CN111215934B

CN111215934B - Clamping device and clamping method

Info

Publication number: CN111215934B
Application number: CN202010106689.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蹇根; 李刚俊; 李波; 李旭勤
Original assignee: Chengdu Lizhong Cnc Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Lizhong Cnc Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-21
Filing date: 2020-02-21
Publication date: 2022-01-28
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-21
Also published as: CN111215934A

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a clamping device and a clamping method. The sliding block is connected with the sliding way in a transition fit mode. The driving device is connected with one end of the sliding block, so that the sliding block can slide in the sliding way under the driving of the driving device. The other end of the slider is provided with a first inclined part. The interchangeable clamping head is detachably mounted on the first inclined portion, so that the driving force of the driving device can be decomposed into two-directional clamping forces by the slider and acts on the clamped object through the interchangeable clamping head. The clamping device and the clamping method provided by the embodiment of the invention can reduce the number of clamping devices by 50% in the original clamping scheme, can centralize the processing technical scheme, can complete the contents of a plurality of processing procedures by clamping once, and effectively reduce the number of devices required in processing, thereby reducing the processing cost.

Description

Clamping device and clamping method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tool fixtures, in particular to a clamping device and a clamping method.

Background

In some machining processes, it is necessary to clamp the workpiece in two directions. In the face of such a situation, it is often necessary to install clamping devices in two directions to ensure that the two directions both have clamping forces, which not only increases the cost of the processing equipment, but also is not beneficial to the integration of the processing technology.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, one aspect of the present invention provides a clamp that provides clamping force in two directions simultaneously.

The clamping device of the invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical scheme:

a gripper may include a drive, a slide, a slider, and a replaceable gripping head.

The sliding block is connected with the sliding way in a transition fit mode. The driving device is connected with one end of the sliding block, so that the sliding block can slide in the sliding way under the driving of the driving device. And, a first inclined portion is provided at the other end of the slider. The interchangeable clamping head is detachably mounted on the first inclined portion, so that the driving force of the driving device can be decomposed into two-directional clamping forces by the slider and acts on the clamped object through the interchangeable clamping head.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a second inclined section which is matched to the first inclined section is provided on the interchangeable clamping head. And a clamping groove is arranged on the first inclined part, and a clamping strip is arranged on the second inclined part. The clamping strip is clamped in the clamping groove.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slider and the replaceable clamping head are further connected by an elastic member.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first mounting hole is provided on the first inclined portion of the slider. A second mounting hole is provided in the second inclined portion of the replaceable clamping head. And one part of the elastic piece is positioned in the first mounting hole and is connected with the sliding block through a threaded connection structure. The other part of the elastic piece is positioned in the second mounting hole and is connected with the replaceable clamping head through a threaded connecting piece.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gripper further comprises a pocket and a guard. The box body is provided with a square groove with an opening at one side. The guard plate is mounted on the cassette body in such a manner as to cover the opening, so that the slide is formed between the square groove and the guard plate.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a mounting cavity is provided in the body in communication with the slide. The driving device is installed in the installation cavity.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slider includes a slider portion and the first inclined portion. The sliding block part is connected with the slide way in a transition fit mode. The driving device is connected with one end of the sliding block part, so that the sliding block part can slide in the slide way under the driving of the driving device. The first inclined portion is provided at the other end of the slider portion, and the first inclined portion is formed with a stopper portion projecting in the circumferential direction.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a stopper is further provided below the first inclined portion, so that the first inclined portion can slide on a plane defined by the stopper.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gripper further comprises a protective cover. The protective cover is sleeved outside the joint of the slide rail and the slide block so as to prevent scrap iron from entering the clamp to cause clamping stagnation.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the drive is a hydraulic drive, a pneumatic drive or an electric drive.

Another aspect of the invention provides a method of clamping.

The clamping method comprises the following steps:

providing a driving device;

providing a sliding chute;

providing a slide block with a first inclined part at the front end;

the sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove in a transition fit mode and is connected with the driving device, so that the driving force of the driving device can drive the sliding block to slide along the sliding groove;

providing a clamping head with a second inclined part matched with the first inclined part at the rear end;

detachably mounting the clamping head on the slide with the first and second inclined portions in mating alignment;

aligning the clamping head to the object to be clamped, starting the driving device, enabling the sliding block to slide along the sliding groove, resolving the driving force of the driving device into two-direction clamping force at the first inclined part, and acting the two-direction clamping force on the object to be clamped through the clamping head to clamp the object to be clamped from two directions simultaneously.

Compared with the prior art, the clamping device and the clamping method provided by the embodiment of the invention have the following beneficial effects:

the clamping device of the embodiment of the invention connects the sliding block and the slideway in a transition fit manner; the driving device is connected with one end of the sliding block, so that the sliding block can slide in the slideway under the driving of the driving device; the other end of the slide block is provided with a first inclined part; the interchangeable clamping head is detachably mounted on the first inclined portion, so that the driving force of the driving device can be decomposed into two-directional clamping forces by the slide block and acts on the clamped object through the interchangeable clamping head. Therefore, the clamp provided by the embodiment of the invention can reduce the number of clamping devices by 50% in the original clamping scheme, can centralize the processing technical scheme, realizes the completion of a plurality of processing procedures by one-time clamping, effectively processes and reduces the number of devices required in processing, thereby reducing the cost of processing equipment and processing process.

Additional features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows. Additional features of some aspects of the invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following description and accompanying drawings or may be learned by the manufacture or operation of the embodiments. The features of the present disclosure may be realized and attained by practice or use of various methods, instrumentalities and combinations of the specific embodiments described below.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements. Wherein,

FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic views showing the overall structure of the clamper according to some embodiments of the present invention;

figures 3, 4 are exploded views of the gripper according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pocket in the gripper according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic structural views of a slider in the clamper according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic views of replaceable clamping heads in the clamping device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a protective cover in a binding clasp, according to some embodiments of the invention.

List of reference numerals

100-drive device

200-slide

300-sliding block

310-first inclined part

311-card slot

312-first mounting hole

320-slider part

330-limiting part

400-replaceable clamping head

410-second inclined part

411-card strip

412-second mounting hole

413-clamping surface

500-elastic member

600-box

610-square groove

620-installation cavity

700-guard board

800-limiting block

900-protective cover

910-U type groove

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that if the terms "first", "second", etc. are used in the description and claims of the present invention and in the accompanying drawings, they are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances in order to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the invention herein. Furthermore, if the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

In the present invention, if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. are referred to, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.

Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.

In addition, in the present invention, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," "connected," "sleeved," and the like should be construed broadly if they are referred to. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

One aspect of an embodiment of the present invention discloses a gripper.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the clamper may include a driving device 100, a slide 200, a slider 300, and a replaceable clamping head 400.

Wherein, the slider 300 is connected with the slideway 200 in a transition fit manner. The driving device 100 is connected to one end of the slider 300 such that the slider 300 can slide in the slide 200 by the driving of the driving device 100. The other end of the slider 300 is provided with a first inclined portion 310. The interchangeable clamping head 400 is detachably mounted on the first inclined portion 310, so that the driving force of the driving device 100 can be decomposed into two-directional clamping forces by the slider 300 and act on the clamped object through the interchangeable clamping head 400.

Further, the clamping device further includes a box body 600 and a guard plate 700. The cartridge 600 is provided with a square groove 610 having one side opened. The protector plate 700 is mounted on the cartridge body 600 in such a manner as to cover the opening, so that the slide 200 is formed between the square groove 610 and the protector plate 700. A mounting cavity 620 communicated with the slide 200 is further provided in the cartridge body 600. The driving device 100 is installed in the installation cavity 620.

Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 5, the cartridge 600 may have a rectangular box structure. A square groove 610 is formed in the front section of the cartridge 600 by cutting a part of the side wall. The cover plate 700 is fixed at the position of the cut-away partial side wall by a screw, bolt, or pin, so that the slide 200 is formed between the square groove and the cover plate 700. By designing the above structure, it is possible to facilitate the installation of the slider 300 into the chute 200. The mounting cavity 620 is disposed at a rear end of the cartridge 600 and communicates with the slide 200 through a duct, and the driving unit 100 is fixed in the mounting cavity 620 and connected to the slider 300 through a duct. Specifically, the driving device 100 may be contacted or connected with the sliding block 300 through a transmission member passing through the hole, so as to complete the transmission of the driving force.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the driving device 100 is a hydraulic driving device; for example, the driving device 100 may be a general hydraulic cylinder or a single-acting type hydraulic cylinder. In other embodiments, the driving device 100 may also be a pneumatic driving device or an electric driving device; for example, the driving device 100 may be an electric telescopic cylinder or a pneumatic telescopic cylinder.

For example, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the slider 300 may include a slider portion 320 and a first inclined portion 310.

Wherein the slider portion 320 is connected with the slide 200 in a transition fit manner. The driving device 100 is connected to one end of the slider portion 320 such that the slider portion 320 can slide in the slide 200 by the driving of the driving device 100. The dimensions of the slider portion 320 are slightly larger than those of the slide channel 200, so that a transition fit is formed between the slider portion 320 and the slide channel 200 and the slider portion 320 can slide in the slide channel 200 under the drive of the drive device 100. During assembly, the sliding block part 320 is clamped in the square groove 610, the protection plate 700 is covered at the lower end and is fixed on the square groove 610 through connecting pieces such as screws, bolts or pins, and therefore transition fit is formed between the sliding block part 320 and the sliding rail 200, and the sliding block part 320 can slide in the sliding rail 200 under the driving of the driving device 100. Further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the first inclined portion 310 is provided at the other end of the slider portion 320, and the first inclined portion 310 is formed with a stopper portion 330 protruding in the circumferential direction. By forming the stopper 330 on the first inclined part 310, the maximum position of the slider 300 when retreating can be defined, and the slider 300 can be prevented from being excessively contracted.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the replaceable clamping head 400 is provided with a second inclined portion 410 corresponding to the first inclined portion 310. The first inclined portion 310 is provided with a locking groove 311, and the second inclined portion 410 is provided with a locking bar 411. The locking bar 411 is locked in the locking slot 311, so as to lock the replaceable clamping head 400 to the slider 300, and prevent the replaceable clamping head 400 from rotating when being stressed. In addition, connection holes are further provided in the replaceable clamp head 400 and the first inclined portion 310, and the replaceable clamp head 400 may be connected to the first inclined portion 310 by a connection member such as a screw, a bolt, or a pin and the connection holes. The clamping surface 413 of the replaceable clamping head 400 may be a vertical surface or an inclined surface having the same inclination angle as the first inclined portion 310. In the present embodiment, the clamping surface 413 is a vertical surface, and the anti-slip structure is disposed on the clamping surface 413. By adopting the detachable connection mode between the replaceable clamping head 400 and the sliding block 300, different replaceable clamping heads can be conveniently replaced according to different clamping requirements.

In addition, a stopper 800 is further provided below the first inclined portion 310 so that the first inclined portion 310 can slide on a plane defined by the stopper 800. For example, the limiting block 800 may be fixed to the front portion of the opening side of the square groove 610 by a screw, a bolt, a pin, or other connecting member, such that the front portion of the lower end of the first inclined portion 310 and the lower end of the replaceable clamping head 400 overlap the limiting block 800 in the mounted state, so that the replaceable clamping head 400 is not deviated downward by a downward force, and thus may keep moving horizontally.

Further, an elastic member 500 is connected between the slider 300 and the replaceable clamping head 400. Specifically, the first inclined portion 310 of the slider 300 is provided with a first mounting hole 312. A second mounting hole 412 is provided in the second inclined portion 410 of the interchangeable clamping head 400. A portion of the elastic member 500 is positioned in the first mounting hole 312 and is coupled to the slider 300 by a screw coupling structure. Another portion of the resilient member 500 is located in the second mounting hole 412 and is connected to the replaceable clamping head 400 by a threaded connection. For example, the elastic member 500 may be a spring, a leaf spring, or other elastic body (e.g., rubber elastic body, silicone elastic body, plastic elastic body, etc.). In the present embodiment, the elastic member 500 is a return spring. By providing a return spring between the slider 300 and the replaceable clamping head 400, the return spring is compressed when the clamper is in the compressed state, and when the clamper is released, the slider 300 and the replaceable clamping head 400 can be restored to their original positions by the elastic force of the return spring.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-4, the gripper further comprises a protective cap 900. The protective cover 900 is sleeved outside the joint of the slide way 200 and the slide block 300 to prevent foreign matters such as scrap iron from entering and causing clamping stagnation of the clamping device. Specifically, as shown in fig. 10, the protective cover 900 has a U-shaped structure, in which a U-shaped groove 910 is formed. In the installed state, the rear section of the U-shaped groove 910 in the protection cover 900 is engaged with the case 600, and the front section covers the limiting portion 330, so that foreign materials such as iron chips can be prevented from entering and causing clamping stagnation of the clamping device.

The working process of the clamping device provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:

during clamping, the driving device 100 starts to operate, and the driving slider 300 moves outwards in the sliding channel 200 in the horizontal direction, so that the first inclined portion 310 moves outwards, and the replaceable clamping head 400 is further driven to move outwards. Due to the inclined first inclined portion 310 of the slider 300, when the driving force of the driving device 100 is transmitted to the first inclined portion 310 through the slider 300, the driving force is decomposed into two directions of clamping force, namely a horizontal direction (an X direction shown in fig. 1) and a vertical direction (a Y direction shown in fig. 1), and acts on the clamped part through the replaceable clamping head 400, so that the two directions are simultaneously stressed when the part is clamped.

After the machining is completed, the driving device 100 may move in the reverse direction to drive the sliding block 300 to move inward in the horizontal direction in the sliding way 200, so that the first inclined portion 310 moves inward, and further, the replaceable clamping head 400 is driven to move inward until being reset. Alternatively, the elastic member 500 disposed between the slider 300 and the interchangeable clamping head 400 is compressed during clamping, and the driving device 100 stops operating when the slider 300 and the interchangeable clamping head 400 are released, so that the slider 300 and the interchangeable clamping head 400 complete their restoration under the elastic force of the elastic member 500.

In the clamping device of the embodiment of the invention, the box body 600 is internally provided with the driving device 100, and is connected with the guard plate 700 and is attached to the four sides of the sliding block part 320 in the sliding block 300 to form transition fit, so that the rigidity required when the clamping force is transmitted is ensured; meanwhile, the driving device 100 provides a horizontal thrust to push the slider 300 in the horizontal direction, and the slider 300 and the replaceable clamping head 400 relatively move at an inclined angle to split the thrust into two clamping forces: lateral clamping force (shown in an X direction in fig. 1) and pull-down clamping force (shown in a Y direction in fig. 1) ensure that the two directions are stressed simultaneously when the part is clamped, so that a clamping device is reduced, the integration of a machining process is facilitated, and the machining requirements of completing multiple surfaces and multiple processes by one-time clamping are met; in addition, the elastic element 500 can reset the replaceable clamping head when the clamping device is released; in addition, the protective cover 900 can effectively prevent iron chips from entering and prevent the iron chips from clamping the clamping device.

Another aspect of an embodiment of the invention discloses a clamping method.

The clamping method comprises the following steps:

providing a driving device;

providing a sliding chute;

providing a slide block with a first inclined part at the front end;

detachably mounting the clamping head on the sliding block, and enabling the first inclined part and the second inclined part to be matched and aligned;

the clamping head is aligned with the object to be clamped, the driving device is started, the sliding block slides along the sliding groove, the driving force of the driving device is decomposed into two-direction clamping force in the first inclined part, the two-direction clamping force is applied to the object to be clamped through the clamping head, and the object to be clamped is clamped from two directions simultaneously.

The clamping method of the embodiment of the invention can clamp the object to be clamped from two directions simultaneously, so that the two directions are stressed simultaneously when the part is clamped, thereby reducing the clamping device, being beneficial to the integration of the processing technology and realizing the processing requirement of completing multiple surfaces and multiple processes by one-time clamping.

It should be noted that all of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.

In addition, the above-described embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art, having benefit of this disclosure, will appreciate numerous solutions that are within the scope of the disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and figures are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gripper, characterized in that it comprises a drive (100), a slideway (200), a slider (300) and a replaceable gripping head (400);

the sliding block (300) is connected with the slide way (200) in a transition fit manner; the driving device (100) is connected with one end of the sliding block (300) so that the sliding block (300) can slide in the sliding way (200) under the driving of the driving device (100);

a first inclined part (310) is arranged at the other end of the slide block (300); a second inclined part (410) which is matched with the first inclined part (310) is arranged on the replaceable clamping head (400); the second inclined part (410) of the replaceable clamping head (400) is detachably mounted on the first inclined part (310), and a limiting block (800) is further arranged below the first inclined part (310); in an installation state, the front part of the lower end of the first inclined part (310) and the lower end of the replaceable clamping head (400) are overlapped on the limiting block (800); the clamping surface (413) of the replaceable clamping head (400) is a vertical surface;

the sliding block (300) and the replaceable clamping head (400) are connected through an elastic piece (500);

a first mounting hole (312) is formed in the first inclined part (310) of the sliding block (300); a second mounting hole (412) is arranged on the second inclined part (410) of the replaceable clamping head (400);

a part of the elastic member (500) is positioned in the first mounting hole (312) and connected with the sliding block (300) through a threaded connection structure; another part of the elastic element (500) is positioned in the second mounting hole (412) and is connected with the replaceable clamping head (400) through a threaded connection.

2. The clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that a catch groove (311) is provided on the first inclined portion (310) and a catch strip (411) is provided on the second inclined portion (410); the clamping strip (411) is clamped in the clamping groove (311).

3. The clamp of claim 1, further comprising a pocket (600) and a guard (700);

a square groove (610) with one side opened is arranged on the box body (600); the protector plate (700) is mounted on the cartridge (600) in such a manner as to cover the opening, so that the slide (200) is formed between the square groove (610) and the protector plate (700).

4. A gripper as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that a mounting cavity (620) communicating with said slide (200) is provided in said box (600); the driving device (100) is installed in the installation cavity (620).

5. The clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the slider (300) comprises a slider portion (320) and the first inclined portion (310);

the sliding block part (320) is connected with the slide way (200) in a transition fit manner; the driving device (100) is connected with one end of the sliding block part (320), so that the sliding block part (320) can slide in the sliding way (200) under the driving of the driving device (100);

the first inclined part (310) is provided at the other end of the slider part (320), and the first inclined part (310) is formed with a stopper part (330) protruding in the circumferential direction.

6. The clamp of claim 1, further comprising a protective cover (900);

the protective cover (900) is sleeved outside the joint of the slide way (200) and the slide block (300).

7. A clamping method, characterized in that the clamping method comprises:

providing a driving device;

providing a sliding chute;

providing a slide block with a first inclined part at the front end;