次(腹泻)，实验例2发病1头次(感冒)，实验3发病1头次(腹泻)，对比例2头次(腹泻)。见表2。
表2娟姗犊牛生长发育情况
| 实验例 | 实验例1 | 实验例2 | 实验例3 | 实验例4 | 对比例 |
| 犊牛初生重/kg | 24.78±1.48 | 24.44±2.55 | 24.89±1.96 | 24.65±2.48 | 24.34±2.18 |
| 哺乳期发病率/％ | 7 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 13 |
| 60日龄个体重/kg | 55.44±4.59 | 55.00±5.52 | 56.89±4.40 | 58.28±3.80 | 54.21±3.25 |
| 0～60日增重/kg | 0.51±0.08 | 0.51±0.07 | 0.53±0.06 | 0.56±0.07 | 0.49±0.06 |
| 90日龄个体重/kg | 75.11±3.33 | 75.11±5.69 | 79.11±4.26 | 83.12±5.29 | 73.89±3.52 |
| 0～90日增重/kg | 0.57±0.04 | 0.56±0.04 | 0.60±0.03 | 0.65±0.04 | 0.55±0.03 |
| 个体采食量/kg | 7.75±0.57 | 8.63±0.64 | 8.33±0.46 | 8.85±0.58 | 7.10±0.50 |
注：经统计学分析，组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。
从实验例1-4、对比例和表2可以看出，本发明制备的开食料可有效地促进犊牛生长，促进增重，降低发病率，降低断奶应激的对犊牛的不良影响。尤其采用逐级调整的日粮结构，能够使犊牛更好的适应，降低抗应激能力，从而促进增重和降低发病率。
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明，但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围，凡本发明所提示的技术构思下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更，均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种娟姗犊牛开食料，其特征在于，按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料70～90％、糖蜜豆皮5～20％、苜蓿草粉0～20％；
所述颗粒料按照重量份包括：玉米30～40份、麦麸10～20份、豆粕20～30份、DDGS 10～20份、食盐0.5～2份、矿物质0.1～1份、预混料1～3份、过瘤胃脂肪0.1～0.3份、过瘤胃氨基酸0.05～0.3份、尿酶抑制剂0.1～0.5份、糖萜素0.5～2份、β(1，3)-葡聚糖0.5～2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的娟姗犊牛开食料,其特征在于，所述预混料由以下重量份数的原料制备而成：石粉10～20份、小苏打5～15份、氧化镁1～5份、磷酸氢钙1～3份、抗氧化剂0.05～0.3份、复合维生素1～5份、矿物质添加剂1～5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的娟姗犊牛开食料,其特征在于，所述苜蓿草粉营养成分：干物质≥90％，粗蛋白≥15％，粗脂肪≥3％，粗纤维≥20％，无氮浸出物≥35％，粗灰分≤12％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的娟姗犊牛开食料,其特征在于，所述糖蜜豆皮由糖蜜和豆皮组成；营养成分：干物质≥90％，粗蛋白≥8％，粗脂肪≥2％，粗纤维≥30％，无氮浸出物≥38％，粗灰分≤6％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的娟姗犊牛开食料,其特征在于，所述复合维生素包含以下成分：维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B12、烟酰胺、D-泛酸钙和叶酸。
6.根据权利要求1所述的娟姗犊牛开食料,其特征在于，所述矿物质添加剂包含以下成分：硫酸铜、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锌、硫酸锰、碘化钾、亚硒酸钠和硫酸钴。
7.根据权利要求1所述的娟姗犊牛开食料,其特征在于，所述尿酶抑制剂为醋羟胺酸。
8.根据任一权利要求1-8所述的娟姗犊牛开食料的饲喂方法,其特征在于，10日龄调教采食开食料，每日人工哺乳2次，喂开食料2次，随着犊牛月龄的增长逐渐减少喂奶量而增加开食料饲喂量，90日龄断奶时日喂料到2～3kg为止。
9.根据任一权利要求1-8所述的娟姗犊牛开食料的饲喂方法,其特征在于，10-30日龄，喂食的开食料按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料90％、糖蜜豆皮10％；30-60日龄，喂食的开食料按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料80％、糖蜜豆皮10％、苜蓿草粉10％；60-90日龄，喂食的开食料按照质量百分比包括：颗粒料70％、糖蜜豆皮10％、苜蓿草粉20％。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010117817.2A CN111149932A (zh) | 2020-02-25 | 2020-02-25 | 一种娟姗犊牛开食料及其饲喂方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010117817.2A CN111149932A (zh) | 2020-02-25 | 2020-02-25 | 一种娟姗犊牛开食料及其饲喂方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111149932A true CN111149932A (zh) | 2020-05-15 |
Family
ID=70566451
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010117817.2A Pending CN111149932A (zh) | 2020-02-25 | 2020-02-25 | 一种娟姗犊牛开食料及其饲喂方法 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111149932A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112674217A (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-20 | 伊宁县泰昆饲料有限责任公司 | 用于制备阿勒泰育肥公羊预防尿结石的预混料及制备方法 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106615723A (zh) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-05-10 | 谷实农牧集团股份有限公司 | 一种降低犊牛断奶应激、提高日增重的犊牛开食料 |
-
2020
- 2020-02-25 CN CN202010117817.2A patent/CN111149932A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106615723A (zh) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-05-10 | 谷实农牧集团股份有限公司 | 一种降低犊牛断奶应激、提高日增重的犊牛开食料 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 周怿等: "酵母β-葡聚糖对早期断奶犊牛生产性能和血液生理生化指标的影响", 《中国畜牧杂志》 * |
| 詹勇等: "新型饲料添加剂──糖萜素", 《中国禽业导刊》 * |
| 黄香等: "不同结构性开食料对哺乳期娟姗犊牛生长发育的影响", 《黑龙江畜牧兽医》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112674217A (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-20 | 伊宁县泰昆饲料有限责任公司 | 用于制备阿勒泰育肥公羊预防尿结石的预混料及制备方法 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Erickson et al. | Nutrition and feeding of dairy cattle | |
| CN104431614B (zh) | 一种无抗仔猪教槽料及其用途 | |
| CN106819385B (zh) | 一种哺乳母猪浓缩饲料 | |
| Sarwar et al. | Nutritional management for buffalo production | |
| CN107467381A (zh) | 生产优质滩羊肉的饲料及育肥方法 | |
| Pasha | Prospect of nutrition and feeding for sustainable buffalo production. | |
| CN107183372B (zh) | 一种用于肉用犊牛断奶的代乳料 | |
| Gaafar et al. | Effect of zinc methionine supplementation on productive performance of lactating Friesian cows | |
| CN111034674A (zh) | 一种放牧条件下藏羔羊提前断奶的营养饲料集及藏羔羊提前断奶的方法 | |
| CN106889327A (zh) | 一种乳猪奶粉及其制备方法 | |
| Kırkpınar et al. | Feeding | |
| CN111149766B (zh) | 一种娟姗奶牛高效养殖方法 | |
| CN105901363B (zh) | 一种快速生长型仔猪后期预混合饲料及其饲喂方法 | |
| CN111149932A (zh) | 一种娟姗犊牛开食料及其饲喂方法 | |
| Zeedan et al. | Nutritional, physiological and microbiological studies on using Biogen-Zinc on productive and reproductive performance of ruminants. 2-Productive performance, digestion and some blood components of Damascus goats. | |
| CN104247890A (zh) | 10-30kg民猪生长育肥猪专用饲料及制备方法 | |
| Gajera et al. | Effect of rumen protected Lysine, Methionine and fat on nutrients utilization in growing Jaffrabadi heifers | |
| Ghoniem et al. | Effect of Supplementation Dry Yeast or Bentonite and their Combination as Feed Additives on Productive Performance of Lactating Buffalos. | |
| CN108719198B (zh) | 一种母貉模式化饲喂方法 | |
| Purwar | Effect of protected fat, yeast, niacin, zinc and chromium supplementation on the productive performance of heat-stressed Karan Fries heifers | |
| CN113768055A (zh) | 一种降低仔猪腹泻率的低排环保型预混合饲料及其配合饲料和制备方法 | |
| Xu et al. | The Status of the Forage Utilization Industry in China | |
| CN112602848A (zh) | 一种保育猪饲料及其制备方法和应用 | |
| Abdel-Azeem et al. | Body weight response, milk production and lipid peroxidation of rabbit does to multi-nutrient block supplementation during summer conditions | |
| Barman et al. | Effect of feeding cotton seed cake (CSC) on growth performance and blood biochemical profile in Mehsana buffalo calves |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200515 |