CN111180870A - Antenna radiation unit, base station antenna and antenna index adjusting method - Google Patents
Antenna radiation unit, base station antenna and antenna index adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111180870A CN111180870A CN202010011367.9A CN202010011367A CN111180870A CN 111180870 A CN111180870 A CN 111180870A CN 202010011367 A CN202010011367 A CN 202010011367A CN 111180870 A CN111180870 A CN 111180870A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas and discloses an antenna radiation unit, a base station antenna and an antenna index adjusting method, wherein the antenna radiation unit comprises a low-frequency radiation unit; the low-frequency radiation unit comprises four radiation arms which are distributed in a central symmetry mode, gaps are formed between every two adjacent radiation arms, the four radiation arms form four gaps, a feed cable is arranged at each gap, and the feed cable is connected with the radiation arms on two sides simultaneously. According to the antenna radiation unit, the base station antenna and the antenna index adjusting method, the section of the low-frequency radiation unit is lower under the same radiation performance, the structure is simpler, the weight is lighter, and the cost is lower; and the +/-45-degree cross polarization is formed by multiplexing the oscillator arms, the low-frequency radiation unit improves the oscillator performance by multiplexing the radiation arms, reduces the section of the oscillator and reduces the influence on the high-frequency oscillator under the condition of not influencing other performances of the antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to an antenna radiation unit, a base station antenna, and an antenna index adjustment method.
Background
The radiating element is the main part of the antenna, and can directionally receive and transmit electromagnetic waves, thereby realizing wireless communication. The dual-polarized radiation unit can realize polarization diversity and can work in a receiving-transmitting duplex mode, so that the number and the occupied space of the antennas are greatly reduced.
At present, the integration level of multi-frequency antennas in the industry is higher and higher, and oscillators with different frequency bands are arranged in a limited space. The existing bowl-mounted nested low-frequency oscillator has too high height, influences the radiation performance of the high-frequency oscillator, and has a complex structure of a scheme for lifting the high-frequency oscillator in the bowl. Therefore, the low-frequency oscillator with a simple structure and small influence on high frequency is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna radiation unit, a base station antenna and an antenna index adjusting method, which are used for solving or partially solving the problems that the existing low-frequency radiation unit is complex in structure and has large influence on high frequency.
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna radiation unit, which comprises a low-frequency radiation unit; the low-frequency radiation unit comprises four radiation arms which are distributed in a central symmetry mode, gaps are formed between every two adjacent radiation arms, the number of the radiation arms is four, feed cables are arranged at the positions of the gaps, and the feed cables are connected with the radiation arms on two sides simultaneously.
On the basis of the scheme, the four feed cables are fixedly connected with the four radiation arms in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
On the basis of the scheme, two circumferentially spaced feed cables in the four feed cables are divided into two groups, and each group of feed cables is connected with one power distribution box.
On the basis of the scheme, the bottom surface of the radiation arm is provided with a folded edge, and the feed cable is fixedly connected with the folded edge.
On the basis of the scheme, a buckle is arranged in the gap and is respectively connected with the two radiation arms on the two sides.
On the basis of the scheme, the radiation arms are isosceles right triangles, and the bevel edges are positioned on the outer sides.
On the basis of the scheme, the four radiation arms are connected at the central part to form a connecting platform.
On the basis of the scheme, the device also comprises a high-frequency radiation unit; the high-frequency radiation unit is fixed at the central part of the connecting platform.
The embodiment of the invention provides a base station antenna which comprises the antenna radiation unit.
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna index adjusting method based on the antenna radiation unit, which comprises the following steps: the input impedance of the antenna is adjusted by adjusting the width and/or length of the slot, the position of the feed cable at the slot, and the length of the feed cable.
The antenna radiation unit, the base station antenna and the antenna index adjusting method provided by the embodiment of the invention have the advantages that the radiation arms of the low-frequency radiation unit are of a plane structure and feed electricity at the gaps among the radiation arms, the four radiation arms are distributed in a centrosymmetric manner, the installation space can be effectively and fully utilized, and a larger radiation arm area can be realized in a limited space;
the low-frequency radiation unit main body is provided with two groups of radiation arms which are symmetrically distributed, one group of feed cables positioned on the same straight line are used for feeding respectively, meanwhile, the other group of feed cables positioned on the same straight line are used for feeding respectively through multiplexing of the oscillator arms at orthogonal positions to form +/-45-degree cross polarization, the low-frequency radiation unit improves oscillator performance through multiplexing of the radiation arms, and under the condition that other performances of the antenna are not influenced, the section of the oscillator is reduced, and the influence on the high-frequency oscillator is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a first schematic top view of a low-frequency radiating element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom schematic view of a low frequency radiating element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a second schematic top view of a low frequency radiating element according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of coaxial connection of a low-frequency radiating element and a high-frequency radiating element in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
wherein, 1, a radiation arm; 2. a gap; 3. a feeder cable; 4. connecting the platform; 5. buckling; 6. folding edges; 7. a support pillar; 8. a high-frequency radiation unit; 101. a first radiating arm; 102. a second radiating arm; 103. a third radiating arm; 104. a fourth radiation arm; 301. a first cable; 302. a second cable; 303. a third cable; 304. and a fourth cable.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna radiation unit, and referring to fig. 1, the antenna radiation unit includes a low-frequency radiation unit; the low-frequency radiation unit comprises four radiation arms 1 which are distributed in a central symmetry mode, gaps 2 are arranged between every two adjacent radiation arms 1, the four radiation arms 1 form the four gaps 2, referring to fig. 2, a feed cable 3 is arranged at each gap 2, and the feed cable 3 is connected with the radiation arms 1 on two sides simultaneously.
In the antenna radiation unit provided by the embodiment, the radiation arms 1 of the low-frequency radiation unit are in a planar structure, feed is performed at the gaps 2 between the radiation arms 1, the four radiation arms 1 are in central symmetry distribution, the installation space can be effectively and fully utilized, and a larger area of the radiation arm 1 can be realized in a limited space, compared with the existing low-frequency radiation unit radiation arm 1, the area is larger, so that the section is lower under the same radiation performance, the structure is simpler, the weight is lighter, and the cost is lower;
the low-frequency radiation unit main body is provided with two groups of radiation arms 1, the two groups of radiation arms 1 are symmetrically distributed, one group of feed cables 3 positioned on the same straight line are used for feeding respectively, meanwhile, the other group of feed cables 3 positioned on the same straight line are used for feeding respectively through multiplexing of the oscillator arms at orthogonal positions, and +/-45-degree cross polarization is formed.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the low frequency radiating element body includes a first radiating arm 101, a second radiating arm 102, a third radiating arm 103, and a fourth radiating arm 104 in a circumferential direction. The four radiating arms form four slots 2, and four feed cables 3 are correspondingly arranged. The four feeder cables 3 include a first cable 301, a second cable 302, a third cable 303, and a fourth cable 304 in this order in the circumferential direction.
The radiation unit body can divide the first radiation arm 101 and the second radiation arm 102 into one group, and divide the third radiation arm 103 and the fourth radiation arm 104 into one group, and the two groups of radiation arms are symmetrically distributed; at this time, the two sets of radiating arms are respectively fed by a set of first cable 301 and third cable 303 disposed along the same axial direction. Meanwhile, through oscillator arm multiplexing, the first radiation arm 101 and the fourth radiation arm 104 can be divided into one group, the second radiation arm 102 and the third radiation arm 103 are divided into one group, and the two groups of radiation arms are also symmetrically distributed; at this time, the two sets of radiating arms constitute another polarized dipole arm, and are fed by another set of coaxial second cable 302 and fourth cable 304 at orthogonal positions, respectively, to form ± 45 ° cross polarization.
Further, two adjacent radiating arms 1 are connectable where the feeder cable 3 is provided, so that the feeder cable 3 is connected to two adjacent radiating arms 1 at the same time.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, referring to fig. 2, four feeder cables 3 are connected and fixed to four radiating arms in a one-to-one correspondence manner. Each radiating arm 1 may be connected to a feeder cable 3, and the feeder cable 3 may be fixed.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, two feeder cables 3 at intervals among the four feeder cables 3 are grouped into two groups, and each group of feeder cables 3 is connected to one power distribution box. I.e. two feeder cables 3 located on the same straight line are connected to one power distribution box. So as to form +/-45-degree cross polarization. Two feeder cables 3 at intervals, namely two feeder cables 3 which are not adjacent, namely two feeder cables 3 which are separated.
On the basis of the above embodiment, furthermore, a folded edge 6 is provided on the bottom surface of the radiation arm 1, and the feed cable 3 is connected and fixed to the folded edge 6. The fold 6 is the side that is perpendicularly connected to the bottom surface of the radiation arm 1. The flange 6 is arranged at one side of the radiating arm 1, namely the flange 6 is arranged at the side of the slot 2, so that the feed cable 3 can be conveniently fixed at the slot 2. The feeder cable 3 is connected to the flange 6 by welding.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, referring to fig. 3, a buckle 5 is arranged in the gap 2, and the buckle 5 is respectively connected with the two radiation arms 1 on the two sides. The buckle 5 is connected with the radiation arms 1 on two sides in the gap 2, so that the distance between the radiation arms 1 and the gap 2 can be kept, the effect of stabilizing the structure is achieved, the medium loading effect can be achieved, and the radiation performance of the radiation unit can be adjusted.
Further, the catch 5 may be a plastic catch 5. The buckle 5 can be provided with a clamping groove on each of two sides, and the clamping grooves on the two sides are correspondingly connected and fixed with the side edges of the radiation arms 1 on the two sides in a clamping manner.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the radiation arm 1 is an isosceles right triangle, and the hypotenuse is located at the outer side. At this time, the four radiation arms 1 are spliced to form a square, so that the whole occupied space can be reduced, a larger radiation arm 1 volume can be realized in a limited space, and the effect of reducing the section is achieved.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, referring to fig. 3, four radiation arms 1 are connected at the central portion to form a connection platform 4.
Further, the radiation arm 1 of the low frequency radiation unit can be arranged on the reflection plate through a support column 7. Specifically, the bottom surface of each radiation arm 1 is connected with a support column 7, and the support column 7 is fixedly connected with the reflection surface. The connection can be fixed by screws.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, referring to fig. 4, an antenna radiation unit further includes a high-frequency radiation unit 8; the high-frequency radiation unit 8 is fixed to the center of the connection platform 4. The four radiation arms 1 are connected at the central part to form a connecting platform 4, so that the connection of the four radiation arms 1 can be realized, the stability of the whole structure is improved, a high-frequency radiation unit 8 can be conveniently arranged, and the coaxial connection between high frequency and low frequency can be realized.
The embodiment proposes that the high frequency oscillator, i.e. the high frequency radiating element 8, can be mounted on the intermediate connection platform 4 of the low frequency radiating element, forming a coaxial mounting structure. When the high-frequency oscillator and the low-frequency oscillator are coaxially mounted, the low-frequency radiation unit can not only radiate low-frequency electromagnetic waves, but also be used as a reflecting plate of the high-frequency oscillator, so that the structural complexity is greatly reduced by recycling materials; when the high-frequency oscillator and the low-frequency oscillator are coaxially mounted, the low-frequency radiating unit is lower than the middle high-frequency oscillator, and the influence between the high frequency oscillator and the low frequency oscillator is reduced to the maximum extent. The low-frequency radiation unit has a simple structure, can be manufactured by using a base sheet metal process, and has low cost.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, further, the present embodiment provides a base station antenna, which includes the antenna radiation unit described in any of the foregoing embodiments.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, further, this embodiment provides an antenna index adjusting method based on the antenna radiation unit in any of the foregoing embodiments, where the method includes: the input impedance of the antenna is adjusted by adjusting the width and/or length of the slot 2, the position of the feed cable 3 at the slot 2 and the length of the feed cable 3.
Further, the operating frequency of the low-frequency radiating element in each of the above embodiments is less than 960 MHz; the operating frequency of the high-frequency radiating element 8 is greater than 1490 MHz.
On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the embodiment provides a low-profile flat-plate-shaped low-frequency radiating element and a coaxial mounting structure for solving the problems that the low-frequency element has too large influence on the high-frequency element and has a complex structure in the conventional high-low frequency nested coaxial scheme of the multi-frequency antenna, wherein the low-frequency radiating element includes a radiating element main body, a supporting column 7 and a feeder cable 3. The radiation unit main body is composed of two groups of triangular dipoles, namely radiation arms 1, and the two groups of dipoles are symmetrically distributed.
The radiating element main body is composed of two pairs of dipoles, the oscillator arms of the pairs of dipoles are isosceles right triangles, the bevel edges are outward, the middle parts of the oscillator arms are connected together, and the oscillator arms are fed by the thin seams between the oscillator arms. In the embodiment, the height of the vibrator is only 35mm within the range of 690MHz-960MHz, and is equivalent to the height of a high-frequency vibrator, compared with the existing same-frequency vibrator, the section is reduced by nearly 55%, and the structure is simpler.
Two sets of triangular dipole-dipole arms form a slit therebetween, and a set of coaxial first and third cables 301 and 303 are respectively fed at two diagonal slits. Fed separately by another set of coaxial second 302 and fourth 304 cables at two orthogonal slots.
The four vibrator arms are connected in the middle to form a connecting platform 4 for fixing the high-frequency vibrator. And plastic buckles 5 for stabilizing the structure are arranged on the four thin seams of the vibrator arm. Four thin seams of the vibrator arm are provided with folded edges 6, and the feed cable 3 is welded on the folded edges 6. The support columns 7 are composed of four cylinders, the material of the support columns can be metal or nonmetal, and the low-frequency radiation unit main body is fixed on the reflecting plate through screws. The feed cable 3 consists of four 75 omega cables, and the cables on the same straight line are connected to a power distribution box.
The back surface of the low-frequency radiating unit is provided with a feed cable 3 and a support column 7, the four 75 omega feed cables 3 are respectively welded on the folded edge 6 structures of the four fine seam edges, and cables at opposite angles are welded on the same power distribution box to form +/-45-degree cross polarization. Adjusting the position of the solder joint on the slot, i.e. along the length of the slot, and the length of the feeder cable 3, changes the input impedance. The four support columns 7 are respectively fixed on the vibrator arms and made of plastic or metal.
A coaxial mounting structure of a radiating element comprises a low-frequency radiating element and a high-frequency oscillator fixed on an intermediate connecting platform 4. A slit is formed between the triangular oscillator arms, an oscillator buckle 5 is arranged on the slit between the oscillator arms, the oscillator buckle 5 can keep the distance between the slits between the oscillator arms, the structure is stable, the medium loading effect is achieved, and the radiation performance of the radiation unit is adjusted. The oscillator arms are connected in the middle to form a platform for fixing the high-frequency oscillator. Wherein, the size and the length of the adjustment slit can play a role in adjusting the input impedance. The size of the slit is the width of the slit, i.e. the distance between two adjacent radiating surfaces.
The traditional base station antenna element is formed by evolution of a dipole pair, the element performance is improved by changing the shape of an oscillator arm, but due to the limitation of dual polarization, the expansion space of the oscillator arm is limited, and the limitation can be broken through by multiplexing the oscillator arm in the embodiment, so that the purposes of widening the bandwidth and reducing the section are achieved. The low-frequency radiation unit of the embodiment has the advantages of low profile, simple structure and light weight, can reduce the cost of the antenna, can ensure the radiation performance index of the antenna, and meets the requirements of customers. The antenna is applied to a multi-frequency antenna, has small influence on a high-frequency oscillator, and is particularly suitable for a multi-frequency base station antenna with a nested array of low-frequency units and high-frequency units.
The high-frequency oscillator is installed on the middle platform of the low-frequency radiating unit, the oscillator arm of the low-frequency radiating unit can be used as a reflecting plate of the high-frequency oscillator, and compared with the existing coaxial scheme of raising the high-frequency oscillator, the coaxial installing structure provided by the embodiment removes the reflecting plate of the high-frequency oscillator, innovatively uses the low-frequency oscillator as the reflecting plate of the high-frequency oscillator, materials are recycled, and process complexity and cost are reduced.
The coaxial mounting structure can support 1490-2700MHz broadband vibrator combination, compared with the existing coaxial mounting platform, the 35mm high low-frequency vibrator has the lowest influence on the vibrator outside the embedded sleeve or inside the embedded sleeve, thereby improving the directional diagram index, saving the original complex debugging parts and reducing the cost.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna radiation element is characterized by comprising a low-frequency radiation element; the low-frequency radiation unit comprises four radiation arms which are distributed in a central symmetry mode, gaps are formed between every two adjacent radiation arms, the number of the radiation arms is four, feed cables are arranged at the positions of the gaps, and the feed cables are connected with the radiation arms on two sides simultaneously.
2. The antenna radiating element of claim 1, wherein four of the feeder cables are fixedly connected to four of the radiating arms in a one-to-one correspondence.
3. The antenna radiating element of claim 1, wherein two circumferentially spaced feeder cables of the four feeder cables are grouped into two groups, each group being connected to a power splitting box.
4. The antenna radiating element according to claim 2, wherein a folded edge is provided on a bottom surface of the radiating arm, and the feeder cable is connected and fixed to the folded edge.
5. The antenna radiation unit according to claim 1, wherein a buckle is disposed in the slot, and the buckle is connected to the two radiation arms on two sides respectively.
6. The antenna radiating element of claim 1, wherein the radiating arm is an isosceles right triangle with the hypotenuse on the outside.
7. The antenna radiating element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein four radiating arms are connected at a central portion to form a connecting platform.
8. The antenna radiating element according to claim 7, further comprising a high frequency radiating element; the high-frequency radiation unit is fixed at the central part of the connecting platform.
9. A base station antenna comprising an antenna radiating element according to any of claims 1-8.
10. An antenna index adjusting method based on the antenna radiation unit of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
the input impedance of the antenna is adjusted by adjusting the width and/or length of the slot, the position of the feed cable at the slot, and the length of the feed cable.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010011367.9A CN111180870B (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-01-06 | Antenna radiation unit, base station antenna and antenna index adjusting method |
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| CN202010011367.9A CN111180870B (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-01-06 | Antenna radiation unit, base station antenna and antenna index adjusting method |
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| CN111180870A true CN111180870A (en) | 2020-05-19 |
| CN111180870B CN111180870B (en) | 2021-11-23 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112467348A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉虹信科技发展有限责任公司 | Multi-frequency coplanar oscillator and base station antenna |
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| CN112467348A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉虹信科技发展有限责任公司 | Multi-frequency coplanar oscillator and base station antenna |
| CN112467348B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2023-07-18 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Multifrequency coplane oscillator and base station antenna |
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|---|---|
| CN111180870B (en) | 2021-11-23 |
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