CN111205871A - Multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111205871A CN111205871A CN202010159412.5A CN202010159412A CN111205871A CN 111205871 A CN111205871 A CN 111205871A CN 202010159412 A CN202010159412 A CN 202010159412A CN 111205871 A CN111205871 A CN 111205871A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner and a processing method thereof, wherein the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner is formed by mixing 1 part by weight of calcined fly ash clinker and 0.3-0.5 part by weight of coal gangue; under high-temperature roasting, the silicate glass network structure of the fly ash and the coal gangue is directly destroyed and reconstructed, network polymers are converted into oligomers, the particles of the fly ash and the coal gangue after calcination become porous and fluffy, and the oligomers form hydrophilic active groups through hydration modification, so that the oligomers have water absorption capacity and chelating capacity, and can enhance the water holding capacity of soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil; when the soil environment is rich in water, the oligomer has water absorption capacity and is kept in a stable state; when the environment is in a poor water state, the single bond force among the active groups still keeps the affinity state, and only when the root system of the crop needs to absorb water, the adsorption force of the root system is greater than the single bond force, and the oligomer releases the water needed by the crop.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil water retention, in particular to a multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water retention conditioner and a processing method thereof.
Background
China has a vast territory and large difference of climate conditions in different regions. Agricultural production is becoming increasingly challenging in areas with less natural precipitation. In order to ensure the crop yield and quality in arid areas, a soil water-retention conditioner is adopted to absorb and retain water in many areas, so that a certain effect is achieved.
The soil water-retaining conditioner adopted in the prior art is an organic high-molecular polymer with a unique three-dimensional net structure, and the polymer can rapidly absorb and retain rainwater or irrigation water in soil without loss, so that sufficient water in the rhizosphere range is ensured, and the water is slowly released for plants to utilize. The special water absorbing, storing and retaining performances of the soil water retaining conditioner play a role in determining success or failure in improving ecological environment and wind prevention and sand fixation engineering.
However, the organic high molecular polymer adopted in the prior art has adverse effects on soil, and is too high in cost, so that the organic high molecular polymer is not beneficial to popularization in poor areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multisource coal-based solid waste soil water retention conditioner, and the technical problems to be solved at least comprise how to enhance the soil water retention capacity and improve the soil physicochemical property while reducing the cost.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water retention conditioner, which is formed by mixing 1 part by weight of calcined fly ash clinker and 0.3-0.5 part by weight of coal gangue; under high-temperature roasting, the silicate glass network structure of the fly ash and the coal gangue is directly destroyed and reconstructed, network polymers are converted into oligomers, the particles of the fly ash and the coal gangue after calcination become porous and fluffy, and the oligomers form hydrophilic active groups through hydration modification, so that the oligomers have water absorption capacity and chelating capacity, and can enhance the water holding capacity of soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil; when the soil environment is rich in water, the oligomer has water absorption capacity and is kept in a stable state; when the environment is in a poor water state, the single bond force among the active groups still keeps the affinity state, and only when the root system of the crop needs to absorb water, the adsorption force of the root system is greater than the single bond force, and the oligomer releases the water needed by the crop.
The high-temperature roasting is to place the calcined fly ash clinker and the coal gangue in a closed environment for roasting for 2 to 4 hours at the temperature of more than 1100 ℃.
Preferably, the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner also comprises plant fibers ground into fluff, after the high-temperature roasting of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is completed, the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is cooled to room temperature, then the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is uniformly mixed with the plant fibers ground into the fluff, and the weight part ratio of the fly ash calcined clinker to the plant fibers is 4:1 to 1: 1.
The plant fiber is natural fiber of stems, leaves or roots of crushed wood fiber, bamboo fiber, annual herbaceous plants or perennial herbaceous plants.
Further preferably, the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner also comprises calcium oxide, and the ratio of the calcined fly ash clinker to the calcium oxide in parts by weight is 6:1 to 2: 1.
Preferably, the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue, which is subjected to high-temperature calcination and cooled to room temperature, is uniformly mixed with the plant fiber and the calcium oxide which are ground into fluff to obtain a raw material mixture, and then water is sprayed to the raw material mixture through a spray nozzle, so that the total moisture content of the raw material mixture reaches 25% -30%; then feeding the raw material mixture with the standard total moisture content into a pellet extrusion device, and extruding the raw material mixture into pellets by the pellet extrusion device under the pressure of more than 2500 MPa; finally, the pellets are dewatered in a drying apparatus to reduce the moisture content of the pellets to less than 10%.
The surface area of the pellets is 110mm2To 210mm2And a length of between 5mm and 15 mm.
The invention also provides a processing method of the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing 1 part by weight of fly ash calcined clinker and 0.3-0.5 part by weight of coal gangue to form an intermediate mixture;
secondly, roasting the intermediate mixture at high temperature to generate direct damage and reconstruction effects on silicate glass network structures of the fly ash and the coal gangue, converting network polymers into oligomers, wherein the calcined fly ash and coal gangue particles are porous and fluffy, and the oligomers form hydrophilic active groups through hydration modification effects, so that the oligomers have water absorption capacity and chelating capacity, can enhance the water holding capacity of the soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil; when the soil environment is rich in water, the oligomer has water absorption capacity and is kept in a stable state; when the environment is in a poor water state, the single bond force among the active groups still keeps the affinity state, and only when the root system of the crop needs to absorb water, the adsorption force of the root system is greater than the single bond force, and the oligomer releases the water needed by the crop.
Preferably, the processing method of the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner further comprises the following steps:
after the high-temperature roasting of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is finished, cooling the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue to room temperature, and then uniformly mixing the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue with plant fibers and calcium oxide which are ground into fluff by using grinding equipment to obtain a raw material mixture, wherein the weight part ratio of the fly ash calcined clinker to the plant fibers is 4:1 to 1: 1; the weight ratio of the calcined fly ash clinker to the calcium oxide is 6: 1-2: 1;
then spraying water to the raw material mixture through a spray head to ensure that the total moisture content of the raw material mixture reaches 25-30%; then feeding the raw material mixture with the standard total moisture content into a pellet extrusion device, and extruding the raw material mixture into pellets by the pellet extrusion device under the pressure of more than 2500 MPa; finally dehydrating said pellets in a drying apparatus to reduce the moisture content of said pellets to less than 10%; the surface area of the pellets is 110mm2To 210mm2And a length of between 5mm and 15 mm.
One of the keys of the processing method for successfully finishing the raw material mixture is whether the total moisture content of the raw material mixture reaches the standard or not, the oligomer can not realize the hydration modification effect due to too little moisture, and the raw material mixture can be changed into slurry and can not be extruded into granules due to too much moisture.
In order to ensure that the total moisture content of the raw meal mixture reaches the standard, a plurality of humidity sensors are arranged in the raw meal mixture and used for detecting the total moisture content of the raw meal mixture; the spray head is provided with a control valve for controlling the on-off of the spray head; the control valve and the humidity sensor are electrically connected with the controller; the plurality of humidity sensors are used for detecting the total moisture content of the raw material mixture and transmitting the detection result to the controller, and when the total moisture content value detected by any one of the humidity sensors is more than 30%, the controller immediately sends a control signal to the control valve on the spray head to control the control valve to be closed immediately; when the total moisture content value detected by any one of the humidity sensors is less than 25%, the control valve is controlled to be opened immediately.
The controller still is connected with the power, the controller passes through power supply circuit and is connected with the power, power supply circuit includes:
a ninth resistor, a first end of which is connected with the positive electrode of the controller power supply, a second end of which is connected with one end of an eighth resistor, and the other end of the eighth resistor is grounded;
a tenth resistor, a first end of which is connected with the positive electrode of the controller power supply;
a reference electrode of the voltage stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the second end of the ninth resistor, a cathode of the voltage stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the second end of the tenth resistor, and an anode of the voltage stabilizing integrated chip is grounded;
one end of the eleventh resistor is connected with the second end of the tenth resistor, and the other end of the eleventh resistor is grounded;
the negative input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the second end of the tenth resistor;
one end of the twelfth resistor is connected with the positive input end of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the twelfth resistor is grounded;
one end of the sixth resistor is connected with the positive input end of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with the power supply positive electrode of the controller;
one end of the third capacitor is connected with the positive input end of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the power supply end of the second operational amplifier;
the base electrode of the transistor is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, and the emitting electrode of the transistor is grounded;
the input end of the third voltage-stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the collector of the transistor, and the reference voltage end of the third voltage-stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply of the controller;
the input end of the second integrated chip is connected with the output end of the third voltage-stabilizing integrated chip;
one end of the fifth capacitor is connected with the input end of the second integrated chip, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is grounded;
the cathode of the third diode is connected with the output end of the second integrated chip;
one end of the inductor is connected with the output end of the second integrated chip;
and one end of the fuse link is connected with the other end of the inductor, and the other end of the fuse link is connected with a power supply end of the controller.
Preferably, the third voltage stabilization integrated chip is integrated with a current conversion circuit, and the current conversion circuit is used for converting the current of the controller power supply into a proper current for the controller to use.
A plurality of humidity sensor passes through conditioning circuit connection director respectively, conditioning circuit includes:
a cathode of the second diode is connected with the humidity sensor;
one end of the first resistor is connected with a first power supply, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the anode of the second diode;
a first end of the second resistor is connected with the anode of the second diode;
the cathode of the first diode is connected with the second end of the second resistor, and the anode of the first diode is grounded;
one end of the third resistor is connected with the second end of the second resistor;
the negative input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the other end of the third resistor, and the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the controller;
one end of the second capacitor is connected with the negative input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the positive input end of the first operational amplifier;
one end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the second end of the second resistor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded;
one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the positive input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded;
one end of the fourth resistor is connected with the first power supply, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the positive input end of the first operational amplifier;
one end of the seventh resistor is connected with the positive input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the seventh resistor is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier;
and one end of the first capacitor is connected with a first power supply, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water retention conditioner has direct damage and reconstruction effects on the silicate glass network structures of the fly ash and the coal gangue through high-temperature roasting, network polymers are converted into oligomers, particles of the fly ash and the coal gangue after calcination become porous and fluffy, the adsorption performance of the fly ash and the coal gangue is improved, and the oligomers form a large number of hydrophilic active groups through hydration modification, so that the oligomers have strong water absorption capacity and chelating capacity, the water retention capacity of soil can be rapidly improved and enhanced, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be improved. When the soil environment is rich in water, the oligomer has water absorption capacity and is kept in a stable state; when the environment is in a poor water state, the single bond force among the active groups still keeps the affinity state, and only when the root system of the crop needs to absorb water, the adsorption force of the root system is greater than the single bond force, and the oligomer releases the water needed by the crop.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a processing method of a multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the controller of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in more detail below to facilitate an understanding of the present invention.
As shown in figures 1 to 2, the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water retention conditioner is formed by mixing 1 part by weight of calcined fly ash clinker and 0.3 to 0.5 part by weight of coal gangue; under the high-temperature roasting, the silicate glass network structure of the fly ash and the coal gangue is directly destroyed and reconstructed, the network polymer is converted into oligomer, the particles of the fly ash and the coal gangue after the calcination become porous and fluffy, the adsorption performance of the fly ash and the coal gangue is improved, and the oligomer forms a large amount of hydrophilic active groups through hydration modification, so that the oligomer has strong water absorption capacity and chelating capacity, the soil water retention capacity can be rapidly improved and enhanced, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be improved. When the soil environment is rich in water, the oligomer has water absorption capacity and is kept in a stable state; when the environment is in a poor water state, the single bond force among the active groups still keeps the affinity state, and only when the root system of the crop needs to absorb water, the adsorption force of the root system is greater than the single bond force, and the oligomer releases the water needed by the crop.
The high-temperature roasting is to place the calcined fly ash clinker and the coal gangue in a closed environment for roasting for 2 to 4 hours at the temperature of more than 1100 ℃.
Preferably, the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner also comprises plant fibers ground into fluff, after the high-temperature roasting of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is completed, the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is cooled to room temperature, then the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is uniformly mixed with the plant fibers ground into the fluff, and the weight part ratio of the fly ash calcined clinker to the plant fibers is 4:1 to 1: 1.
The plant fiber is natural fiber of stems, leaves or roots of crushed wood fiber, bamboo fiber, annual herbaceous plants or perennial herbaceous plants.
Further preferably, the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner also comprises calcium oxide, and the ratio of the calcined fly ash clinker to the calcium oxide in parts by weight is 6:1 to 2: 1.
Preferably, the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue, which is subjected to high-temperature calcination and cooled to room temperature, is uniformly mixed with the plant fiber and the calcium oxide which are ground into fluff to obtain a raw material mixture, and then water is sprayed to the raw material mixture through a spray nozzle, so that the total moisture content of the raw material mixture reaches 25% -30%; then feeding the raw material mixture with the standard total moisture content into a pellet extrusion device, and extruding the raw material mixture into pellets by the pellet extrusion device under the pressure of more than 2500 MPa; finally, the pellets are dewatered in a drying apparatus to reduce the moisture content of the pellets to less than 10%.
The surface area of the pellets is 110mm2To 210mm2And a length of between 5mm and 15 mm.
The invention also provides a processing method of the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing 1 part by weight of fly ash calcined clinker and 0.3-0.5 part by weight of coal gangue to form an intermediate mixture;
secondly, the intermediate mixture is roasted at high temperature, so that the silicate glass network structure of the fly ash and the coal gangue is directly destroyed and reconstructed, the network polymer is converted into oligomer, the particles of the fly ash and the coal gangue after being calcined become porous and fluffy, the adsorption performance of the fly ash and the coal gangue is improved, and the oligomer forms a large number of hydrophilic active groups through hydration modification, so that the oligomer has strong water absorption capacity and chelating capacity, and can quickly improve and enhance the water holding capacity of soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil. When the soil environment is rich in water, the oligomer has water absorption capacity and is kept in a stable state; when the environment is in a poor water state, the single bond force among the active groups still keeps the affinity state, and only when the root system of the crop needs to absorb water, the adsorption force of the root system is greater than the single bond force, and the oligomer releases the water needed by the crop.
Preferably, the processing method of the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner further comprises the following steps:
after the high-temperature roasting of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is finished, cooling the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue to room temperature, and then uniformly mixing the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue with plant fibers and calcium oxide which are ground into fluff by using grinding equipment to obtain a raw material mixture, wherein the weight part ratio of the fly ash calcined clinker to the plant fibers is 4:1 to 1: 1; the weight ratio of the calcined fly ash clinker to the calcium oxide is 6: 1-2: 1;
then spraying water to the raw material mixture through a spray head to ensure that the total moisture content of the raw material mixture reaches 25-30%; then feeding the raw material mixture with the standard total moisture content into a pellet extrusion device, and extruding the raw material mixture into pellets by the pellet extrusion device under the pressure of more than 2500 MPa; finally dehydrating said pellets in a drying apparatus to reduce the moisture content of said pellets to less than 10%; the surface area of the pellets is 110mm2To 210mm2And a length of between 5mm and 15 mm.
One of the keys of the processing method for successfully finishing the raw material mixture is whether the total moisture content of the raw material mixture reaches the standard or not, the oligomer can not realize the hydration modification effect due to too little moisture, and the raw material mixture can be changed into slurry and can not be extruded into granules due to too much moisture.
In order to ensure that the total moisture content of the raw meal mixture reaches the standard, a plurality of humidity sensors are arranged in the raw meal mixture and used for detecting the total moisture content of the raw meal mixture; the spray head is provided with a control valve for controlling the on-off of the spray head; the control valve and the humidity sensor are electrically connected with the controller; the plurality of humidity sensors are used for detecting the total moisture content of the raw material mixture and transmitting the detection result to the controller, and when the total moisture content value detected by any one of the humidity sensors is more than 30%, the controller immediately sends a control signal to the control valve on the spray head to control the control valve to be closed immediately; when the total moisture content value detected by any one of the humidity sensors is less than 25%, the control valve is controlled to be opened immediately.
The controller is also connected with the power supply, the controller passes through power supply circuit and is connected with the power supply, as shown in fig. 2, power supply circuit includes:
a ninth resistor R9, a first end of which is connected to the positive electrode of the controller power supply, a second end of which is connected to one end of an eighth resistor R8, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is grounded;
a tenth resistor R10, a first end of which is connected to the controller power supply positive electrode;
a reference electrode of the voltage stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the second end of the ninth resistor R9, a cathode of the voltage stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the second end of the tenth resistor R10, and an anode of the voltage stabilizing integrated chip is grounded;
an eleventh resistor R11, one end of which is connected to the second end of the tenth resistor R10, and the other end of which is grounded;
a negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 connected to the second terminal of the tenth resistor R10;
a twelfth resistor R12, one end of which is connected to the positive input end of the second operational amplifier U2, and the other end of which is grounded;
a sixth resistor R6, one end of which is connected to the positive input end of the second operational amplifier U2, and the other end of which is connected to the positive electrode of the controller power supply;
a third capacitor C3, one end of which is connected to the positive input end of the second operational amplifier U2, and the other end of which is connected to the power supply end of the second operational amplifier U2;
a base electrode of the transistor Q is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier U2, and an emitting electrode of the transistor Q is grounded;
the input end of the third voltage-stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the collector of the transistor Q, and the reference voltage end of the third voltage-stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply of the controller; preferably, the third voltage stabilization integrated chip may be integrated with a current conversion circuit, and convert the current to a suitable current for the controller to use.
The input end of the second integrated chip U4 is connected with the output end of the third voltage-stabilizing integrated chip U5;
a fifth capacitor C5, one end of which is connected to the input terminal of the second integrated chip U4, and the other end of which is grounded;
a cathode of the third diode D3 is connected with the output end of the second integrated chip U4;
an inductor L, wherein one end of the inductor L is connected with the output end of the second integrated chip U4;
one end of the fuse link F is connected with the other end of the inductor L, and the other end of the fuse link F is connected with a power supply end of the controller;
humidity transducer passes through conditioning circuit connection director respectively, conditioning circuit includes:
a second diode D2, a cathode of which is connected to the humidity sensor;
a first resistor R1, one end of which is connected to the first power source V1 and the other end of which is connected to the anode of the second diode D2;
a second resistor R2, a first end of which is connected to the anode of the second diode D2;
a first diode D1, the cathode of which is connected to the second end of the second resistor R2, and the anode of which is grounded;
a third resistor R3, one end of the third resistor being connected to the second end of the second resistor R2;
the negative input end of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with the other end of the third resistor R3, and the output end of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with the controller;
a second capacitor C2, one end of which is connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, and the other end of which is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1;
a fourth capacitor C4, one end of which is connected to the second end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of which is grounded;
a fifth resistor R5, one end of which is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, and the other end of which is grounded;
a fourth resistor R4, one end of which is connected to the first power supply V1, and the other end of which is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1;
a seventh resistor R7, one end of which is connected to the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, and the other end of which is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1;
and a first capacitor C1, one end of which is connected to the first power supply V1, and the other end of which is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1.
In the power supply circuit, the voltage stabilization function is realized through U3, U4, U5 and D3, low-frequency filtering and high-frequency filtering are realized through C5, C3 and C4, overvoltage protection is realized through U3 and R8-13, and overcurrent protection is realized through L, F. The conditioning circuit realizes filtering and denoising through C1, C2 and C4, and realizes signal amplification and hysteresis comparison through U1, thereby ensuring reliable signal transmission.
The foregoing describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the invention thereto. Modifications and variations of the embodiments disclosed herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water retention conditioner is characterized by being formed by mixing 1 part by weight of calcined fly ash clinker and 0.3-0.5 part by weight of coal gangue; under high-temperature roasting, the silicate glass network structure of the fly ash and the coal gangue is directly destroyed and reconstructed, network polymers are converted into oligomers, the particles of the fly ash and the coal gangue after calcination become porous and fluffy, and the oligomers form hydrophilic active groups through hydration modification, so that the oligomers have water absorption capacity and chelating capacity, and can enhance the water holding capacity of soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil; when the soil environment is rich in water, the oligomer has water absorption capacity and is kept in a stable state; when the environment is in a poor water state, the single bond force among the active groups still keeps the affinity state, and only when the root system of the crop needs to absorb water, the adsorption force of the root system is greater than the single bond force, and the oligomer releases the water needed by the crop.
2. The multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retention conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-temperature roasting is carried out by placing the calcined fly ash clinker and the coal gangue in a closed environment for 2-4 hours at a temperature of over 1100 ℃.
3. The multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water retention conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water retention conditioner further comprises plant fibers and calcium oxide ground into fluff, after the high-temperature roasting of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is completed, the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is cooled to room temperature, then the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is uniformly mixed with the plant fibers and the calcium oxide ground into the fluff, and the weight part ratio of the fly ash calcined clinker to the plant fibers is 4:1 to 1: 1; the weight ratio of the calcined fly ash clinker to the calcium oxide is 6: 1-2: 1.
4. According to claim 3The multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water retention conditioner is characterized in that a mixture of fly ash calcined clinker and coal gangue, which is roasted at high temperature and cooled to room temperature, is uniformly mixed with plant fibers and calcium oxide which are ground into fluff to obtain a raw material mixture, and then water is sprayed to the raw material mixture through a spray head, so that the total water content of the raw material mixture reaches 25% -30%; then feeding the raw material mixture with the standard total moisture content into a pellet extrusion device, and extruding the raw material mixture into pellets by the pellet extrusion device under the pressure of more than 2500 MPa; finally dehydrating said pellets in a drying apparatus to reduce the moisture content of said pellets to less than 10%; the surface area of the pellets is 110mm2To 210mm2And a length of between 5mm and 15 mm.
5. The processing method of the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retention conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, mixing 1 part by weight of fly ash calcined clinker and 0.3-0.5 part by weight of coal gangue to form an intermediate mixture;
secondly, roasting the intermediate mixture at high temperature to generate direct damage and reconstruction effects on silicate glass network structures of the fly ash and the coal gangue, converting network polymers into oligomers, wherein the calcined fly ash and coal gangue particles are porous and fluffy, and the oligomers form hydrophilic active groups through hydration modification effects, so that the oligomers have water absorption capacity and chelating capacity, can enhance the water holding capacity of the soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil; when the soil environment is rich in water, the oligomer has water absorption capacity and is kept in a stable state; when the environment is in a poor water state, the single bond force among the active groups still keeps the affinity state, and only when the root system of the crop needs to absorb water, the adsorption force of the root system is greater than the single bond force, and the oligomer releases the water needed by the crop.
6. The processing method of the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retention conditioner according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising the following steps:
after the high-temperature roasting of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue is finished, cooling the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue to room temperature, and then uniformly mixing the mixture of the fly ash calcined clinker and the coal gangue with plant fibers and calcium oxide which are ground into fluff by using grinding equipment to obtain a raw material mixture, wherein the weight part ratio of the fly ash calcined clinker to the plant fibers is 4:1 to 1: 1; the weight ratio of the calcined fly ash clinker to the calcium oxide is 6: 1-2: 1;
then spraying water to the raw material mixture through a spray head to ensure that the total moisture content of the raw material mixture reaches 25-30%; then feeding the raw material mixture with the standard total moisture content into a pellet extrusion device, and extruding the raw material mixture into pellets by the pellet extrusion device under the pressure of more than 2500 MPa; finally dehydrating said pellets in a drying apparatus to reduce the moisture content of said pellets to less than 10%; the surface area of the pellets is 110mm2To 210mm2And a length of between 5mm and 15 mm.
7. The method for processing the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner as claimed in claim 6, wherein a plurality of humidity sensors are provided in the raw material mixture for detecting the total moisture content of the raw material mixture; the spray head is provided with a control valve for controlling the on-off of the spray head; the control valve and the humidity sensor are electrically connected with the controller; the plurality of humidity sensors are used for detecting the total moisture content of the raw material mixture and transmitting the detection result to the controller, and when the total moisture content value detected by any one of the humidity sensors is more than 30%, the controller immediately sends a control signal to the control valve on the spray head to control the control valve to be closed immediately; when the total moisture content value detected by any one of the humidity sensors is less than 25%, the control valve is controlled to be opened immediately.
8. The processing method of the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retention conditioner according to claim 7, wherein the controller is further connected with a power supply, the controller is connected with the power supply through a power supply circuit, and the power supply circuit comprises:
a ninth resistor, a first end of which is connected with the positive electrode of the controller power supply, a second end of which is connected with one end of an eighth resistor, and the other end of the eighth resistor is grounded;
a tenth resistor, a first end of which is connected with the positive electrode of the controller power supply;
a reference electrode of the voltage stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the second end of the ninth resistor, a cathode of the voltage stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the second end of the tenth resistor, and an anode of the voltage stabilizing integrated chip is grounded;
one end of the eleventh resistor is connected with the second end of the tenth resistor, and the other end of the eleventh resistor is grounded;
the negative input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the second end of the tenth resistor;
one end of the twelfth resistor is connected with the positive input end of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the twelfth resistor is grounded;
one end of the sixth resistor is connected with the positive input end of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with the power supply positive electrode of the controller;
one end of the third capacitor is connected with the positive input end of the second operational amplifier, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the power supply end of the second operational amplifier;
the base electrode of the transistor is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, and the emitting electrode of the transistor is grounded;
the input end of the third voltage-stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the collector of the transistor, and the reference voltage end of the third voltage-stabilizing integrated chip is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply of the controller;
the input end of the second integrated chip is connected with the output end of the third voltage-stabilizing integrated chip;
one end of the fifth capacitor is connected with the input end of the second integrated chip, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is grounded;
the cathode of the third diode is connected with the output end of the second integrated chip;
one end of the inductor is connected with the output end of the second integrated chip;
and one end of the fuse link is connected with the other end of the inductor, and the other end of the fuse link is connected with a power supply end of the controller.
9. The method for processing the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner according to claim 8, wherein the third voltage stabilizing integrated chip is integrated with a current conversion circuit, and the current conversion circuit is used for converting the current of the controller power supply to a proper current for the controller to use.
10. The method for processing the multi-source coal-based solid waste soil water-retaining conditioner according to claim 8, wherein the humidity sensors are respectively connected with the controller through a conditioning circuit, and the conditioning circuit comprises:
a cathode of the second diode is connected with the humidity sensor;
one end of the first resistor is connected with a first power supply, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the anode of the second diode;
a first end of the second resistor is connected with the anode of the second diode;
the cathode of the first diode is connected with the second end of the second resistor, and the anode of the first diode is grounded;
one end of the third resistor is connected with the second end of the second resistor;
the negative input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the other end of the third resistor, and the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the controller;
one end of the second capacitor is connected with the negative input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the positive input end of the first operational amplifier;
one end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the second end of the second resistor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded;
one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the positive input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded;
one end of the fourth resistor is connected with the first power supply, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the positive input end of the first operational amplifier;
one end of the seventh resistor is connected with the positive input end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the seventh resistor is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier;
and one end of the first capacitor is connected with a first power supply, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier.
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