CN111203101B - Body fluid separation system and method for operating a body fluid separation system - Google Patents
Body fluid separation system and method for operating a body fluid separation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111203101B CN111203101B CN201911151108.XA CN201911151108A CN111203101B CN 111203101 B CN111203101 B CN 111203101B CN 201911151108 A CN201911151108 A CN 201911151108A CN 111203101 B CN111203101 B CN 111203101B
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Abstract
The invention provides a body fluid separation system, which can prevent the reverse flow of unwanted substances to a separator through a 3 rd pipeline when a 1 st pump and a 2 nd pump convey gas from a 1 st pipeline and discharge the residual liquid of the separator through a 2 nd pipeline. The body fluid separation system is provided with a 1 st pipeline (10), a 1 st pump (11), a separator (12), a 2 nd pipeline (13), a 3 rd pipeline (14), a 2 nd pump (15), a gas supply unit (16) and a control device (17), wherein when gas is supplied from the gas supply unit (16), the control device (17) controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump (11) and the 2 nd pump (15) so that the relationship between the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump (11), the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump (15), the pressure P0 at the position on the 1 st pipeline (10) on the upstream side of the 1 st pump (11) and the pressure P1 at the position on the 1 st pipeline (10) on the downstream side of the 1 st pump (11) is (P0 ÷ P1). times.Q 1 ≥ Q2.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a body fluid separation system and a method of operating a body fluid separation system.
Background
There is a body fluid separation system which performs a process of separating a predetermined component from a body fluid such as ascites, blood, or the like. For example, a body fluid separation system which performs ascites treatment performs a treatment of filtering ascites to remove causative substances and removing water from the filtered ascites. Such a body fluid separation system has a structure in which, for example, a ascites bag, a filter, a concentrator, and a concentrated ascites bag are connected in series to each other in this order in a line for transporting ascites, and ascites in the ascites bag is caused to flow to the filter and the concentrator in this order, and the resulting concentrated ascites (concentrated ascites) is collected in the concentrated ascites bag (see patent document 1).
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2013-188427
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
As the separator such as the concentrator of the body fluid separation system, a separator 500 having a hollow fiber membrane as shown in fig. 7 can be used. The separator 500 has at least an inflow port 501 into which body fluid flows, a hollow fiber membrane 502 which separates body fluid components from the body fluid flowing in from the inflow port 501, a 1 st outflow port 503 through which the body fluid having passed through the inside region of the hollow fiber membrane 502 flows out, and a 2 nd outflow port 504 through which the body fluid components having flowed out to the outside region of the hollow fiber membrane 502 flows out.
The body fluid separation system includes a 1 st line 510 connected to the inflow port 501 of the separator 500, a 1 st pump 511 provided in the 1 st line 510, a 2 nd line 512 connected to the 1 st outflow port 503, a 3 rd line 513 connected to the 2 nd outflow port 504, and a 2 nd pump 514 provided in the 2 nd line 512.
When the body fluid separation treatment is performed, the 1 st pump 511 and the 2 nd pump 514 are operated, and the body fluid is sent to the separator 500 through the 1 st line 510 and flows out from the 1 st outflow port 503 to the 2 nd line 512 through the space inside the hollow fiber membrane 502. The bodily fluid component that has flowed out into the space outside the hollow fiber membrane 502 flows out from the 2 nd outflow port 504 to the 3 rd line 513. By relatively increasing the flow rate of the 1 st pump 511 and relatively decreasing the flow rate of the 2 nd pump 514, the separation of the body fluid components flowing out to the 3 rd line 513 can be promoted.
For example, when separating water from ascites (filtered ascites) filtered in the ascites treatment described above, the filtered ascites passes through the separator 500, the water is removed by the hollow fiber membrane 502 and flows out from the 2 nd outflow port 504 to the 3 rd line 513, and the filtered ascites (which becomes concentrated ascites) from which the water is removed flows out from the 1 st outflow port 503 to the 2 nd line 512.
For example, when the ascites bag runs out of ascites and the filtration and concentration of ascites are completed, the filtered ascites and the concentrated ascites remain in the 1 st line 510, the separator 500 and the 2 nd line 512. It is desirable to recover this residual liquid to a concentrated belly bag or the like located on the downstream side of the 2 nd line 512. When the residual liquid is recovered, air is supplied from the upstream side of the 1 st line 510, and the 1 st pump 511 and the 2 nd pump 514 sequentially supply the air to the 1 st line 510, the separator 500, and the 2 nd line 512. The residual fluid is pressed out by the air and delivered to the concentrated ascites bag.
However, when only the 1 st pump 511 and the 2 nd pump 514 are operated to feed air at this time, the liquid in the 1 st line 510 and the separator 500 is replaced with a gas that is relatively easily compressed, and therefore, a negative pressure is easily generated in the separator 500. In this case, for example, there is a possibility that the external gas flows back into the separator 500 through the 3 rd line 513, and when the external gas flows back into the separator 500, there is a possibility that unnecessary substances such as bacteria and the like enter the separator 500, which is not preferable.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a body fluid separation system and a method of operating the body fluid separation system, which can prevent a reverse flow of an unnecessary substance to a separator through a 3 rd line when a gas is sent from a 1 st line by a 1 st pump and a 2 nd pump and a residual liquid of the separator is discharged through a 2 nd line.
Means for solving the problems
The present inventors have conducted extensive studies and as a result, have found that the above object can be achieved by controlling the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump so that they are in a predetermined relationship, and have completed the present invention.
That is, the present invention includes the following aspects.
(1) A body fluid separation system, wherein the body fluid separation system has: 1 st pipeline, it is used for conveying the body fluid; a 1 st pump which is provided on the 1 st line and which delivers the body fluid; a separator connected to the 1 st line, and having an inflow port into which the body fluid flows, a hollow fiber membrane for separating body fluid components from the body fluid flowing in from the inflow port, a 1 st outflow port from which the body fluid having passed through an inner region of the hollow fiber membrane flows out, and a 2 nd outflow port from which the body fluid components having flowed out to an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane flows out; a 2 nd pipeline connected with the 1 st outflow opening and used for conveying the body fluid; a 3 rd line connected to the 2 nd outflow port for transporting the body fluid component; a 2 nd pump provided on the 2 nd line for transporting the body fluid; a gas supply unit configured to supply gas to a position on an upstream side of the 1 st line from the 1 st pump; and a controller that controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump so that a relationship between a flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump, a flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump, a pressure P0 on the 1 st line at a position upstream of the 1 st pump, and a pressure P1 on the 1 st line at a position downstream of the 1 st pump is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 when the gas is supplied from the gas supply unit.
(2) The body fluid separation system according to (1), further comprising a 1 st pressure measurement device that measures a pressure P1 on the 1 st line downstream of the 1 st pump, wherein the control device controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump using a pressure P1 measured by the 1 st pressure measurement device.
(3) The body fluid separation system according to (1) or (2), further comprising a 2 nd pressure measurement device that measures a pressure P0 on the 1 st line upstream of the 1 st pump, wherein the control device controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump using a pressure P0 measured by the 2 nd pressure measurement device.
(4) The body fluid separation system according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the 2 nd line has a connection portion for connection with a body fluid recovery container.
(5) The body fluid separation system according to (4), wherein the body fluid separation system further has a weight measuring device that measures the weight of the body fluid recovery container.
(6) The body fluid separation system according to (5), wherein the control device stops the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump when a change in the weight of the body fluid collection container measured by the weight measurement device is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
(7) The body fluid separation system according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the 2 nd line has a connection portion for connecting the 2 nd line to a patient.
(8) The body fluid separation system according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the body fluid separation system further has a 1 st gas detector for detecting the presence or absence of the gas at the 2 nd line.
(9) The body fluid separation system according to (8), wherein the control device stops the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump in a case where the 1 st gas detector detects gas.
(10) The body fluid separation system according to any one of (1) to (9), further comprising a 2 nd gas detector for detecting presence or absence of gas at a position on the 1 st line upstream of the 1 st pump, wherein the control device controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump so that the relationship among the flow rate Q1, the flow rate Q2, the pressure P0, and the pressure P1 becomes (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 when the 2 nd gas detector detects gas.
(11) The body fluid separation system according to (10), wherein the control device controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump so that the relationship of the flow rate Q1, the flow rate Q2, the pressure P0 and the pressure P1 becomes (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 after a predetermined time has elapsed since the 2 nd gas detector detected gas.
(12) The body fluid separation system according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the 3 rd line is in communication with a body fluid recovery tank.
(13) The body fluid separation system according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the 3 rd line communicates with a connection portion for connection to a patient.
(14) The body fluid separation system according to any one of (1) to (13), wherein the body fluid is any one of blood, plasma, and ascites.
(15) A method of operating a body fluid separation system having: 1 st pipeline, it is used for conveying the body fluid; a 1 st pump which is provided on the 1 st line and which delivers the body fluid; a separator connected to the 1 st line, and having an inflow port into which the body fluid flows, a hollow fiber membrane for separating body fluid components from the body fluid flowing in from the inflow port, a 1 st outflow port from which the body fluid having passed through an inner region of the hollow fiber membrane flows out, and a 2 nd outflow port from which the body fluid components having flowed out to an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane flows out; a 2 nd pipeline connected with the 1 st outflow opening and used for conveying the body fluid; a 3 rd line connected to the 2 nd outflow port for transporting the body fluid component; a 2 nd pump provided on the 2 nd line for transporting the body fluid; a gas supply unit configured to supply gas to a position on an upstream side of the 1 st line from the 1 st pump; and a control device that controls flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump, wherein when gas is supplied from the gas supply unit, the control device controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump such that a relationship between a flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump, a flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump, a pressure P0 on the 1 st line at a position upstream of the 1 st pump, and a pressure P1 on the 1 st line at a position downstream of the 1 st pump is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a body fluid separation system capable of preventing the backflow of unnecessary substances to a separator through a 3 rd line when gas is sent from a 1 st line by a 1 st pump and a 2 nd pump and the residual liquid of the separator is discharged through a 2 nd line.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration of a body fluid separation system according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of an ascites treatment system according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing another configuration example of the ascites treating system according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of an ascites treatment system according to embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the plasma separation system according to embodiment 3.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the blood treatment system according to embodiment 4.
Fig. 7 is a partial explanatory view showing the configuration of the body fluid separation system.
Description of the reference numerals
1. The basic structure of a body fluid separation system; 10. a 1 st pipeline; 11. a 1 st pump; 12. a separator; 13. a 2 nd pipeline; 14. a 3 rd pipeline; 15. a 2 nd pump; 16. a gas supply unit; 17. a control device; 20. an inflow port; 21. a hollow fiber membrane; 22. a 1 st outflow opening; 23. and 2 nd flow outlet.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. The positional relationship between the upper, lower, left and right sides is not particularly limited, unless otherwise specified. The dimensional ratios in the drawings are not limited to the illustrated ratios. The following embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
< basic Structure of body fluid separation System >
First, a basic configuration of the body fluid separation system of the present embodiment will be described. As shown in fig. 1, a basic configuration 1 of the body fluid separation system includes a 1 st line 10 for transporting a body fluid, a 1 st pump 11 provided in the 1 st line 10 for transporting the body fluid, a separator 12 for separating the body fluid, a 2 nd line 13 for transporting the body fluid, a 3 rd line 14 for transporting a body fluid component, a 2 nd pump 15 provided in the 2 nd line 13 for transporting the body fluid, a gas supply unit 16 for supplying a gas to a position on the upstream side of the 1 st line 10 with respect to the 1 st pump 11, and a control device 17.
The separator 12 is connected to the 1 st line 10, and has an inflow port 20 into which body fluid flows, a hollow fiber membrane 21 for separating body fluid components from the body fluid flowing in from the inflow port 20, a 1 st outflow port 22 from which the body fluid having passed through the inside region of the hollow fiber membrane 21 flows out, and a 2 nd outflow port 23 from which the body fluid components having flowed out to the outside region of the hollow fiber membrane 21 flows out.
The controller 17 has a function of controlling the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so that the relationship between the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the 1 st line 10 at the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11, and the pressure P1 on the 1 st line 10 at the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 when gas is supplied from the gas supply unit 16. The pressure P0 and the pressure P1 mean absolute pressures unless otherwise specified.
According to the body fluid separation system having the basic configuration 1, when gas is supplied from the gas supply unit 16 and the residual liquid in the separator 12 is discharged through the 2 nd line 13, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are controlled so that the relationship between the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the 1 st line 10 at the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11, and the pressure P1 on the 1 st line 10 at the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2. As a result, even if the body fluid is replaced with gas in the 1 st line 10 and the separator 12 and the volume of the gas is compressed, the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 is maintained based on the combined gas law (pressure P × volume V is constant) (hereinafter: ボイル and シャルル, where the law means) that the volume of the body fluid discharged from the 2 nd pump 15 is equal to or smaller than the volume of the gas supplied from the 1 st pump 11. As a result, negative pressure is not generated in the separator 12, and when the residual liquid in the separator 12 is discharged through the 2 nd line 13, the reverse flow of the unnecessary substances to the separator 12 through the 3 rd line 14 can be prevented. In the present specification, the term "body fluid" is used not only for the raw fluid of the body fluid but also for a body fluid component obtained by separating a predetermined body fluid component from the raw fluid of the body fluid and a separated body fluid component. An example of a body fluid treatment system to which the basic configuration 1 of the body fluid separation system described above can be applied will be specifically described below.
< embodiment 1>
In the present embodiment, an example will be described in which the basic configuration 1 of the body fluid separation system described above is applied to an ascites treatment system. Fig. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing the configuration of an ascites treatment system 50 as a body fluid separation system according to the present embodiment.
The ascites processing system 50 includes a 1 st line 10, a 1 st pump 11, a 1 st separator 12, a 2 nd line 13, a 3 rd line 14, a 2 nd pump 15, a gas supply unit 16, a control device 17 (above, the basic configuration 1), a 4 th line 60, a 5 th line 61, a 2 nd separator 62, a 6 th line 63, a 7 th line 64, a weight measuring device 65, a 1 st pressure measuring device 66, a 1 st gas detector 67, a 2 nd gas detector 68, and the like. For example, the 1 st to 7 th pipelines 10 to 64 are pipes.
The 4 th line 60 has a connection portion 71 at an end on the upstream side for connection with the ascites bag 70. The abdominal water bag 70 can contain ascites collected from the patient. The downstream end of the 4 th line 60 is connected to an inflow port 80, described later, of the 2 nd separator 62. An on-off valve 72 is provided in the 4 th line 60.
The 2 nd separator 62 is a hollow fiber membrane module functioning as, for example, a filter. The 2 nd separator 62 has, for example, a cylindrical outer shape, and has an inflow port 80, a hollow fiber membrane 81 for separating a predetermined component from ascites flowing in from the inflow port 80, a 1 st outflow port 82 for flowing out ascites having passed through an inner region (primary side) of the hollow fiber membrane 81, a 2 nd outflow port 83 for flowing out a predetermined component (filtered ascites) of ascites flowing out to an outer region (secondary side) of the hollow fiber membrane 81, and an air inflow port 84 for flowing in air as a gas to an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane 81.
When ascites passes from the inner region to the outer region, the hollow fiber membrane 81 can remove a predetermined causative substance such as bacteria and cancer cells in the ascites and pass a predetermined useful component such as albumin.
The upstream end of the 5 th line 61 is connected to the 1 st outflow port 82 of the 2 nd separator 62. The downstream end of the 5 th line 61 is connected to a waste liquid portion, not shown, for example. An on-off valve 73 is provided in the 5 th line 61.
An end of the 6 th line 63 is connected to the air stream inlet 84 of the 2 nd separator 62. The other end of the 6 th line 63 is open to the atmosphere, and constitutes the gas supply unit 16. In order to prevent unwanted substances such as bacteria from being mixed in, an air filter (not shown) may be disposed in the 6 th pipe 63. An on-off valve 90 is provided in the 6 th line 63.
The upstream end of the 1 st line 10 is connected to the 2 nd outflow port 83. The downstream end of the 1 st line 10 is connected to the inflow port 20 of the 1 st separator 12. The 1 st pump 11 is provided in the 1 st line 10. The 1 st pump 11 is, for example, a tube pump that presses a tube to pump a liquid in the tube. The 1 st pump 11 may be a centrifugal pump or the like in addition to a tube pump, and is not particularly limited as long as it can pump a fluid.
A 1 st pressure measuring device 66 is connected to the 1 st line 10 downstream of the 1 st pump 11. The 1 st pressure measuring device 66 can measure the pressure on the 1 st line 10 at a position downstream of the 1 st pump 11. The 1 st pressure measuring device 66 may measure the pressure by means of the drip chamber 100 or the like.
The 2 nd gas detector 68 is provided on the 1 st line 10 at a position upstream of the 1 st pump 11. An on-off valve 101 is provided on the 1 st line 10 upstream of the 1 st pump 11.
The 1 st separator 12 is a hollow fiber membrane module that functions as, for example, a concentrator. The 1 st separator 12 has, for example, a cylindrical outer shape, and has an inflow port 20, a hollow fiber membrane 21 for separating a predetermined component from the filtered ascites flowing in from the inflow port 20, a 1 st outflow port 22 for flowing out the filtered ascites (which becomes concentrated ascites) passing through the inside region of the hollow fiber membrane 21, and a 2 nd outflow port 23 for flowing out the predetermined component (moisture) flowing out to the outside region of the hollow fiber membrane 21.
When the filtered ascites passes through the inner region, the hollow fiber membrane 21 can concentrate the filtered ascites by allowing the water in the filtered ascites to flow out to the outer region and separating the water.
The upstream end of the 3 rd line 14 is connected to the 2 nd outflow port 23. The downstream end of the 3 rd line 14 is connected to a waste liquid portion, not shown, for example.
The upstream end of the 2 nd line 13 is connected to the 1 st outflow port 22. A 2 nd pump 15 is provided in the 2 nd line 13. The 2 nd pump 15 is, for example, a tube pump that presses a tube to pump a liquid in the tube. The 2 nd pump 15 is not particularly limited as long as it can pump a fluid under pressure, and may use a centrifugal pump or the like in addition to a tube pump.
The 1 st gas detector 67 is provided on the 2 nd line 13 at a position downstream of the 2 nd pump 15.
The 2 nd line 13 has a connection portion 111 at the downstream end for connection to a concentrate abdominal water bag 110 as a body fluid recovery container. The concentrated ascites bag 110 can contain a predetermined amount of concentrated ascites.
Line 7 connects concentrate belly bag 110 to line 1, line 10. The 7 th line 64 is connected to the 1 st line 10 at a position upstream of the 1 st pump 11 and downstream of the 2 nd gas detector 68 and the on-off valve 101. An on-off valve 112 is provided in the 7 th line 64.
The weight measuring device 65 can measure the weight of the enriched belly bag 110.
The control device 17 is a microcomputer having, for example, a CPU, a memory, and the like. The controller 17 can control the operations of the 1 st pump 11, the 2 nd pump 15, the opening/closing valve 72, the opening/closing valve 73, the opening/closing valve 90, the opening/closing valve 101, the opening/closing valve 112, the 1 st gas detector 67, the 2 nd gas detector 68, the 1 st pressure measuring device 66, the weight measuring device 65, and the like to perform ascites treatment. The control device 17 can execute a program stored in advance in a memory, for example, to perform ascites treatment.
Specifically, when air is supplied from the gas supply unit 16, the controller 17 controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so that the relationship between the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the 1 st line 10 at the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11, and the pressure P1 on the 1 st line 10 at the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1Q 2. This control is performed by executing a program stored in a memory in advance of the control device 17, for example.
Next, ascites treatment using the ascites treatment system 50 will be described.
First, the abdominal water bag 70 containing ascites collected from the patient is connected to the connection portion 71 of the 4 th line 60. The concentrate belly bag 110 is connected to the connection 111 of the 2 nd line 13. Then, the filtration and concentration treatment of ascites are started. The 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are operated with the on-off valve 72 and the on-off valve 101 open and the on-off valve 73, the on-off valve 90, and the on-off valve 112 closed. In addition, the 1 st pressure measuring device 66, the 1 st gas detector 67, the 2 nd gas detector 68, and the weight measuring device 65 are operated. At this time, the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are controlled so that the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11 is larger than the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15.
The ascites fluid of the ascites bag 70 is delivered to the 2 nd separator 62 via the 4 th line 60. Ascites flows into the region inside the hollow fiber membranes 81 from the inflow port 80 of the 2 nd separator 62, and a part of the components of the ascites passes through the hollow fiber membranes 81 and flows out to the region outside the hollow fiber membranes 81. At this time, the predetermined causative substance is removed from the ascites, and the ascites is filtered. The filtered ascites that has flowed out to the region outside the hollow fiber membranes 81 is sent to the 1 st separator 12 via the 1 st line 10, and flows into the region inside the hollow fiber membranes 21 from the inflow port 20 of the 1 st separator 12. Here, due to the flow rate difference between the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15, for example, a part of the water filtered from the ascites passes through the hollow fiber membranes 21 and flows out to the outside region of the hollow fiber membranes 21. Thereby, water is removed from the filtrated ascites, and the filtrated ascites is concentrated. The concentrated ascites concentrated in the 1 st separator 12 is stored in the concentrated ascites bag 110 through the 2 nd line 13. When a predetermined amount of concentrated ascites is accumulated in the concentrated ascites bag 110 or the accumulated amount of the concentrated ascites bag 110 reaches the maximum accumulated amount, the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are stopped, and the filtration and concentration treatment is finished.
Subsequently, for example, a re-concentration treatment is performed. For example, from the state of the filtration/concentration process, the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are operated by closing the on-off valve 101 and opening the on-off valve 112. Thus, the concentrated ascites in the concentrated ascites bag 110 is returned to the 1 st line 10 through the 7 th line 64, and returned to the concentrated ascites bag 110 through the 1 st separator 12 and the 2 nd line 13, and circulated. Thus, the concentrated ascites is re-concentrated to produce concentrated ascites of a desired concentration. After a predetermined time has elapsed, the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are stopped, and the re-concentration process is ended.
Subsequently, for example, the filtered ascites and the concentrated ascites remaining in the 1 st line 10, the 1 st separator 12 and the 2 nd line 13 are recovered (recovery treatment). For example, from the state of the above-described re-concentration process, the on-off valve 90 and the on-off valve 101 are opened, the on-off valve 112 is closed, the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are operated, and air is supplied from the gas supply unit 16 to the 1 st line 10. At this time, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are controlled so that the relationship of the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10, and the pressure P1 on the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10 becomes (P0/P1). times.Q 1. gtoreq.Q 2. The pressure P0 is measured by a pressure measuring device, not shown, and is output to the control device 17 or is input to the control device 17 in advance. In addition, the pressure P1 uses the pressure measured by the 1 st pressure measuring device 66 and output to the control device 17.
In the recovery process, air flows from the gas supply unit 16 into the region outside the 2 nd separator 62 through the 6 th line 63, and is sent from the 2 nd separator 62 to the 1 st line 10, the 1 st separator 12, and the 2 nd line 13 in this order. Then, the filtered ascites and the concentrated ascites remaining in the 1 st line 10, the 1 st separator 12 and the 2 nd line 13 are pressed out by air and recovered into the concentrated ascites bag 110.
For example, when the 1 st gas detector 67 detects the air supplied from the gas supply unit 16 and reaching the 2 nd line 13, the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are stopped.
Further, when the change in the weight of the thick belly water bag 110 measured by the weight measuring device 65 becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 may be stopped considering that the residual liquid is not flowing into the thick belly water bag 110 any more.
According to the present embodiment, when the gas is supplied from the gas supply unit 16 and the residual liquid in the separator 12 and the like is discharged through the 2 nd line 13, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are controlled so that the relationship between the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10, and the pressure P1 on the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2. As a result, even if the body fluid from which ascites is filtered and concentrated is replaced with air in the 1 st line 10 and the separator 12 and the volume of the air is compressed, the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 is maintained based on the law of bound gas (pressure P × volume V is constant), so that the volume of the body fluid discharged by the 2 nd pump 15 is equal to or less than the volume of the air supplied by the 1 st pump 11. As a result, when the residual liquid in the separator 12 is discharged through the 2 nd line 13 using air without generating negative pressure in the separator 12, it is possible to prevent the undesirable substances such as the outside air from flowing back to the separator 12 through the 3 rd line 14.
The control device 17 controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 using the pressure P1 measured by the 1 st pressure measuring device 66, and therefore, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 satisfying the relationship (P0 ÷ P1). times.Q 1 ≧ Q2 can be accurately controlled.
When the 1 st gas detector 67 detects the air supplied from the gas supply unit 16 and reaching the 2 nd line 13, the controller 17 stops the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15, and thus can suppress the air from entering the concentrate belly water bag 110.
Further, the control device 17 can stop the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 when the change in the weight of the abdominal water bag 110 measured by the weight measuring device 65 becomes a predetermined value or less, and therefore, it is possible to suppress a large amount of air from entering the abdominal water bag 110.
In the example of the above embodiment, the controller 17 controls the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 immediately after the start of the air supply so as to satisfy the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1). times.Q 1 ≧ Q2, but may control the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so as to satisfy the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1). times.Q 1 ≧ Q2 when the 2 nd gas detector 68 detects air after the start of the recovery process. In this case, before the 2 nd gas detector 68 detects air, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 can be controlled so that Q1> Q2, for example. In such a case, since the flow rate difference between the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 can be sufficiently ensured before the air reaches the separator 12, the water can be sufficiently removed from the filtered ascites as the residual liquid in the separator 12.
In the above example, the controller 17 may control the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so as to satisfy the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1). times.Q 1. gtoreq. 2 after the elapse of the predetermined time T from the detection of air by the 2 nd gas detector 68. The predetermined time T may be, for example, a time until the air in the 2 nd gas detector 68 reaches the 1 st pump 11. In this case, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 can be switched to the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1). times.Q 1 ≧ Q2 after the air comes closer to the 1 st pump 11.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the 3 rd pump 91 is provided in the 6 th line 63 and air is actively supplied to the 1 st line 10, and in this case or the like, the ascites treatment system 50 may further include a 2 nd pressure measuring device 92 for measuring a pressure P0 on the 1 st line 10 at a position upstream of the 1 st pump 11, and the control device 17 may control the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 using a pressure P0 measured by the 2 nd pressure measuring device 92. In such a case, for example, the 2 nd pressure measuring device 92 may be provided between the 3 rd pump 91 on the 6 th line 63 and the air inflow port 84 of the 2 nd separator 62. According to this example, the control device 17 can accurately control the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 that satisfy the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1). times.Q 1 ≧ Q2.
In the above embodiment 1, the 2 nd line 13 is connected to the concentrated belly water bag 110, but may have a connection part for connecting to a patient and communicate with the patient. Line 3 is connected to the waste liquid phase, but may also be connected to a body fluid recovery container. The 1 st line 10 may also have a connection for connection to a patient, instead of the belly bag 70.
< embodiment 2 >
Next, an example in which the basic structure 1 of the body fluid separation system of the present invention is applied to another ascites processing system will be described.
Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the configuration of the ascites treatment system 150 according to the present embodiment. The ascites processing system 150 includes, for example, a 1 st line 10, a 1 st pump 11, a 1 st separator 12, a 2 nd line 13, a 3 rd line 14, a 2 nd pump 15, a gas supply unit 16, a control device 17 (the above is the basic configuration 1), a 2 nd separator 160, a 4 th line 161, a 3 rd pump 162, a 5 th line 163, a 6 th line 164, a 4 th pump 165, a 1 st pressure measuring device 166, a 2 nd pressure measuring device 167, and the like.
The 1 st line 10 has a connection portion 171 at an end on the upstream side for connection to the ascites bag 170. The downstream end of the 1 st line 10 is connected to the inflow port 20 of the 1 st separator 12. The 1 st pump 11 is provided in the 1 st line 10.
The gas supply unit 16 is provided on the 1 st line 10 upstream of the 1 st pump 11. The 1 st pressure measuring device 166 is provided on the 1 st line 10 downstream of the 1 st pump 11, and the 2 nd pressure measuring device 167 is provided on the 1 st line 10 upstream of the 1 st pump 11.
The 1 st separator 12 is a hollow fiber membrane module that functions as, for example, a filter. The 1 st separator 12 has, for example, a cylindrical outer shape, and has an inflow port 20, a hollow fiber membrane 21 for separating a predetermined component from ascites flowing in from the inflow port 20, a 1 st outflow port 22 for allowing the ascites passing through an inner region of the hollow fiber membrane 21 to flow out, and a 2 nd outflow port 23 for allowing the predetermined component (filtered ascites) of the ascites flowing out to an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane 21 to flow out.
When ascites passes from the inner region to the outer region, the hollow fiber membrane 21 can remove a predetermined causative substance such as bacteria and cancer cells in the ascites and pass a predetermined useful component such as albumin.
The upstream end of the 2 nd line 13 is connected to the 1 st outflow port 22. The 2 nd line 13 has a connection portion 181 at the downstream end for connection to a waste liquid bag 180. A 2 nd pump 15 is provided in the 2 nd line 13.
The upstream end of the 3 rd line 14 is connected to the 2 nd outflow port 23. The downstream end of the 3 rd line 14 is connected to an inflow port 190, described later, of the 2 nd separator 160.
The 2 nd separator 160 is a hollow fiber membrane module that functions as, for example, a concentrator. The 2 nd separator 160 has, for example, a cylindrical outer shape, and has an inflow port 190, a hollow fiber membrane 191 for separating a predetermined component from the filtered ascites flowing in from the inflow port 190, a 1 st outflow port 192 for flowing out the filtered ascites (which becomes concentrated ascites) passing through the inside region of the hollow fiber membrane 191, and a 2 nd outflow port 193 for flowing out the predetermined component (moisture) flowing out to the outside region of the hollow fiber membrane 191.
When the filtered ascites passes through the inner region, the hollow fiber membrane 191 can concentrate the filtered ascites by allowing the water in the filtered ascites to flow out to the outer region and separating the water.
The upstream end of the 5 th line 163 is connected to the 2 nd outlet 193. The end of the 5 th line 163 on the downstream side is connected to, for example, a waste liquid bag 210.
The upstream end of the 4 th line 161 is connected to the 1 st outflow port 192. The 4 th line 161 has a connection portion 201 at the downstream end for connection with the concentrate belly bag 200. The 3 rd pump 162 is provided in the 4 th line 161.
Line 6 connects the concentrate belly bag 200 to line 3 14 via line 6. A 4 th pump 165 is provided in the 6 th line 164.
The control device 17 can control the operations of the 1 st pump 11, the 2 nd pump 15, the 3 rd pump 162, the 4 th pump 165, the 1 st pressure measuring device 166, the 2 nd pressure measuring device 167, and the like to perform ascites treatment. The control device 17 can execute a program stored in advance in a memory, for example, to perform ascites treatment.
Specifically, when air is supplied from the gas supply unit 16, the controller 17 controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so that the relationship between the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the 1 st line 10 at the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11, and the pressure P1 on the 1 st line 10 at the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1Q 2. This control is performed by executing a program stored in a memory in advance of the control device 17, for example.
In the ascites treatment system 150, after the completion of the filtration and concentration treatment, ascites and filtered ascites remain in, for example, the 1 st line 10, the 1 st separator 12 and the 2 nd line 13. The ascites and the filtered ascites are discarded in, for example, a waste liquid bag 180 (disposal treatment), or recovered in a concentrate bag 200 via a 3 rd line 14, a 2 nd separator 160, and a 4 th line 161 (recovery treatment). In this case, for example, the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are operated to supply air from the gas supply portion 16 to the 1 st line 10. At this time, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are controlled so that the relationship of the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10, and the pressure P1 on the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10 becomes (P0/P1). times.Q 1. gtoreq.Q 2. The pressure P0 uses the pressure measured by the 2 nd pressure measuring device 167 and output to the control device 17, and the pressure P1 uses the pressure measured by the 1 st pressure measuring device 166 and output to the control device 17.
In the disposal and recovery processes, air is sent from the gas supply unit 16 to the 1 st line 10, the 1 st separator 12, and the 2 nd line 13 in this order. Then, the ascites remaining in the 1 st line 10 and the 1 st separator 12 and the filtered ascites are pressed out by air, and a part thereof is discarded in the waste liquid bag 180 through the 2 nd line 13. In addition, a part of the ascites flows out to the region outside the hollow fiber membrane 21 of the 1 st separator 12, and is collected in the concentrated ascites bag 200 via the 3 rd line 14, the 2 nd separator 160, and the 4 th line 161 (collection treatment).
According to the present embodiment, when air is supplied from the gas supply unit 16 and the residual liquid in the separator 12 and the like is discharged through the 2 nd line 13, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are controlled so that the relationship between the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10, and the pressure P1 on the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2. As a result, even if the body fluid from ascites or filtered ascites is replaced with air in the 1 st line 10 or the separator 12 and the volume of the air is compressed, the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 is maintained based on the law of bound gas (pressure P × volume V is constant), whereby the volume of the body fluid discharged by the 2 nd pump 15 is equal to or less than the volume of the air supplied by the 1 st pump 11. As a result, when the residual liquid in the separator 12 is discharged through the 3 rd line 14 using air without generating negative pressure in the separator 12, the reverse flow of the unnecessary substances to the separator 12 through the 5 th line 163 communicating with the 3 rd line 14 can be prevented.
In the above embodiment 2, similarly to the above embodiment 1, the 1 st gas detector may be provided in the 2 nd line 13, and the controller 17 may stop the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 when the 1 st gas detector detects the air supplied from the gas supply unit 16 and reaching the 2 nd line 13.
In embodiment 2, similarly to embodiment 1, the 2 nd gas detector may be provided on the 1 st line 10 upstream of the 1 st pump 11, and the controller 17 may control the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so as to satisfy the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 when the 2 nd gas detector detects air. Further, the controller 17 may control the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so as to satisfy the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1). times.Q 1 ≧ Q2 after the elapse of the predetermined time T from the detection of air by the 2 nd gas detector.
Instead of the concentrate belly bag 200, the 4 th line 161 may also have a connection for connection to the patient, in which case the 3 rd line 14 communicates with the connection for connection to the patient via the 4 th line 161. The 1 st line 10 may also have a connection for connection to a patient in place of the belly bag 170.
< embodiment 3 >
In the present embodiment, an example will be described in which the basic configuration 1 of the body fluid separation system described above is applied to a plasma separation system. Fig. 5 is an explanatory view schematically showing the configuration of a plasma separation system 250 as a body fluid separation system according to the present embodiment.
The plasma separation system 250 includes, for example, a 1 st line 10, a 1 st pump 11, a 1 st separator 12, a 2 nd line 13, a 3 rd line 14, a 2 nd pump 15, a gas supply unit 16, a control device 17 (the above is the basic configuration 1), a 4 th line 260, a 3 rd pump 261, a 5 th line 262, a 2 nd separator 263, a 6 th line 264, a 4 th pump 265, a 1 st pressure measurement device 266, a 2 nd pressure measurement device 267, a 7 th line 268, and the like.
The 4 th line 260 has a connection 270 for connection to a patient at the end on the upstream side. The downstream end of the 4 th line 260 is connected to an inflow port 280 of the 2 nd separator 263, which will be described later. A 3 rd pump 261 is provided in the 4 th line 260.
The 2 nd separator 263 is, for example, a hollow fiber membrane module that separates plasma from blood. The 2 nd separator 263 has, for example, a cylindrical outer shape, and has an inflow port 280, a hollow fiber membrane 281 for separating a predetermined component from blood flowing in from the inflow port 280, a 1 st outflow port 282 through which blood having passed through an inner region (primary side) of the hollow fiber membrane 281 flows out, a 2 nd outflow port 283 through which a predetermined component (plasma) of blood flowing out to an outer region (secondary side) of the hollow fiber membrane 281 flows out, and an air inflow port 284 through which air as a gas flows into an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane 281.
The hollow fiber membrane 281 allows plasma in blood to flow out to the outside region and separate the plasma when the blood passes through the inside region.
The upstream end of the 5 th line 262 is connected to the 1 st outflow port 282. The 5 th line 262 has a connection 271 at the end on the downstream side for connection to the patient.
One end of the 7 th line 268 is connected to an air inflow port 284. The other end of the 7 th line 268 is open to the atmosphere, and constitutes the gas supply portion 16. An on-off valve 272 is provided in the 7 th line 268. In order to prevent unwanted substances such as bacteria from being mixed in, an air filter (not shown) may be disposed on the 7 th pipe 268.
The upstream end of the 1 st line 10 is connected to the 2 nd outflow port 283. The downstream end of the 1 st line 10 is connected to the inflow port 20 of the 1 st separator 12. The 1 st pump 11 is provided in the 1 st line 10. The 1 st pressure measuring device 266 is provided on the 1 st line 10 downstream of the 1 st pump 11, and the 2 nd pressure measuring device 267 is provided on the 1 st line 10 upstream of the 1 st pump 11.
The 1 st separator 12 is, for example, a hollow fiber membrane module for separating a predetermined component (useful plasma component) from plasma. The 1 st separator 12 has, for example, a cylindrical outer shape, and has an inflow port 20, a hollow fiber membrane 21 for separating a predetermined component from plasma flowing in from the inflow port 20, a 1 st outflow port 22 for allowing plasma having passed through an inner region of the hollow fiber membrane 21 to flow out, and a 2 nd outflow port 23 for allowing a useful plasma component having flowed out to an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane 21 to flow out.
When the plasma passes through the inner region, the hollow fiber membrane 21 can separate the useful plasma components in the plasma by allowing the useful plasma components to flow out to the outer region.
The upstream end of the 2 nd line 13 is connected to the 1 st outflow port 22. A downstream end of the 2 nd line 13 is connected to a waste liquid portion, not shown, for example. A 2 nd pump 15 is provided in the 2 nd line 13.
The upstream end of the 3 rd line 14 is connected to the 2 nd outflow port 23. The downstream end of the 3 rd line 14 is connected to the 5 th line 262.
The 6 th line 264 has a connection portion 291 at an upstream end thereof for connecting to the replacement fluid bag 290. The replacement liquid bag 290 can contain a predetermined amount of replacement liquid. The downstream end of the 6 th line 264 is connected to the 3 rd line 14. A 4 th pump 265 is provided in the 6 th line 264.
The controller 17 can control the operations of the 1 st pump 11, the 2 nd pump 15, the 3 rd pump 261, the 4 th pump 265, the 1 st pressure measuring device 266, the 2 nd pressure measuring device 267, the opening/closing valve 272, and the like, and execute the plasma separation process. The control device 17 can execute a program stored in advance in a memory, for example, to perform the plasma separation process.
Specifically, when air is supplied from the gas supply unit 16, the controller 17 controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so that the relationship between the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the 1 st line 10 at the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11, and the pressure P1 on the 1 st line 10 at the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2. This control is performed by executing a program stored in a memory in advance of the control device 17, for example.
In the plasma separation process, the 1 st pump 11, the 2 nd pump 15, the 3 rd pump 261, and the 4 th pump 265 are operated to transfer the blood of the patient to the 2 nd separator 263 through the 4 th line 260. In the 2 nd separator 263, plasma is separated from blood by using a hollow fiber membrane 281. The plasma separated in the 2 nd separator 263 is transferred to the 1 st separator 12 via the 1 st line 10. The blood that passes through separator 2 263 is returned to the patient via line 5 262. In the 1 st separator 12, the causative substance is removed from the plasma by the hollow fiber membrane 21. The plasma containing the causative substance that has passed through the inside region of the hollow fiber membrane 21 is discharged from the 1 st outflow port 22 to the 2 nd line 13, and is discarded in the waste liquid portion. The useful plasma components that flow out to the outside region of the hollow fiber membrane 21 flow out from the 2 nd outflow port 23 to the 3 rd line 14. The plasma component discharged to the 3 rd line 14 is combined with the substitution liquid supplied from the 6 th line 264, returned to the 5 th line 262 via the 3 rd line 14, and then returned to the patient via the 5 th line 262.
After the plasma separation process is completed, plasma remains in, for example, the 1 st line 10, the 1 st separator 12, and the 2 nd line 13. The plasma is discarded in a waste liquid portion on the downstream side of the 2 nd line 13 (disposal process), or returned to the patient via the 3 rd line 14 and the 5 th line 262 (collection process), for example. In this case, for example, the opening/closing valve 272 is opened to operate the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15, and air is supplied from the gas supply unit 16 to the 7 th line 268 and the 1 st line 10. At this time, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are controlled so that the relationship of the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10, and the pressure P1 on the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10 becomes (P0/P1). times.Q 1. gtoreq.Q 2. The pressure P0 uses the pressure measured by the 2 nd pressure measuring device 267 and output to the control device 17, and the pressure P1 uses the pressure measured by the 1 st pressure measuring device 266 and output to the control device 17.
In the disposal and recovery processes, air is sent from the gas supply unit 16 to the 7 th line 268, the 1 st line 10, the 1 st separator 12, and the 2 nd line 13 in this order. Then, the plasma remaining in the 1 st line 10 and the 1 st separator 12 is pushed out by air, and a part thereof is discarded in the waste liquid portion via the 2 nd line 13. A part of the plasma flows out to the region outside the hollow fiber membrane 21 of the 1 st separator 12 and is returned to the patient through the 3 rd line 14 and the 5 th line 262.
According to the present embodiment, when air is supplied from the gas supply unit 16 to discharge the residual liquid in the separator 12 and the like through the 2 nd line 13, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are controlled so that the relationship between the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10, and the pressure P1 on the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2. As a result, even if the volume of air is compressed by replacing the body fluid of plasma in the 1 st line 10 and the separator 12 with air, the volume of the body fluid discharged from the 2 nd pump 15 is equal to or smaller than the volume of air supplied from the 1 st pump 11 by maintaining the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 based on the law of bound gas (pressure P × volume V is constant). As a result, negative pressure is not generated in the separator 12, and when the residual liquid in the separator 12 is discharged through the 2 nd line 13 using air, the body fluid can be prevented from flowing back from the patient to the separator 12 through the 3 rd line 14.
In embodiment 3 described above, the 1 st gas detector may be provided in the 2 nd line 13 as in embodiment 1 described above, and the controller 17 may stop the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 when the 1 st gas detector detects the air supplied from the gas supply unit 16 and reaching the 2 nd line 13.
In embodiment 3, similarly to embodiment 1, the 2 nd gas detector may be provided on the 1 st line 10 upstream of the 1 st pump 11, and the controller 17 may control the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so as to satisfy the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 when the 2 nd gas detector detects air. Further, the controller 17 may control the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so as to satisfy the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1). times.Q 1 ≧ Q2 after the elapse of the predetermined time T from the detection of air by the 2 nd gas detector.
The 2 nd line 13 may also have a connection portion for connection with a body fluid recovery container instead of the waste liquid portion. In addition, the 3 rd line 14 may also have a connection part for connecting to a body fluid recovery container. In this case, line 3 14 communicates with the body fluid recovery reservoir instead of the patient.
< embodiment 4 >
In the present embodiment, an example will be described in which the basic configuration 1 of the body fluid separation system described above is applied to a blood purification system. Fig. 6 is an explanatory view schematically showing the configuration of a blood purification system 300 as a body fluid separation system according to the present embodiment.
The blood purification system 300 includes, for example, a 1 st line 10, a 1 st pump 11, a 1 st separator 12, a 2 nd line 13, a 3 rd line 14, a 2 nd pump 15, a gas supply unit 16, a control device 17 (the above is the basic configuration 1), a 1 st pressure measurement device 310, a 2 nd pressure measurement device 311, and the like.
The 1 st line 10 has a connection 320 at the end on the upstream side for connection to a patient. The downstream end of the 1 st line 10 is connected to the inflow port 20 of the 1 st separator 12. The 1 st pump 11 is provided in the 1 st line 10.
The gas supply unit 16 is provided on the 1 st line 10 upstream of the 1 st pump 11. The 1 st pressure measuring device 310 is provided on the 1 st line 10 downstream of the 1 st pump 11, and the 2 nd pressure measuring device 311 is provided on the 1 st line 10 upstream of the 1 st pump 11. In order to prevent unwanted substances such as bacteria from being mixed in, an air filter (not shown) may be disposed in the gas supply unit 16.
The 1 st separator 12 is, for example, a hollow fiber membrane module for separating unnecessary substances from blood. The 1 st separator 12 has, for example, a cylindrical outer shape, and has an inflow port 20, a hollow fiber membrane 21 for separating a predetermined component from blood flowing in from the inflow port 20, a 1 st outflow port 22 for allowing blood passing through an inner region of the hollow fiber membrane 21 to flow out, a 2 nd outflow port 23 for allowing an unnecessary substance flowing out to an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane 21 to flow out, and an inflow outlet 24.
When blood passes through the inner region, the hollow fiber membrane 21 can separate unnecessary substances in blood by allowing the unnecessary substances to flow out to the outer region.
The upstream end of the 2 nd line 13 is connected to the 1 st outflow port 22. The 2 nd line 13 has a connection portion 330 for connection to a patient at the end on the downstream side. A 2 nd pump 15 is provided in the 2 nd line 13.
The upstream end of the 3 rd line 14 is connected to the 2 nd outflow port 23. The downstream end of the 3 rd line 14 differs depending on the type of blood purification, and is connected to, for example, a waste liquid portion. The inflow/outflow port 24 may be closed or may be connected to a 4 th line not shown.
The control device 17 can control the operations of the devices such as the 1 st pump 11, the 2 nd pump 15, the 1 st pressure measurement device 310, and the 2 nd pressure measurement device 311 to perform the blood purification process. The control device 17 can execute a program stored in advance in a memory, for example, to perform blood purification processing.
Specifically, when air is supplied from the gas supply unit 16, the controller 17 controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so that the relationship between the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the 1 st line 10 at the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11, and the pressure P1 on the 1 st line 10 at the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1Q 2. This control is performed by executing a program stored in a memory in advance of the control device 17, for example.
In the blood purification process, the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are operated to transfer the blood of the patient to the 1 st separator 12 via the 1 st line 10. In the 1 st separator 12, unnecessary components are removed from the blood by the hollow fiber membrane 21. The unnecessary components flowing out to the outside region of the hollow fiber membranes 21 flow out from the 2 nd outflow port 23 to the 3 rd line 14. The blood from which the unnecessary components have been removed and which has passed through the inside region of the hollow fiber membrane 21 is discharged from the 1 st outflow port 22 to the 2 nd line 13, and is returned to the patient via the 2 nd line 13.
After the blood treatment is completed, blood remains in, for example, the 1 st line 10, the 1 st separator 12, and the 2 nd line 13. A portion of this blood is returned to the patient, for example, via line 2 13 (blood recovery process). In this case, for example, the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are operated to supply air from the gas supply portion 16 to the 1 st line 10. At this time, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are controlled so that the relationship of the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10, and the pressure P1 on the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10 becomes (P0/P1). times.Q 1. gtoreq.Q 2. The pressure P0 uses the pressure measured by the 2 nd pressure measuring device 311 and output to the control device 17, and the pressure P1 uses the pressure measured by the 1 st pressure measuring device 310 and output to the control device 17.
In the blood recovery process, air is sent from the gas supply unit 16 to the 1 st line 10, the 1 st separator 12, and the 2 nd line 13 in this order. The blood remaining in the 1 st line 10, the 1 st separator 12, and the 2 nd line 13 is then forced out by the air and returned to the patient via the 2 nd line 13. In this case, appropriate parts and devices are provided to prevent air from entering the patient.
According to the present embodiment, when air is supplied from the gas supply unit 16 to discharge the residual liquid in the separator 12 and the like through the 2 nd line 13, the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 are controlled so that the relationship between the flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump 11, the flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump 15, the pressure P0 on the upstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10, and the pressure P1 on the downstream side of the 1 st pump 11 on the 1 st line 10 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2. As a result, even if the body fluid from blood in the 1 st line 10 and the separator 12 is replaced with air and the volume of air is compressed, the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 is maintained based on the law of bound gas (pressure P × volume V is constant), so that the volume of the body fluid discharged by the 2 nd pump 15 is equal to or smaller than the volume of air supplied by the 1 st pump 11. As a result, negative pressure is not generated in the separator 12, and when the residual liquid in the separator 12 is discharged through the 2 nd line 13 using air, the backflow of the unnecessary substances to the separator 12 through the 3 rd line 14 can be prevented.
In the above embodiment 4, the 1 st gas detector may be provided in the 2 nd line 13 as in the above embodiment 1, and the controller 17 may stop the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 when the 1 st gas detector detects the air supplied from the gas supply unit 16 and reaching the 2 nd line 13.
In embodiment 4, similarly to embodiment 1, the 2 nd gas detector may be provided on the 1 st line 10 upstream of the 1 st pump 11, and the controller 17 may control the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so as to satisfy the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 when the 2 nd gas detector detects air. Further, the controller 17 may control the flow rates of the 1 st pump 11 and the 2 nd pump 15 so as to satisfy the relationship of (P0 ÷ P1). times.Q 1 ≧ Q2 after the elapse of the predetermined time T from the detection of air by the 2 nd gas detector.
The 3 rd line 14 may be a dialysate discharge line, and a dialysate supply line may be connected to the inlet and outlet. The 3 rd line 14 may also have a connection part for connection with a body fluid recovery container instead of the waste fluid part.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can conceive various modifications and alterations within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. It is to be understood that these various modifications and alterations also naturally fall within the technical scope of the present invention.
For example, in the above embodiments, the ascites treatment system 50, the ascites treatment system 150, the plasma separation system 250, and the blood purification system 300 may have other configurations. The present invention can be applied to other body fluid separation systems as long as it has the basic structure 1. The body fluid to be separated in the body fluid separation system of the present invention may be, for example, pleural effusion or the like, in addition to ascites, filtered ascites, plasma components, blood.
Industrial applicability
The present invention is useful for providing a body fluid separation system capable of preventing the backflow of unnecessary substances to a separator through a 3 rd line when gas is transferred from a 1 st line by a 1 st pump and a 2 nd pump and the residual liquid of the separator is discharged through a 2 nd line.
Claims (14)
1. A body fluid separation system in which, in a preferred embodiment,
the body fluid separation system comprises:
1 st pipeline, it is used for conveying the body fluid;
a 1 st pump which is provided on the 1 st line and which delivers the body fluid;
a separator connected to the 1 st line, and having an inflow port into which the body fluid flows, a hollow fiber membrane for separating body fluid components from the body fluid flowing in from the inflow port, a 1 st outflow port from which the body fluid having passed through an inner region of the hollow fiber membrane flows out, and a 2 nd outflow port from which the body fluid components having flowed out to an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane flows out;
a 2 nd pipeline connected with the 1 st outflow opening and used for conveying the body fluid;
a 3 rd line connected to the 2 nd outflow port for transporting the body fluid component;
a 2 nd pump provided on the 2 nd line for transporting the body fluid;
a gas supply unit configured to supply gas to a position on an upstream side of the 1 st line from the 1 st pump; and
and a controller that controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump so that a relationship between a flow rate Q1 of the 1 st pump, a flow rate Q2 of the 2 nd pump, a pressure P0 on the 1 st line at a position upstream of the 1 st pump, and a pressure P1 on the 1 st line at a position downstream of the 1 st pump is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2 when the gas is supplied from the gas supply unit.
2. The body fluid separation system of claim 1,
the body fluid separation system further comprises a 1 st pressure measuring device for measuring a pressure P1 on the 1 st line downstream of the 1 st pump,
the control means controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump using the pressure P1 measured by the 1 st pressure measurement means.
3. The body fluid separation system of claim 1,
the body fluid separation system further comprises a 2 nd pressure measuring device for measuring a pressure P0 on the upstream side of the 1 st pump on the 1 st line,
the control means controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump using the pressure P0 measured by the 2 nd pressure measuring means.
4. The body fluid separation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the 2 nd line has a connection portion for connection with a body fluid recovery container.
5. The body fluid separation system of claim 4,
the body fluid separation system also has a weight measuring device that measures the weight of the body fluid recovery container.
6. The body fluid separation system of claim 5,
the control device stops the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump when a change in the weight of the body fluid collection container measured by the weight measurement device is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
7. The body fluid separation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the 2 nd line has a connection for connecting the 2 nd line to a patient.
8. The body fluid separation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the body fluid separation system also has a 1 st gas detector for detecting the presence or absence of gas at the 2 nd line.
9. The body fluid separation system of claim 8,
the control device stops the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump when the 1 st gas detector detects gas.
10. The body fluid separation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the body fluid separation system further comprises a 2 nd gas detector for detecting the presence or absence of gas in a position on the 1 st line upstream of the 1 st pump,
when the 2 nd gas detector detects a gas, the control device controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump so that the relationship among the flow rate Q1, the flow rate Q2, the pressure P0, and the pressure P1 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2.
11. The body fluid separation system of claim 10,
after a predetermined time has elapsed since the 2 nd gas detector detected the gas, the control device controls the flow rates of the 1 st pump and the 2 nd pump so that the relationship among the flow rate Q1, the flow rate Q2, the pressure P0, and the pressure P1 is (P0 ÷ P1) × Q1 ≧ Q2.
12. The body fluid separation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the 3 rd pipeline is communicated with a body fluid recovery container.
13. The body fluid separation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the 3 rd line is in communication with a connection for connection to a patient.
14. The body fluid separation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the body fluid is any one of blood, plasma and ascites.
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| JP2018-218911 | 2018-11-22 | ||
| JP2018218911A JP7183006B2 (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | Bodily fluid separation system and method of operating the bodily fluid separation system |
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| CN111203101A CN111203101A (en) | 2020-05-29 |
| CN111203101B true CN111203101B (en) | 2022-01-14 |
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| JP7527174B2 (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2024-08-02 | 旭化成メディカル株式会社 | Body cavity fluid treatment system |
| JP2022063103A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2022-04-21 | 旭化成メディカル株式会社 | Coelomic fluid treatment system and method for using coelomic fluid treatment system |
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