CN111188116A - 一种聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111188116A
CN111188116A CN202010095931.XA CN202010095931A CN111188116A CN 111188116 A CN111188116 A CN 111188116A CN 202010095931 A CN202010095931 A CN 202010095931A CN 111188116 A CN111188116 A CN 111188116A
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fibers
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边丽娟
张邱平
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Shanghai Textile Research Institute Co ltd
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D03D13/004Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft with weave pattern being non-standard or providing special effects
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D03D13/008Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft characterised by weave density or surface weight
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/39Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
    • D06M15/41Phenol-aldehyde or phenol-ketone resins
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    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/22Polymers or copolymers of halogenated mono-olefins
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/04Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D10B2321/042Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons polymers of fluorinated hydrocarbons, e.g. polytetrafluoroethene [PTFE]
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/06Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyethers
    • D10B2331/061Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyethers polyetherketones, polyetheretherketones, e.g. PEEK

Abstract

本发明公开一种聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物的制备方法,涉及一种自润滑织物生产方法、及其产品和用途,该织物由聚醚醚酮纤维与聚四氟乙烯纤维交织而成,其中所述聚醚醚酮纤维纤度为200D,并且该织物的一面中聚四氟乙烯纤维表面积占复合纱总体表面积的比例为10~40%。本发明的自润滑织物具有摩擦系数低、耐磨损性能优异、贴合强度高的特点,而且还具有生产工艺简单、成本低、对环境无污染的特点。该低摩擦系数织物应用于机械运动部件,特别是应用于低速度、高载荷环境下。

Description

一种聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术,尤其涉及一种聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物的制备方法。
背景技术
聚醚醚酮(英文poly-ether-ether-ketone,简称PEEK)是在主链结构中含有一个酮键和两个醚键的重复单元所构成的高聚物,属特种高分子材料。具有耐高温、耐化学药品腐蚀等物理化学性能,是一类半结晶高分子材料,熔点334℃,软化点168℃,拉伸强度132~148MPa,可用作耐高温结构材料和电绝缘材料,可与玻璃纤维或碳纤维复合制备增强材料。一般采用与芳香族二元酚缩合而得的一类聚芳醚类高聚物。具有耐高温、自润滑、易加工和高机械强度等优异性能的特种工程塑料,可制造加工成各种机械零部件,如汽车齿轮、油筛、换档启动盘;飞机发动机零部件、自动洗衣机转轮、医疗器械零部件(作为人工骨修复骨缺损)等。在航空航天领域、医疗器械领域和工业领域有大量的应用。
聚四氟乙烯(Poly tetra fluoroethylene,简写为PTFE),一般称作“不粘涂层”或“易清洁物料”。这种材料具有抗酸抗碱、抗各种有机溶剂的特点,几乎不溶于所有的溶剂。同时,聚四氟乙烯具有耐高温的特点,它的摩擦系数极低,所以可作润滑作用之余,亦成为了易清洁水管内层的理想涂料。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物的制备方法。
本发明的再一目的在于提供上述制备方法得到的产品。
本发明的又一目的在于提供上述产品的应用。
本发明目的通过下述方案实现:一种聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物,以聚醚醚酮纤维和PTFE纤维为主要原料,采用机织的方法制备成变化斜纹结构的自润滑织物,其中,PEEK纤维选用200D长丝,PTFE纤维选用400D长丝,这种编制方式,使得具有减摩功能的PTFE纤维富集到工作面,而具有良好粘接性能的纤维PEEK纤维较多处于粘接面上,并且该织物的工作面中聚四氟乙烯纤维表面积占复合纱总体表面积的比例为10~40%。
进一步的,本发明提供了一种将所述聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物与改性酚醛树脂通过浸渍的方法复合,然后固化成型制备出聚醚醚酮纤维(PEEK)/PTFE织物自润滑衬垫,衬垫基本物理性能优异。
自润滑衬垫摩擦磨损测试条件为:载荷17N,φ3mm钢球,转速200rpm,旋转半径12mm,测试时间4h。自润滑衬垫单位面积质量(g/m2)=420时,摩擦系数f=0.1987;磨损量=0.131mm。
本发明还提供了一种根据上述方法制备得到的聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物产品。该种织物不仅具有良好的减摩和耐磨性能,同时还具有良好的保持性。
本发明也提供了一种上述聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物产品在低速度、高载荷环境下的机械运动部件中的应用。
本发明还提供了上述制备方法得到的聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物产品。目前没人将该纤维用于自润滑织物,本发明选用PEEK纤维做为PEEK/PTFE自润滑织物的增强纤维基于下述考虑:
1)该纤维属于高性能纤维,具有优异的综合性能,符合耐磨自润滑织物增强纤维的要求;
2)该纤维是熔融纺丝成型,丝线光滑,不易起毛丝,耐磨性能更好。
聚醚醚酮纤维(PEEK纤维)是一种全芳香族的纤维,并有醚键与酮键的存在,从而使纤维的耐高温、耐摩擦、耐腐蚀性能远远高于常规纤维。
本发明织物可作为织物型复合材料的增强体,用于与各种高性能树脂进行复合,从而制备出具有自润滑特性的复合材料来,可以广泛用作自润滑衬垫、垫片等使用。
本发明的优越性在于:制备方法简单、成本低、对环境无污染的特点;所制备的自润滑织物产品具有摩擦系数低、耐磨损性能优异、贴合强度高的特点;而且该低摩擦系数织物应用于机械运动部件,特别是应用于低速度、高载荷环境下。
附图说明
图1 PEEK/PTFE衬垫产品摩擦系数谱图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种PEEK/PTFE自润滑织物,按下述步骤制备:以聚醚醚酮纤维和PTFE纤维为主要原料,采用机织的方法制备成变化斜纹结构的自润滑织物,其中,PEEK纤维选用200D长丝,PTFE纤维选用400D长丝,通过编织方式,使得具有减摩功能的PTFE纤维富集到工作面,而具有良好粘接性能的纤维PEEK纤维较多处于粘接面上,并且该织物的工作面中聚四氟乙烯纤维表面积占复合纱总体表面积的比例为37.5%。
在上述方法基础上,所述自润滑织物,单位面积质量(g/m2)=290;织物密度(根/10cm):经向452,纬向244;产品断裂强力(N):经向1746N,纬向1674N;断裂伸长率(%)经向38.0%,纬向25.5;顶破强力(N)3100。织物的一面中聚四氟乙烯纤维表面积占复合纱总体表面积的比例为37.5%。
基本物理性能测试结果见表1。
实施例2
一种PEEK/PTFE自润滑织物自润滑衬垫,将该聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物与改性酚醛树脂复合,通过浸渍的方法做成预浸料,然后固化成型制备出聚醚醚酮纤维(PEEK)/PTFE织物自润滑衬垫。
聚醚醚酮纤维(PEEK)/PTFE织物单位面积质量420g/m2;断裂强力:经向1818N,纬向1926N;断裂伸长率:经向36.0%,纬向31.0%;顶破强力2963N。基本物理性能测试结果见表1。
我们利用该织物与改性后的酚醛树脂通过浸渍法,然后固化成型制备出一种自润滑衬垫材料来,该自润滑衬垫单位面积质量(g/m2)=420时,摩擦系数f=0.1987;磨损量=0.131mm,该衬垫摩擦系数谱图见图1和表2。
表1为PEEK/PTFE织物和衬垫的基本物理性能测试结果:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
表2为摩擦磨损测试结果。盘销摩擦磨损测试条件——载荷17N,φ3mm钢球,转速200rpm,旋转半径12mm,测试时间4h;
Figure 86682DEST_PATH_IMAGE002

Claims (5)

1.一种聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物的制备方法,其特征在于:以聚醚醚酮纤维和PTFE纤维为主要原料,采用机织的方法制备成变化斜纹结构的自润滑织物,其中,PEEK纤维选用200D长丝,PTFE纤维选用400D长丝,通过编织方式,使得具有减摩功能的PTFE纤维富集到工作面,而具有良好粘接性能的纤维PEEK纤维较多处于粘接面上,并且该织物的工作面中聚四氟乙烯纤维表面积占复合纱总体表面积的比例为10~40%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述自润滑织物,单位面积质量(g/m2)=290;织物密度(根/10cm):经向452,纬向244;产品断裂强力(N):经向1746N,纬向1674N;断裂伸长率(%)经向38.0%,纬向25.5;顶破强力(N)3100。织物的一面中聚四氟乙烯纤维表面积占复合纱总体表面积的比例为37.5%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物的制备方法,其特征在于:将该聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物与改性酚醛树脂通过浸渍的方法复合,然后固化成型制备出聚醚醚酮纤维自润滑织物衬垫。
4.一种聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物,根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法制备得到的产品。
5.一种根据权利要求4所述聚醚醚酮纤维基自润滑织物产品的用途,其特征在于,应用于低速度、高载荷环境下的机械运动部件中。
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CN113881173A (zh) * 2021-11-11 2022-01-04 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种自润滑纤维织物复合材料及其制备方法和应用
CN113981679A (zh) * 2021-11-11 2022-01-28 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种混纺纤维织物复合材料及其制备方法和应用
CN113981672A (zh) * 2021-11-11 2022-01-28 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种稀土氧化物改性纤维织物及其制备方法和应用
CN113881173B (zh) * 2021-11-11 2022-06-03 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种自润滑纤维织物复合材料及其制备方法和应用
CN113981672B (zh) * 2021-11-11 2022-10-11 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种稀土氧化物改性纤维织物及其制备方法和应用
CN115058895A (zh) * 2022-06-06 2022-09-16 清华大学 纤维复合材料及其制备方法和应用
CN115058895B (zh) * 2022-06-06 2023-07-04 清华大学 纤维复合材料及其制备方法和应用

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