CN115241635A

CN115241635A - GNSS antenna

Info

Publication number: CN115241635A
Application number: CN202210957758.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖展军; 秦雪雪; 陈汝承; 刘培涛; 卜斌龙
Original assignee: Jingxin RF Technology Guangzhou Co ltd; Guangzhou Institute of Technology of Xidian University
Current assignee: Jingxin RF Technology Guangzhou Co ltd; Guangzhou Institute of Technology of Xidian University
Priority date: 2022-08-10
Filing date: 2022-08-10
Publication date: 2022-10-25

Abstract

The invention relates to a GNSS antenna, which comprises a radiation part and a feed part. The radiation part and the feed part are electrically connected and integrally formed by a metal plate. The feed portion includes four branches. The first end of branch knot links to each other with radiation portion, the second end of branch knot for radiation portion's radiating surface is from outside to inside downwardly extending. The branch node is provided with a feed edge or a feed plate surface which is back to the radiation part and takes a zigzag shape. On one hand, the radiation part and the feed part are obtained by adopting a metal plate integral forming process, so that processes such as welding between the radiation part and the feed part are omitted, and the feed-type radio frequency identification device has the advantages of simple production process, low cost and the like; on the other hand, a large number of simulations show that when the branch node is provided with the feed edge or the feed plate surface which is back to the radiation part and is in a zigzag shape, the feed edge or the feed plate surface is coupled with the floor to feed to form a capacitor, so that the broadband can be increased.

Description

GNSS antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a GNSS antenna.

Background

GNSS refers to Global Navigation Satellite System (Global Navigation Satellite System), and a GNSS antenna is a terminal antenna that receives Satellite signals. In view of the important influence of the satellite navigation system on the people's county, the research of GNSS as a high place of high-tech competition is very important for all countries. Because the GNSS signal is a circularly polarized signal, the GNSS antenna needs to be specially designed, and due to various complex application environments, the interference of the GNSS antenna by the surrounding environment is large, and the requirements of various performances and indexes are more severe than those of the terminal equipment.

Conventionally, common GNSS antennas are patch antennas, helical antennas, cross dipole antennas, monopole antenna arrays, and the like. Compared with other GNSS antennas, the patch antenna has the advantages of low profile, light weight, small volume and the like. However, the patch antenna has a disadvantage of narrow bandwidth. The traditional method for solving the problem of narrow bandwidth of the patch antenna mainly adopts a multi-layer patch structure, each layer of patch works in different frequency bands respectively, but the multi-layer patch structure increases the section height of the antenna. Another way to achieve miniaturization without affecting the bandwidth of the antenna is to use high dielectric constant materials, such as ceramics. However, the ceramic antenna has the problems of high cost and complex production process.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, there is a need to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a GNSS antenna that can achieve increased bandwidth while ensuring high production efficiency and low cost.

The technical scheme is as follows: a GNSS antenna comprising:

the antenna comprises a radiation part and a feed part, wherein the radiation part and the feed part are electrically connected and integrally formed by adopting a metal plate, and the feed part comprises four branches; the first end of the branch is connected with the radiation part, the second end of the branch extends downwards from outside to inside relative to the radiation surface of the radiation part, and the branch is provided with a feed edge or a feed plate surface which faces away from the radiation part and is in a zigzag shape.

In one embodiment, the first end of the branch is connected with the outer edge of the radiation surface; the projection of the second end of the branch node in the direction perpendicular to the radiation surface is positioned in the middle area of the radiation surface.

In one embodiment, the first end is spaced from a central axis of the radiating portion by a distance greater than a distance between the second end and the central axis; and/or the zigzag shape is one or more of a combination of circular arc, elliptic arc, parabola, ladder, zigzag, S-shaped and W-shaped.

In one embodiment, four windows are arranged on the radiation part, and the four windows are adapted to the shapes of the four branches.

In one embodiment, the stub is a planar plate having the feed edge; the plate surface of the branch knot and the radiation surface of the radiation part form an included angle.

In one embodiment, the branches are plate members in a zigzag shape; the zigzag-shaped board has the feeding board surface.

In one embodiment, the radiating surface of the radiating portion is polygonal or circular.

In one embodiment, the GNSS antenna further includes a feed network board located below the radiating section; the feed network board comprises a dielectric substrate and a floor connected above the dielectric substrate, the floor is coupled with the feed part, the radiation part and the feed part are positioned on the same side of the floor, and the dielectric substrate is positioned on the other side of the floor; the feeding edge or the feeding plate surface and the floor form a gap, and the gap tends to increase from the second end to the first end.

In one embodiment, four feeding points are arranged on the dielectric substrate, and the second ends of the four branches penetrate through the floor respectively and are electrically connected with the four feeding points in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

In one embodiment, four avoidance grooves are formed in the floor, and four slots corresponding to the four avoidance grooves are formed in the medium substrate; the four avoidance grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four second ends; the second end correspondingly penetrates through the avoidance groove, and intervals are arranged between the second end and the circumferential side wall of the avoidance groove; the second end is also inserted into and fixed in the slot.

In one embodiment, the GNSS antenna further includes a plurality of boundary plates circumferentially provided to peripheral regions of the radiating section and the feeding section; the boundary plates are sequentially arranged at intervals and are electrically connected with the floor; at least one side surface of the boundary plate is a metal surface.

In one embodiment, the number of the boundary plates is four, and the boundary plates are metal plates in the shape of circular arcs.

On one hand, the GNSS antenna is obtained by adopting the sheet metal integral forming process for the radiation part and the feed part, so that the processes of welding and the like between the radiation part and the feed part are omitted, and the GNSS antenna has the advantages of simple production process, low cost and the like; on the other hand, a large number of simulations show that when the branch node is provided with the feed edge or the feed plate surface which is back to the radiation part and is in a zigzag shape, the feed edge or the feed plate surface is coupled with the floor to feed to form a capacitor, so that the broadband can be increased.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the GNSS antenna of FIG. 1 with a hidden boundary plate;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the GNSS antenna of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a top view of the GNSS antenna shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view at A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a feeding network board of the GNSS antenna shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a GNSS antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a top view of the GNSS antenna shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view at B-B of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a GNSS antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a GNSS antenna according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of a simulation of standing waves for the GNSS antenna of FIG. 1;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating gain simulation of the GNSS antenna of FIG. 1;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating an axial ratio beamwidth of 1.164, 1.221, and 1.278GHz of the GNSS antenna of FIG. 1;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating the 1.557, 1.5845 and 1.612GHz axial ratio beamwidths of the GNSS antenna shown in FIG. 1.

10. A radiation section; 11. a window; 20. a feeding section; 21. branch knots; 211. a first end; 212. a second end; 213. a feeding edge; 214. a feeding board surface; 30. a feed network board; 31. a dielectric substrate; 311. a slot; 32. a floor; 321. an avoidance groove; 40. and a boundary plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, as those skilled in the art will recognize without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, fig. 1 isbase:Sub>A schematic structural diagram ofbase:Sub>A GNSS antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic structural diagram of the GNSS antenna shown in fig. 1 withbase:Sub>A hidden boundary plate 40, fig. 3 is an exploded structural diagram of the GNSS antenna shown in fig. 1, fig. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic structural diagram of the GNSS antenna shown in fig. 1 viewed from above, and fig. 5 isbase:Sub>A schematic structural diagram of fig. 4 taken inbase:Sub>A cross-section atbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A. An embodiment of the present invention provides a GNSS antenna, including: a radiating section 10 and a feeding section 20. The radiation part 10 and the feeding part 20 are electrically connected and integrally formed by a metal plate. The feeding section 20 includes four branches 21. The first end 211 of the branch 21 is connected to the radiating portion 10, and the second end 212 of the branch 21 extends downward from the outside to the inside with respect to the radiating surface of the radiating portion 10. The branch 21 is provided with a feed edge 213 (as shown in fig. 2) or a feed plate surface 214 (as shown in fig. 7) facing away from the radiation part 10 and having a meandering shape.

The term "from outside to inside" in the above-mentioned "from outside to inside downward" refers to a direction from the outer edge to the center of the radiation surface, and may be, for example, a radial direction absolutely along the radiation surface, and may also allow an angular offset having a certain amplitude with the radial direction of the radiation surface, where the offset angle includes, but is not limited to, 5 °,10 °, 30 °, and the like, and is not specifically limited herein, and the offset angle may be adjusted and set according to actual requirements. Further, "downward" refers to a direction toward the lower area of the radiation part 10, that is, a direction toward the floor 32.

On one hand, the GNSS antenna is obtained by integrally forming the radiation part 10 and the feed part 20 by using a metal plate, so that processes such as welding between the radiation part 10 and the feed part 20 are omitted, and the GNSS antenna has the advantages of simple production process, low cost and the like; on the other hand, a large number of simulations have found that when the branch node 21 is provided with the feed edge 213 or the feed plate surface 214 which faces away from the radiation part 10 and is in a zigzag shape, the feed edge 213 or the feed plate surface 214 will couple with the floor 32 to feed power to form a capacitor, thereby increasing the broadband.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the first end 211 of the branch 21 is connected to the outer edge of the radiating surface. The projection of the second end 212 of the branch 21 in the direction perpendicular to the radiation plane of the radiation part 10 is located in the middle area of the radiation plane. In this way, the second ends 212 of the four branches 21 are all disposed in a concentrated manner and correspond to the middle area of the radiating surface, so that the feeding line can be electrically connected to the branches conveniently.

Referring to fig. 5 or 9, in one embodiment, the first end 211 is spaced from the central axis (indicated by the dotted line Z) of the radiating portion 10 (indicated by the arrow S1) by a distance greater than the second end 212 is spaced from the central axis (indicated by the arrow S2). In this manner, the branch node 21 is disposed below the radiating portion 10 in an outward-inward extending manner, that is, a feeding point is formed at a position close to the central axis of the radiating portion 10, so that the feeding points of the feeding portion 20 are concentratedly disposed at a position close to the central axis, thereby facilitating the wiring of the feeding network board 30.

Referring to fig. 5 or fig. 9, in some embodiments, the zigzag shape refers to all shapes other than a straight line, including but not limited to any combination of one or more of circular arc, elliptic arc, parabolic shape, stepped shape, zigzag shape, S-shape, and W-shape, and may be a regular zigzag shape or an irregular zigzag shape, and the zigzag shape may be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual impedance matching requirements, which is not limited herein.

It should be noted that the plurality of arbitrary combination forms refer to any two pairwise connected combination forms of an arc shape, an elliptic arc shape, a parabolic shape, a step shape, a zigzag shape, an S shape, and a W shape, any three consecutive combination forms, any four consecutive combination forms, any five consecutive combination forms, and the like. Any two pairwise connected combination forms such as an arc-shaped line segment and an elliptic arc-shaped line segment are connected, the arc-shaped line segment is connected with a parabolic line segment, the arc-shaped line segment is connected with a step-shaped line segment, and the like.

Referring to fig. 5 or 9, in the present embodiment, the feeding edge 213 or the feeding board surface 214 is set to be arc-shaped, so that the distance between the feeding edge 213 or the feeding board surface 214 and the floor 32 tends to increase gradually, so that the coupling feeding between the feeding edge 213 or the feeding board surface 214 and the floor 32 forms coupling capacitors C1, C2 \8230cn, cn, which can neutralize the inductive impedance in the antenna impedance, reduce the imaginary part of the impedance, and enable the antenna to implement impedance matching in a wide frequency band, thereby increasing the antenna bandwidth.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment, four windows 11 are disposed on the radiation portion 10. The four windows 11 are adapted to the shape of the four branches 21. In this way, during manufacturing, the profile of the branch 21 is formed on the radiating portion 10 by milling with a milling cutter, for example, and then the milled portion is bent downward to form or stamped to form the branch 21, that is, the branch 21 and the radiating portion 10 are integrated, so that processes such as welding between the radiating portion 10 and the feeding portion 20 are omitted, and the advantages of simple manufacturing process, low cost, and the like are achieved.

Referring to any one of fig. 2, 10 and 11, fig. 10 and 11 respectively illustrate two exemplary GNSS antennas according to another embodiment of the invention. In one embodiment, the branches 21 are planar plates having feed edges 213. In addition, the plate surface of the branch 21 and the radiation surface of the radiation part 10 are arranged at an angle, so that the feeding edge 213 faces the floor 32, and the branch 21 is arranged below the radiation part 10 in a manner of extending from outside to inside. Therefore, in the production and manufacturing process, after the outline of the branch 21 is obtained by milling on the radiation part 10, the milled part is directly bent downwards to obtain the branch 21, the branch 21 is a flat plate, and the milled part is not required to be bent for the second time, so that the assembly error can be reduced, and the stability of the structure is also improved.

In addition, referring to fig. 4 and 5, since the feeding edge 213 is in a zigzag shape, the distance between the feeding edge 213 and the floor 32 tends to increase gradually, so that the coupling feeding between the feeding edge 213 and the floor 32 forms coupling capacitors C1, C2 \8230cn, which can neutralize the inductive reactance in the antenna impedance and reduce the imaginary part of the impedance, so that the antenna can realize impedance matching in a wide frequency band, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the antenna.

Specifically, in order to ensure the coupling feeding effect between the branch 21 and the floor 32, the plate surface of the branch 21 and the radiation surface of the radiation part 10 are perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to each other. Here, "substantially" perpendicular "means that the angle between the plate surface of the branch 21 and the radiation surface of the radiation part 10 is not strictly 90 °, but is allowed to be in a range of ± 10 ° on the basis of being perpendicular to each other, for example.

The edge of one side of the branch 21 is the feeding edge 213, the edge of the other side of the branch 21 is relatively closer to the radiation part 10, and the specific shape of the edge of the other side of the branch 21 is not limited herein, and can be arbitrarily set and adjusted according to actual requirements.

Of course, in some alternative solutions, the branch node 21 is not limited to be provided as a plane plate, but may also be provided as a plate with a zigzag shape, in other words, a certain degree of bending may be allowed to occur on the basis of the plane plate, as long as the zigzag-shaped plate has the zigzag-shaped feeding edge 213 thereon and makes the feeding edge 213 face the floor 32, and the specific degree of bending is flexibly set according to actual requirements, and is not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 7-9, in one embodiment, the branches 21 are meandering-shaped plates having feeding plate surfaces 214.

Optionally, referring to fig. 8 and 9, the distance between the feeding plate surface 214 of the zigzag-shaped plate and the floor 32 tends to increase gradually, so that the coupling feeding between the zigzag-shaped plate and the floor 32 forms coupling capacitors C1 and C2 \8230cn, which can neutralize the inductive reactance in the antenna impedance and reduce the imaginary part of the impedance, so that the antenna can implement impedance matching in a wide frequency band, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the antenna.

The plate member in the zigzag shape includes but is not limited to a strip-shaped plate when being unfolded, and the strip-shaped plate is adapted to the window 11. In addition, in the actual production process, the profile of the strip-shaped plate is formed on the radiation part 10 by milling, and then the bent branches 21 are obtained by bending or punching. In addition, in order to generate a sufficiently large capacitive coupling between the power feeding unit 20 and the floor 32, a portion of the branch 21 of the power feeding unit 20 facing the floor 32 must be set to have a non-planar structure, that is, a bending degree or a bending degree of the portion of the branch 21 facing the floor 32 needs to be sufficiently large, so as to ensure that the coupling capacitance is sufficient, and specifically, how large the coupling capacitance can be flexibly set and adjusted according to an actual impedance matching requirement, which is not limited herein. In addition, the length of the branch 21 must be long enough to ensure that the distance between the radiation part 10 and the floor 32 is large enough, and the specific length can be flexibly set according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 2, 7, 10 and 11, in an embodiment, the radiation surface of the radiation portion 10 includes but is not limited to a polygon or a circle, and may also be other regular shapes or irregular shapes, and how to design the radiation surface can be flexibly adjusted and configured according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 10, when the radiation surface of the radiation portion 10 is circular, the axial ratio can be further improved, and a better circular polarization characteristic can be obtained. Meanwhile, the circular radiation part 10 also prolongs the current path, and miniaturization is realized.

Referring to fig. 2, 7 and 11, alternatively, the radiation surface of the radiation portion 10 may also be a polygon, which includes but is not limited to a square, a rectangle, a hexagon, an octagon, etc., and may also be other regular shapes and irregular shapes, and the current path of the radiation portion 10 can also be extended, thereby achieving miniaturization.

Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3 and fig. 6, in an embodiment, the GNSS antenna further includes a feeding network board 30 located below the radiating portion 10. The feeding network board 30 includes a dielectric substrate 31 and a floor board 32 connected above the dielectric substrate 31. The ground plate 32 is coupled to the feeding portion 20, the radiating portion 10 and the feeding portion 20 are located on the same side of the ground plate 32, and the dielectric substrate 31 is located on the other side of the ground plate 32. The feeding edge 213 or the feeding plate surface 214 is spaced from the floor 32, and the spacing increases from the second end 212 to the first end 211. In this way, the branches 21 are inserted at four feeding points of the dielectric substrate 31 and are capacitively coupled with the ground plate 32 to increase the operating bandwidth.

Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3 and fig. 6, in an embodiment, four feeding points are disposed on the dielectric substrate 31, and the second ends 212 of the four branches 21 respectively penetrate through the floor 32 and are electrically connected to the four feeding points in a one-to-one correspondence manner. In this way, the second ends 212 of the four branches 21 penetrate through the floor 32 and are inserted into four feeding points of the dielectric substrate 31, and the phase difference between the adjacent feeding points is 90 ° for generating circularly polarized radiation.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and fig. 6, in an embodiment, four avoiding grooves 321 are disposed on the floor 32, and four inserting grooves 311 corresponding to the four avoiding grooves 321 are disposed on the dielectric substrate 31. The four avoidance slots 321 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the four second ends 212. The second end 212 correspondingly penetrates through the avoiding groove 321, and the second end 212 and the circumferential side wall of the avoiding groove 321 are provided with intervals. The second end 212 is also inserted into and fixed to the slot 311. Specifically, the escape groove 321 is larger in size than the insertion groove 311. In addition, the shape of the avoiding groove 321 includes, but is not limited to, a regular shape or an irregular shape, such as a square shape, a circular shape, an oval shape, and the like. Likewise, the shape of the slot 311 includes, but is not limited to, regular shapes or irregular shapes that are squares, circles, ovals, and the like. Thus, since the second end 212 and the circumferential sidewall of the avoiding groove 321 are both provided with a gap, that is, the second end 212 and the circumferential sidewall of the avoiding groove 321 are not in mutual electrical contact, the feeding portion 20 is not electrically connected to the floor 32 to cause short circuit, and the second end 212 and the circumferential sidewall of the avoiding groove 321 are coupled to each other, so that the bandwidth can be increased. In addition, the second end 212 is fixedly installed in the slot 311 of the dielectric substrate 31 after passing through the avoiding slot 321, so that the feeding portion 20 and the radiating portion 10 can be fixed on the dielectric substrate 31, and meanwhile, the electrical connection with the feeding point can be facilitated.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and fig. 6, in an embodiment, the GNSS antenna further includes a plurality of boundary plates 40 circumferentially disposed on the peripheral areas of the radiating portion 10 and the feeding portion 20. The plurality of boundary plates 40 are sequentially arranged at intervals and are electrically connected to the floor panel 32. At least one side surface of the boundary plate 40 is a metal surface. As described above, the plurality of boundary plates 40 provided in the peripheral region of the radiation unit 10 and the power supply unit 20 can improve the low elevation gain, improve the impedance matching, widen the beam width of the axial ratio, and reduce the axial ratio.

In one embodiment, the boundary plate 40 may be designed as a metal plate or a dielectric plate, and a metal surface is formed on one or both side surfaces of the dielectric plate by, for example, plating. When the boundary plate 40 is designed as a metal plate, optionally, the boundary plate 40 and the floor 32 are integrally formed by a metal plate, so that the advantages of simple production process, low cost and the like are achieved. Of course, the boundary plate 40 may be connected to the floor 32 by welding or by using a pin, screw, rivet, or the like.

Alternatively, the boundary plates 40 are circular arc-shaped metal plates, and the number of the boundary plates 40 includes, but is not limited to, four. Thus, the four metal plates are sequentially arranged at intervals and surround the peripheral areas of the radiation part 10 and the feed part 20, so as to improve the low elevation gain, improve the impedance matching, widen the beam width of the axial ratio and reduce the axial ratio.

It should be noted that the boundary plate 40 may also be designed into other shapes, such as a straight plate or an L-shaped plate, etc., and the number is designed to be sufficient, such as 6, 10, 20 or other numbers, and arranged in sequence at intervals, and the whole is designed in a manner of surrounding the peripheral areas of the radiation portion 10 and the feeding portion 20.

In addition, in order to make the technical effects of the present embodiment more clear, please refer to fig. 12 to fig. 15, which respectively illustrate simulation diagrams of various parameters of the GNSS antenna shown in fig. 1.

FIG. 12 is a representation of a simulation of standing waves for the GNSS antenna of FIG. 1. As can be seen from the figure, the frequency band of the standing wave less than 2 is 1.159GHz-1.614GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 32.8%. Can cover the common satellite communication frequency band GPS: l1:1575MHz, L2:1227mhz, l5; second generation Beidou: b1, 1561MHz; b2, 1207MHz; b3:1268MHz; GLONASS:1612MHz.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a gain simulation of the GNSS antenna of FIG. 1. It can be seen that the gain of the right hand circular polarization is higher than 5dB and remains stable over the impedance bandwidth, while the gain of the left hand circular polarization is less than-40 dB over the impedance bandwidth.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating the axial ratio beamwidths of the GNSS antenna of FIG. 1 at 1.164GHz, 1.221GHz and 1.278 GHz. It can be seen from the figure that the 3-dB axial ratio beamwidth at this frequency exceeds 154.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating axial ratio beamwidths of 1.557, 1.5845GHz and 1.612GHz for the GNSS antenna of FIG. 1. It can be seen from the figure that the 3-dB axial ratio beamwidth at each frequency exceeds 116 deg..

All possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

Claims

1. A GNSS antenna, comprising:

2. The GNSS antenna of claim 1 wherein the first end of the stub is connected to an outer edge of the radiating surface; the projection of the second end of the branch node in the direction perpendicular to the radiation surface is positioned in the middle area of the radiation surface.

3. The GNSS antenna of claim 1, wherein the first end is spaced from a central axis of the radiating portion by a distance greater than a distance between the second end and the central axis; and/or the zigzag shape is one or more of a combination of circular arc, elliptic arc, parabola, ladder, zigzag, S-shaped and W-shaped.

4. The GNSS antenna of claim 1, wherein four windows are provided on the radiating part, the four windows being adapted to the shapes of the four branches.

5. The GNSS antenna of claim 1 wherein the stub is a planar plate having the feed edge; the plate surface of the branch knot and the radiation surface of the radiation part form an included angle.

6. The GNSS antenna of claim 1 wherein the stub is a plate in a meandering shape; the meander-shaped plate has the feed plate surface.

7. The GNSS antenna of claim 1, wherein the radiation surface of the radiation part is polygonal or circular.

8. The GNSS antenna according to any of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a feed network board located below the radiating section; the feed network board comprises a dielectric substrate and a floor connected above the dielectric substrate, the floor is coupled with the feed part, the radiation part and the feed part are positioned on the same side of the floor, and the dielectric substrate is positioned on the other side of the floor; the feeding edge or the feeding plate surface and the floor form a gap, and the gap tends to increase from the second end to the first end.

9. The GNSS antenna according to claim 8, wherein the dielectric substrate is provided with four feeding points, and the second ends of the four branches respectively penetrate through the floor and are electrically connected with the four feeding points in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

10. The GNSS antenna according to claim 8, wherein four avoidance slots are provided on the floor, and four slots corresponding to the four avoidance slots are provided on the dielectric substrate; the four avoidance grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four second ends; the second end correspondingly penetrates through the avoidance groove, and intervals are arranged between the second end and the circumferential side wall of the avoidance groove; the second end is also inserted into and fixed in the slot.

11. The GNSS antenna of claim 8, further comprising a plurality of boundary plates circumferentially provided to peripheral regions of the radiating section and the feeding section; the boundary plates are sequentially arranged at intervals and are electrically connected with the floor; at least one side surface of the boundary plate is a metal surface.

12. The GNSS antenna of claim 11 wherein the boundary plates are four and the boundary plates are circular arc shaped metal plates.