CN111183893B - Novel breeding method of high-quality first-filial generation young Chinese flowering cabbage - Google Patents
Novel breeding method of high-quality first-filial generation young Chinese flowering cabbage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A novel breeding method of a high-quality first-filial generation young Chinese cabbage comprises the following steps: (1) female parent breeding: planting common Chinese cabbage, screening individual plants, selfing to obtain F2 generation seeds; sowing seeds of F2 generation in the next season, planting, and screening individual plants to obtain seeds of F3 generation; until the female parent self-incompatible line is bred to meet the requirements of stable characters and stable compatible indexes and meet the production requirements of seeds, obtaining Fx generation seeds; sowing Fx generation seeds, field planting, mixing and reserving seeds, using the seeds as original seeds, and breeding the female parent self-incompatible line; (2) male parent breeding: planting the bolting seeds, screening single plants, and selfing to obtain F2 generation seeds; sowing F2 generations in the next season, planting and screening single plants to obtain F3 generation seeds; breeding the male parent inbred line to obtain Fy generation seeds meeting stable characters and meeting the requirement of seed production, sowing the Fy generation seeds in the next season, mixing and reserving seeds, and using the seeds as original seeds; breeding male parent self-compatible line; (3) and (3) first-filial generation seeds, namely performing field planting on the male parent and the female parent in a field planting field, and pollinating by bees in a flowering period to produce first-filial generation seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of flowering Chinese cabbage, in particular to a novel breeding method of first-filial generation flowering Chinese cabbage.
Background
The flowering Chinese cabbage, also called flowering Chinese cabbage, is a variant taking the flowering Chinese cabbage as a product in brassica brassicaceae brassica Chinese cabbage subspecies, and is a primary and secondary herb plant. Is suitable for being sowed in warm areas in the south and is one of special vegetables in the south of China. Can be sowed all the year round, and is cultivated all over the world. The types of the flowering Chinese cabbage are various, and the flowering Chinese cabbage also differs from place to place according to different growing regions, wherein the most famous ones are Guangdong flowering Chinese cabbage, red flowering Chinese cabbage and white flowering Chinese cabbage. Breeders perform systematic breeding on the germplasm resources of the flowering Chinese cabbage, and the current flowering Chinese cabbage on the market mainly adopts conventional seeds, is low in uniformity, irregular in bolting and poor in commodity. In recent years, hybrid bolting with high uniformity and good commodity gradually replaces bolting of conventional varieties. However, at present, the adopted bolting and the same variety of the bolting are selected and combined, and the combining ability is measured, so that excellent first filial generation bolting is screened out.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the defects in the prior art, the novel breeding method for obtaining the first filial generation flowering Chinese cabbage with tender, glutinous, fragrant and sweet quality, thick and long flowering Chinese cabbage, good marketability and high quality through two different interspecific hybridization of high-quality common Chinese cabbage and the flowering Chinese cabbage is provided.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: a novel breeding method of first filial generation bolting vegetables mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) female parent self-incompatible line system breeding process
Introducing the germplasm resources of the common Chinese cabbage, planting, screening single plants, and selfing to obtain F2 generation seeds;
sowing seeds of F2 generation in the next season, planting, screening individual plants, simultaneously performing bud-stage selfing and flowering-stage selfing pollination on the selected individual plants, and determining selfing incompatibility to obtain seeds of F3 generation;
in the next season, F3 generation seeds with strong cross incompatibility are selected for sowing, field planting and single plant screening; selfing and selfing pollination are simultaneously carried out on the selected single plants in the bud period and the flower period, and the self-incompatibility is measured to obtain F4 generation seeds;
until the female parent self-incompatible line is bred to meet the requirements of stable characters and stable compatible index and meet the seed production requirements: according to the variety comparison test result, selecting and reserving a single plant from the strains with the most outstanding combination performance of hybridization, and simultaneously carrying out bud-stage selfing and flowering-stage selfing pollination on the selected single plant to obtain Fx generation seeds; measuring the self-incompatibility, finding that the self-incompatibility of a single plant tends to be incompatible, and further measuring the combining ability of different strains;
sowing Fx generation seeds in the next season, and planting; selecting a strain with the most outstanding combination expression of the hybridization according to the result of the variety comparison test; measuring the system affinity index by adopting a round matching method, mixing and reserving seeds, taking the seeds as original seeds, and breeding a female parent self-incompatible line;
x is 4 to 10;
(2) male parent self-compatible system breeding process
Introducing a flowering Chinese cabbage germplasm resource, planting, screening individual plants, and selfing to obtain F2 generation seeds;
sowing F2 generations in the next season, planting and screening single plants to obtain F3 generation seeds, and simultaneously starting to perform hybridization combination with other stable materials;
sowing seeds of F3 generation in the next season, and planting; until the male parent inbred line is bred to meet stable characters and meet the production requirements of seeds, selecting and reserving a single plant from the lines with the most outstanding hybrid combination performance according to the variety comparison test result to obtain Fy generation seeds; further hybridizing and combining with other stable materials;
sowing Fy generation seeds in the next season, and planting; selecting a strain with the most outstanding combination expression of the hybridization according to the result of the variety comparison test; determining that the system is an affinity system, mixing and reserving seeds as original seeds; breeding male parent self-compatible line;
y is 4 to 10;
(3) first filial generation seed production
In 2-3 years, cruciferous plants are not planted, field planting fields with space isolation distance of more than 2000 meters are planted in the male parent and the female parent, and the first-filial generation seeds are produced by bee pollination in the flowering period.
Further preferably, in the above novel breeding method for the first-filial generation bolting, where x is 7 and y is 4, the corresponding breeding process is as follows:
(1) female parent self-incompatible line system breeding process
Introducing the germplasm resources of the common Chinese cabbage, planting, screening single plants, and selfing to obtain F2 generation seeds;
sowing seeds of F2 generation in the next season, planting, screening individual plants, simultaneously performing bud-stage selfing and flowering-stage selfing pollination on the selected individual plants, and determining selfing incompatibility to obtain seeds of F3 generation;
in the next season, F3 generation seeds with strong cross incompatibility are selected for sowing, field planting and single plant screening; selfing and selfing pollination are simultaneously carried out on the selected single plants in the bud period and the flower period, and the self-incompatibility is measured to obtain F4 generation seeds;
in the next season, F4 generation seeds with strong cross incompatibility are selected for sowing, field planting and single plant screening; selfing and selfing pollination are simultaneously carried out on the selected single plants in the bud period and the flower period, and the self-incompatibility is measured to obtain F5 generation seeds;
in the next season, F5 generation seeds with strong cross incompatibility are selected for sowing, field planting and single plant screening; selfing the selected individual plants in the bud period and selfing and pollinating in the flowering period at the same time to obtain F6 generation seeds; simultaneously, starting hybridization combination with other stable materials, and determining the matching of different strains;
sowing seeds of F6 generation in the next season, and planting; according to the result of variety comparison test (combining ability determination), selecting and reserving single plants from the strains with the most outstanding combination performance of hybridization, and simultaneously performing bud-stage selfing and flowering-stage selfing pollination on the selected single plants to obtain F7 generation seeds; the self-incompatibility is mainly measured, the self-incompatibility of a single plant is found to tend to be incompatible, and the combining ability of different strains is further measured;
sowing seeds of F7 generation in the next season, and planting; selecting a strain with the most outstanding combination performance of hybridization according to the result of a variety comparison test (combining ability measurement); measuring the system affinity index by adopting a round matching method, mixing and reserving seeds, taking the seeds as original seeds, and breeding a female parent self-incompatible line;
(2) male parent self-compatible system breeding process
Introducing a flowering Chinese cabbage germplasm resource, planting, screening individual plants, and selfing to obtain F2 generation seeds;
sowing F2 generations in the next season, planting and screening single plants to obtain F3 generation seeds, and simultaneously starting to perform hybridization combination with other stable materials;
sowing seeds of F3 generation in the next season, and planting; according to the result of a variety comparison test (combining ability measurement), selecting and reserving a single plant from the strains with the most outstanding combination performance of hybridization to obtain F4 generation seeds; further hybridizing and combining with other stable materials;
sowing seeds of F4 generation in the next season, and planting; selecting a strain with the most outstanding combination performance of hybridization according to the result of a variety comparison test (combining ability measurement); determining that the system is an affinity system, mixing and reserving seeds as original seeds; breeding male parent self-compatible line;
(3) first filial generation seed production
Cruciferous plants are not planted within 2-3 years, and the field planting fields with space isolation distance of more than 2000 meters (pollen of other heterologous plants causes interference to the application, and the distance between the other heterologous plants and the plants of the application is required to meet the distance of more than 2000 meters) are planted according to the male parent and the female parent 1:1, field planting, and producing first-filial generation seeds by bee pollination in the flowering period.
Preferably, the planting ratio of the male parent to the female parent is 1: 1; the field planting field which is not planted with cruciferous plants and has the spacing distance of more than 2000 meters within 2-3 years is selected for field planting, so that pollution caused by pollen of other heterologous plants can be effectively prevented, and the qualified seed purity of the first-filial generation brassica chinensis seeds is ensured.
Preferably, in the breeding process of the screened single plant in the step (1), selection is carried out around the standards of upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long bolts, regular bolting, good bolt type, tender, sticky, sweet and high soluble solid content.
Preferably, in the breeding process of the screened single plants in the step (2), the selection is carried out around the standards of upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long bolts, good bolt type, regular bolting, tender, sticky, sweet and high soluble solid content.
The various performance parameters in the breeding labels are all used as seeds for next generation sowing with the highest standard in the obtained purified plants; the conventional operations are judged for those skilled in the art according to each specific conventional operation of the seeding process, and there is no unrealizable process.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the invention obtains the first filial generation by the hybridization of the common Chinese cabbage self-incompatible line and the flowering Chinese cabbage self-incompatible line. The sterile line of the common Chinese cabbage is obtained by backcrossing the common Chinese cabbage and the male sterile source for a plurality of times and then is hybridized with the inbred line of the flowering Chinese cabbage, or the sterile line of the flowering Chinese cabbage is obtained by backcrossing the flowering Chinese cabbage and the male sterile source for a plurality of times and then is hybridized with the inbred line of the common Chinese cabbage.
2. The self-incompatibility identification technology, the determination of the combining ability between the common Chinese cabbage and the flowering Chinese cabbage, the breeding technology of the original seeds and the stock seeds of the parents and the large-scale seed production technology of the first filial generation flowering Chinese cabbage are all technical keys.
3. The first-filial generation young Chinese cabbage is obtained by hybridizing two different varieties of common Chinese cabbage and young Chinese cabbage for the first time, and the obtained young Chinese cabbage has the advantages of upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long young Chinese cabbage, good young Chinese cabbage type, regular bolting, tender, glutinous, fragrant and sweet quality, high soluble sugar content, high protein content, high amino acid content and the like; the bolting of the application has the advantages of vigorous growth, thick and long bolting (the height of the bolting is 40-60cm, the thickness of the bolting is 3.5cm) and the weight of a single bolting (170 plus 250 g/bolting); moreover, the bolting obtained by the special breeding mode also has high content of soluble sugar, protein, amino acid and the like.
4. In the process of breeding the male parent and the female parent, the difference of the purification generation is not an innovation point of other bolting type patent applications in the future.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a picture of a patted product of a flowering Chinese cabbage cultivated by the breeding method of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a picture of a patted product of a bolting prepared by conventional breeding.
Fig. 3 is a comparative photographed product diagram of a bolting obtained in the embodiments of the present application and an existing common bolting.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to only the following examples.
The invention obtains the first filial generation by the hybridization of self-incompatible line. The sterile line of the common Chinese cabbage is obtained by backcrossing the common Chinese cabbage and the male sterile source for multiple times and then is hybridized with the inbred line of the flowering Chinese cabbage, or the sterile line of the flowering Chinese cabbage is obtained by backcrossing the flowering Chinese cabbage and the male sterile source for multiple times and then is hybridized with the inbred line of the common Chinese cabbage.
(1) Female parent self-incompatible line system breeding process
Introducing the germplasm resources of the common Chinese cabbage, and planting 100 Chinese cabbage plants. Selecting single plants with early bolting, good bolting type, thick and long bolting, tender, glutinous, sweet and high-quality, and selfing to obtain seeds of F2 generation;
in the next season, F2 seeds are sown, and 80 plants are planted in each material; the growth vigor, the height of plants, the leaf color, the height of the flower shoots, the color of the flower shoots and the like are separated violently; selecting the single plant with the optimal performance according to the plant growth condition, simultaneously performing bud-stage selfing and flowering-stage selfing pollination on the selected single plant, and measuring the self-incompatibility to obtain F3-generation seeds;
sowing seeds of F3 generation with strong cross incompatibility in the next season, and planting 80 plants in each material; the plants are still separated from each other in terms of growth vigor, plant height, leaf color, flower bud height, flower bud color and the like. Selecting and selecting high-quality single plants according to the breeding target. And (4) carrying out bud period selfing and flowering period selfing pollination on the selected single plants at the same time, and measuring the self-incompatibility to obtain F4 generation seeds.
In the next season, seeds of F4 generation with strong cross incompatibility are sown, and 50 plants are planted in each material. Selecting stable strains such as plant growth vigor, plant height, leaf color, flower bud height, flower bud color and the like. Selecting and selecting high-quality single plants according to the breeding target. And (4) carrying out bud-stage selfing and flowering-stage selfing pollination on the selected single plants at the same time, and measuring the self-incompatibility to obtain F5-generation seeds.
In the next season, seeds of F5 generation with strong cross incompatibility are sown, and about 50 plants are planted in each material. The growth vigor, the height of the plants, the leaf color, the height of the bolts and the bolt color are relatively stable. Selecting and selecting high-quality single plants according to the breeding target. And (4) carrying out bud-stage selfing and flowering-stage selfing pollination on the selected single plants at the same time to obtain F6-generation seeds. And simultaneously, starting hybridization combination with other stable materials, and measuring the combining ability of different strains.
In the next season, F6 seeds are sown, and about 50 plants are planted in each material. The growth vigor, the height of the plants, the leaf color, the height of the bolts and the basic stability of the bolt color. According to the result of variety comparison test (combining ability determination), selecting and reserving single plants from the strains with the most outstanding combination performance of hybridization, and simultaneously carrying out bud period selfing and flowering period selfing pollination on the selected single plants to obtain F7 generation seeds. And (3) determining the self-incompatibility by heavy point, finding that the self-incompatibility of a single plant tends to be incompatible, and further determining the combining ability of different strains.
In the next season, F7 seeds are sown, and about 50 plants are planted in each material. According to the result of variety comparison test (combining ability determination), selecting the line with most outstanding combination performance of the cross. The affinity index of the system is determined by a round matching method, mixed seeds are reserved and used as original seeds, and the female parent self-incompatible line is bred.
The female parent self-incompatible line is bred to meet the requirements of stable characters and stable compatible indexes and meet the production requirements of seeds, so that the material purification is not limited to 7 generations and can meet the requirements from 4 generations to 10 generations.
In the breeding process, selection is performed around upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long bolts, regular bolting, good bolt type, tender, glutinous, sweet and high soluble solid content and the like.
(2) Male parent self-compatible system breeding process
Introducing the germplasm resource of the flowering Chinese cabbage, and planting 100 plants. Selecting single plants with thick and long bolting, good bolting type, tender, glutinous, sweet and high quality, and selfing to obtain seeds of F2 generation.
In the next season, F2 generations were sown, and 80 plants were established for each material. The growth vigor, the height of the plants, the leaf color, the height of the bolts and the color of the bolts tend to be stable. And selecting the individual plant with the optimal performance according to the growth condition of the plant to obtain F3 generation seeds. Simultaneously begin hybridization combinations with other stabilizing materials.
In the next season, F3 seeds are sown, and about 50 plants are planted in each material. The growth vigor, the height of the plants, the leaf color, the height of the bolts and the basic stability of the bolt color. According to the result of the variety comparison test (combining ability measurement), the single plant is selected from the lines with the most outstanding combination performance of the cross, and F4 generation seeds are obtained. And further hybridizing and combining with other stable materials.
In the next season, F4 seeds are sown, and about 50 plants are planted in each material. According to the result of variety comparison test (combining ability determination), selecting the line with most outstanding combination performance of the cross. The system is determined to be an affinity system, mixed and reserved seeds are used as original seeds. Breeding male parent self-compatible line.
The inbred line of the male parent should meet the requirements of stable characters and seed production, so the material purification is not limited to 4 generations, and the 4 to 10 generations can meet the requirements.
In the breeding process, selection is performed around upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long bolts, good bolt type, regular bolting, tender, glutinous, sweet and high soluble solid content and the like.
(3) First filial generation seed production
Cruciferous plants are not planted within 2-3 years, field planting fields with space isolation distance of more than 2000 meters are field planting according to the ratio of 1:1 of male parent and female parent, and first-filial generation seeds are produced by bee pollination in the flowering phase.
Specifically, taking the breeding process of the 'hopechungting 80' variety named by the company as an example:
'Wangchunting 80' is F1 variety bred by hybridization with self-incompatible line 'CT 9970' as female parent and self-compatible line 'CX 80' as male parent.
1. Female parent breeding process
Planting 100 Chinese cabbage (Guangdong early-maturing Chinese cabbage with flat bone) in Jiangmen City of Guangdong province in 2009; the variety is medium-mature, green in leaf color, white in petiole, early in bolting, thick in bolting, irregular in bolting and sweet in bolting taste; selecting 12 single plants with thick and long bolting, and selfing to obtain F2 generation seeds;
in the fall of 2010, the F2 generation (Material No. '99-1') planted 80 plants per material. The plants grow, the height, the leaf color, the height and the color of the flower shoots are separated violently. And (3) selecting 12 single plants with optimal performance according to the growth condition of the plants, simultaneously carrying out bud period selfing and flowering period selfing pollination on the selected single plants, and measuring the self-incompatibility to obtain F3 generation seeds.
In autumn 2011, F3 generations with strong self-incompatibility were sown, and 80 plants were planted in each material. The plants are still separated from each other in terms of growth vigor, plant height, leaf color, flower bud height, flower bud color and the like. Selecting 10 individuals from '99-1-4', performing bud-stage selfing and flowering-stage selfing pollination on the selected individuals at the same time, and measuring self-incompatibility to obtain F4-generation seeds.
In autumn of 2012, the seeds were sown in F4 generations as single plants with strong cross-incompatibility, and 50 plants were planted in each material. Selecting plants with stable growth vigor, plant height, leaf color, flower bud height, flower bud color and the like. Selecting 10 single plants from '99-1-4-3', selfing in bud stage and selfing and pollinating in flower stage simultaneously, and measuring self-incompatibility to obtain F5 generation of seeds.
In autumn of 2013, F5 seeds with strong self-incompatibility are sown, and about 50 plants are planted in each material. The growth vigor, the plant height, the leaf color, the bolting height and the bolting color of the plants are relatively stable. Selecting 8 single plants in the '99-1-4-3-2', and simultaneously carrying out bud period selfing and flowering period selfing pollination on the selected single plants in spring 2014 to obtain F6 generation seeds. And simultaneously, starting hybridization combination with other stable materials, and determining the combining ability of different strains.
In autumn 2014, seeds of F6 generation were sown, and about 50 plants were planted in each material. The growth vigor, the height of the plants, the leaf color, the height of the bolts and the basic stability of the bolt color. According to the results of variety comparison tests (determination of combining ability), the combination performance of the hybrid with the strain '99-1-4-3-2' is most outstanding. Selecting 8 single plants from '99-1-4-3-2-7', and performing bud-stage selfing and flowering-stage selfing pollination on selected plants in 2015 spring at the same time to obtain F7-generation seeds. The self-incompatibility is mainly measured, the self-incompatibility of a single plant is found to tend to be incompatible, and the combining ability of different strains is further measured.
In autumn of 2015, seeds of F7 generation were sown, and about 50 plants were planted in each material. According to the result of variety comparison test (measuring the combining ability), the combination performance of the hybrid with the strain '99-1-4-3-2-7' is most outstanding. In 2016, the system affinity index of '99-1-4-3-2-7-0' is determined to be 0.245 by a rotation method, and the mixed seeds are reserved as original seeds. The female parent self-incompatible line 'CT 9970' is bred. The main characteristic features of the system are as follows: medium-high plants, oval leaves, medium leaf color and the like, upright plant types, light green flower shoots, regular bolting and the flower shoots are about 35-40cm high.
In the breeding process, selection is performed around upright plant type, small leaves, thick stems, long stems, regular bolting, fragrant and sweet quality, high soluble solid content and the like.
2. Male parent breeding process
100 local cultivars' 80-day-late flowering Chinese (CX80, 80-day-extra-green-late flowering Chinese) in Guangdong province were planted in 2012. The variety is late-maturing, has oily green leaf color and green petiole, and is glossy and long in bolting, irregular in bolting and long in bolting. Selecting 12 single plants with thick and long bolting, and selfing to obtain F2 generation seeds.
Planting 80 plants of each material of the F2 generation in autumn of 2013; the growth vigor, the height of the plants, the leaf color, the height of the bolts and the bolt color tend to be stable. According to the plant growth condition, 13 individuals with optimal performance are selected at CX 80-1', and F3 generation seeds are obtained. Simultaneously begin hybridization combinations with other stabilizing materials.
In autumn 2014, seeds of F3 generation were sown, and about 50 plants were planted in each material. The growth vigor, the height of the plants, the leaf color, the height of the bolts and the basic stability of the bolt color. The combination with the hybrid of line 'CX 80-1' performed most prominently according to the results of the variety comparison test (the measurement of combining ability). 9 individuals were selected and retained from ` CX80-1-5 ` to obtain F4 generation seeds. And further hybridizing and combining with other stable materials.
In autumn of 2015, seeds of F4 generation were sown, and about 50 plants were planted in each material. The combination with the hybrid of line 'CX 80-1-5' performed most prominently according to the results of the variety comparison test (the measurement of the binding power). The 'CX 80-1-5-1' is determined to be an affinity line in the spring of the next year after F4 generation seeds are sown, and mixed and reserved as an original seed. Male parent self-compatible line CX 80'. The main characteristic features of the system are as follows: medium-high plants, narrow oval leaves, green leaves, upright plant types, oily green flower shoots, neat and regular flower shoots, and the flower shoots are about 35-40cm high.
In the breeding process, selection is performed around upright plant type, small leaves, thick stems, long stems, regular bolting, fragrant and sweet quality, high soluble solid content and the like.
In 2016, combination matching is carried out according to breeding targets, and the combining ability of different strains is tested. Through variety comparison tests and productivity tests for 2 years, the combination of 'CT 9970X CX 80' is screened out to have excellent performance.
In 2018, the hybrid rice is named as ' hopechungting ' 80 ', and the hybrid rice starts to demonstrate and test seeds in Zhejiang, Shanghai, Sichuan, Fujian and other places, has the characteristics of strong growth potential and middle and late maturity, and is harvested 80-100 days after sowing. The plant type is upright, the leaf color is medium green, the number of leaves is small, the color of the young sprout is medium green, wax powder exists, the height of the young sprout is 40-60cm, the thickness of the young sprout is about 3.5cm, the quality of the young sprout is 250g, and the young sprout is fragrant, waxy, fresh and sweet in quality. The main characters are shown in a product diagram actually photographed in an attached drawing 1, and the Chinese cabbage has obvious advantages in growth potential, length and thickness of the stems and the like compared with the existing Chinese cabbage (an attached drawing 2), the quality detection report of the Chinese cabbage heart of the company ' Wangchunting 80 ' and Dongguan three-dimensional inner sloping head (sweet crisp 70) is shown as an example (detailed in a table 1-2), and the content of the Wangchunting 80 ' in protein, soluble sugar, vitamin C, dry matter, amino acid total amount and the like is obviously higher than that of the Chinese cabbage heart of Dongguan three-dimensional inner sloping head (sweet crisp 70), particularly the content of the protein, soluble sugar, vitamin C, dry matter and glutamic acid; fig. 3 shows that the height of the bolting prepared by the embodiment of the application is obviously higher than that of the traditional bolting.
The obtained bolting table has the following specific parameters:
TABLE 1 comparison of Performance parameters of the bolts of the examples of the present application with those of the existing bolts
The detection instrument is as follows: 2300kjeltec Analyzer Unit automatic azotometer; SYKAM433D amino acid analyzer, etc.
Table 2 results of amino acid content detection of flowering Chinese cabbage and current flowering Chinese cabbage in examples of the present application
The detection results fully show that the method obtains the bolting with the characteristics, and overcomes the defects that the bolting is short, thin, light in flavor and not tender, sweet and not enough in quality in the traditional method of selecting and combining the bolting and a variety of the bolting, measuring the combining ability and screening out excellent first filial generation bolting; the obtained flowering Chinese cabbage has excellent performances no matter the content of protein amino acid, the content of dry matter and crude fiber, the content of soluble sugar and vitamin C are obviously higher than those of the flowering Chinese cabbage on the existing market, and the excellent performances are obtained by the specific breeding method.
In the scheme, the self-incompatible line 'CT 9970' belongs to the subspecies of common Chinese cabbage of non-heading Chinese cabbage, and the self-incompatible line 'CX 80' as a male parent belongs to the subspecies of flowering Chinese cabbage of non-heading Chinese cabbage.
In the above scheme, the inbred line: the inbred line is an inbred progeny system which is produced by a single plant through continuous inbred and strict selection for a plurality of generations, has uniform and consistent properties, homozygous genotype and stable heredity. Self-incompatibility: the self-incompatibility refers to the characteristics that the male and female sexual organs of the amphoteric flower plant are normal, the pollination among different genotypes can normally bear the seed, but the self-crossing in the flowering period can not bear the seed or the seed bearing rate is extremely low. Male sterility: in the amphoterics, the phenomenon of degeneration, malformation, or loss of function of the male organs is called male sterility. Male sterile line: for heritable male sterility, a system with stable sterility can be bred through breeding, namely a male sterile line. The combining ability is as follows: the combining ability is also called combining ability, and is an index for measuring the quality or strength of a certain character (such as yield or other shapes) in F1 matched by the parent line.
In the specific embodiment, the numbers of the products are all conventional breeding processes in the industry, and the person skilled in the art can understand the numbers in order to distinguish the product sources screened out in different breeding generations.
Claims (3)
1. A novel breeding method of high-quality first-filial generation young Chinese flowering cabbage is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) female parent self-incompatible line system breeding process
Introducing germplasm resources of common Chinese cabbages, planting, screening single plants by taking the upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long bolts, regular bolting, good bolt type, tender, glutinous and sweet quality and high soluble solid content as standards, and selfing to obtain F2 generation seeds;
sowing seeds of F2 generation in the next season, planting, screening single plants by taking the standard of upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long stems, regular bolting, good stem type, tender, glutinous, fragrant and sweet quality and high soluble solid matter as standards, simultaneously performing bud period selfing and flowering period selfing pollination on the selected single plants, and determining self-incompatibility to obtain seeds of F3 generation;
in the next season, F3 generation seeds with strong cross incompatibility are selected for sowing, field planting is carried out, and single plants are screened according to the standards of upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long bolts, regular bolting, good bolt type, tender, glutinous and sweet quality and high soluble solid content; selfing and selfing pollination are simultaneously carried out on the selected single plants in the bud period and the flower period, and the self-incompatibility is measured to obtain F4 generation seeds;
in the next season, F4 generation seeds with strong cross incompatibility are selected for sowing, field planting is carried out, and single plants are screened according to the standards of upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long bolts, regular bolting, good bolt type, tender, glutinous and sweet quality and high soluble solid content; selfing and selfing pollination are simultaneously carried out on the selected single plants in the bud period and the flower period, and the self-incompatibility is measured to obtain F5 generation seeds;
in the next season, F5 generation seeds with strong cross incompatibility are selected for sowing, field planting is carried out, and single plants are screened according to the standards of upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long bolts, regular bolting, good bolt type, tender, glutinous and sweet quality and high soluble solid content; selfing and selfing pollination are simultaneously carried out on the selected single plants in the bud period and the flower period, and the self-incompatibility is measured to obtain F6 generation seeds; simultaneously, starting hybridization combination with other stable materials, and determining the matching of different strains;
sowing seeds of F6 generation in the next season, and planting; according to the variety comparison test result, selecting and reserving a single plant from the strains with the most outstanding combination performance of hybridization, and simultaneously carrying out bud-stage selfing and flowering-stage selfing pollination on the selected single plant to obtain F7 generation seeds; the self-incompatibility is measured, the self-incompatibility of a single plant is found to be mostly approximate to the incompatibility, the combining ability of different strains is further measured, the female parent self-incompatible line is bred to meet the requirements of stable properties and stable affinity index and meet the seed production requirement;
sowing seeds of F7 generation in the next season, and planting; selecting a strain with the most outstanding combination performance of the hybridization according to the result of the variety comparison test; measuring the system affinity index by adopting a round matching method, mixing and reserving seeds, taking the seeds as original seeds, and breeding a female parent self-incompatible line;
(2) male parent self-compatible system breeding process
Introducing a germplasm resource of a flowering Chinese cabbage, planting, screening single plants by taking the standard of upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long stems, regular bolting, good stem type, tender, glutinous, sweet and high soluble solid as standard, and selfing to obtain seeds of F2 generation;
sowing F2 generations in the next season, field planting, screening single plants by taking the standard of upright plant type, small leaves, thick and long bolts, regular bolting, good bolt type, tender, sticky, fragrant and sweet quality and high soluble solid content as standards to obtain F3 generation seeds, and simultaneously starting hybridization combination with other stable materials;
sowing seeds of F3 generation in the next season, and planting; according to the result of variety combining ability determination, the male parent inbred line is bred to meet stable characters and meet the seed production requirement, and according to the result of variety comparison test, a single plant is selected from the strains with the most outstanding combination performance of hybridization to obtain F4 generation seeds; further hybridizing and combining with other stable materials;
sowing seeds of F4 generation in the next season, and planting; selecting a strain with the most outstanding combination performance of hybridization according to the measuring result of the variety combining ability; determining that the system is an affinity system, mixing and reserving seeds as original seeds; breeding male parent self-compatible line;
(3) first filial generation seed production
In 2-3 years, cruciferous plants are not planted, field planting fields with space isolation distance of more than 2000 meters are formed, male parents and female parents are field planting, and the first filial generation of flowering seeds are obtained through bee pollination production in the flowering period.
2. The novel breeding method of the high-quality first-filial generation bolting dish according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ratio of the male parent to the female parent for field planting is 1: 1.
3. The novel breeding method of the high-quality first-filial generation bolting dish according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the process of breeding male parent and female parent, the purification generations have no difference or difference.
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| CN105210850A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-01-06 | 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of method for creating viewing and admiring tender flower stalk germ plasm resource |
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| CN105210850A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-01-06 | 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of method for creating viewing and admiring tender flower stalk germ plasm resource |
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