CN111188198B - 一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料的制备方法,包含以下步骤:在容器内室温条件下先加入聚醚80‑95.5份,再加入TDI 10‑15份,持续搅拌30‑60s;在上述容器内加入二丁基乙烯0.5‑1.5份,持续搅拌30‑90s,在搅拌过程中加入扩链剂2‑6份,常温;将抛光粉和发泡剂AC搅拌混合后加入到上述制剂中,并搅拌10‑50s,常温备用;将上述制得的备用料剂均匀倒入到非织造布上或将非织造布泡入到上述制得的料剂中,料剂会在非织造布均匀填充式渗透在烘箱里烘烤固化,烘烤温度为100‑200℃,烘烤4h;制得成型抛光材料;该方法制备的抛光材料,具有较长的使用寿命(耐磨且不易坏),该材料通过化学方法合成,其分子之间产生化学键的重组,保证其具耐用性能优越,能够与基布充分交连连接。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抛光材料领域,具体涉及一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料及制备方法。
背景技术
抛光是指利用机械、化学或电化学的作用,使工件表面粗糙度降低,以获得光亮、平整表面的加工方法,主要目的的是增加工件表面的光亮程度。是利用抛光工具和磨料颗粒或其他抛光介质对工件表面进行的修饰加工。
抛光不能提高工件的尺寸精度或几何形状精度,而是以得到光滑表面或镜面光泽为目的,有时也用以消除光泽(消光)。通常以抛光轮作为抛光工具。抛光轮一般用多层帆布、毛毡或皮革叠制而成,两侧用金属圆板夹紧,其轮缘涂敷由微粉磨料和油脂等均匀混合而成的抛光剂。
对于玻璃的抛光,目前常用的有以下几种方式:机械抛光、化学抛光、点解抛光、超声波抛光、流体抛光 。其中机械抛光是靠切削、材料表面塑性变形去掉被抛光后的凸部而得到平滑面的抛光方法,一般使用油石条、羊毛轮、砂纸等,以手工操作为主,特殊零件如回转体表面,可使用转台等辅助工具,表面质量 要求高的可采用超精研抛的方法。超精研抛是采用特制的磨具,在含有磨料的研抛液中,紧压在工件被加工表面上,作高速旋转运动。利用该技术可以达到 Ra0.008 μ m 的表面粗糙度,是各种抛光方法中最高的。光学镜片模具常采用这种方法。
在机械抛光的方式中,目前常用到的抛光材料是聚氨酯抛光片,其主要是对透镜、玻璃等物体进行弧边化和抛光打磨处理,现有的聚氨酯抛光片在使用过程中,由于其在制备过程中扮演的是代替水作为溶剂,来溶解其他物质所制备而成的,其本身具有亲水性,在抛光(抛光过程中需要滴加液体剂,如助磨剂)过程中,聚氨酯遇水便会析出至聚氨酯抛光片外,导致聚氨酯抛光片使用寿命严重减弱;同时聚氨酯抛光片还会变软变形(弹性差),变软会影响其抛光性能,变形后由于聚氨酯抛光片与抛光件之间的接触性变差(抛光是采用机械往复磨刷进行抛光的)更会影响其抛光性能。
其次,由于聚氨酯抛光片在制备过程中发泡不均匀,导致生产出来的抛光片孔径大,且孔的大小不均匀,这在抛光的过程中,使得抛光件表面光亮性不均匀,如抛光片磨损到孔与抛光件接触时,便无法起到抛光效果,但其余无孔部位依然在抛光,最终使得抛光件所接受到的抛光时间不一致,影响抛光件的定型效果。如现有技术中专利号为CN201310232094.0、名称为一种聚氨酯抛光材料的制造方法所公开的技术中,其主要是通过严格控制各阶段的温度和粘度范围进行合理的控制,从而达到最佳的效果,其虽能够产生具有一定孔隙的抛光片,但是其随机性太强,仅仅是降低了次品出现的概率,既使得单位面积内大孔、不均匀孔分布量减少但存在,因为在实际生产中(化学反应过程中),是无法严格控制气体冒出时所产生的气泡大小以及形成位置的,部分或者少量的大气泡依然会对产品件产生影响缺陷影响,既其随机性太强,如在一个成型的抛光片上,依然会在不确定的位置产生不确定大小、和数量的开孔,而成品要求是开孔率一致,而且耐磨性(耐久性)也相对较差,通过参数的控制虽能够提升产品件的耐久性,但是提升幅度小,上限低;而且由于采用严格的参数控制方式而避免大孔率问题的,因此在实操时,操作要求高,受外界因素影响大,对于技术人员的要求十分苛刻,因此导致企业付出的成本较高。
而专利号为CN201010205843.7,名称为一种聚氨酯抛光片的制作方法所公开的技术方案,其存在同样的问题,既产品的成品率低下和反应条件要求高;换言之,品率低下就是因为化学反应过程中,产生气泡,气泡便会使成品件形成开孔;而产生的气泡大小、数量、冒出位置是很难进行人为严格控制的,因此导致目前的产品成品率低下,质量差;而且存在的通病就是耐磨性差。反应条件高使得制备成本高,加上良品率差,使得其成本更高。
因此,设计一种使用寿命长,开孔率均匀等优质抛光材料对玻璃抛光领域是非常有必要的。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料及制备方法,通过该方法制备的抛光材料,确保该抛光材料具有一定的开孔率,且开孔率小而均匀,遇水不会发软不易变形,产品的良品率可达100%;具有较长的使用寿命(耐磨且不易坏),该材料通过化学方法合成,其分子之间产生化学键的重组,保证其具耐用性能优越,能够与基布充分交连连接。
为解决上述技术问题,特采用如下技术方案:
一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料,其特征在于:
以非织造布为基布;
TDI(甲苯二异氰酸酯): 10-15份
聚醚: 80-95.5份
二丁基乙烯: 0.5-1.5份
抛光粉+发泡剂AC: 20-40份
扩链剂: 2-6份。
一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料的制备方法,其特征在于包含以下步骤:
A、在容器内室温条件下先加入聚醚80-95.5份,再加入TDI 10-15份,持续搅拌30-60s;
B、在上述容器内加入二丁基乙烯0.5-1.5份,持续搅拌30-90s,在搅拌过程中加入扩链剂2-6份,常温;
C、将抛光粉和发泡剂AC搅拌混合后加入到上述制剂中,并搅拌10-50s,常温备用;
D、将上述制得的备用料剂均匀倒入到非织造布上或将非织造布泡入到上述制得的料剂中,料剂会在非织造布均匀填充式渗透;
E、在烘箱里烘烤固化,烘烤温度为100-200℃,烘烤4h;
F、制得成型抛光材料。
优选地,所述扩链剂为MOCA(莫卡)、1-4丁二醇、1-2丁二醇中任意一种。
优选地,所述抛光粉为氧化铈、氧化铝、金刚石中的任意一种。
优选地,步骤A中TDI加入到聚醚中,需持续进行搅拌。
优选地,所述二丁基乙烯加入量以滴为计量单位。
优选地,所述聚醚牌号为220、240、360,选用其中任意一种。
优选地,抛光粉与发泡剂的比例为1:1。
本发明的有益效果在于:
第一、本申请中的整体反应条件要求低,不需要特别的设备,因此生产成本是低廉的,而且易于实施。
第二、本申请中,通过化学反应制备的抛光片,整体材料产生了化学键的重组和连接,因此其质量是相对较高的,材料的整体性也是较为突出的。
第三、本申请中生产的抛光布,其不会遇水变软,回弹性好,由于基布的作用(相当于是在水泥中掺入了钢筋),其更具有耐磨性、而且质量更好。
第四、本申请中加入非织造布为基布,该基布对于提升耐磨性、质量、使用寿命有着至关重要的作用;更加重要的是非织造基布能够解决气泡大,不均匀的问题。
第五、本申请中的化学反应是持续进行的,特别是与基布混合后,凝固阶段,在基本内依然发生化学反应,此时化学键(官能团的连接)的结合是与基布上的毛丝是交错交织的,其融合度更好,这样更加能够使化学物基布的充分融为一体,做出来的整体性更强,耐磨性更好。
第六、基布的作用不仅是增加抛光片的耐磨性,另一重要作用是能够将在化学反应过程中产生的大气泡,基布的布丝能够将大气泡隔断拉断成小气泡,进而使得制成的抛光布具有一定的开孔率,且开孔小而密;化学反应产生的气泡大小及其位置无法控制,但是本申请基布可以将产生的气泡割断成小气泡,进而提升成品率,正常加工条件下,成品率几乎是百分百。
第七、本申请的耐用性大幅提升,取同样体积大小的普通抛光片与本申请的抛光布若干片(至少10片),将其固定在转动打磨机上进行加速老化试验,通过测试变形程度、耐磨性测试,其使用寿命是普通的越6.7倍左右。
附图说明
图1为聚氨酯抛光皮的图示。
图2为聚氨酯抛光片的图示。
图3为本发明的抛光材料图示。
图4为本发明的抛光材料断面图示。
具体实施方式
为了便于本领域普通技术人员理解和实施本发明,下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述,应当理解,此处所描述的实施示例仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料的制备方法,其特征在于包含以下步骤:
在容器内室温25℃条件下先加入聚醚240为95.5质量份(聚醚240质量分数为4000,具有两个官能团),再加入TDI 10质量份作为基料,持续搅拌10s;然后在上述容器内加入二丁基乙烯作为催化剂,约为1滴,每滴600g左右,边加入边搅拌,持续搅拌10s,在搅拌过程中加入1-2丁二醇6质量份,常温25℃,此时料剂为熔融的半反应状态;
再将氧化铝(一般用于粗抛)和发泡剂AC在常温条件下先进行预混合,再把混合后的料剂加入到上述料剂中,搅拌10s;常温备用;
将上述制得的备用料剂均匀倒入到非织造布(无纺布)上或将非织造布泡入到上述制得的料剂中,料剂充分渗透至非织造布内;
最后将非织造布放置在烘箱里进行烘烤,烘烤温度为100-200℃,烘烤4h,在烘烤过程中,由于温度较高,此时化学反应程度较大,反应过程中,料剂会在非织造布内进行化学键的结合,化学键在非织造布的布时之间交错结合反应,制成的成品与非织造布形成整体,耐磨性高,使用寿命长;同时,在烘烤过程中,化学反应会产生气泡(气泡大小、冒出位置、数量决定了抛光片的开孔率),非织造布的布丝会将较大的气泡隔断形成为小气泡,通过物理手段将大气泡隔断成为小气泡,使得制作出来的抛光材料具有一定的开孔率,并且由于交错分布、密集的布丝,因此分割的气泡能够确保均匀性和小孔性、并且成品率几乎为百分百。
实施例2
本发明的另一个实施例为加入的聚醚类型为聚醚220,其质量分数为2000,含有两个官能团:
首先在容器内室温25℃条件下先加入聚醚220为80质量份,再加入TDI为 10质量份作为基料,持续搅拌30s;然后在上述容器内加入二丁基乙烯作为催化剂,大概为2滴左右,每滴600g左右,边加入边搅拌,持续搅拌30s,在搅拌过程中加入1-4丁二醇2质量份,常温25℃,此时料剂为熔融的半反应状态;
再将氧化铝(一般用于粗抛)和发泡剂AC在常温条件下先进行预混合,再把混合后的料剂加入到上述料剂中,搅拌10s;常温备用;
将上述制得的备用料剂均匀倒入到非织造布(无纺布)上或将非织造布泡入到上述制得的料剂中,使得料剂充分渗透至非织造布内;其中非织造布的厚度根据实际需求选择,如5mm厚;
最后将非织造布放置在烘箱里进行烘烤,烘烤温度为110℃,烘烤4h,此种条件下制备的处抛光材料偏软。
实施例3
本发明的再一个实施例为加入的聚醚类型为聚醚360,其质量分数为7000,含有三个官能团:
首先在容器内室温25℃条件下先加入聚醚360为80质量份,再加入TDI为 15质量份作为基料,持续搅拌60s;然后在上述容器内加入二丁基乙烯作为催化剂,大概为2滴左右,每滴600g左右,边加入边搅拌,持续搅拌30s,在搅拌过程中加入1-4丁二醇6质量份,常温25℃,此时料剂为熔融的半反应状态;
再将氧化铈(一般用于精抛)和发泡剂AC在常温条件下先进行预混合,再把混合后的料剂加入到上述料剂中,搅拌90s;常温备用;
将上述制得的备用料剂均匀倒入到非织造布(无纺布)上或将非织造布泡入到上述制得的料剂中,使得料剂充分渗透至非织造布内;其中非织造布的厚度根据实际需求选择,如3mm厚;
最后将非织造布放置在烘箱里进行烘烤,烘烤温度为180℃,烘烤4h,此种条件下制备的处抛光材料偏硬。
实施例4
本发明的还一个实施例为加入的聚醚类型为聚醚360,其质量分数为7000,含有三个官能团:
首先在容器内室温25℃条件下先加入聚醚360为80质量份,再加入TDI为 15质量份作为基料,持续搅拌30s;然后在上述容器内加入二丁基乙烯作为催化剂,大概为2滴左右,每滴600g左右,边加入边搅拌,持续搅拌30s,在搅拌过程中加入莫卡2质量份,常温25℃;
再将氧化铈和发泡剂AC在常温条件下先进行预混合,再把混合后的料剂加入到上述料剂中,搅拌90s;常温备用;
将上述制得的备用料剂均匀倒入到非织造布(无纺布)上或将非织造布泡入到上述制得的料剂中,使得料剂充分渗透至非织造布内;
最后将非织造布放置在烘箱里进行烘烤,烘烤温度为130℃,烘烤3.5h,此种条件下制备的处抛光材料也比较偏硬。
应当理解的是,上述针对较佳实施例的描述较为详细,并不能因此而认为是对本发明专利保护范围的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可以做出替换或变形,均落入本发明的保护范围之内,本发明的请求保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (8)
1.一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料的制备方法,其特征在于包含以下步骤:
A.在容器内室温条件下先加入聚醚80-95.5份,再加入TDI 10-15份,持续搅拌30-60s;
B.在上述容器内加入二丁基乙烯0.5-1.5份,持续搅拌30-90s,在搅拌过程中加入扩链剂2-6份,常温;
C.将抛光粉和发泡剂AC搅拌混合后加入到上述制剂中,并搅拌10-50s,常温备用;
D.将上述制得的备用料剂均匀倒入到非织造布上或将非织造布泡入到上述制得的料剂中,料剂会在非织造布均匀填充式渗透;
E.在烘箱里烘烤固化,烘烤温度为100-200℃,烘烤4h;
F.制得成型抛光材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述扩链剂为MOCA(莫卡)、1-4丁二醇、1-2丁二醇中任意一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述抛光粉为氧化铈、氧化铝、金刚石中的任意一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤A中TDI加入到聚醚中,需持续进行搅拌。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述二丁基乙烯加入量以滴为计量单位。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述聚醚牌号为220、240、360,选用其中任意一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:抛光粉与发泡剂的比例为1:1。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种高效、耐磨型抛光材料的制备方法制备的抛光材料,其特征在于,包括:
非织造布;
TDI(甲苯二异氰酸酯): 10~15份
聚醚: 80~95.5份
二丁基乙烯 0.5~1.5份
抛光粉+发泡剂AC: 20~40份
扩链剂 2~6份。
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