Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a mounting structure and a mounting method of a wall insulation board, wherein the mounting structure adopts components such as an L-shaped adapter, a T-shaped guide rail and a T-shaped fixing piece, all the components are prefabricated and formed, processing is not needed on site, the mounting process of the insulation board is greatly simplified, the operation is convenient and fast, the construction period is saved, the adaptability to a wall body in the mounting process is good, the flatness of the insulation board after mounting is high, the safety is good, and the engineering cost is saved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a mounting structure of a wall insulation board, which comprises an L-shaped adaptor, a T-shaped guide rail, a T-shaped fixing piece and an insulation board, wherein the L-shaped adaptor comprises a plane and a vertical surface which are vertical to each other;
the facade of the L-shaped adapter is tightly attached to and fixed on a wall body, the plane is perpendicular to the wall body, the plane of the L-shaped adapter is clamped by the groove in the T-shaped guide rail, two wings of the T-shaped guide rail are parallel to the wall body, the main body of the T-shaped guide rail is fixedly connected with the plane of the L-shaped adapter, a leveling layer is arranged on the wall body, the insulation board is installed on the outer side of the leveling layer, the main body of the T-shaped fixing part is inserted into the clamping groove of the T-shaped guide rail, and the two wings of the T-shaped fixing part are clamped in the groove.
According to the invention, the main framework for installing the heat insulation board is formed by the positions and the connection relation of the L-shaped adaptor, the T-shaped guide rail and the T-shaped fixing piece, each installation component is prefabricated and formed, the field assembly is simple and convenient, the structural stability is good, the structural matching degree of the installation component and the heat insulation board is high, the installation of the heat insulation board is greatly facilitated, the surface layer of the heat insulation board is not required to be mechanically connected with the installation component, the preparation is simple, the safety of the system can be ensured, the positions of the heat insulation board and the installation component can be flexibly adjusted in the installation process, the influence of the wall structure is small, and the flatness of the heat insulation board after installation. In addition, the invention saves the working procedures of large-surface gluing and the like through the design of the mounting assembly, is convenient to mount and can save the engineering cost.
The following technical solutions are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but not limited to the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and technical objects and advantageous effects of the present invention can be better achieved and achieved by the following technical solutions.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the plane and/or the vertical surface of the L-shaped adapter is provided with a hole.
Preferably, holes are formed in the plane and the vertical face of the L-shaped adapter, and the holes are formed in the central lines of the respective faces.
Preferably, the hole on the L-shaped adapter is a long hole, and the length direction of the long hole is perpendicular to the intersecting line of the plane and the vertical plane.
Preferably, the L-shaped adaptor is fixed on the wall body through an expansion bolt, and the expansion bolt penetrates through a hole in the vertical surface of the L-shaped adaptor.
In the invention, the L-shaped adaptor comprises a plane and a vertical face which are vertical to each other, wherein the vertical face is defined as the face fixed with the wall body during installation, and the plane is the face vertical to the wall body.
In the invention, the hole on the L-shaped adapter is arranged on the central line, and the purpose is mainly that the components can be stressed uniformly, so that the safety of the system is ensured; the expansion bolt used in the invention is pre-punched at the corresponding position of the wall body when being installed.
The position of the L-shaped adapter can be adjusted according to actual requirements during installation, a reinforcing steel bar detector is used for detecting whether reinforcing steel bars are embedded in the interior of the wall body part where the L-shaped adapter is installed before installation, and if the reinforcing steel bars exist, the L-shaped adapter can be subjected to left and right fine adjustment at a preset position to avoid the reinforcing steel bars; if the L-shaped adapter is required to be adjusted up and down, the L-shaped adapter can be moved up and down along the vertical plane long hole for fine adjustment before the expansion bolt is not screwed down until the final installation position is determined, and then the expansion bolt is screwed down for fixation.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the width of the grooves on the two wings of the T-shaped guide rail is not less than the width of the plane of the L-shaped adapter.
Preferably, the width of the grooves on the two wings of the T-shaped guide rail is greater than the width of the plane of the L-shaped adapter, so that the grooves on the two wings of the T-shaped guide rail can clamp the plane of the L-shaped adapter, the L-shaped adapter can support the T-shaped guide rail, and the safety of the system is higher.
Preferably, a clamping groove is formed in one end, far away from the two wings, of the T-shaped guide rail main body.
Preferably, the T-shaped guide rail is connected with the L-shaped adapter through self-tapping screws, and the self-tapping screws penetrate through holes in the main body of the T-shaped guide rail and the plane of the L-shaped adapter.
According to the invention, the position of the T-shaped guide rail on the L-shaped adapter, namely the distance between the T-shaped guide rail and the wall body can be adjusted so as to adapt to the unevenness of the wall body, the self-tapping screw can be pre-screwed, the self-tapping screw can flexibly move in a long hole on the L-shaped adapter when the position needs to be adjusted, and the self-tapping screw is completely screwed after the final fixed position is determined; the T-shaped guide rail and the L-shaped adapter are both prefabricated and formed and can be directly used during installation.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the shape of the main body part of the T-shaped fixing piece is matched with the structure of the clamping groove on the T-shaped guide rail.
Preferably, two wings of the T-shaped fixing piece are provided with gaskets.
According to the invention, the two wings of the T-shaped fixing piece are provided with the gaskets, the main body part is inserted into the clamping grooves of the T-shaped guide rails, and the two wings clamp two adjacent insulation boards, and simultaneously, the gaskets can seal the board seams of the insulation boards, so that the waterproof performance is improved, the subsequent procedure of applying sealant to the board seams can be omitted, the construction period is shortened, and the cost is saved.
Preferably, the two wings of the T-shaped fixing piece are used for clamping grooves at the edges of the surface layers of the upper insulation board and the lower insulation board respectively and are transversely arranged T-shaped fixing pieces.
Preferably, the T-shaped fixing pieces which are longitudinally arranged are installed at the left and right adjacent insulation board seams.
Preferably, when the T-shaped fixing member is longitudinally arranged, both end portions of the two wings in the length direction are removed.
In the invention, when the T-shaped fixing piece is longitudinally arranged, two wing parts at the upper end and the lower end of the T-shaped fixing piece are removed to facilitate the connection and fixation of the T-shaped fixing piece and the T-shaped guide rails at the upper position and the lower position, so that the wing parts can be clamped into the joint of the two transverse T-shaped guide rails to play a role in auxiliary fixation of the heat insulation plate.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the heat-insulating plate comprises a surface layer, a heat-insulating layer and a bottom layer, and bonding layers are arranged between the surface layer and the heat-insulating layer and/or between the heat-insulating layer and the bottom layer.
Preferably, the shape of the groove formed in the surface layer of the heat-insulation plate is matched with the shape of two wings of the T-shaped fixing piece.
According to the invention, the structural composition and the material of the insulation board have no great influence on the installation of the insulation board, and the insulation board is mainly provided with the grooves on the edges of the surface layer, so that the insulation board is matched with the two wings of the T-shaped fixing piece, and the on-site installation is convenient and reliable.
Specifically, the heat insulation board usually comprises three main components, namely a surface layer, a heat insulation layer and a bottom layer, and may further comprise other auxiliary layers, wherein the surface layer is made of different materials, the edge groove retaining mode of the board is different during manufacturing, grooves can be cut at the edges of two ends of the board when the surface layer is made of an inorganic material board, and the edges of two ends of the metal board can be directly prefabricated into an L shape when the surface layer is made of a metal board; the heat-insulating layer can be made of organic or inorganic heat-insulating materials, the bottom layer can be made of cement products or inorganic fiber materials, the heat-insulating layer, the surface layer and the bottom layer are compounded into a whole through bonding layers, the bonding layers can be adhesives or rigid foam polyurethane, preferably rigid foam polyurethane, and the rigid foam polyurethane has excellent bonding performance.
Heated board when preparation at the contact one side thin one deck polyurethane of spouting of heat preservation and surface course, bottom, rigid foam polyurethane links into a whole with surface course, bottom after abundant foaming, the heated board is stable good behind the upper wall, can effectively avoid the surface course to bulge, surface course and heat preservation layering, the scheduling problem that drops.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the thickness of the leveling layer at least covers two wings of the T-shaped guide rail.
According to the invention, after the leveling layer is leveled, the two wings of the whole T-shaped guide rail are completely covered by the cement mortar leveling layer, after the leveling layer is cured, the T-shaped guide rail and the cement mortar are integrated, the connection between the T-shaped guide rail and the wall body is changed from point stress to surface stress, and the safety of the system is greatly improved.
Preferably, a waterproof coating layer is arranged between the leveling layer and the wall body.
According to the invention, a waterproof coating layer is firstly arranged on the wall body, and the waterproof coating layer can be a polymer cement waterproof coating. The polymer cement waterproof coating is coated or sprayed on the wall body, so that the structural defect of the base layer wall body can be overcome, the microcracks of the base layer are sealed, the moisture in the cement mortar leveling layer for subsequent construction is prevented from being absorbed by the base layer wall body too fast, the leveling layer is easy to crack, and meanwhile, the polymer cement waterproof coating is a cement-based material and is compatible with the wall material, so that the bonding strength of the leveling layer and the base layer can be enhanced.
Preferably, an adhesive layer is further arranged between the leveling layer and the heat insulation plate.
According to the invention, the adhesive layer is arranged, so that the bonding strength between the insulation board and the leveling layer can be effectively enhanced, the adhesion stability of the insulation board is enhanced, and the insulation board is not easy to fall off.
On the other hand, the invention provides an installation method of the wall insulation board, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the vertical surface of the L-shaped adapter is attached to a wall body and fixed, then grooves arranged on two wings of the T-shaped guide rail are used for clamping the plane of the L-shaped adapter, the L-shaped adapter is fixedly connected with the T-shaped guide rail, and then the subsequent L-shaped adapter and the subsequent T-shaped guide rail are installed according to a set distance;
(2) coating or spraying a leveling layer on the wall, covering at least two wings of the T-shaped guide rail by the thickness of the leveling layer after the leveling layer is scraped, and sticking the heat-insulation board on the outer side of the leveling layer after the leveling layer is cured;
(3) and (3) clamping the groove on the surface layer edge of the heat insulation board in the step (2) by using one wing of the T-shaped fixing piece, inserting the main body of the T-shaped fixing piece into the clamping groove of the T-shaped guide rail, fixing another adjacent heat insulation board by using the other wing of the T-shaped fixing piece, and sequentially completing the installation of the wall heat insulation boards according to the mode.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the L-shaped adaptor in the step (1) is fixed on the wall by an expansion bolt penetrating through a hole arranged on the vertical surface of the L-shaped adaptor.
Preferably, after the grooves arranged on the two wings of the T-shaped guide rail clamp the plane of the L-shaped adapter, the two wings of the T-shaped guide rail are parallel to the wall.
Preferably, the T-shaped guide rail is fixedly connected with the L-shaped adapter by a tapping screw, and the tapping screw penetrates through a main body of the T-shaped guide rail and a hole on the plane of the L-shaped adapter.
Preferably, before the operation of step (1), the vertical control line and the horizontal control line are popped up on the wall.
According to the invention, after the first T-shaped guide rail is installed, the subsequent T-shaped guide rails can be installed by using the elastic control line according to the same method, or in another mode, a temporary connecting piece is adopted, after the first T-shaped guide rail is installed, one end of the temporary connecting piece is clamped on the first T-shaped guide rail, the position of the other end of the temporary connecting piece is the fixed position of the next T-shaped guide rail and the L-shaped adapter, the next T-shaped guide rail is installed according to the method, and then the temporary connecting piece is taken out. By adopting the mode, the fixed positions of the T-shaped guide rail and the L-shaped adapter can be accurately positioned, the operation is simple and convenient, and the influence caused by field measurement errors is reduced.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, after the leveling layer in the step (2) is coated or sprayed, a scraper is adopted to scrape the leveling layer.
Preferably, the scraper adopts a special scraper, and the width of the special scraper is not more than the distance between two adjacent T-shaped guide rails; furthermore, the width of the special scraper is slightly smaller than the distance between two adjacent T-shaped guide rails.
Preferably, the leveling layer is a cement mortar leveling layer.
In the invention, after cement mortar is coated or sprayed, the handrail at the upper part of the special scraper is erected on the two T-shaped guide rails, and then the special scraper is directly scraped, so that the cement mortar leveling layer can be quickly screeded.
Preferably, before the leveling layer is coated or sprayed, a waterproof coating layer is coated or sprayed on the wall.
Preferably, the waterproof coating layer is a polymer cement waterproof coating layer.
Preferably, before the heat-insulating plate is adhered, an adhesive layer is coated on the bottom surface of the heat-insulating plate, and then one side of the bottom surface is adhered to the outer side of the leveling layer and leveled.
In the invention, the adhesive layer on the bottom surface of the insulation board can be coated by adopting a scraper, and is lightly knocked by a rubber hammer and properly leveled in the process of being stuck to the leveling layer.
And (3) after the T-shaped fixing piece is inserted into the clamping groove of the T-shaped guide rail, adopting self-tapping screws to fixedly connect the T-shaped fixing piece and the T-shaped guide rail.
In the invention, after the insulation board is adhered, a specific installation method for installing the T-shaped fixing piece comprises the following steps: one insulation board is adhered to a wall body, one of two wings of the T-shaped fixing piece is used for clamping the edge of the insulation board immediately, then the main body part of the T-shaped fixing piece is inserted into a clamping groove of the T-shaped guide rail, and at the moment, the other wing of the two wings of the T-shaped fixing piece is in a suspended state and used for fixing the insulation board above; after the insulation board below is pasted and fixed, the board above is only required to be fully scraped with an adhesive layer on the back surface of the board, and then the edge of the board is aligned to the other suspended wing in the two wings of the T-shaped fixing piece to be inserted, pasted and leveled, so that the whole construction process is convenient to operate.
In the invention, the fixing form of the T-shaped fixing piece and the T-shaped guide rail can adopt a point type or a line type. When the fixing device is fixed in a linear mode, the T-shaped fixing piece is of a through long structure, the connection between the heat insulation plate and the T-shaped guide rail can be converted into linear stress through point stress, and the system safety is higher.
Preferably, after the insulation boards are installed, the board seams of the adjacent insulation boards can be sealed by smearing sealant or arranging gaskets on two wings of the T-shaped fixing piece.
According to the invention, the sealant is injected into the plate seams of the adjacent insulation plates, so that the sealing effect can be achieved; and select to set up the gasket on T type mounting both wings, T type mounting establishes to logical long structure this moment, and when T type mounting inserted the draw-in groove of T type guide rail, the gasket that its both wings set up has also sealed the board seam between the adjacent heated board to promote waterproof performance, also can save the process of follow-up board seam sealing glue, save time limit for a project and cost.
Preferably, a longitudinal T-shaped fixing piece can be further arranged between the left and right adjacent heat insulation boards, two end parts of two wings of the longitudinal T-shaped fixing piece in the length direction are removed, and the two wings are respectively clamped into the joint of two transversely arranged T-shaped guide rails.
According to the invention, the longitudinal T-shaped fixing piece is arranged to play a role in auxiliary fixing of the heat insulation plate, and the transverse T-shaped fixing piece is used for fixing, so that the safety of the system is more reliable; the two wings of the T-shaped fixing part are provided with gaskets, so that after the transverse and longitudinal T-shaped fixing parts are installed, the process of large-area sealant application is omitted for transverse seams and vertical seams between the heat preservation plates, and the T-shaped fixing parts can be sealed only at crossed positions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the mounting structure combines and connects the components such as the L-shaped adapter, the T-shaped guide rail, the T-shaped fixing piece and the like to form a main framework for mounting the heat-insulating plate, and each component and the heat-insulating plate can be prefabricated and formed without processing on site, so that the heat-insulating plate is convenient to mount, and the mounting process of the heat-insulating plate is simplified;
(2) the installation method is less influenced by the wall structure, the adaptability to the wall is good, and the flatness of the heat insulation board is high after the heat insulation board is installed;
(3) the mounting structure of the invention mutually matches components such as an L-shaped adapter, a T-shaped guide rail, a T-shaped fixing piece and the like, and the insulation board is fixed on a wall body safely and reliably;
(4) the installation method is simple, convenient and quick, the construction period is saved, large-side gluing and sealing treatment on the board seam is not needed after the gaskets arranged on the two wings of the T-shaped fixing piece are installed, and the cost is saved.